Journal of Communication Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Automatic metaphor processing in developmental dyslexia","authors":"Rita Cersosimo ,&nbsp;Filippo Domaneschi ,&nbsp;Hamad Al-Azary","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Previous research found metaphor impairments with dyslexia; however, it is unclear if difficulties are due to initial activation of the metaphorical meaning or to subsequent discourse integration processes. The study examines the presence of early automatic processing of metaphors in adults with developmental dyslexia, considering the role of executive functions and metaphor familiarity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using a sentence recall task and a semantic judgment task from the Metaphor Interference Effect (MIE) paradigm, we evaluated two early stages of metaphor comprehension, namely the generation of the figurative meaning and the suppression of the literal meaning. High and low familiar metaphors, and their scrambled counterparts, were aurally presented to participants, who were asked to judge whether sentences were literally true or literally false. Afterwards, they were provided ten minutes to recall the sentences they heard to verify the depth of processing for each type of stimulus. A total of 26 participants with dyslexia were included in the experimental group, and 31 in the control group.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Individuals with dyslexia showed a MIE and an accuracy rate that are similar to participants without dyslexia. Inhibition correlated with the MIE size only for high familiar metaphors, and working memory seemed to play no role in the process. In the recall task, both groups demonstrated a better encoding of the metaphorical sentences compared to scrambled metaphors, but participants with dyslexia recalled less metaphors than did the control group, showing that metaphors are no exception to the limitations in sentence retrieval typically found in dyslexia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings suggest that individuals with dyslexia are comparable to participants without dyslexia in their ability to automatically compute metaphorical meanings. Thus, difficulties in metaphor comprehension in people with dyslexia that have been detected in previous studies might depend on meaning construction in context rather than online semantic processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 106448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lexical development in Kuwaiti Arabic in typically developing children and late talkers","authors":"Fauzia Abdalla ,&nbsp;Abdessattar Mahfoudhi ,&nbsp;Saleh Shaalan ,&nbsp;Reem Almarri ,&nbsp;Maryam Aldousari ,&nbsp;Hessa Alseedeqi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study explored vocabulary development and lexical composition in young typically developing (TD) Kuwaiti children and late talkers (LT) using the <em>Kuwaiti Arabic Communicative Development Inventory-Words and Sentences</em> (<em>KACDI-WS) Abdalla</em> et al.<em>, 2016</em>). The sample included 161 children aged 20 to 37 months: 127 TD and 34 children who were late talkers (LT group). The late talkers were first identified based on a background questionnaire answered by the parents. All the caregivers completed a 698-item web-based <em>KACDI</em> expressive vocabulary inventory by selecting non-imitative words that their children produced.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Lexical size and composition (nouns, predicates, and closed-class words) were analyzed. Across the TD age groups (20–26, 27–31, 32–37 months), a significant age effect for vocabulary size and composition was found in favor of the older groups. Nouns were more prevalent than predicates or closed-class words in within-group comparisons. The vocabulary size of the TD (<em>M</em>= 263.8) was significantly larger than that of the LT group (<em>M</em>= 69.2). The development of their lexical composition followed a similar pattern.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results suggested that the <em>KACDI</em> parent report instrument has the potential for measuring vocabulary development in TD children and could serve as an initial screening tool to identify late talkers<del>.</del></p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 106432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141083809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The perceived guilt and innocence of adults with developmental language disorder and adults with typical language during a mock interrogation","authors":"Tammie J. Spaulding ,&nbsp;Audra Blewitt","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study examined if there were differences in the guilty and not guilty judgments of adults with developmental language disorder (DLD) and those with typical language (TL) functioning.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Twenty-four adults (12 DLD, 12 TL) were assigned to either the guilty or not guilty conditions. Those in the guilty condition engaged in a mock crime while those in the not guilty condition were informed that a crime had been committed. Peer jurors were presented with video interrogations of the DLD (6 guilty, 6 not guilty) and TL (6 guilty, 6 not guilty) participants and were asked to make categorical judgments of guilty and not guilty and to indicate confidence in their judgments.