Veterinaria Mexico最新文献

{"title":"Ovicidal activity of four bioactive plant extracts against the cattle nematode, Cooperia spp. multi-resistant strain","authors":"E. V. S. Fernex, M. A. Diaz, P. M. Gives, B. V. L. Mora, A. Zamilpa, Manases González Cortasar","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.2016.3.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.2016.3.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análisis del genoma de un virus atípico de influenza aviar H5N2 de baja patogenicidad de origen mexicano","authors":"G. Hernandez, Fernando Chávez Maya, Edith Rojas Anaya, E. L. Rubio, Gary García Espinosa","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.3.2.363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.3.2.363","url":null,"abstract":"espanolWe analysed the genome of a low-pathogenic avian H5N2 influenza virus isolated from the faeces of experimentally infected Pekin ducks and Leghorn-type chickens to determine its origin and molecular characteristics. The complete genomic sequence was determined using a Sanger-based genome sequencing method and was subsequently characterized by phylogenetic analysis and genetic comparison. The results of this study showed that 8 genomic segments corresponded to an avian influenza virus that were related with strains isolated in Mexico. Investigation of the haemagglutinin gene revealed the presence of few basic amino acids at the cleavage site and lack of a potential N-glycosylation site at position 11. The gene encoding the PB1 protein lacked PB1-F2 and the basic polymerase gene codes for PA-X. In addition, the basic polymerase gene contained the consensus ribosomal frameshifting motif TCC TTT CGT C, which is required for the expression of the PA-X. Molecular characteristics showed that the virus has features of a low-pathogenic H5 influenza virus with the exception of a potential N-glycosylation site at position 11. The genome information for this particular virus will provide a molecular map for further in vivo studies to identify why some influenza viruses can persist in chickens for long periods of time. Such information will be useful in countries such as Mexico, where the virus has been a poultry health problem since 1994 and has the potential to evolve high pathogenicity MultipleEste estudio analizo el genoma de un virus de influenza aviar H5N2, aislado de heces de pollos tipo Leghorn y patos Pekin, infectados experimentalmente para conocer su origen y caracteristicas moleculares. La secuencia completa del genoma del virus se obtuvo por medio del metodo de secuenciacion de Sanger, una vez obtenida la secuencia, se caracterizo mediante comparacion genetica y analisis filogenetico. Los resultados del analisis mostraron que los ocho segmentos del genoma estan relacionados con virus aislados en Mexico. El analisis del gen de la hemoaglutinina revelo que codifica para pocos aminoacidos basicos en el sitio de corte y quiza carece de un sitio de glicosilacion en la posicion once. El gen que codifica para la proteina PB1 carece del fragmento PB1-F2, asi como en el gen de la PA se encuentra el fragmento PA-X. Tambien se observo, que el gen de la polimerasa contiene la secuencia consenso del ribosoma TCC TTT CGT C, requerida para la expresion de PA-X. Las caracteristicas moleculares demostraron que el virus corresponde a un virus de baja patogenicidad del subtipo H5 con excepcion del posible sitio once de glicosilacion. La informacion del genoma para esta cepa del virus, proveera un mapa molecular para futuros estudios in vivo que puedan contribuir a conocer por que algunos virus de influenza aviar persisten en los pollos por periodos prolongados. Esta informacion puede ser de utilidad en paises como Mexico, donde el virus ha estado en la avicul","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A single neonatal administration of soybean oil and/or tamoxifen affects permanently the testis histomorphology in adult rats.","authors":"Alicia González-González, E. González-Padilla, F. Fierro-Fierro, M. D. L. Juárez-Mosqueda, J. Pérez-Rivero, M. Vergara-Onofre","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.3.2.364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.3.2.364","url":null,"abstract":"Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Gonzalez Gonzalez A, Gonzalez Padilla E, Fierro Fierro F, Juarez Mosqueda M de L, Perez Rivero JJ, Vergara Onofre M. A single neonatal administration of soybean oil and/or tamoxifen affects permanently the testis histomorphology in adult rats. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2016;3(2). doi: 10.21753/vmoa.3.2.364 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of tamoxifen (Tx) and its vehicle, soybean oil (SO), during the critical period of hypothalamic sexual differentiation in newborn male rats, regarding gonadal histomorphology during adulthood. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 5 each). An hour after birth, one group was treated subcutaneously with 200 μg of Tx, using commercial SO (20 uL) as a vehicle; another group was treated with only 20 μL of SO; the control group received no treatment. All rats were weighed and sacrificed by cervical dislocation on day 90 post-treatment. Testicles were removed, weighed and processed for histological evaluation. The single administration of Tx and/or SO during the critical period of sexual differentiation of the hypothalamus permanently altered testicular histomorphology, spermatogenesis, and body weight in adulthood. Alterations included vacuolization and reduction in the number of spermatogonia and Sertoli cells. The administration of Tx reduced the testicular weight, the diameter and area of the seminiferous tubules, and the height of the germinal epithelium, and increased the intertubular space. Soybean oil by itself reduced the number of spermatocytes and spermatids more than Tx did. There was no effect on the number of Leydig cells. The possibility that