Viruses-Basel最新文献_第2页

Phage Therapy as a Rescue Treatment for Recurrent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bentall Infection.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.3390/v17010123

Victor Eiferman, Pierre-Adrien Vion, Alexandre Bleibtreu

引用次数: 0

Eight Years of Norovirus Surveillance in Urban Wastewater: Insights from Next-Generation.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.3390/v17010130

Giusy Bonanno Ferraro, David Brandtner, Pamela Mancini, Carolina Veneri, Marcello Iaconelli, Elisabetta Suffredini, Giuseppina La Rosa

{"title":"Eight Years of Norovirus Surveillance in Urban Wastewater: Insights from Next-Generation.","authors":"Giusy Bonanno Ferraro, David Brandtner, Pamela Mancini, Carolina Veneri, Marcello Iaconelli, Elisabetta Suffredini, Giuseppina La Rosa","doi":"10.3390/v17010130","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17010130","url":null,"abstract":"Human noroviruses (HNoVs) are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, with significant public health implications. In this study, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) was used to monitor the circulation and genetic diversity of HNoVs in Rome over an eight-year period (2017-2024). A total of 337 wastewater samples were analyzed using RT-nested PCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify genogroups GI and GII and their respective genotypes. The results showed that GII had higher detection rates (66.5%) compared to GI (50.7%), with significant variation between years. Detection rates peaked in 2019 before declining sharply in 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic and rebounding after the pandemic in 2023. A total of 24 genotypes were identified (8 GI and 17 GII), including persistent variants GII.2, GII.3 and GII.4 and emerging genotypes such as GII.8, GII.10 and GII.14. Only two GII.4 variants, Sydney_2016 and Sydney_2012, were detected in the study. These results demonstrate the utility of WBE in tracking HNoVs circulation, identifying genotype diversity and capturing shifts in transmission dynamics. WBE provides a cost-effective and comprehensive tool for public health surveillance, particularly in regions with limited clinical surveillance. Sustained investment in WBE is crucial for advancing our understanding of HNoVs epidemiology and its long-term trends.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-Level Zoonotic Transmission of Clade C MERS-CoV in Africa: Insights from Scoping Review and Cohort Studies in Hospital and Community Settings.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.3390/v17010125

Andrew Karani, Cynthia Ombok, Silvia Situma, Robert Breiman, Marianne Mureithi, Walter Jaoko, M Kariuki Njenga, Isaac Ngere

{"title":"Low-Level Zoonotic Transmission of Clade C MERS-CoV in Africa: Insights from Scoping Review and Cohort Studies in Hospital and Community Settings.","authors":"Andrew Karani, Cynthia Ombok, Silvia Situma, Robert Breiman, Marianne Mureithi, Walter Jaoko, M Kariuki Njenga, Isaac Ngere","doi":"10.3390/v17010125","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17010125","url":null,"abstract":"Human outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are more common in Middle Eastern and Asian human populations, associated with clades A and B. In Africa, where clade C is dominant in camels, human cases are minimal. We reviewed 16 studies (n = 6198) published across seven African countries between 2012 and 2024 to assess human MERS-CoV cases. We also analyzed data from four cohort studies conducted in camel-keeping communities between 2018 and 2024 involving camel keepers, camel slaughterhouse workers, and hospital patients with acute respiratory illness (ARI). The analysis showed a pooled MERS-CoV prevalence of 2.4% (IQR: 0.6, 11.4) from 16 publications and 1.14% from 4 cohort studies (n = 2353). Symptomatic cases were rarely reported, with most individuals reporting camel contact, and only 12% had travel history to the Middle East. There was one travel-associated reported death, resulting in a mortality rate of 0.013%. The findings suggest a low camel-to-human transmission of clade C MERS-CoV in Africa. Ongoing research focuses on genomic comparisons between clade C and the more virulent clades A and B, alongside the surveillance of viral evolution. This study highlights the need for continuous monitoring but indicates that MERS-CoV clade C currently poses a minimal public health threat in Africa.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Herald Patch as the Only Evidence of Pityriasis Rosea: Clinical, Laboratory and Pathogenetic Features.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.3390/v17010119

