Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology最新文献

{"title":"A new method for multi-dimensional impact risk quantization and pressure-relief evaluation of deep rockburst mines based on FCM-EWM","authors":"Bingbing Yu ,&nbsp;Renshu Yang ,&nbsp;Jinjing Zuo ,&nbsp;Yanbing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The implementation of roof pressure-relief systems has been imperative for ensuring the safety of mining operations in deep rockburst mines. However, the integration of impact risk analysis and pressure-relief effect evaluation of overlying strata remains a significant challenge. Drawing upon the research background of large energy events and strong impact threat in the Xinjulong coal mine, this study proposes a novel methodology for quantifying impact risk and evaluating pressure-relief effects. The proposed approach integrates the empowerment and vulnerability index method, offering a novel and comprehensive approach to risk assessment. The specific conclusions of the study are as follows: The blasting pressure relief work has a “buffer energy release effect” on the impact load generated by the migration of thick-hard roof. The upper pressure is transferred to the goaf, and the energy field of the working face and the roof remains stable. The outcomes of the ISM model are consistent with the internal fracture mechanism of the roof rock mass, which encompasses generation, transmission and transformation of energy throughout the entire monitoring process of “energy−stress−displacement−working resistance−drilling cuttings”. The weight of microseismic monitoring (energy, frequency and spatial aggregation characteristics) accounts for 52.2%, and the source of impact risk remains the primary focus of evaluation. The vulnerability index method predicts two potential places with strong bursting liability in stage Ⅱ, carries out enhanced-hole blasting and coal seam drilling operations, which effectively prevents further expansion of damage area and damage range. This method represents a novel approach to the application of multi-dimensional data fusion in pressure-relief engineering, and offers significant guidance for the analysis of rockburst disasters and pressure-relief evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106609"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shallow circular tunnels subjected to Love waves under drained loading conditions","authors":"Md Asad Ahmad,&nbsp;Antonio Bobet","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shallow tunnels are often subjected to seismic surface waves such as Love waves, which may be observed in softer soil layers overlying a stiffer/rock layer. These waves propagate horizontally with the particle motion in the plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation. A novel analytical solution for a shallow circular unsupported opening subjected to Love waves is proposed. The solution is achieved assuming that the ground is homogenous, isotropic, and elastic, the Love wave propagates along the direction of the tunnel axis and that no excess pore pressures are induced. That is, drained loading conditions apply. Complex variable theory and conformal mapping are employed to derive the solution, resulting in a system of linear equations to find the coefficients of the complex analytic functions. Verification of the solution is done by comparing its predictions with results from the Finite Element Method (FEM) software, Plaxis 3D. A parametric analysis with a select number of numerical experiments is completed to investigate the effects of opening size, depth and support on the performance of the tunnels. The results show that as the opening size is increased, the forces increase on the liner. Similarly, the increase in depth also significantly increases the forces on the liner and that leads to a decrease of the stress in the soil. A special analysis has been done to determine whether the relative stiffness between the support and the ground determines the response of the structure, as has been the case in many other problems. The results show that the relative stiffness is not a key parameter to estimate the response of shallow tunnels to Love waves. The research shows that shallow underground utilities and structures may be sensitive to Love waves, given the magnitude of displacements and stresses that they may induce to the structure, and thus utilities and other shallow structures should be designed to withstand the demand imposed by these waves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106604"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence prediction of surface settlement induced by twin shields tunnelling","authors":"Gan Wang ,&nbsp;Qian Fang ,&nbsp;Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Qiming Li ,&nbsp;Haoran Song ,&nbsp;Jinkun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accurate prediction of the surface settlement trough is essential for the safety assessment of tunnel construction in densely occupied urban areas. In this study, we propose an artificial intelligence model to predict surface settlement troughs induced by twin tunnelling. The proposed model includes a newly proposed formula for describing settlement trough and a new calculation method of loss. The model uses a Graphical Convolutional Neural network (GCN) to extract latent feature information from field monitoring data that shows the state of the surrounding ground before the second shield passage. The proposed model is verified by comparing its results to those of two other models. The analysis shows that the developed calculation method of loss and consideration of the state of surrounding ground significantly improve the prediction accuracy of surface settlement troughs. While adding more monitoring points can offer benefits, the performance gains become weaker as the number of monitoring points increases. Therefore, we recommend using 24 monitoring points for the proposed model as it strikes the optimal balance between performance and computational efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106606"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon-friendly design method of tunnel lining segments based on Pareto optimal analysis","authors":"Tao Liu ,&nbsp;Hehua Zhu ,&nbsp;Yi Shen ,&nbsp;Liankun Xu ,&nbsp;Yi Rui","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the acceleration of urbanization and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, it has become an urgent issue to reduce carbon emissions and costs in engineering design. To offer an effective and quantitative approach, we propose a carbon-friendly design method for tunnel lining segments based on Pareto optimal analysis, aiming to obtain the optimal design scheme for tunnel lining segments by comprehensively considering both carbon emissions and costs. Firstly, this paper establishes a carbon emission and cost calculation model for tunnel