soybean oil can act as an endocrine disruptor deserves greater attention and opens the possibility for the development of new methods of pest control. Figure 1. Representative hematoxylin-eosin-stained histological sections of testicles collected from the control group (A y B), rats treated with SO (C y D) and rats treated with Tx (E y F). A, C and E, 200X. B, D and F, 400X. T: Tubule. LC: Leydig cells. Histological changes induced by Tx and/or SO treatments can be observed. Black arrows point to the largest intertubular space. White arrows in E and F indicate the ungrouping of the LC. Asterisks indicate the vacuoles in the seminiferous tubules.","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21753/VMOA.3.2.364","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of agreement in the recognition of pain among equine practitioners in Chile","authors":"Daniela Luna-Fernández, José-Manuel Yáñez-López, T. Tadich-Gallo","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.3.1.356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.3.1.356","url":null,"abstract":"Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Luna Fernandez D, Yanez Lopez JM, Tadich Gallo TA. Level of agreement in the recognition of pain among equine practitioners in Chile. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2016;3(1). doi: 10.21753/vmoa.3.1.356 Pain is a relevant component of animal welfare, and its appropriate recognition is essential for the establishment of effective analgesic therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the level of agreement in the recognition of pain in equines among veterinarians (equine practitioners). The effects of gender and age on pain recognition were also studied. The equine practitioners were asked to use a simple descriptive scale to score 25 digital color photographs of horses experiencing different painful conditions. The kappa coefficient for multiple raters was used to determine the degree of agreement. Descriptive statistics was used to estimate the severity of the pain, and the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test was used to determine the effect of the rater’s gender and age. Thirty-four equine practitioners replied to the questionnaire. A poor level of agreement between equine practitioners was found (global kappa = 0.2871, CI 95% = 0.2032-0.3702); the agreement was stronger for those painful conditions with higher scores (maximum pain). No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found for pain scoring in relation to the practitioner’s age and gender. This study is the first in Chile to explore the level of agreement in the recognition of pain in equines. It emphasizes the poor level of agreement between equine practitioners in the recognition of pain, which could compromise the establishment of appropriate analgesic treatments and result in poor animal welfare. Further studies are required to determine and promote understanding of the factors affecting veterinarians’attitudes towards the recognition and management of pain in equine species. Figure 1. Photograph used in the questionnaire for evaluating pain perception using a simple descriptive scale (SDS). To qualify the intensity of pain the respondents clicked on the number that represented the pain level they perceived as described in the SDS: 1 = No pain, 2 = Mild pain, 3 = Moderate pain, 4 = Severe pain, 5 = Maximum pain.","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2016-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21753/VMOA.3.1.356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El Mycobacterium avium subesp. paratuberculosis disminuye la regulación de la expresión del ARNm de la ferroportina 1 en los macrófagos inducidos con hierro","authors":"B. L. Sánchez, José Ángel Gutiérrez Pabello, Gerardo Enrique Medina Basulto, T. R. Evangelista, E. D. Aparicio, S. Oshima","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.3.1.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.3.1.361","url":null,"abstract":"Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Landeros Sanchez B, Gutierrez Pabello JA, Medina Basulto GE, Renteria Evangelista TB, Diaz Aparicio E, Oshima S. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis down-regulates mRNA expression of iron-induced macrophage Ferroportin 1. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2016;3(1). doi: 10.21753/vmoa.3.1.361 Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease. The mechanisms by which MAP is able to adapt to the innate host response are still unclear. We examined Ferroportin 1 (FPN1) mRNA expression levels via real-time PCR of the mouse macrophage cell line J774 that was incubated in the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) or MAP crude protein extract. Infection with live MAP decreased FPN1 mRNA levels in a multiplicity of infection (MOI)-dependent fashion. Macrophages infected with MOIs of 20:1 and 15:1 did not show any change in FPN1 gene expression, whereas MOIs of 10:1 and 5:1 induced a decrease of 50 and 80%, respectively. Macrophages treated with 50, 100, 150 and 200 µg/mL of MAP crude extract (ATCC19698) decreased FPN1 mRNA expression by 25%. Additionally, up-regulation of FPN1 mRNA by an iron overload treatment of 400 µM of ferric nitrilotriacetate (FeNTA) was abrogated by live MAP (MOI 20:1) by approximately 70%. Our data revealed an inhibitory effect of MAP on FPN1 mRNA and suggested a bacterial mechanism that may play a role in host iron regulation. Figure 1. Infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) down-regulates macrophage fpn1 gene expression. Murine macrophages, J774, were infected with MAP at different multiplicities of infection (MOIs) for 6 hours. Total RNA was extracted and gene expression was measured by real-time PCR. Results were normalized to GAPDH and expressed as units of relative expression (URE). Results are the mean ± standard deviation of 3 independent experiments with 3 replicates each. Statistical significance, P = 0.05.","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21753/VMOA.3.1.361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asociación histológica con factores potenciales de riesgo y tiempo de sobrevida en el tumor mamario canino","authors":"Y. Salas, E. Aburto, R. A. Alonso, A. Márquez, Hortensia Corona, L. Romero","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.3.1.