Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Anatomical risk factors for descending necrotizing mediastinitis in deep neck infections.","authors":"Ozan Kuduban, Ali Bilal Ulas","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-6-6","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-6-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is among the most severe complications of deep neck infections (DNI), and the anatomical pathways that predispose to mediastinal extension remain incompletely characterized in large cohorts. We aimed to identify the anatomical risk factors associated with DNM in patients with DNI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 496 consecutive patients hospitalized with DNI at a tertiary referral center between January 2015 and December 2025. Demographic data, the anatomical site of infection, the radiological dissemination pattern, surgical management, and clinical outcomes were analyzed, and patients who developed DNM were compared with those without mediastinal extension. DNM was diagnosed using the modified Estrera criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DNM developed in 9 of 496 patients (1.81%). Retropharyngeal space involvement was identified in 6 DNM cases (66.7%): An isolated retropharyngeal abscess in 4 patients (44.4%) and a combined retropharyngeal-parapharyngeal abscess in 2 patients (22.2%); the remaining cases arose from a parapharyngeal abscess, Ludwig's angina, and a peritonsillar abscess (1 each, 11.1%). Although retropharyngeal abscess represented only 14 of 496 DNI cases (2.8%), it was the source of 44.4% of all DNM cases. Posterior mediastinal extension through the danger space was demonstrated in every retropharyngeal case. Diabetes mellitus was present in 2 DNM patients (22.2%). All 9 patients underwent aggressive surgical drainage and survived.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Retropharyngeal space involvement is the principal anatomical pathway for mediastinal extension in DNI. Early contrast-enhanced computed tomography and prompt multidisciplinary surgical drainage are essential to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"459-463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148413535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric insights in thoracic surgery for adults and children: A narrative review.","authors":"Ulaş Kumbasar, Ayşe Ali Hasan, Yiğit Yılmaz, Berker Duman, Hakan Kumbasar","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.28807","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.28807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thoracic surgery, encompassing procedures on the lungs, esophagus, mediastinum, and chest wall, carries substantial psychiatric implications that influence outcomes, recovery, and long-term quality of life in adult and pediatric patients. This review synthesizes global evidence on the prevalence and clinical relevance of mental health issues throughout the perioperative period. In adults, preoperative anxiety and depression correlate with increased complications and readmissions, supporting routine screening and optimization of modifiable factors such as substance use and sleep disorders. Postoperatively, priorities include delirium prevention and management of post traumatic stress disorder and body-image distress, especially after extensive resections. Pediatric care demands tailored strategies, focusing on separation anxiety, perioperative preparation with child-life specialists, and recognition of emergence delirium. Overall, integrating psychiatry and enhanced recovery after surgery protocols that address mental health is essential for recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"428-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147463596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two acquired causes of acute aortic wall insufficiency: Inflammation and medial degeneration.","authors":"İhsan Alur","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-7-33","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-7-33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"379-380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Risk factors of hemoptysis recurrence after BAE.","authors":"Antonio M Esquinas, Ghazal Roostaei, Arda Kiani","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.28685","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.28685","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"468-469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148139516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovascular treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic pathologies using 3D printer-assisted physician-modified stent-grafts.","authors":"Ahmet Kayan, Evren Özçınar, Nur Dikmen, Salih Anıl Boğa, Fatma Akça, Emre Can Çelebioğlu, Levent Yazıcıoğlu, Sadık Bilgiç","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-1-25","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-1-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs) and dissections are among the most challenging vascular diseases. Endovascular interventions have gained prominence in the treatment of these diseases in recent years. However, the frequent involvement of the visceral or supra-aortic artery ostia in the proximal or distal landing zone increases the complexity of the procedure. Therefore, several techniques have been developed to address this challenge. In this study, we present our experience with thoracic endovascular aortic repair using three-dimensional (3D) printer-assisted physician-modified stent-grafts (PMSGs) for thoracoabdominal aortic pathologies involving the left subclavian artery, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, or renal arteries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2020 and January 2023, a total of 18 patients presenting with complex aortic pathologies were screened for eligibility. Four patients were excluded because of active systemic infection/mycotic etiology (n=2) or unsuitable iliofemoral access (n=2). Consequently, 14 patients (12 with TAAAs and 2 with aortic arch dissections) were treated using 3D printer-assisted PMSGs. All aortic arch dissections extended to the left subclavian artery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen patients underwent surgery with 3D printing guidance. The technical success rate was 92.8%. There were no perioperative deaths. The mean age was 68.07±10.6 years. The mean procedure time was 4.27±1.23 hours, including a mean custom graft preparation time of 1.3±0.6 hours. The mean intensive care unit stay was 5.64±11.54 days, and the mean hospital stay was 13.07±10.6 days. All 14 patients were followed for 2-12 months, with a mean follow-up of 6 months. Mortality occurred in 1 patient (7.