lining segments from material production to on-site construction. Based on this, we explore whether economic benefits can be sacrificed to reduce carbon emissions. As far as the practical engineering data is concerned, detailed parameter analysis is conducted. The relationships between segments carbon emissions and costs versus key influencing factors such as the burial depth, the material type, and the traffic capacity, are investigated. This method precedes the time-consuming and error-prone process of manual trial and error calculations in previous design optimization through automatic iteration, and facilitates the development of the green and sustainable infrastructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106602"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanics of longitudinal joints in segmental tunnel linings: Role of connecting bolts","authors":"Zhen Liu ,&nbsp;Ba Trung Cao ,&nbsp;Chen Xu ,&nbsp;Xian Liu ,&nbsp;Yong Yuan ,&nbsp;Günther Meschke","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to accurately evaluate the moment-rotation relationship for longitudinal joints and to thoroughly elucidate the role of connecting bolts on the mechanism of longitudinal joints subjected to compression-bending scenarios, a nonlinear semi-analytical joint model is developed. This model incorporates the nonlinear behavior of the concrete within the joint influence zone, as well as the contribution of connecting bolts, gaskets, and the contact deformation. The proposed semi-analytical model can simultaneously predict the distribution of the contact pressure, and the stress and deformation field in the vicinity of the joint as well as moment-rotation relationships for both bolted and boltless joints. According to the reference joint test and the proposed semi-analytical model, it is concluded that, under positive bending moment conditions, the load-bearing process of bolted joints can generally be divided into six stages separated by five characteristic points. A comparison of the response of bolted joints versus boltless joints reveals that connecting bolts can effectively delay the expansion of the detached surface, leading to a smoother distribution of the contact pressure, and lower peak contact pressure. The introduction of connecting bolts substantially contributes to maintaining the joint bending stiffness and enhancing the joint bearing capacity, providing bolted joints with greater resilience under environmental disturbances. The influence of the water-proofing gasket on joint behavior is also discussed. Furthermore, parametric analyses are conducted to explore the influence of bolt prestressing, bolt position, and bolt dimension on the mechanical behavior of bolted joints. Based on these findings, a joint design model, based on analytical expressions, is proposed to predict the <em>M-θ</em> relationships for both boltless and bolted joints considering multiple parameters, including axial force levels, bolt contribution, joint configuration, and contact deformation. The joint design model exhibits a high prediction accuracy compared with the semi-analytical joint model, while requiring only simple calculations by analytical equations. To facilitate real-world applications, a design tool based on the proposed joint design model has been developed, which enables efficient and reliable prediction of mechanical behavior of longitudinal joints in segmental tunnel linings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106601"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating fracture response characteristics and fractal evolution laws of pre-holed hard rock using infrared radiation: Implications for construction of underground works","authors":"Ze-Kun Zhang ,&nbsp;Jin-Xing Lai ,&nbsp;Zhan-ping Song ,&nbsp;Yong-Li Xie ,&nbsp;Jun-ling Qiu ,&nbsp;Yun Cheng ,&nbsp;Le Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a common defect in geotechnical environments, the fracture response characteristics of holes under complex loading directly affect the catastrophic evolution mode of subsurface rock engineering. In this study, the effect mechanism of different defects on the mechanical properties and fracture damage behavior of rocks was investigated by uniaxial compression test, and the rocks fracture evolution mode with different defects was revealed by infrared radiation technology. The distribution characteristics of rock fragments and the evolution law of fractal dimension were discussed, and a constitutive model of rock damage based on the fractal dimension of lumpiness was established. Based on the results of the indoor tests, recommendations were made for the construction of the underground works, including structural design, support measures and excavation methods. It is shown that different prefabricated defects greatly influence the mechanical properties and load-bearing behavior of the specimens. Stress concentration induces crack extension and penetration and ultimately affects the damage mode of the specimen. The infrared radiation technique can sensitively reflect the anomalous response characteristics of the specimen damage process from the perspective of the temperature field. The damaged fragments have significant fractal characteristics. The constitutive model based on the fractal dimension of the block can accurately reflect the mechanical properties of the specimen. It has been verified that the fracture-damage evolution model at the laboratory scale is highly similar to the characteristics of engineering disasters. Finally, useful recommendations were made for the design of underground works, supporting structures, and excavation methods. This study will support theoretical and experimental data to further reveal the mechanism of endogenous outreach from indoor experiments to the evolutionary patterns of underground engineering hazards and management measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106594"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction model of TBM response parameters based on a hybrid drive of knowledge and data","authors":"Min Yao ,&nbsp;Xu Li ,&nbsp;Yuan-en Pang ,&nbsp;Yu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction of tunnel boring machine (TBM) performance parameters and rock condition perception can effectively guide equipment construction. Relying on data from the Yinsong project in Jilin Province, China, this paper proposed two predictive models for TBM response parameters (cutterhead torque and total thrust): a data-driven model using only raw data and a hybrid drive of knowledge and data model (hybrid driven-model) incorporating derived parameters. This paper explored model optimization from input feature (<strong><em>X</em></strong>₁), dataset size, and machine learning algorithms to further compare the two models. Results demonstrate that the hybrid-driven model exhibits better learning efficiency, and its derived parameters in