Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
The use of gestures in book reading and play situations related to vocabulary in young children with cochlear implants. 植入人工耳蜗幼儿在阅读和游戏情境中与词汇相关的手势使用。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2024.2449216
Christina Samuelsson, Ulrika Marklund, Björn Lyxell, Henrik Danielsson
{"title":"The use of gestures in book reading and play situations related to vocabulary in young children with cochlear implants.","authors":"Christina Samuelsson, Ulrika Marklund, Björn Lyxell, Henrik Danielsson","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2449216","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2449216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestures are essential in early language development. We investigate the use of gestures in children with cochlear implants (CIs), with a particular focus on deictic, iconic, and conventional gestures. The aim is to understand how the use of gestures in everyday interactions relates to age, vocabulary testing results, and language development reported by parents. Seven children with CIs, aged 27-39 months, participated in the study. The children's use of gestures was analysed in caregivers' video recordings of daily life interactions. The Picture Naming Game was used to test vocabulary. The Swedish version of CDI was used for caregiver reports of vocabulary and gesture use. All seven children used gestures, with deictic gestures being the most common type. Iconic gestures were more frequent during play than during book reading, and iconic gestures were more frequent when vocabulary was low. The results suggest that the use of gestures in combination with speech or vocalisations is related to vocabulary development. This connection is more pronounced during book reading, indicating the significance of this activity for language and gesture use in children with CIs. The study highlights the importance of gestures in communication and language development, especially in children with CIs. It emphasises that assessing gesture use should be a routine part of language assessments for children with challenges in their language development, such as hearing impairments. The study has some limitations, which are discussed in terms of small sample size and lack of detailed information on sign language use in the participating families.</p>","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":" ","pages":"559-575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digital game-based learning for dynamic assessment and early intervention targeting reading difficulties: Cross-linguistic studies of GraphoLearn. 针对阅读困难的动态评估和早期干预的基于数字游戏的学习:graphollearn的跨语言研究。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2025.2452979
Ben A M Maassen, Toivo Glatz, Elisabeth Borleffs, Camila Martínez, Barry J A de Groot
{"title":"Digital game-based learning for dynamic assessment and early intervention targeting reading difficulties: Cross-linguistic studies of GraphoLearn.","authors":"Ben A M Maassen, Toivo Glatz, Elisabeth Borleffs, Camila Martínez, Barry J A de Groot","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2025.2452979","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699206.2025.2452979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early detection of reading acquisition failure is crucial since intervention is most effective if started early. This presentation gives a cross-linguistic overview of studies, conducted at our department, making use of GraphoLearn (GL), a serious gaming environment, in three languages with relatively transparent orthographies. Aim of the studies is to evaluate the effectiveness as well as screening value of playing GL. GraphoLearn was used to develop early reading acquisition games in three languages: Spanish, Standard Indonesian (both highly transparent orthographies) and Dutch (intermediate transparency). In all four studies typically developing children, and in some studies, children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and/or reading difficulties participated in a research protocol consisting of a pre-test at the start of reading education, followed by a period of playing GL, and concluded with a post-test and follow-up. The pre- and post-tests comprised standard sets of preliteracy tests. The post-tests also included word decoding tests. Playing consisted of matching (strings of) graphemes on a computer screen with spoken fragments. Results show a mainstream learning trajectory (strong regression) from preliteracy skills, via accuracy and speed of letter-sound association during playing, to early (post-test) and later (follow-up) word and pseudoword decoding. Patterns of qualitative (e.g. errors) and quantitative (e.g. learning rate) in-game data predicting and influencing later reading fluency were found for different subgroups of children. We conclude that GL is an effective tool for early dynamic diagnostic screening, and supporting early reading acquisition. Future perspectives targeting integrated, multi-factorial and cross-modal digital game-based learning (DGBL) are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":" ","pages":"576-601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Language and executive functions in patients with transcortical motor aphasia and Broca's aphasia. 跨皮层运动性失语症和布罗卡失语症患者的语言和执行功能。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2024.2393410
Mile Vuković, Liang Chen
{"title":"Language and executive functions in patients with transcortical motor aphasia and Broca's aphasia.","authors":"Mile Vuković, Liang Chen","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2393410","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2393410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated language and executive functions (EF) in people with transcortical motor aphasia (TMA) and Broca's aphasia (BA). Participants included 19 patients with TMA, 19 patients with BA, and 25 healthy controls. Verbal Fluency tests, Stroop tests and Trail-Making tests were administered to all participants, and the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) was administered to participants with aphasia. Results showed that (1) both groups of patients with aphasia had poorer performance on Verbal Fluency tests, Stroop tests and Trail-Making tests than healthy controls; (2) participants with BA had superior performance on Stroop tests and Trail-Making tests, but not on Verbal Fluency tests, than participants with TMA, and (2) the performance on Verbal Fluency tests, Stroop tests and Trail-Making was significantly correlated with the performance on BDAE for participants with TMA, but not for participants with BA. These results suggest that EF deficits are present in both patients with TMA and those with BA. They also show that the relationship between EF deficits and language impairments in people with aphasia might depend on the type of aphasia, aspects of language, and the components of EF measured.</p>","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":" ","pages":"765-783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Narrative generation and narrative recall recruit different executive functions in preschoolers with and without developmental language disorder. 叙述生成和叙述回忆在有和没有发展性语言障碍的学龄前儿童中调动了不同的执行功能。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2024.2441306