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 3D printer-assisted PMSG technique offers significant technical advantages by improving procedural precision and simplifying the creation of fenestrations for complex aortic pathologies. Our findings suggest that this technique provides a high technical success rate and represents a safe and feasible alternative for preserving vital side branches, particularly in settings where patient-specific custom-made grafts are not readily available.</p>","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"394-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148473852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical strategy and outcomes in renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor extension: A tertiary center experience.","authors":"Berk Arapi, Çiğdem Tel Üstünışık, Ozan Onur Balkanay, Uğur Dikkaş, Elif Çiftçi, Çetin Demirdağ, Serkan Burç Deşer, Deniz Göksedef, Suat Nail Ömeroğlu, Gökhan İpek","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-3-7","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-3-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) may extend into the inferior vena cava (IVC) and, in advanced cases, into the right atrium. Radical nephrectomy with IVC thrombectomy remains the mainstay of treatment; however, the role of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in advanced tumor thrombus remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the surgical and early oncologic outcomes of patients with RCC and IVC tumor thrombus and to assess the impact of CPB on perioperative outcomes while cautiously interpreting the findings because of the limited sample size.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 22 consecutive patients who underwent synchronous radical nephrectomy and IVC thrombectomy between 2009 and 2025 at a tertiary referral center. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I (n=8), who underwent surgery with CPB (± total circulatory arrest), and Group II (n=14), who underwent surgery without CPB. Tumor thrombus level was classified according to the Mayo clinic classification system. Operative variables, perioperative complications, recurrence rates, and survival outcomes were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Level II thrombus was the most common presentation, whereas all Level IV cases required CPB. Operative time was significantly longer in the CPB group (267.5±121.4 vs. 190.4±38.7 minutes, p=0.038). Postoperative bleeding was significantly greater in Group I (p=0.001), whereas transfusion requirements, intensive care unit stay, and total hospital stay did not differ significantly between the groups. Perioperative mortality occurred in two patients (25%) in the CPB group and in none in Group II (p=0.16). The overall recurrence rate was 45% and was significantly higher in Group I (p=0.002). The overall 1-year survival rate was 77.2%, with no significant difference between the groups (p=0.12).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Radical nephrectomy with IVC thrombectomy may provide acceptable perioperative and early survival outcomes in patients with RCC and venous tumor extension. In this limited series, the use of CPB in patients with advanced tumor thrombus did not appear to significantly increase overall morbidity and may improve operative safety in technically demanding cases. Nevertheless, the interpretation of these findings is limited by the unequal distribution of disease stage between the two groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"401-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148521403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary bypass for acute coronary syndrome in severe hemophilia A.","authors":"Halime Tanrıverdi, Ramazan Aşık, Olgu Erkin Çınar, Elif Durak Ediboğlu","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-7-38","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-7-38","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"374-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of revascularization of lower extremity arterial disease on cardiac diastolic functions.","authors":"İsmail Balaban, Kenan Toprak, Seda Tanyeri, Ahmet Karaduman, Ali Karagöz, Elnur Alizade, Selçuk Pala, Mehmet Kaan Kırali","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2025-12-19","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2025-12-19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is a systemic atherosclerotic condition associated with increased arterial stiffness, impaired ventricular-arterial coupling, and a higher prevalence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). Although endovascular revascularization improves limb perfusion, its early effects on echocardiographic indices of LVDD function and their clinical significance remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate early changes in selected echocardiographic indices of LVDD function following successful revascularization in patients with LEAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective single-center study included 74 patients who underwent endovascular revascularization for aortoiliac or femoropopliteal disease. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed 24-48 hours before and 48-120 hours after the intervention. Diastolic indices, including e' velocity, E/e' ratio, isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), and IVRT/TE-e' ratio, were measured according to American Society of Echocardiography/EACVI guidelines. Longitudinal changes were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models incorporating lesion location and lesion laterality as covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant early changes were observed in selected diastolic parameters following revascularization. Mitral annular e' velocity increased from 7.91±2.43 to 8.69±2.35 cm/s (p=0.036), while the E/e' ratio decreased from 8.97±2.44 to 7.53±2.27 (p<0.001). IVRT (p=0.029) and the IVRT/TE-e' ratio (p=0.018) also decreased significantly. No changes were observed in blood pressure, heart rate, or left ventricular systolic function. Lesion location did not influence changes in e' velocity or E/e' ratio; however, aortoiliac disease was associated with a greater reduction in the IVRT/TE-e' ratio (p=0.021). Lesion laterality did not affect diastolic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Successful