Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology最新文献

{"title":"TBM rock fragmentation classification using an adaptive spot denoising and contour-texture decomposition attention-based method","authors":"Guoqiang Huang,&nbsp;Chengjin Qin,&nbsp;Haodi Wang,&nbsp;Chengliang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The particle size and morphology of the rock slag on the TBM conveyor belt are important for the driver’s adjustment of the tunneling parameters. However, the light source at the shooting site produces strong light pollution on the rock image, which greatly affects the image recognition results. This paper proposes an image adaptive spot denoising combined with contour-texture decomposition attention-based method for TBM rock fragmentation classification (AD-CDAN). The proposed method first calculates the global threshold from the grayscale distribution, performs image threshold segmentation to achieve light noise region localization, and then locally fills the texture after image Gaussian smoothing to achieve adaptive denoising. Then, the denoised image is fed into the decomposition attention block, where contour-texture decomposition is carried out for each feature map, and an exactor is presented to optimize the decomposition effect by mapping the decomposition hyperparameters from the input. Meanwhile, the normalized channel attention is computed from the input to output the feature maps with weights. Next, the output results are summed with the features obtained after downsampling the input image, and feedforward processing is performed to obtain the output of a single decomposition attention block. Finally, multiple decomposed attention blocks are stacked and the final extracted image contour features are linearly classified. In addition, this paper proposes a method to add light spot noise to simulate the harsh environment that may occur at the TBM construction site. Experimental validations are conducted on two datasets from the Baolin Tunnel project in Hubei Province and one dataset from Sichuan-Tibet Railway. The results show that the average accuracy of AD-CDAN in the two datasets of Baolin Tunnel without additional noise exceed 93%, and exceed 87% in the two datasets-noised. In the dataset from Sichuan-Tibet Railway, the accuracy of AD-CDAN still exceeds 85%. All results show that the accuracy of AD-CDAN exceeds the comparative models by 2.38%-42.87%, which verifies the effectiveness, superiority, and strong robustness of the proposed AD-CDAN, indicating that the method can be adapted to harsher working environments and provide important support for the safe tunneling of TBM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106498"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic response of shallow dual unlined circular tunnels subjected to incident P, SV, or Rayleigh waves in an elastic half-plane","authors":"Cheng Yue ,&nbsp;Qijian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the dynamic response of shallow dual circular unlined tunnels in an elastic half-plane during earthquakes. The scattered wave fields are constructed using the complex variable method and image method. General expressions for the displacement and stress components of the soil are derived through the conformal mapping technique. The half-plane surface and the tunnels in the physical domain are mapped onto ring regions in the image plane using two conformal mapping functions. Additional boundary conditions along the half-surface are imposed to solve the multiple-connected problem of the dual tunnel system. The boundary value problem yields a series of algebraic equations according to the traction-free boundary conditions. The unknown coefficients in the infinite series of algebraic equations are numerically solved by truncating the series numbers. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the dynamic response of the dual tunnels to incident SV waves. Numerical results reveal that the embedment ratio, the tunnel separations, the incident SV wave angle, and the wave frequency significantly affect the dynamic response of the dual tunnel system. The shielding effects of the tunnels against the incident SV waves are pronounced. The tunnel-to-tunnel interactions are evident.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106513"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety assessment of shield tunnel underpassing railway bridges considering coupled randomness of stratigraphy and tunneling parameters","authors":"Chenghua Shi ,&nbsp;Xuanyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zixu Zhu ,&nbsp;Tao Zhu ,&nbsp;Mingfeng Lei ,&nbsp;Xiaohe Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During shield tunneling beneath existing railway bridges, the heterogeneity of strata and the uncertainty of tunneling parameters often pose significant risks to railway operation safety. Based on statistical data from geological drilling and shield tunneling parameters in a real engineering project, this study establishes a probabilistic safety assessment framework by integrating unconditional random field theory, Co-Kriging