the input feature better reflect the surrounding rock conditions, thereby achieving high-precision prediction of response parameters. Additionally, in terms of surrounding rock feature extraction, selecting key rock fragmentation parameters randomly during the loading phase for 30 s as <strong><em>X</em></strong>₁ proves to be optimal. Regarding algorithms, deep learning algorithms further enhance predictive performance. The response parameter prediction model constructed in this paper can better extract surrounding rock conditions, laying a solid foundation for optimizing control parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106598"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-dynamic impact mechanism of complex spiral tunnel environments on driving behavior based on multi-source data fusion","authors":"Yizhao Wang ,&nbsp;Xuejian Kang ,&nbsp;Xingju Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Xuewei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complexity of spiral tunnels exacerbates driving safety risks, making it essential to elucidate the mechanisms of various factors to conduct effective research in this area. This study, based on the “road-driver-vehicle” feedback process, analyzed the impact mechanisms of three dimensions—road alignment, lighting environment, and traffic flow—on driver behavior and vehicle dynamics in spiral tunnels. Environmental variables were controlled in simulated driving experiments to conduct this study. First, the variation characteristics of driver visual and psychological behavior in spiral tunnel environments were analyzed. A driver cognitive load model was constructed to compare and analyze the impact mechanisms of environmental factors across the three dimensions of driver cognitive load and quantify their coupling weights. Second, an ARIMAX model was developed incorporating the exogenous variable of driver cognitive load to analyze its impact on vehicle operating conditions. Finally, an LSTM-SHAP model was employed for multivariate time series prediction of vehicle operating states. The model structure was explained from global and local perspectives to assess the influence of environmental factors on vehicle prediction outcomes. The analysis revealed that traffic flow (0.01) has the greatest impact on driver cognitive load, followed by lighting conditions (0.001), with road alignment having the smallest effect (10-⁵). Driver cognitive load has the greatest impact on vehicle acceleration (0.632), followed by speed (−0.234), with lane deviation having the smallest effect (−0.185). The influence of environmental factors on vehicle operating conditions exhibits a similar trend to their impact on driver cognitive load.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106584"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on strike failure characteristics of floor in a new type of pillarless gob-side entry retaining technology above confined water","authors":"Qiukai Gai ,&nbsp;Manchao He ,&nbsp;Shilong Li ,&nbsp;Yubing Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In deep mining, the traditional technology of gob-side entry retaining by backfilling (GERB) would result in an increased degree of floor damage due to high stress and existence of pillar filling bodies. Especially when the GERB is implemented above confined water, due to long continuous excavation distance and large range of mining disturbance, there is usually a higher risk of floor water inrush along strike direction. To reduce mining disturbance of floor and study failure characteristics along strike direction, this paper first introduces a new type of technology of roof-cutting and gob-side entry retaining without pillars (RGERP) above confined water. It includes its application principle, process flow, comprehensive prevention and control method of water inrush. Second, based on theory of additional stress and Mohr-Coulomb criterion, the theoretical model of the RGERP floor along strike direction is constructed, and the form, range of failure zone in 11005-working face are calculated by a typical engineering case. Then, to study lifting law of confined water in the RGERP, a similar simulation test system is designed, and inflow rate and cumulative volume at different positions are obtained. In addition, the coupled numerical model of FLAC-PFC^3D is established to verify the theoretical model and similar simulation results. Based on this, the floor damage zone of the RGERP is characterized by distribution characteristics of fractures between particles, and developmental characteristics of floor four zones of the RGERP are defined. Finally, the floor failure law is measured by using the drillhole direct current method. The maximum floor failure depth is determined by unfolding the apparent resistivity in space with different electrode distances. The results are compared to traditional empirical formula, which comprehensively verifies the effectiveness of the RGERP for floor failure reduction and the rationality of four zones division.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106596"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of spatiotemporal evolutionary patterns of metro networks based on K-means DTW Barycenter Averaging Clustering","authors":"Yizeng Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Hu ,&nbsp;Hao Chai ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding metro development patterns is crucial for cities to design efficient and well-connected transit networks. However, the heterogeneity in network scale and variations in development timelines pose challenges in identifying universal evolutionary patterns. This study introduces a hybrid clustering approach that integrates K-means with Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) Barycenter Averaging to analyze unequal-length time series data, revealing the spatiotemporal evolution of metro networks. Drawing on 24 years of data from 34 Chinese cities, we classify metro network development into four distinct patterns: Nascent, Emerging, Developing, and Mature. First-tier cities with Mature networks prioritize optimizing connectivity and station interrelations, focusing on topological evolution rather than mere expansion. Additionally, we examine the role of key structural components in shaping network topology. Our findings highlight the significance of strengthening transfer stations as hubs to enhance overall topological potential, while ring lines improve network reliability and ridership. Notably, establishing core structures at an early stage is critical, as later modifications yield diminishing improvements in topological performance. These insights offer valuable guidance for urban metro planning and policymaking, supporting the development of more resilient and efficient transit systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106589"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}