Francesco Drago, Astrid Herzum, Serena Varesano, Gaetano Serviddio, Francesco Broccolo, Giulia Ciccarese

{"title":"Herald Patch as the Only Evidence of Pityriasis Rosea: Clinical, Laboratory and Pathogenetic Features.","authors":"Francesco Drago, Astrid Herzum, Serena Varesano, Gaetano Serviddio, Francesco Broccolo, Giulia Ciccarese","doi":"10.3390/v17010119","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17010119","url":null,"abstract":"Pityriasis rosea (PR) is a self-limited exanthem associated with the endogenous systemic reactivation of human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 and HHV-7. The disease typically begins with a single erythematous patch on the trunk (herald patch), followed by a secondary eruption of smaller papulosquamous lesions. Rarely, the herald patch may be the only cutaneous manifestation of PR. The present work aimed to examine the clinical and laboratory features of the PR cases characterized by the herald patch as the sole cutaneous manifestation and to compare them with the classic form of PR. An observational, retrospective study was conducted on patients presenting with herald patch as the only sign of PR (cases) and on a series of age- and sex-matched patients who presented with a typical PR pattern (controls). The records of the patients were extracted from a PR registry, which collected data on patients with PR diagnosed from 2003 to 2023 by at least two dermatologists from the same study team. Nineteen patients (eleven males, eight females) with a mean age of 27.1 years presented the herald patch as the only cutaneous manifestation of PR. Nineteen age- and sex-matched patients were considered controls. In the cases, the exanthem duration was shorter than in controls, and the mean HHV-6 and HHV-7 DNA plasma load was lower than in controls. This rare variant of PR might be considered an abortive form of the exanthem that occurs when the HHV-6/7 reactivation from latency is contrasted by a more robust immunological response than in classic PR.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.3390/v17010122

Norbert Nowotny, Maria Lucia Mandola, Isabella Monne, Zoltán Bagó, Chiara Nogarol, Alice Fusaro, Katharina Dimmel, Barbara Moroni, Lisa Guardone, Jolanta Kolodziejek, Elisa Palumbo, Gabriela Stanclova, Adi Steinrigl, Gabriele Fidler, Cristina Bertasio, Irene Bertoletti, Alessandro Bianchi, Mattia Calzolari, Paola Prati, Nadia Vicari, Angela Salomoni, Maria Francesca Priore, Federica Gobbo, Aitor Garcia-Vozmediano, Tom Loney, Ahmad Abou Tayoun, Alawi Alsheikh-Ali, Paola De Benedictis, Jeremy V Camp, Zdenek Hubalek, Ivo Rudolf, Davide Lelli, Ana Moreno