theory, and stochastic function methods. The approach accounts for the spatial distribution constraints of geological exploration data and the statistical characteristics of tunneling parameters to simulate the coupled stochastic effects of stratigraphic physical-mechanical properties and tunneling process parameters. Numerical results reveal that simulations considering both stratigraphic information and tunneling parameter randomness exhibit significantly greater variability compared to those considering only stratigraphic or tunneling parameter randomness, underscoring the importance of their coupled stochastic effects. Furthermore, the proposed method evaluates the probability of exceeding deformation limits under various control values for railway bridges. For the case study, no speed restrictions are required during left-line tunneling. However, for right-line tunneling, a speed limit of 80 km/h is necessary when the shield head reaches beneath the railway bridge, reducing to 45 km/h as the shield moves away from the bridge. The most critical phase occurs when the shield tail exits from beneath the bridge during right-line tunneling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 106490"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic fragility analysis for subway station considering the soil non-linear dynamic property uncertainty","authors":"Jiawei Jiang ,&nbsp;Yazhi Zhao ,&nbsp;Di Liu ,&nbsp;Xiuli Du ,&nbsp;Guoxing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic characteristics of a site play a crucial role in the seismic response of underground structures. However, existing seismic vulnerability models often inadequately account for variability in soil parameters. This paper examines a frame subway station underground structure, performing both a traditional seismic vulnerability analysis considering only seismic motion record uncertainty, and a comprehensive analysis incorporating uncertainties in soil dynamic parameters. These parameters include soil shear wave velocity and three additional parameters reflecting the soil’s nonlinear dynamic behavior. The Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) method was used to develop both the traditional seismic fragility curves and the curves incorporating these additional uncertainties. Differences between these two curves were quantified and compared using the Wasserstein distance. The results indicate that ignoring soil dynamic parameter uncertainty significantly impacts the assessment of post-earthquake failure probability for underground structures. This impact varies with seismic motion intensity, and the discrepancy between the two seismic fragility curves increases as the performance level of the assessed structure rises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 106531"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive comfort assessment method for the weight of environmental factors by analogical reasoning: A study on the comfort of the tunnel construction environment","authors":"Fang Ruan,&nbsp;Shun Li,&nbsp;Pengxu Chen,&nbsp;Changjin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the tunneling process, the numerous and dense electromechanical equipment and shield machine facilities will release a significant amount of heat and noise, and emit various harmful gases and dust, severely influencing the comfort of the construction environment. In this case, it is highly necessary to study the comfort of the tunnel construction environment. This paper presents a comprehensive assessment method for the comfort of the construction environment in the tunnel by analogical reasoning based on standard specifications and known similar situations. The index formula and evaluation grade of four environmental factors in the tunnel construction environment were first proposed according to relevant standard specifications at home and abroad, and the new entropy grey correlation analysis (EGCA) weighting method is used to calculate the objective weight scheme by analogical reasoning. Then, 486 valid questionnaires were collected by network questionnaire, and the subjective weight scheme was obtained through expert evaluation in the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). The combined weight scheme was finally obtained based on the results of game theory combining the EGCA and FAHP methods. The rationality and correctness of the method are verified by data. Furthermore, this study compared the weight schemes of other studies, and the results show that tunnel construction workers have higher requirements for thermal and air environments than workers in public buildings. This method can help designers and users estimate and evaluate comfort through standard specifications and known similar situations on occasions where actual data are difficult to obtain. With the improvement of data, the research results can be gradually adjusted and optimized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 106528"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent prediction and optimization of ground settlement induced by shield tunneling construction","authors":"Dejun