Yuanyuan Lin, Li Sheng, Huanhuan Shi, Wenjie Yan, Yiwen Zhang
{"title":"Narrative generation and narrative recall recruit different executive functions in preschoolers with and without developmental language disorder.","authors":"Yuanyuan Lin, Li Sheng, Huanhuan Shi, Wenjie Yan, Yiwen Zhang","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2441306","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2441306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) are poor at story-telling and show weaknesses in various executive functions (EFs). Narrative tasks are frequently used in clinical assessment to capture the linguistic vulnerabilities of individuals with DLD. But we know little about the demands of different narrative tasks on EFs. This study explores the relationship between EFs in a daily life context and performance on two narrative tasks. Fourteen Mandarin-speaking preschoolers with DLD and 34 typically-developing (TD) controls completed a story generation and a story recall task. Their parents filled out the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions-Preschool (BRIEF-P). The TD group outperformed the DLD group on narrative macrostructure and microstructure, and the inhibit, shift, and global executive composites of the BRIEF-P. On the story recall task, after controlling for standardised language test scores, working memory scores explained unique variance in both narrative macrostructure and microstructure performance. On the story generation task, after controlling for language skills, macrostructure performance was predicted by inhibit, working memory, and plan/organisation composites, and microstructure performance was predicted by the inhibit composite. Narrative recall relies heavily on working memory capacity as children must recall the details provided in the mature adult model; narrative generation requires multiple EFs as children must plan the organisation of story elements, selectively attend to relevant visual details in the pictorial stimuli, and monitor their own language production. The findings have implications for understanding the sources of language difficulties in DLD and the selection of narrative task in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":" ","pages":"625-644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using language sample analyses across English dialects: A case-based approach for preschoolers. 跨英语方言的语言样本分析:针对学龄前儿童的基于案例的方法。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2024.2374917
Leslie E Kokotek, Karla N Washington, Nicole Bazzocchi
{"title":"Using language sample analyses across English dialects: A case-based approach for preschoolers.","authors":"Leslie E Kokotek, Karla N Washington, Nicole Bazzocchi","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2374917","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2374917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study compared language samples from typically developing 4-year-olds who spoke African American English (AAE), Jamaican English (JE), or Mainstream American English (MAE) to assess the value of using language sample analysis (LSA) measures for characterising language use across dialects of English. Specific LSA metrics included mean length of utterance (MLU) in morphemes and in words, the Index of Productive Syntax (IPSyn), Developmental Sentence Scoring (DSS) and measures of lexical diversity. Children demonstrated diverse linguistic patterns across dialects, but a Kruskal-Wallis H test did not reveal significant differences in scores obtained through LSA measures. Notably, the IPSyn captured morphosyntactic structures in each category across dialects where prior research has highlighted limitations. This preliminary study uses a case-based approach to illustrate the applicability of LSAs in describing linguistic variations across children who speak different dialects of English. Moreover, the findings from this study underscore the potential use of LSAs in describing linguistic patterns to support the characterisation of communication profiles for culturally and linguistically diverse children.</p>","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":" ","pages":"808-825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Patterns of lexical and syntactic adjustment in early infant-directed speech related to language development in Hungarian. 与匈牙利语语言发展相关的婴儿早期引导性言语中的词汇和句法调整模式。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2024.2374925
Veronika Harmati-Pap, Noémi Vadász, Ildikó Tóth, Bence Kas
{"title":"Patterns of lexical and syntactic adjustment in early infant-directed speech related to language development in Hungarian.","authors":"Veronika Harmati-Pap, Noémi Vadász, Ildikó Tóth, Bence Kas","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2374925","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2374925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infant-directed speech (IDS) is known to be characterised by phonetic and prosodic cues along with reduced vocabulary and syntax compared to adult-directed speech (ADS). However, there is considerable variation between mothers in the degree of lexical and syntactic reduction of their IDS. The present study aims to investigate the correspondences of the inter-individual variation of maternal IDS at 6 and 18 months with infants' language development at 18 months. 109 dyads of mothers and their firstborn infants participated in the study. Mothers' ID and AD storytelling based on standard picture stimuli were recorded at 6 and 18 months of their infants' age. We analysed measures of speech quantity (number of utterances and words), syntactic complexity (mean length of utterance), and lexical diversity (type-token ratio). Language growth was measured bimonthly using the Hungarian adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates CDI W&G form. The results did not reveal any association between characteristics of mothers' ID narratives and their infants' concurrent language skills at 18 months. However, we found a longitudinal link between a distinct pattern of linguistic simplification in maternal ID storytelling at 6 months and the development of expressive vocabulary in infants at 18 months. Infants whose mother tends to reduce both lexical and syntactic complexity of ID narratives the most are more likely to exhibit higher language outcomes. Further research is warranted to explore the background factors and longer-term effects of this maternal strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":" ","pages":"736-764"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foreword to the second part of the special issue 'selected papers from ICPLA 2023: Clinical linguistics and related fields'. 特刊“ICPLA 2023论文精选:临床语言学及相关领域”第二部分的前言。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2025.2471599
