Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology最新文献

{"title":"Experimental investigation of 15.5-m prototype segment lining structures: The load equivalent method and in-situ verification","authors":"Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhengzhou Lian ,&nbsp;Kun Feng ,&nbsp;Ruoyang Tang ,&nbsp;Chuan He","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Super-large cross-sections are an important trend and the main focus in the current development of shield technology. However, at present, little attention is being paid to the mechanical behavior of super-large segment lining structures (SL-SLS), resulting in their design being blind and still relying on the experience from tunnels with smaller cross-sections. In view of this, a series of prototype tests of a 15.5 m SL-SLS were conducted in this study, in which the load-equivalent relationship between the prototype test and the theoretical model was proposed based on a joint-included numerical model and a neural network. Subsequently, in-situ tests were performed to verify the reliability of the proposed load-equivalent method. Finally, the influence of the local structural stiffness and stagger effect on the mechanical behavior of the SL-SLS were analyzed. The following conclusions have been drawn from this study: (i) The proposed load equivalent method is reasonable and the prototype test can accurately reflect the mechanical behavior of the SL-SLS. (ii) The local structural stiffness has a significant influence on the bending moment and radial displacement, and its influence decreases with increasing water pressure. (iii) The radial displacement of the staggered joint assembly structure is not always smaller than that of the straight joint assembly structure due to the decrease in the overall stiffness of the SL-SLS. (iv) For an SL-SLS, the bearing state of positions near the ± 45° direction might be the most unfavorable and thus should be paid more attention to during the design of the SL-SLS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106481"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the duration effect on the seismic fragility of subway stations considering different damage state thresholds","authors":"Qilong Han ,&nbsp;Qiangqiang Sun ,&nbsp;Zhongkai Huang ,&nbsp;Hongjuan Chen ,&nbsp;Xiuling Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the influence of duration of ground motion on the seismic response of aboveground structures is clearly recognized, its influence on underground structures remains unclear. To this end, this study performs incremental dynamic analyses under both short and long duration ground motions, to quantify the significance of the duration effect on the seismic fragility of subway stations. A two-dimensional soil-structure system is established on the basis of the Daikai subway station, consisting of an elastoplastic soil model and a concrete damage plasticity model. A set of thirty spectrally matched ground motions with varying significant durations (D_5-95) are employed. In particular, using the center column total compressive damage index (D_TCD) and peak inter-story drift ratio (IDR) as structural demand measures (DM), the percentage difference in fragility curves between long and short duration is evaluated by accounting for six suits of damage state thresholds. Correlations between the two DMs and D_5-95 show that ground motion duration affects significantly the seismic fragility of subway stations. Overall, the duration effect is not detected in the minor damage state and becomes more pronounced in the collapse state, suggesting that the duration effect increases as the damage state threshold increases. The median collapse capacity for long duration ground motions is up to approximately 60% or 37% lower than that for short duration ground motions, when a peak IDR or D_TCD are adopted, respectively. The results of this study highlight the great importance of properly considering duration when selecting earthquake records for seismic fragility assessment of subway stations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106485"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on distributed displacement monitoring and strain inversion assessment methods for buried pipelines in fracture zones","authors":"Qunying Fan ,&nbsp;Rui Pang ,&nbsp;Jiajian Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Ren ,&nbsp;Bin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Underground pipelines may experience localized large deformations, which can severely impact their operational lifespan under the influence of fault displacement. Traditional pipeline monitoring techniques are constrained by their measurement range, making monitoring large deformations and assessing buried pipelines’ conditions difficult. This study proposes a distributed displacement monitoring and strain inversion assessment method for buried pipelines to address this issue. First, this study proposes a large deformation shape sensing method, simplified inverse absolute nodal coordinate formulation (iANCFs); Based on the idea of the small strain of the sensor to monitor the large deformation of the structure, a distributed deformation monitoring sensor for buried pipelines is developed by combining fiber optic sensing technology. Ultimately, a model test of a buried pipeline under the action of a fracture zone was designed to obtain the real deformation of the pipeline, and a method of pipeline strain inversion assessment based on monitoring data is proposed, which found that the pipeline entered the elastic–plastic deformation stage at the 8th loading stage. After the final loading stage, the inverse strain extremum