Liu ,&nbsp;Wenpeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Kang Duan ,&nbsp;Jianping Zuo ,&nbsp;Mingyao Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xu Huang ,&nbsp;Xuanwei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predicting and optimizing surface settlement induced by shield tunneling is a challenging task. Although various machine learning methods have been applied to this field, they are mostly limited to predicting conventional settlement patterns, with limited effectiveness in addressing abnormal settlement issues or achieving truly adaptive adjustments during shield tunneling. Consequently, the generalization and applicability of these methods remain insufficient. To tackle these challenges, this paper proposes an adaptive, efficient, and data-driven intelligent prediction and optimization method to comprehensively address the demands of surface settlement prediction and control during shield tunneling. The main innovations include: (1) The development of a generalization performance evaluation method based on incremental training set sampling, particle swarm optimization (PSO) for hyperparameter tuning, and 10-fold cross-validation, systematically assessing robustness and generalization capability of the model under varying data volumes and complex construction conditions. (2) The construction of an extremely randomized trees regression (ETR) model, combined with Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) for transparent analysis of prediction results, significantly enhancing the model’s adaptability to complex geological conditions. (3) The design of a three-level optimization strategy, including local optimization, global optimization, and manual intervention, which integrates the ETR model with a genetic algorithm (GA) to propose a comprehensive and rational settlement control plan. The results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits excellent generalization capability and reliability under different engineering scenarios, particularly in identifying and controlling abnormal settlement and adapting to complex geological environments. This provides an innovative solution for surface settlement prediction and optimization in shield tunneling projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 106486"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of fault slip induced by dynamic loading on the mechanical responses of tunnels","authors":"Liyuan Yu,&nbsp;Dongyang Wu,&nbsp;Haijian Su,&nbsp;Shentao Geng,&nbsp;Minghe Ju,&nbsp;Yuanhai Li,&nbsp;Jiangfeng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the mechanical responses of tunnels to fault slip induced by dynamic disturbances is crucial for assessing structural safety and stability. Previously, scholars have focused mainly on the shear properties of rough interfaces, neglecting the influence of stress concentration caused by fault slips on underground engineering projects. Therefore, in this work, laboratory experiments and numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the evolution of stress, displacement, strain energy density (<em>SED</em>), and strain energy release rate (<em>SERR</em>) in the surrounding rock. The results indicate that the stress state in the rock surrounding the fault is complex, and that the failure range of samples with faults is more extensive than that of the samples without faults. The stress concentration at the tunnel crown far exceeds that at other locations under dynamic loading. At an impact load of 52.1 MPa, the peak <em>SED</em> and <em>SERR</em> at the tunnel crown are 1.516 MJ·m⁻³ and 6197.82 MJ·m⁻³·s⁻¹ respectively, these values are 20.76 and 43.84 times greater than those at the floor, respectively. The fault slipping results in significantly higher stress and strain energy levels on the left side of the tunnel (near the fault) than on the right side, leading to a significant increase in the severity of tunnel damage with increasing impact load. Finally, the mechanical responses of the tunnels under the coupled effect of impact loads and fault roughness are investigated. The <em>SERR</em> increases with increasing impact load and fault roughness, and the degree of damage to a tunnel is positively correlated is positively correlated with the <em>SERR</em>. As the joint roughness coefficient (<em>JRC</em>) of the faults increases from 0 (smooth state) to 12.26, the maximum stress <em>σ</em>_max at the crown increases from 120.78 MPa to 241.27 MPa at an impact load of 52.1 MPa. Moreover, the <em>SERR</em> at the crown peaks at 5997.54 MJ·m⁻³·s⁻¹ when <em>JRC</em> = 12.26. As the <em>JRC</em> increases to 17.98, the most severe damage zone moves from the crown to the left side of the floor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 106533"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of subway train load on seismic response of twin stacked tunnels using three-directional shaking table test in sand","authors":"Yao Hu ,&nbsp;Mingming Li ,&nbsp;Huayang Lei ,&nbsp;Mingshuai Li ,&nbsp;Peng Zeng ,&nbsp;Xuejian Chen ,&nbsp;Po Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The