Lisa Bartha-Doering, Thomas Kaltenbacher
{"title":"Foreword to the second part of the special issue 'selected papers from ICPLA 2023: Clinical linguistics and related fields'.","authors":"Lisa Bartha-Doering, Thomas Kaltenbacher","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2025.2471599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699206.2025.2471599","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":"39 6-8","pages":"515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The relationship between vocabulary and grammar in two children with 5p deletion syndrome. 两名 5p 缺失综合征患儿的词汇量与语法之间的关系。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2024.2359461
Kristian Emil Kristoffersen, Hanne Gram Simonsen
{"title":"The relationship between vocabulary and grammar in two children with 5p deletion syndrome.","authors":"Kristian Emil Kristoffersen, Hanne Gram Simonsen","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2359461","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2359461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>5p deletion syndrome is a rare genetic condition associated with severe speech and language problems. In general, research on speech and language skills is scarce, but there is more knowledge on phonetic and phonological skills than on lexical and grammatical skills. Until now, no studies have addressed the relationship between grammar and vocabulary. Therefore, in this study, we address aspects of this relation based on longitudinal parent-reported data (MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories) from two children with this syndrome aged 2;0-7;3, and 1;11-7;1, respectively. We examine the development of the vocabulary size in each child, seen in relation to the development of grammar (inflections, combinations of words, complexity, and productivity), and see to what extent they can be compared to typically developing children. Results show that they follow a similar pattern to typically developing children but are delayed and have slightly different individual profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":" ","pages":"704-720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Choice of communication mode at home and speechreading performance of adolescents with hearing impairment in China. 中国听障青少年家庭沟通方式选择与言语阅读表现。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2024.2437441
Fen Zhang, Jianghua Lei, Huina Gong, Zhenhong Ji, Haifeng Wang, Qin Zhou, Xiaojun Wu, Liang Chen
{"title":"Choice of communication mode at home and speechreading performance of adolescents with hearing impairment in China.","authors":"Fen Zhang, Jianghua Lei, Huina Gong, Zhenhong Ji, Haifeng Wang, Qin Zhou, Xiaojun Wu, Liang Chen","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2437441","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699206.2024.2437441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability to speechread is often critical for persons with hearing impairment (HI), who may depend on speechreading to access the spoken language and interact with the hearing world. It is not clear, however, whether the primary mode of communication at home will influence speechreading abilities of young adults with HI even when they are enrolled in the same school with the same communication or instructional methods. Thirty-two hearing-impaired adolescents whose parents chose spoken language as the primary mode of communication of the family (the SPOKEN group) and thirty-two hearing-impaired adolescents with sign language as the primary mode of communication of the family (the SIGN group) were administered a Chinese speechreading battery consisting of tests at monosyllabic word, disyllabic word and sentence levels. The SPOKEN group was able to accurately identify significantly more monosyllabic words, disyllabic words, and sentences by speechreading than the SIGN group. In addition, mean accuracy rates of identifying disyllabic words via speechreading were higher than single words and sentences, and identifying sentences via speechreading took longer time than single words and phrases. These results suggest that the differences in speechreading of HI students may result not only from different educational approaches, but also from family language communication experiences, and this difference may exist before the students with HI start formal schooling.</p>","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":" ","pages":"645-662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using electromagnetic articulography to investigate tongue, lip and jaw tremor associated with Parkinson's disease. 使用电磁关节成像研究与帕金森病相关的舌、唇和下颌震颤。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2025.2501072
Teja Rebernik, Jidde Jacobi, Mark Tiede, Martijn Wieling
{"title":"Using electromagnetic articulography to investigate tongue, lip and jaw tremor associated with Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Teja Rebernik, Jidde Jacobi, Mark Tiede, Martijn Wieling","doi":"10.1080/02699206.2025.2501072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699206.2025.2501072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tremor in Parkinson's disease is most frequently studied in the limbs, even though it also occurs in the vocal tract. In the current study, we assessed the presence of tongue, lip and jaw tremor in 34 individuals with Parkinson's disease (IwPD) and 25 controls (CS). We used electromagnetic articulography sensors attached to the tongue, the lips, and the jaw to measure orolingual tremor while the participants were performing a series of tasks. Additionally, we acoustically measured frequency and amplitude tremor of the voice in a sustained phonation task. Our findings revealed that IwPD showed significantly more tongue, lip, and jaw tremor than CS. Kinematic tremor frequency and RMS amplitude did not differ between IwPD and CS. We found no group difference in voice tremor prevalence or frequency in our acoustic analysis. While intensity and power indices seemed stronger in IwPD compared to CS, these differences were not significant. We show that electromagnetic articulography is suited for identifying orolingual tremor. While kinematic tremor was more prevalent in IwPD, it also appeared in CS, underlining the importance of including control participants in this type of study.</p>","PeriodicalId":49219,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信