{"title":"Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023.","authors":"Norbert Nowotny, Maria Lucia Mandola, Isabella Monne, Zoltán Bagó, Chiara Nogarol, Alice Fusaro, Katharina Dimmel, Barbara Moroni, Lisa Guardone, Jolanta Kolodziejek, Elisa Palumbo, Gabriela Stanclova, Adi Steinrigl, Gabriele Fidler, Cristina Bertasio, Irene Bertoletti, Alessandro Bianchi, Mattia Calzolari, Paola Prati, Nadia Vicari, Angela Salomoni, Maria Francesca Priore, Federica Gobbo, Aitor Garcia-Vozmediano, Tom Loney, Ahmad Abou Tayoun, Alawi Alsheikh-Ali, Paola De Benedictis, Jeremy V Camp, Zdenek Hubalek, Ivo Rudolf, Davide Lelli, Ana Moreno","doi":"10.3390/v17010122","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17010122","url":null,"abstract":"The European subtype of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV-Eur; species Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis, family Flaviviridae) was the only tick-borne flavivirus present in central Europe known to cause neurologic disease in humans and several animal species. Here, we report a tick-borne flavivirus isolated from Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra) with encephalitis and attached ticks, present over a wide area in the Alps. Cases were detected in 2017 in Salzburg, Austria, and 2023 in Lombardy and Piedmont, Italy. The virus strains exhibit 94.8-97.3% nucleotide identities to each other and are more closely related to Louping ill viruses (LIV; Orthoflavivirus loupingi; 90-92% identities) than to TBEV-Eur (less than 88%). The chamois-derived virus strains, tentatively termed \"Alpine chamois encephalitis virus\", form a well-supported independent genetic clade with Spanish goat encephalitis virus, clearly separated from other LIV. This supports its designation as a new virus subtype with the proposed shared taxonomic name \"Spanish goat and Alpine chamois encephalitis virus subtype\" within the species Orthoflavivirus loupingi. The zoonotic potential of this newly identified virus subtype as well as its host range in other animal species including farm animals needs to be further investigated.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced Immunogenicity and Affinity with A35R-Fc-Based Chimeric Protein Compared to MPXV A35R Protein.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.3390/v17010116

Shimeng Bai, Yanxin Cui, Qibin Liao, Hongyang Yi, Zhonghui Liao, Gengwei Zhang, Fenfang Wu, Hongzhou Lu

引用次数: 0

Flunarizine as a Candidate for Drug Repurposing Against Human Pathogenic Mammarenaviruses.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.3390/v17010117

Chukwudi A Ofodile, Ikemefuna C Uzochukwu, Fortunatus C Ezebuo, InnocentMary Ejiofor, Mercy Adebola, Innocent Okpoli, Beatrice Cubitt, Haydar Witwit, Chetachi B Okwuanaso, Ngozi Onyemelukwe, Juan Carlos de la Torre

{"title":"Flunarizine as a Candidate for Drug Repurposing Against Human Pathogenic Mammarenaviruses.","authors":"Chukwudi A Ofodile, Ikemefuna C Uzochukwu, Fortunatus C Ezebuo, InnocentMary Ejiofor, Mercy Adebola, Innocent Okpoli, Beatrice Cubitt, Haydar Witwit, Chetachi B Okwuanaso, Ngozi Onyemelukwe, Juan Carlos de la Torre","doi":"10.3390/v17010117","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17010117","url":null,"abstract":"Lassa fever (LF), a viral hemorrhagic fever disease with a case fatality rate that can be over 20% among hospitalized LF patients, is endemic to many West African countries. Currently, no vaccines or therapies are specifically licensed to prevent or treat LF, hence the significance of developing therapeutics against the mammarenavirus Lassa virus (LASV), the causative agent of LF. We used in silico docking approaches to investigate the binding affinities of 2015 existing drugs to LASV proteins known to play critical roles in the formation and activity of the virus ribonucleoprotein complex (vRNP) responsible for directing replication and transcription of the viral genome. Validation of docking protocols were achieved with reference inhibitors of the respective targets. Our in silico docking screen identified five drugs (dexamethasone, tadalafil, mefloquine, ergocalciferol, and flunarizine) with strong predicted binding affinity to LASV proteins involved in the formation of the vRNP. We used cell-based functional assays to evaluate the antiviral activity of the five selected drugs. We found that flunarizine, a calcium-entry blocker, inhibited the vRNP activity of LASV and LCMV and virus surface glycoprotein fusion activity required for mammarenavirus cell entry. Consistently with these findings, flunarizine significantly reduced peak titers of LCMV in a multi-step growth kinetics assay in human A549 cells. Flunarizine is being used in several countries worldwide to treat vertigo and migraine, supporting the interest in exploring its repurposing as a candidate drug to treat LASV infections.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143043018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analyses of Antiviral Potencies of Second-Generation Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTIs) and the Developmental Compound 4d Against a Panel of Integrase Quadruple Mutants.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.3390/v17010121

