Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology最新文献

{"title":"Experimental study of rock-machine interaction responses in sandstone with distributed boreholes through TBM tunnelling test","authors":"Wei-Qiang Xie ,&nbsp;Xiao-Li Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Xiong Zhou ,&nbsp;Nai-Fu Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geological drilling is frequently used in the tunnelling process of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) to detect the engineering geology ahead the tunnel face. The presence of distributed borehole is considered as challenging geology, which affects the TBM tunnelling response. This study investigates the rock-machine interaction characteristics of TBM tunnelling in sandstone with distributed boreholes. Utilizing a novel tunnelling test platform, named DGTBM-A, comprehensive experiments were conducted on sandstone specimens with varying uniaxial compressive strengths (UCS) and different borehole distributions. The DGTBM-A platform can reveal the tunnelling process of TBM and record the tunnelling parameters in real-time. The experiments involve sandstone specimens with uniaxial compressive strengths (UCS) of 32 MPa (low), 61 MPa (medium), and 95 MPa (high). The medium strength specimens contain 0–4 symmetrically distributed boreholes (diameter = 50 mm, depth = 200 mm). The experiments aimed to understand the influence of the geological variables on rock-TBM interaction. The interaction was characterized by thrust, torque, penetration, as well as the characteristics of the produced rock muck. It finds that higher thrusts improved tunnelling efficiency by 200 % with thrust increasing from 20 to 70 kN, but specific energy consumption increases linearly (slope = 0.015 MJ/m³/kN). Distributed boreholes enhanced TBM tunnelling efficiency (advance rate increased by 47 % at 40 kN thrust) without significantly raising energy costs (specific energy raised 12 %), though the required torque rose substantially (about 30 %). Rocks with higher strength pose greater excavation challenges (field penetration index increased by 200 %), with lower advance rate and higher required torque. Rock muck analysis shows that larger thrusts and boreholes led to more effective rock breaking, producing a higher proportion of fine particles. This study provides an understanding of the rock-machine interaction involved in TBM tunnelling in rocks with distributed boreholes, which can inform the design and optimization of TBM operations in similar geological conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 106816"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Optimal intensity measures for fragility analysis of shallow circular subway tunnels subjected to Rayleigh waves” [Tunn. and Undergr. Space Technol. 159 (2025) 106478]","authors":"Ji Zhang, Hengyi Li, Chenyu Yan, Zigang Xu, Haiyang Zhuang, Baizan Tang, Guobo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2025.106809","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction method of ground settlement for rectangular tunnel construction","authors":"Da Hu,&nbsp;Jing Liu,&nbsp;Yongsuo Li,&nbsp;Ze Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In rectangular tunnel construction, the disturbance and damage mechanisms affecting the surrounding strata remain poorly understood, often leading to ground collapses, settlements, and other engineering hazards. Existing theories and methods for predicting ground settlement still lack sufficient accuracy. To address this issue, this paper proposes a prediction method for ground settlement during the construction of rectangular tunnels based on complex functions and the Maxwell–Betti work reciprocity theorem. Based on the Maxwell–Betti work reciprocity theorem, two distinct stress states of a two-dimensional rectangular tunnel are defined, leading to an explicit expression for ground loss. Through conformal transformation using the complex variable functions method, the rectangular tunnel is mapped to a circular tunnel, resulting in an explicit displacement solution for the tunnel body. Additionally, the Loganathan formula has been modified to extend its applicability to rectangular tunnels. By combining our ground loss expression with the Loganathan formula, we can predict the ground settlement caused by rectangular tunnel excavation. Finally, the proposed method was validated by comparing it with the results of four numerical models at different burial depths and other theoretical approaches. The method was also applied to five typical rectangular tunnel projects. By comparing the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between calculated and measured values, it was found that the predicted values in three of these projects were in closer agreement with the observed data. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively predict ground settlement caused by rectangular tunnel construction and exhibits high reliability in practical engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 106814"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of mechanical ventilation and heat exchange pipe system on heat transfer efficiency in high geothermal tunnel","authors":"Hongzhi Cui ,&nbsp;Chen Ding ,&nbsp;Changqing Xia ,&nbsp;Peng Peng ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Bao ,&nbsp;Xiangsheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposed an innovative integrated approach for cooling and collecting geothermal energy in high geothermal tunnels by deploying a heat exchange pipe (HEP) system. A numerical model for the excavated working face was formulated by utilizing on-site data from a plateau-high geothermal tunnel. The accuracy of the developed model was validated with field measurements of temperature. Subsequently, an