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.3.1.359","url":null,"abstract":"The epidemiological and clinicopathological features of canine mammary tumors may provide valuable information to facilitate analysis of the behavior of the disease and represent a potential tool for the study of breast cancer in women. The aim of this study was to associate the histological features of canine mammary tumors with potential risk factors and survival. One hundred and seventy-eight mammary tumors were collected from 80 female dogs. The statistical analyses consisted of a series of univariate studies and frequencies of the different study variables, such as a bivariate analysis with the Chi squared test ( X 2 ), a relative risk and Kaplan Meier survival analysis, and a multiple correspondence analysis was used to correlate the tumor’s biological behavior with the dogs’ breed. Most patients were older than 8 years and had at least one malignant tumor, which was usually solitary and measured more than 6 cm; these patients had poor survival. The most frequent tumors were a complex adenoma, benign mixed tumor, carcinoma complex and mixed type carcinoma. The most commonly affected breeds were Poodle, Cocker Spaniel and Dachshund, and the breeds at the highest risk of tumor development were Cocker Spaniel, Labrador Retriever and German Shepherd. Overall, the data indicated that mammary tumors in dogs mainly affected older females with malignant tumors and that there were high mortality and short-term survival rates. However, the most commonly affected breeds were not necessarily the most susceptible. Our data do not support the hypothesis of an increased risk of canine mammary tumors in nulliparous female dogs.","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2016-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21753/VMOA.3.1.359","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tasa de ovulación, prolificidad y tasa de gestación en cabras tratadas con glicerol por vía oral","authors":"Ubaldo Aguilar, J. H. Cerón, Yesmín Domínguez, C. G. Gutiérrez","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.3.1.360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.3.1.360","url":null,"abstract":"Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Aguilar U, Hernandez Ceron J, Dominguez Y, Gutierrez C. Ovulation rate, prolificacy and pregnancy rate in goats treated with oral glycerol. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2016;3(1). doi: 10.21753/vmoa.3.1.360 This study tested whether the oral administration of glycerol at the time of progestin removal and in the first 6 days of the estrous cycle increased the ovulation rate, prolificacy, and pregnancy rate in goats. Intravaginal sponges impregnated with fluorogestone acetate were inserted into 129 goats for 12 days; upon sponge removal, goats were randomly assigned to one of the two following treatment groups: the glycerol group (n = 65), which received an oral drench of 100 mL of glycerol upon sponge removal and was repeated on days 0, 2, 4, and 6 following estrus (estrus = day 0), and the control group (n = 64), which did not receive glycerol. The goats in estrus were mated, and their ovulation rate was determined by ultrasonography between days 8 and 12 of the estrous cycle. Pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasonography on day 40, and the prolificacy was determined at birth. In 6 goats treated with glycerol and 5 controls, their insulin concentrations at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 h after the glycerol drench were determined by radioimmunoassay. The proportion of goats with multiple ovulations (glycerol = 71 vs control = 64) and the proportion of goats with multiple births (glycerol = 52 vs control = 56) were similar (P > 0.05) between treatments. Likewise, the pregnancy rate was similar (P > 0.05) between treatments (glycerol = 88 vs control = 85%). The insulin concentrations tended to be higher in goats treated with glycerol (P = 0.08). In conclusion, an oral drench of 100 mL of glycerol at the time of progestin withdrawal and in the first 6 days of the estrous cycle did not increase the ovulation rate, prolificacy, or pregnancy rate in goats. Figure 1. A schematic overview of the treatments.","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2016-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21753/VMOA.3.1.360","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concordancia entre médicos veterinarios que trabajan en Chile en el reconocimiento del dolor en equinos","authors":"D. Fernández, Tamara Alejandra Tadich Gallo, José Manuel Yañez López","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.2016.3.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.2016.3.