of the pipeline reached approximately 8500 με. The method proposed in this study facilitates precise localization of underground pipelines while also enabling the inversion of pipeline strain, thereby assisting in assessing pipeline conditions. This study provides a new solution for analyzing the response of pipelines under the action of fracture zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106430"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and simulation-based study on the effectiveness of column-free fire-resistant roller shutters for fire separation at underground train stations","authors":"Hua Chen ,&nbsp;Ya Shu ,&nbsp;Shihan Luo ,&nbsp;Chenyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao Huang ,&nbsp;Chaozhe Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the accelerated integration of urban underground transportation, the safe management of underground spaces has increased in importance. Owing to the constraints of underground spaces, severe property damage and potential casualties can occur in the event of a fire. Therefore, enhancing the effectiveness of fire separation and optimizing space utilization in underground environments are crucial. In this study, a novel column-free fire-resistant (CFFR) roller shutter with a 3-hour fire resistance rating designed for large-scale fire compartmentalization is proposed. This shutter effectively saves space while ensuring stable descent and excellent fire protection performance, and it ensures the visual continuity of underground spaces. Herein, 9 sets of CFFR roller shutter assemblies, with a total length of 65.0 m, were constructed in the laboratory. A total of 190 operational performance tests were conducted, and a full-scale fire experiment was performed at 3.725 MW for the first time. Additionally, on the basis of experimental data, fire dynamics simulator (FDS) simulations were conducted to model fire scenarios at multiple underground train stations. The results indicate that the CFFR roller shutters effectively delay fire spread after ignition, positively contributing to the thermal insulation performance, temperature control capability, and operational reliability. The research findings not only provide significant empirical support for the practical application of innovative roller shutters but also offer a valuable reference for optimizing fire protection design in underground transportation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106493"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale investigation on tunnel face failure and soil arching in unsaturated sandy ground","authors":"Junzuo He ,&nbsp;Shaoming Liao ,&nbsp;Jie Cui ,&nbsp;Yingbin Liu ,&nbsp;Qiong Yi ,&nbsp;Hai Liu ,&nbsp;Chao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although universal in practical engineering, the soil arching effect induced by tunnel face unloading (TFU) in the unsaturated sandy ground (USG) hardly receives academic concerns for its complicacy. In this study, a physical model and a discrete element method (DEM) incorporating the interparticle capillary water force (ICWF) were established and verified. With the combination of experimental and numerical TFU, the intrinsic mechanism of soil arching effect in the USG was innovatively investigated from macroscale to mesoscale. The results indicate that the tunnel face limit support pressure in sandy ground decreases firstly, and then increases with the increase of saturation degree and its minimum value can be less than 22% of that in the dry sandy ground (DSG). Meanwhile, distinct from the global collapse in DSG, a self-stabilized soil arch emerges above the tunnel crown in USG and prevents the loosening zone from further development. With more effective stress transfer under the stronger soil arching effect, the cover-ratios of transition zone and weak deflection zone for the major principal stress in USG can decrease to 24% and increase to 47% respectively as compared to those in the DSG. Additionally, the coordinate number, weak contact proportion, porosity, and contact anisotropy can effectively reflect the <em>meso</em>-mechanical characteristics of soil arching effect in the USG. This work provides precious evidence for evaluating the tunnel face stability in the USG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106489"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between the built environment and metro usage patterns: A motif-based perspective","authors":"Zhitao Li ,&nbsp;Jinjun Tang ,&nbsp;Yifeng Ji ,&nbsp;Xiao Liang ,&nbsp;Lipeng Hu ,&nbsp;Cheng Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many cities are actively implementing transit-oriented development (TOD) strategies to promote sustainable transportation. However, the intricate relationship between metro users’ travel behavior patterns and the built environment remains underexplored, potentially hindering the effective evaluation of TOD initiatives. This study leverages smart card data collected in Shenzhen, China, to identify thirteen distinct travel motifs commonly observed among metro users. To quantify the diversity of these travel motifs at each metro station, A motif entropy index is introduced, which captures variations in daily travel behaviors. A multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model is employed to analyze the spatially varying effects of built environment characteristics on travel motif diversity. The results indicate that individuals tend to prefer travel motifs characterized by fewer nodes or trips. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that weekend travelers exhibit greater diversity in their travel motifs compared to weekday commuters. Suburban metro stations generally display higher motif entropy levels than downtown stations. Notably, the impact of built environment factors on motif diversity remains relatively consistent across weekdays and weekends. Land use mix and the proportion of residential areas demonstrate positive associations with motif entropy, while the proportion of commercial areas exhibit a negative impact. The findings provide valuable insights for effective TOD planning strategies, suggesting that government initiatives could prioritize the development of suburban residential neighborhoods, complemented by multifunctional facilities, to enhance regional vibrancy and reduce reliance on central urban areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106488"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The research on the evaluation framework and application of urban three-dimensional (aboveground and underground) regeneration sensitivity——Taking Kunshan Old City in China as an example","authors":"Kunyang Li ,&nbsp;Jizhong Shao ,&nbsp;Runze Lin ,&nbsp;Guan Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Minge Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban regeneration (UR) is a strategic approach to urban transformation. Currently, most cities in China are moving into an era of land stock usage, emphasizing the optimal use of existing land resources. Consequently, the strategic optimization of 3D spatial resources, both aboveground and underground, has progressively emerged as a highly effective pathway for UR. However, most prior studies lack a forward-looking arrangement and guidance for the operational method regarding the scope of regeneration and sequencing from a 3D perspective. This has resulted in urban three-dimensional regeneration (UTDR), which has not yet been widely utilized for scaled planning research and practice systems. Hence, we introduced the innovative concept of UTDR sensitivity and proposed a systematic evaluation technique to identify priority areas for effectively revitalizing urban aboveground and underground spaces while realizing phased UTDR based on sensitivity levels in an organized way. Specifically, we dismantled the source of sensitivity, with UR motivation, spatial carrying pressure, and three-dimensional construction potential as the three key sub-systems. Then, we extracted and selected quantitative indicators through the combined use of social network analysis and correlation; we determined the weight allocation of the indicators using the random forest model. We explored the spatial patterns of UTDR-sensitive districts and intervention-related priorities based on importance-performance analysis and coupled coordination models. In addition, our framework helped reveal the degree of influence of driving indicators for different systems on the spatial characteristics of UTDR sensitivity. Using ArcGIS, we visualized the agglomeration-based features and rules for differentiation regarding the results of quantitative spatial analysis based on a case study in Kunshan, China. We identified (1) 76 key units of UTDR-sensitive districts, mainly distributed in the central and southwestern parts of the research area, which faced the severe challenge of growing human-land conflicts; and (2) three planning intervention-related priorities. Thirty units were at the level of high sensitivity, requiring priority-based interventions to alleviate the contradiction between the insufficient supply and the significant demand for urban space through UTDR actions. The classification of spatial units and zoning (based on the evaluation of the sensitivity difference) is important for objectively selecting the possibility and priorities of UTDR. The assessment outcomes are crucial for the refined development of UTDR and for promoting the scientific implementation of regeneration planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106428"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of drainage system on the stability of underground CAES gas storage under different lateral pressure coefficients","authors":"Aohui Zhou ,&nbsp;Peng Li ,&nbsp;Liyang Fan ,&nbsp;Zhuowei Yi ,&nbsp;Xibo Tang ,&nbsp;Wenbin Fei","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As demand for large-scale physical energy storage increases, lined rock caverns (LRC) have emerged as an ideal solution for compressed air energy storage (CAES). However, drainage systems, a crucial component of LRC, have often been overlooked in prior studies. Drainage pipes behind the lining can be considered as defects since they increase the cracking potential of the concrete lining when subject to high internal circulating pressure. In this study, a comprehensive LRC model is established, consisting of a steel lining sealing layer, C30 concrete lining, C25 concrete spray layer, drainage system, and surrounding rock. Both excavation and operation stages of LRC are simulated considering various drainage system parameters (drainage pipe spacing: 1 m and 2 m, drainage pipe inner diameter: 10 cm and 15 cm) and lateral pressure coefficients (0.8, 1.0, 1.2). Results show that the drainage system has minimal impact during the excavation phase, causing stress concentrations in the C25 concrete spray layer near the drainage pipes but little effect on the surrounding rock displacement or steel lining stress. In contrast, the drainage system affects LRC stability significantly in operational phase, inducing substantial stress concentrations and damage in the C25 concrete spray layer and C30 concrete lining, as well as an increase in steel lining stress and surrounding rock displacement. The stability of LRC is optimal when lateral pressure coefficient