analysis of the cooling effects through heat transfer was conducted considering mechanical ventilation by investigating the impact of the cooling mode, pipe spacing, pipe inner diameter, water circulation velocity, ventilation air velocity, surrounding rock temperature, and the distance between the ventilation pipe outlet and the excavation face. The results suggest that the abundant geothermal energy in high geothermal tunnels can be harvested using only pumps, which yield a relatively high coefficient of performance (COP). Furthermore, the ventilation airflow demonstrates the maximum cooling impact on the temperature of both the excavation surface as well as the surrounding air. The buried pipe system and the ventilation system together reduce the average air temperature from 30 °C to under 26 °C in just one hour. Based on a holistic assessment of heat exchange efficiency and energy efficiency ratio, the suggested pipe spacing is 1.5–3 m, with a recommended inner diameter of 50 mm for the HEPs alongside a suitable circulating water flow rate of 0.6–1 m/s.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 106815"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-uplift stability for CAES rock caverns in Hoek-Brown rock masses considering the location of crack initiation","authors":"Jia Pan ,&nbsp;Zhicheng Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The initiation and propagation of cracks induced by the high internal pressure affect the ultimate bearing capacity of underground rock caverns to a certain extent and then affect the uplift stability. Based on the limit analysis upper-bound theorem and the <em>σ_n-τ_n</em>-form Hoek-Brown (H-B) criterion, a limit analysis model for the uplift failure of circular rock caverns for compressed air energy storage (CAES) is established with the coupled mechanism of tensile crack initiation and shear-driven propagation, validated by numerical simulations and available analytical methods. When disturbance factor (<em>D</em> = 0), the positions of crack initiation are significantly influenced by the surrounding rock grade while being less affected by the cavern buried depth (H) and the rock’s uniaxial compressive strength (<em>σ_c</em>). The limit internal pressures in class-V to class-III surrounding rock masses are significantly influenced by <em>H</em>, while they are mainly affected by <em>σ_c</em> in class-II and class-I. When <em>D</em> ≠ 0, the positions of crack initiation in class-V to class-III are significantly affected by <em>D</em>, which is less influenced in class-II and class-I. The influence of rock disturbance on the limit internal pressure decreases with the increase in <em>H</em> and the grade of the surrounding rock masses, while increasing with the increase in <em>σ_c</em>. Diagnostic charts for the position of crack initiation and operating internal pressures are given. This study provides some new insights into the engineering design and assessment of operation risks for CAES underground rock caverns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 106784"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical calculation model of the soil arching effect considering tunnel influence","authors":"Rui-Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Dong Su ,&nbsp;Xing-Tao Lin ,&nbsp;Xiang-Sheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately determining the distribution of soil pressure influenced by tunnels is essential for ensuring the safe development of deep underground spaces. This study presents a theoretical calculation model based on limit equilibrium theory to calculate the soil arching effect considering tunnel influence, which comprises an end-bearing arch, a frictional arch, and a stable zone. Depending on the spacing between the tunnel and the trapdoor, the model is further classified into two types: independent arch and interaction arch. A comparative analysis with previous numerical simulations and theoretical models confirmed the accuracy of the proposed model, as it reliably predicts the central stress on the trapdoor and effectively captures the overall stress distribution. The vertical stress on the tunnel is significantly influenced by the internal friction angle, burial depth, and trapdoor width, while the differential soil arching ratio across the width of the trapdoor decreases as the distance from its centerline increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 106807"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Above-crossing tunneling effects on existing twin tunnels in soft clay with an anisotropic egg-shaped elastoplastic model","authors":"Luying Ju ,&nbsp;Xinying Fang ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhu ,&nbsp;Yanli Tao ,&nbsp;Riqing Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of inherent soil anisotropy on the mechanical response of existing twin tunnels under the effect of above-crossing twin tunneling in soft clay regions, using the anisotropic egg-shaped elastoplastic (AESE) constitutive model and ABAQUS for three-dimensional numerical simulations. The model evaluates the displacement, axial force, bending moment, and shear force distributions of existing twin tunnels after two overcrossing events. Validated with field data, results show a strong correlation between soil anisotropy and maximum heave of the existing tunnels. An empirical model is developed for the relationship between axial force and soil anisotropy. The findings suggest that when the soil anisotropic tensor exceeds 0.4, tensile stress may develop at the tunnel crown, and slight changes in anisotropy lead to significant variations in bending moments and shear forces, especially at the tunnel side walls. However, the degree of inherent soil anisotropy has a greater impact on