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Pain is a relevant component of animal welfare, and its appropriate recognition is essential for the establishment of effective analgesic therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the level of agreement in the recognition of pain in equines among veterinarians (equine practitioners). The effects of gender and age on pain recognition were also studied. The equine practitioners were asked to use a simple descriptive scale to score 25 digital color photographs of horses experiencing different painful conditions. The kappa coefficient for multiple raters was used to determine the degree of agreement. Descriptive statistics was used to estimate the severity of the pain, and the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test was used to determine the effect of the rater’s gender and age. Thirty-four equine practitioners replied to the questionnaire. A poor level of agreement between equine practitioners was found (Global kappa=0.2871, CI 95%= 0.2032-0.3702); the agreement was stronger for those painful conditions with higher scores (maximum pain). No significant differences (P>0.05) were found for pain scoring in relation to the practitioner’s age and gender. This study is the first in Chile to explore the level of agreement in the recognition of pain in equines. It emphasizes the poor level of agreement between equine practitioners in the recognition of pain, which could compromise the establishment of appropriate analgesic treatments and result in poor animal welfare. Further studies are required to determine and promote understanding of the factors affecting veterinarians’ attitudes towards the recognition and management of pain in equine species.","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2016-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Africanización de colonias de abejas melíferas (Apis mellifera) en tres regiones climáticas del norte de México","authors":"C. Flores, Ernesto Guzmán Novoa, Mollah Md. Hamiduzzaman, J. Soto, Marco Antonio López Carlos","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.2015.2.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.2015.2.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to analyze the process of Africanization of managed honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) colonies by determining the frequency of African and European morphotypes and mitotypes ( mt DNA) in three different ecological environments of northern Mexico. Colonies (n= 151) were sampled in 1) temperate semi-dry; 2) semi-warm semi-dry; and 3) temperate sub-humid regions in the state of Zacatecas. The mt DNA type was determined by PCR-RFLP and the morphotype by the Fast Africanized Bee Identification System (FABIS). Out of all the colonies sampled in all areas, the mt DNA analysis showed a significantly higher frequency of European maternal lineage (77.5%) than of African maternal lineage (22.5%; P <0.0001). The morphometric analysis classified 47% of the colonies as European and 42.4% of them as Africanized. The frequency of colonies with African or European mitotypes and morphotypes varied significantly between regions (P <0.05) with results indicating a higher degree of Africanization in the semi-warm semi-dry region. Conversely, the highest frequency of colonies with the European morphotype and mitotype occurred in the temperate semi-dry region. These results suggest that the environment affects the degree of Africanization of honey bee colonies in northern Mexico. Colonies established at higher altitudes and in more temperate climates have more European genotypes than colonies established in tropical regions. Several hypotheses are discussed to explain these results.","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2016-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Africanization of honey bees (Apis mellifera) in three climatic regions of northern Mexico","authors":"C. A. Flores, E. G. Novoa, M. Hamiduzzaman, Jairo Iván Aguilera Soto, Marco Antonio López Carlos","doi":"10.21753/VMOA.2.4.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21753/VMOA.2.4.353","url":null,"abstract":"Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Medina Flores CA, Guzman Novoa E, Hamiduzzaman MM, Aguilera Soto J, Lopez Carlos MA. Africanization of honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) in three climatic regions of northern Mexico. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2015;2(4). doi: 10.21753/vmoa.2.4.353 This study was conducted to analyze the process of Africanization of managed honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) colonies by determining the frequency of African and European morphotypes and mitotypes ( mt DNA) in three different ecological environments of northern Mexico. Colonies (n= 151) were sampled in 1) temperate semi-dry; 2) semi-warm semi-dry; and 3) temperate sub-humid regions in the state of Zacatecas. The mt DNA type was determined by PCR-RFLP and the morphotype by the Fast Africanized Bee Identification System (FABIS). Out of all the colonies sampled in all areas, the mt DNA analysis showed a significantly higher frequency of European maternal lineage (77.5%) than of African maternal lineage (22.5%; P <0.0001). The morphometric analysis classified 47% of the colonies as European and 42.4% of them as Africanized. The frequency of colonies with African or European mitotypes and morphotypes varied significantly between regions (P <0.05) with results indicating a higher degree of Africanization in the semi-warm semi-dry region. Conversely, the highest frequency of colonies with the European morphotype and mitotype occurred in the temperate semi-dry region. These results suggest that the environment affects the degree of Africanization of honey bee colonies in northern Mexico. Colonies established at higher altitudes and in more temperate climates have more European genotypes than colonies established in tropical regions. Several hypotheses are discussed to explain these results. Figure 1. Relief map of Zacatecas, with the location of sampling sites in regions: temperate semi-dry: Fresnillo (1), Villanueva (2), Villa Garcia (3), Guadalupe (4), Ojo Caliente (5) and Zacatecas (6); temperate sub-humid: Tepechitlan (7), Tlantenango (8), Momax (9), Nochistlan (10) and Valparaiso (11); semi-warm semi-dry: Tabasco (12), Jalpa (13), Juchipila (14), and Moyahua (15).","PeriodicalId":49387,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria Mexico","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21753/VMOA.2.4.353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68193523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}