is 1.0 or 1.2, and worst when it is 0.8. In the worst scenario, the maximum steel lining stress in the LRC increases by 29.89 MPa and the displacement of the surrounding rock roof increases by 1.46 mm, compared to LRC without a drainage system. Meanwhile, the inner diameter of the drain pipe has a greater effect on the stability of the cavern than the spacing. These findings suggest that while the presence of a drainage system can be neglected in the design of conventional tunnels, its influence must be carefully considered in the calculation, design, and construction of LRC for CAES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106444"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating subsurface cavities detection using innovative laser dynamic deflectometer for efficient and large-scale urban road network inspections","authors":"Xianghuan Luo ,&nbsp;Jinfeng He ,&nbsp;Dejin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiasong Zhu ,&nbsp;Mingxiao Li ,&nbsp;Bochen Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingquan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pavement collapses caused by subsurface cavities present a considerable challenge in urban areas. Conventional inspection techniques like ground-penetrating radar (GPR) are effective but expensive and time-consuming. Alternatively, laser dynamic deflectometer (LDD) has emerged as a cost-efficient tool capable of real-time measurements; however, its reliability for detecting subsurface defects in urban roadways remains unclear. This research investigates the feasibility and efficacy of LDD for the rapid identification of subsurface cavities within urban road networks. A case study was conducted in Longgang District, involving comprehensive inspections using both LDD and GPR, with cavities delineated based on GPR data. Chi-square tests revealed a positive correlation between deflection anomalies detected by LDD and the subsurface cavities identified by GPR, with a stronger correlation on main roads. Deflection values significantly increased as the distance between the top of the cavity and road surface decreased, suggesting that LDD measurements can effectively predict the condition of underlying cavities. A moderate-to-strong correlation was found between LDD deflection anomalies and GPR reflection intensity, validating the integration of these technologies for reliable cavity inspections. This research demonstrates that the LDD is a feasible and effective method for large-scale urban road inspections, offering the potential for timely and early warning of ground collapse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106471"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical solution of stress and displacement of surrounding rock in shallow buried tunnels with different hole-type under surface load","authors":"Qiang Feng,&nbsp;Wenbin Zhang,&nbsp;Weiwei Liu,&nbsp;Changxi Cai,&nbsp;Hongbo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shallow buried tunnels are prone to engineering accidents such as excessive deformation and collapse under surface load, seriously affecting the safe operation of the tunnel. In practical engineering, the complexity of surface load characteristics and tunnel boundary conditions makes it challenging to predict the stress and displacement distribution in the surrounding rock. This unpredictability poses significant challenges to safety control during tunnel construction and support design. Based on the principle of complex function conformal transformation, this paper solves the mapping function of elastic semi-infinite planes with different hole types in combination with the boundary control points. Considering the effect of load on the initial conditions of the surface and the hole boundary, the surface load on the physical plane is transformed into a function with a period of <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></math></span> on the boundary outside the image plane annulus domain, which is expanded into the complex form of Fourier series under the Dirichlet convergence condition. The effect of surface load on the self-weight stress of surrounding rock is analyzed, and the new stress boundary conditions around the tunnel are considered to obtain the analytical solution of stress-displacement applicable to tunnels with different hole-types under the surface load. The results indicate that the position of concentrated loads significantly affects the stress and displacement fields of the tunnel. When the load is positioned directly above the tunnel, the tangential stress at the crown transitions to a different state, increasing the risk of structural failure. Additionally, surface settlement is influenced by both the tunnel excavation and the surface loads. The parameter <em>β</em> effectively reflects the sensitivity of different tunnel shapes to settlement, providing a theoretical basis for selecting tunnel profiles and structural support. Under uniformly distributed loads, the overall deformation is more pronounced, and an increase in lateral pressure coefficients can effectively reduce both surface and crown settlements. The curved-wall arch tunnel is taken as an example to numerically calculate the stress field and displacement field of the tunnel with concentrated load and uniformly distributed load, respectively, under different lateral stress. The results show that the analytical solutions and numerical solutions are in good agreement. This study can provide a theoretical basis for stability evaluation and related design in shallow buried tunnel engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 106472"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}