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In general, peer jurors were not accurate in their judgments of the accused, and were more likely to judge individuals with DLD as guilty relative to accused individuals with TL. Peer jurors were particularly poor at judging innocent adults with DLD as not guilty and guilty adults with TL as guilty. Despite this, peer jurors were more confident than not in their guilty and not guilty determinations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Peer jurors are confident in their judgments of the guilt of the accused when they should not be, particularly in the case of accused adults with DLD. Implications are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 106429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140948124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis of expressive prosody in cochlear implant users","authors":"Kara Hawthorne","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Prosody is used to express indexical (identifying the talker), linguistic (e.g., question intonation, lexical stress), pragmatic (e.g., contrastive stress, sarcasm), and emotional/affective functions. It is manifested through changes in fundamental frequency (<em>f</em>₀), intensity, and duration. <em>F</em>₀ and intensity are degraded when perceived through a cochlear implant (CI). The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare expressive prosody in speech produced by CI users versus normal hearing peers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic search of the literature found 25 articles that met all inclusion criteria. These articles were assessed for quality, and data pertaining to the expression of <em>f</em>₀, intensity, and duration, as well as classification accuracy and appropriateness ratings from normal hearing listeners, were extracted and meta-analyzed using random effects models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The articles included in the meta-analysis were generally of acceptable or high quality. Meta-analyses revealed significant differences between individuals with CIs vs. normal hearing on all measures except mean <em>f</em>₀, mean intensity, and rhythm. Effect sizes were generally medium to large. There was significant heterogeneity across studies, but little evidence of publication bias.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>CI users speak with less variable <em>f</em>₀, smaller <em>f</em>₀ contours, more variable intensity, a slower speech rate, and reduced final lengthening at syntactic boundaries. These acoustic differences are reflected in significantly poorer ratings of speech produced by CI users compared to their normal hearing peers, as assessed by groups of normal hearing listeners. Because atypical expressive prosody is associated with negative outcomes, clinicians should consider targeting prosody when working with individuals who use CIs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 106431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141029509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges with computing scalar and ad-hoc implicatures in Mandarin-speaking 4–8-year-old autistic children","authors":"Yi Esther Su,&nbsp;Yuhan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Mixed findings have been reported about the computation of scalar or/and ad-hoc implicatures in primarily school-age autistic verbal children and adolescents: while some studies reported their struggles with both implicatures, others observed their strengths in computing scalar implicatures. This study extends the previous investigation by testing the derivation of scalar (including both number and quantifier) and ad-hoc implicatures of a younger group of Mandarin-speaking autistic 4–8-year-olds; moreover, we assess the biological, linguistic, and cognitive factors affecting children's implicature acquisition.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The participants included 22 4–8-year-old autistic verbal children (mean age = 67.64 months) and 19 typically developing (TD) children who did not significantly differ in age, receptive vocabulary, and non-verbal IQ. Both groups completed a computer-based Truth Value Judgment task, assessing their knowledge of scalar (involving the number ‘three’ and the quantifier ‘some’) and ad-hoc implicatures. We also examined whether their implicature computation was linked to age, receptive vocabulary, non-verbal IQ, and Theory of Mind (ToM).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared with the TD controls, autistic children derived significantly fewer scalar and ad-hoc implicatures. Specifically, TD children successfully computed number and ad-hoc implicatures, contrasting to the bimodal distribution of their pragmatic vs. logical responses to quantifier implicatures. Though autistic children performed better with number implicatures slightly above the chance level, they had difficulties in computing quantifier and ad-hoc implicatures. Further, autistic children's knowledge of the number and ad-hoc implicatures was linked to their ToM skills.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings underscore the overall delayed implicature knowledge of young autistic children, and their low sensitivity to the implicatures is related to the core ToM deficits. Furthermore, our data confirm the coherent pattern of the earlier acquisition of number over quantifier implicatures and illuminate the distinct mechanisms underlying the computation of scalar vs. ad-hoc implicatures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 106427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140902007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative values for tests of central auditory processing disorder in children aged from 6 to 12 years old","authors":"Piotr H. Skarzynski ,&nbsp;Natalia Czajka ,&nbsp;Rita Zdanowicz ,&nbsp;Aleksandra Kolodziejak ,&nbsp;Ewelina Bukato ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Talarek ,&nbsp;Zuzanna Pankowska ,&nbsp;Henryk Skarzynski","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Central auditory processing disorders (CAPD) can significantly affect the daily functioning of a child, and the first step in determining whether rehabilitation procedures are required is a proper diagnosis. Different guidelines for making diagnoses have been published in the literature, and in various centers normative values for psychoacoustic tests of CAPD have been used internally. The material presented in this paper is based on more than 1000 children and is the largest collection so far published. The aim of this study is to present normative values for tests assessing CAPD in children aged 6 to 12 years, divided by age at last birthday.