endovascular revascularization in patients with LEAD was associated with early changes in selected echocardiographic indices of LVDD. The clinical significance of these changes and whether they translate into long-term outcomes warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"387-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence for improving cardiovascular surgery training: A multiyear national exam analysis.","authors":"Bedirhan Buğra Bayıcı, Fatih Kızılyel, Hatice Şahin, Yüksel Atay, Mehmet Kaplan, Murat Sargın, Murat Bülent Rabuş","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-2-40","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-2-40","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular surgery residency training requires the integration of extensive theoretical knowledge with advanced visuospatial reasoning and technical skills. This study analyzed data from the National Resident Assessment Examinations conducted by the Turkish Society of Cardiovascular Surgery (TSCVS) Board to identify specific training domains in which residents experience the greatest challenges. Furthermore, it explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to support theoretical knowledge acquisition, thereby enabling residents to devote more time to developing visuospatial reasoning and operative decision-making skills.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective observational study, 300 multiple-choice questions from six National Resident Assessment Examinations conducted by the TSCVS Board between 2023 and 2025 were analyzed. Residents were categorized into Junior (13-30 months) and Senior (31-48 months) cohorts according to residency duration. The same questions were answered by the ChatGPT 5.2 model using a zero-shot approach, and AI and resident performances were statistically compared. Questions were also categorized according to topic and cognitive domain, and visual questions were further subclassified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Residents achieved a mean examination score of 58.1±11.8, whereas the AI model significantly outperformed the residents, achieving a score of 81.3±6.4 (p<0.001). Junior and Senior residents demonstrated relatively similar mean scores (60.6 vs. 55.6). AI showed high and consistent performance on text-based and guideline-oriented questions; however, its performance declined on examinations requiring visuospatial reasoning and angiographic interpretation. This trend suggests that visually oriented clinical reasoning remains a challenging domain for both human trainees and AI models. AI performance was highest on clinical management and guideline-based questions, whereas lower accuracy was observed on imaging-based and inferencedriven questions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that AI may serve as a valuable educational adjunct for theoretical knowledge acquisition, potentially allowing greater emphasis on simulation-based visuospatial reasoning and operative decision-making skills during residency training.</p>","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"358-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of surgical approaches to segmentectomy in lung cancer: A survey study.","authors":"Levent Cansever, Melek Erk, Aylin Canavar, Ahmet Ubeyd Bozan, Ali Murat Akçıl, Aslı Gül Akgül","doi":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-2-47","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjtcs.2026.2026-2-47","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;In early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), segmentectomy has been shown to provide oncologic outcomes comparable to lobectomy and superior functional results, particularly for peripheral solid and subsolid nodules measuring ≤2 cm, as demonstrated by the JCOG0802 and CALGB/Alliance 140503 trials. However, translating these findings into routine clinical practice is constrained by the surgeon's experience, knowledge base, and available technological resources. This study aimed to examine thoracic surgeons' perspectives on segmentectomy, their surgical preferences, and the factors influencing their decision-making processes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study was conducted using an anonymous, multiple-choice, scenario-based online survey administered to thoracic surgeons actively practicing in Türkiye who had participated in at least one segmentectomy. The survey comprised five sections: (1) Participant profile, (2) perception of surgical risk, (3) preferences based on clinical scenarios, (4) lymph node dissection practices, and (5) the impact of technological resources. All survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Continuous variables were presented as mean or median (range), while categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Cross-tabulations and trend analyses were performed to explore associations between clinical scenarios and surgical preferences. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 118 surgeons participated. The mean duration of surgical experience was 15.8 years. The average annual number of lung resections was 137.6 (median 80; range 30-4000), and the mean annual number of segmentectomies was 24.4 (range 5-350). Of all resections, 65% were performed using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Among participants, 94.8% reported using intraoperative frozen-section analysis, 33.9% used three-dimensional modeling, and 19.1% used indocyanine green technology. Technical infrastructure was reported to influence decision-making by 36.8% of surgeons directly. The most influential decision-making factors were tumor size (73.7%), lymph node status (69.8%), tumor location (57.6%), and functional capacity (53.4%). In clinical scenarios, segmentectomy was preferred in 68.6% of cases with ground-glass opacity-dominant nodules. In patients with solid nodules and low functional reserve, segmentectomy was selected in 47.0% of participants, while lobectomy was chosen in 45%. In semisolid nodules, the size of the solid component was the determining factor in 65.3% of responses. When spread through air spaces (STAS) was detected with negative margins and N0 disease, 46.6% recommended surveillance, whereas 93.2% recommended completion lobectomy when surgical margins were suspicious with tumor contact at the stapler line. The absence of systematic lymph node dissection was ","PeriodicalId":49413,"journal":{"name":"Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"452-458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}