Steven J Smith, Xue Zhi Zhao, Stephen H Hughes, Terrence R Burke

{"title":"Comparative Analyses of Antiviral Potencies of Second-Generation Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTIs) and the Developmental Compound 4d Against a Panel of Integrase Quadruple Mutants.","authors":"Steven J Smith, Xue Zhi Zhao, Stephen H Hughes, Terrence R Burke","doi":"10.3390/v17010121","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17010121","url":null,"abstract":"Second-generation integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are strongly recommended for people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). The emergence of resistance to second-generation INSTIs has been infrequent and has not yet been a major issue in high-income countries. However, the delayed rollouts of these INSTIs in low- to middle-income countries during the COVID-19 pandemic combined with increased transmission of drug-resistant mutants worldwide are leading to an increase in INSTI resistance. Herein, we evaluated the antiviral potencies of our lead developmental INSTI 4d and the second-generation INSTIs dolutegravir (DTG), bictegravir (BIC), and cabotegravir (CAB) against a panel of IN quadruple mutants. The mutations are centered around G140S/Q148H, including positions L74, E92, and T97 combined with E138A/K/G140S/Q148H. All of the tested INSTIs lose potency against these IN quadruple mutants compared with the wild-type IN. In single-round infection assays, compound 4d retained higher antiviral potencies (EC50 values) than second-generation INSTIs against a subset of quadruple mutants. These findings may advance understanding of mechanisms that contribute to resistance and, in so doing, facilitate development of new INSTIs with improved antiviral profiles.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Betacoronaviruses Differentially Activate the Integrated Stress Response to Optimize Viral Replication in Lung-Derived Cell Lines.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.3390/v17010120

David M Renner, Nicholas A Parenti, Nicole Bracci, Susan R Weiss

{"title":"Betacoronaviruses Differentially Activate the Integrated Stress Response to Optimize Viral Replication in Lung-Derived Cell Lines.","authors":"David M Renner, Nicholas A Parenti, Nicole Bracci, Susan R Weiss","doi":"10.3390/v17010120","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17010120","url":null,"abstract":"The betacoronavirus genus contains five of the seven human coronaviruses, making it a particularly critical area of research to prepare for future viral emergence. We utilized three human betacoronaviruses, one from each subgenus-HCoV-OC43 (embecovirus), SARS-CoV-2 (sarbecovirus), and MERS-CoV (merbecovirus)-, to study betacoronavirus interactions with the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) pathway of the integrated stress response (ISR)/unfolded protein response (UPR). The PERK pathway becomes activated by an abundance of unfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to phosphorylation of eIF2α and translational attenuation. We demonstrate that MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43, and SARS-CoV-2 all activate PERK and induce responses downstream of p-eIF2α, while only SARS-CoV-2 induces detectable p-eIF2α during infection. Using a small molecule inhibitor of eIF2α dephosphorylation, we provide evidence that MERS-CoV and HCoV-OC43 maximize viral replication through p-eIF2α dephosphorylation. Interestingly, genetic ablation of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (GADD34) expression, an inducible protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)-interacting partner targeting eIF2α for dephosphorylation, did not significantly alter HCoV-OC43 or SARS-CoV-2 replication, while siRNA knockdown of the constitutive PP1 partner, constitutive repressor of eIF2α phosphorylation (CReP), dramatically reduced HCoV-OC43 replication. Combining GADD34 knockout with CReP knockdown had the maximum impact on HCoV-OC43 replication, while SARS-CoV-2 replication was unaffected. Overall, we conclude that eIF2α dephosphorylation is critical for efficient protein production and replication during MERS-CoV and HCoV-OC43 infection. SARS-CoV-2, however, appears to be insensitive to p-eIF2α and, during infection, may even downregulate dephosphorylation to limit host translation.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gene Therapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.3390/v17010118

Smit Shah, Joshua Green, Shantelle A Graff, Qi Li, John D Heiss

引用次数: 0