seismic response of soil and tunnel can be affected by the subway train load in twin stacked tunnel case. However, the existing studies on the seismic response of stacked tunnels do not consider the influence of subway traffic load. Therefore, this study conducted a series of 3-D shaking table tests to investigate the influence of subway train load on seismic response of twin stacked tunnels in sand. The research results indicated that, for the soil-tunnel system, the subway train load reduces the values of both natural frequency and damping ratio. For the soil, the subway train load can inhibit the seismic response, which is manifested in the gradient differences of peak acceleration and peak pore pressure around the upper tunnel significantly decreased, the acceleration amplification effect weakened, and the peak surface settlement obviously reduced. For the tunnel, the subway train load can increase low-frequency amplitude at the crown position of twin tunnels, and decrease low-frequency and high-frequency amplitudes at the inverted arch position of lower tunnel. The peak earth pressure is inversely proportional to the distance from the subway train load application location. The peak strain of the upper tunnel is weakened, and this effect is most obvious at the left sidewall position. The findings in this study will provide reference for seismic design of twin stacked tunnels considering the subway train load.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 106527"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical solutions for safety performance of bell-spigot jointed ductile iron pipelines under various normal fault-pipe crossing positions","authors":"Qingshu Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaogang Qin ,&nbsp;Pengpeng Ni ,&nbsp;Mingge Ye ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Safety assessment of ductile iron (DI) pipelines under fault rupture is a crucial aspect for underground pipeline design. Previous studies delved into the response of DI pipelines to strike-slip faults, but all existing theoretical methods for DI pipelines under strike-slip faults are not suitable for normal fault conditions due to the difference in soil resistance distribution. In this study, analytical solutions considering asymmetric soil resistance and pipe deflection are developed to analyze the behavior of DI pipelines under normal faulting. Results indicate that DI pipelines with a longer segment length are more vulnerable to pipe bending damage, while exhibiting a lower sensitivity to joint rotation failure. For the conditions of pipe segment length <em>L</em> = 1.5 m at all burial depths and <em>L</em> = 3 m at a shallow burial depth, when the fault-pipe crossing position shifts from a joint to a quarter of the segment length (<em>rp</em> = 0 ∼ 0.25), DI pipelines are more prone to joint rotation failure. However, in the cases of <em>L</em> = 3 m at a moderate to deep burial depth and <em>L</em> = 6 m at all burial depths, the most unfavorable position is <em>rp</em> = 0.75, dominated by the mode of pipe bending failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 106507"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on rockburst control of deep-buried tunnel by combining advanced stress release borehole and hydraulic fracturing","authors":"Jiaming Li ,&nbsp;Shibin Tang ,&nbsp;Tianjiao Li ,&nbsp;Shuguang Zhang ,&nbsp;Liexian Tang ,&nbsp;Kang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rockbursts are a common geological hazard during the construction of deep-buried tunnels and seriously threaten the safety of workers. To control rockbursts, first, during the construction of the Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Diversion Project, advance stress release borehole (ASRB) tests were conducted in each of the three different depth tunnel sections where rockbursts occur frequently. Then, microseismic (MS) monitoring technology was used to monitor the microfracture information inside the surrounding rock in real- time during the excavation process. The effectiveness of ASRBs for rockburst control was evaluated by comparing the counts, MS energies and rockburst levels in the drilled and adjacent undrilled sections. The results showed that the ASRBs did not provide the expected pressure relief effect in every tunnel section. In rock masses with higher in- situ stress, the ASRBs did not form a pressure relief zone and instead led to local stress concentration and increased the risk of rockbursts. Finally, this study proposed rockburst control technology for deep-buried tunnels using a combination of ASRBs and hydraulic fracturing (HF) and verified the feasibility of the technology using numerical simulation methods. In addition, the effects of parameters such as the diameter, number and location of ASRBs on the effectiveness of HF in controlling rockbursts are discussed in this study. The rockburst control measures proposed in this study have significance for the construction of deep-buried tunnels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 106517"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}