tunnel deformation than on the bearing capacity of the tunnel bending structure. This research offers a refined framework for predicting twin tunnel behavior during overcrossing construction, with implications for urban subway system design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 106817"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A full-ring mechanical model of shield tunnels considering detailed joint configurations","authors":"Si-Qi Yang ,&nbsp;Huai-Na Wu ,&nbsp;Hong-Zhan Cheng ,&nbsp;Dong-Lin Feng ,&nbsp;Ren-Peng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shield tunnels are segmentally assembled structures with joints, which are predominant factors affecting tunnel deformation and waterproofing performance. Detailed joint configurations (sealing gasket grooves, caulking grooves, etc) profoundly influence the full-ring mechanical behavior of shield tunnels. However, the existing analytical model usually ignores the detailed joint configurations. This paper proposed a full-ring mechanical model of shield tunnels considering detailed joint configurations. In this model, the tunnel is modeled as a multi-hinged circular ring, and joint behavior is characterized by a full-process analytical model incorporating detailed joint configurations. The proposed model effectively captures the influence of detailed joint configurations on tunnel mechanical behavior including the internal force and deformation of both global full-ring and local joints, and is validated through a series of case histories. Furthermore, parametric studies show that: (1) The tunnel with the outer-side arrangement of double sealing gaskets exhibits higher leakage risks in the hogging moment zone and demonstrates greater convergence deformation compared to both-side arrangement. (2) Bolt height elevation enlarges internal joint openings while reducing external openings. Convergence exhibits a U-shaped relationship with bolt height, minimizing at 0.5<em>H</em>∼0.54<em>H</em>. (3) Convergence deformation and joint openings escalate with sealing gasket distancing from the joint external edge, whereas gasket deformation slightly changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 106808"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding aerosol pollutant generation in wet-mix shotcrete for tunnel construction","authors":"Kun-Hua Liu ,&nbsp;Shu Wang ,&nbsp;Jia-Wei Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhen Guo ,&nbsp;Sheng-nan Ou ,&nbsp;Long-Zhe Jin ,&nbsp;Jun-yong Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wet-mix shotcrete (WMS), widely used in tunnel construction, is a major aerosol pollutant source. Aerosol pollutants pose health risks and negatively impact operations, increasing maintenance costs and construction delays. However, understanding aerosol generation and mechanisms during WMS remains inadequate. This study focuses on two key factors: concrete slump and air pressure, which directly influence the jet flow characteristics. Through detailed observation of jet formation, the breakup and atomization patterns of the jet, as well as the size and the mass concentration of the resulting aerosol pollutants, were analyzed. A lubricating layer was formed near the pipe wall during effective pulsating flow. This layer undergoes fragmentation during the primary breakup stage, followed by atomization under air shear force at the secondary breakup stage. As concrete slump and air pressure increase, the jet pattern transitions from a non-effective slug flow to a primary breakup dominated flow, eventually to a secondary breakup dominated flow. The spread angle and fragment ratio of the jet exhibited a positive correlation with the concrete slump and air pressure. Notably, the main generation of aerosol pollutants occurred at the secondary breakup stage. The total and respiration concentration of aerosol pollutants in the secondary breakup dominated flow were 4.5 % and 4 % higher, respectively, than in the primary breakup dominated flow. This study provides valuable insights into the aerosol generation during WMS, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms and facilitating a better understanding and management of the associated risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 106818"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of BART’s Berkeley Hills tunnel to fault displacement and impact on system functionality","authors":"Esra Zengin,&nbsp;Yousef Bozorgnia,&nbsp;Jonathan P. Stewart","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tust.2025.106813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Critical nodes in transportation networks, such as major transit tunnels and interchange stations, are vital for maintaining system functionality following a disruptive event such as a large earthquake. This study evaluates the seismic resilience of BART’s Berkeley Hills Tunnel that passes through the Hayward Fault, which is a high-activity strike-slip fault. The Hayward Fault poses a significant risk, with the potential for a magnitude 7 + earthquake that could severely impact the tunnel, potentially disrupting BART service and affecting the broader transit network. Considering a probabilistic distribution of fault rupture displacements, we assess the resulting tunnel damage. We also evaluate the likelihood of service interruptions caused by potential Hayward Fault events. The results indicate that the tunnels may experience minor to significant damage depending on the amplitude of the fault displacement, which can lead to repair times ranging from a few weeks to over a year.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49414,"journal":{"name":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 106813"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}