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We tested 1037 children aged 6 to 12 years who were attending primary schools and kindergartens. The criteria for inclusion were a normal audiogram, intellectually normal, no developmental problems, and no difficulties in auditory processing. To evaluate auditory processing all children were given three tests on the Senses Examination Platform: the Frequency Pattern Test (FPT), Duration Pattern Test (DPT), and Dichotic Digit Test (DDT).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results from 1,037 children allowed us to determine normative values for FPT, DPT, and DDT in seven different age groups (6 through to 12 years). We developed a newapproach, based on quantile-based norms, to determine normative values in each group. Three categories – average, below-average, and above-average – allow for a broader but more realistic interpretation than those used previously. We compare our results with published standards.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our study is the largest normative database published to date for CAPD testing, setting a standard for each child by age in years. We used the Senses Examination Platform, a universal tool, to unify standards for the classification of CAPD. Our study can serve as a basis for the development of a Polish model for the diagnosis of CAPD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 106426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021992424000224/pdfft?md5=2cc819a0f7d06610fa39d1ee31e1108a&pid=1-s2.0-S0021992424000224-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential spectral characteristics of the Spanish fricative /s/ in the articulation of individuals with dysarthria and apraxia of speech","authors":"Natalia Melle ,&nbsp;Carlos Gallego ,&nbsp;José María Lahoz-Bengoechea ,&nbsp;Silvia Nieva","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study examines whether there are differences in the speech of speakers with dysarthria, speakers with apraxia and healthy speakers in spectral acoustic measures during production of the central-peninsular Spanish alveolar sibilant fricative /s/.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>To this end, production of the sibilant was analyzed in 20 subjects with dysarthria, 8 with apraxia of speech and 28 healthy speakers. Participants produced 12 sV(C) words. The variables compared across groups were the fricative's spectral amplitude difference (AmpD) and spectral moments in the temporal midpoint of fricative execution.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicate that individuals with dysarthria can be distinguished from healthy speakers in terms of the spectral characteristics AmpD, standard deviation (SD), center of gravity (CoG) and skewness, the last two in context with unrounded vowel, while no differences in kurtosis were detected. Participants with AoS group differ significantly from healthy speaker group in AmpD, SD and CoG and Kurtosis, the first one followed unrounded vowel and the latter two followed by rounded vowels. In addition, speakers with apraxia of speech group returned significant differences with respect to speakers with dysarthria group in AmpD, CoG and skewness.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The differences found between the groups in the measures studied as a function of the type of vowel context could provide insights into the distinctive manifestations of motor speech disorders, contributing to the differential diagnosis between apraxia and dysarthria in motor control processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 106428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140917846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in speech prosody perception during Parkinson's disease: A comprehensive analysis","authors":"Nasrin Shahouzaei ,&nbsp;Zahra Ghayoumi-Anaraki ,&nbsp;Toktam Maleki Shahmahmood ,&nbsp;Narges Torke Ladani ,&nbsp;Ali Shoeibi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects approximately 1%–2% of individuals aged 60 and above. Communication disorders in PD can significantly impact the overall quality of life. As prosody plays a vital role in verbal communication, the present study examines Persian prosody perception in PD, focusing on linguistic and emotional aspects of prosody.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the perception of linguistic and emotional prosody in three groups: middle-aged adults (<em>n</em> = 22; mean age = 50.40 years), healthy older adults (<em>n</em> = 22; mean age = 68.31 years), and individuals with Parkinson's disease (<em>n</em> = 22; mean age = 65years). All individuals with PD were classified in stages 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5, and 3 of the disease using the Hoehn and Yahr scale. All participants had an MMSE score of 24 or above. The Florida Affect Battery (FAB) was used to evaluate prosody perception. This Battery was validated in the Persian language and its reliability and validity were reported as 94 % and 100 % respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants with PD presented significantly lower scores than the older adults in all subtests of the FAB (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), while healthy older adults were significantly different only in linguistic discrimination (β = -2.14; -3.68 to -0.61), and linguistic naming of prosody (β = 1.25; 0.17 to 2.33) compared to middle-aged adults.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The present study sheds light on the influence of PD on Persian prosody perception. Given the crucial role of prosody in verbal communication, these findings enhance our understanding of communication disorders in PD and could bring attention to consider prosody perception, among other aspects, when assessing individuals affected by PD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 106430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140948730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between social anxiety, physiological reactivity, and speech disfluencies in autistic young adults and controls","authors":"Veera Pirinen ,&nbsp;Kurt Eggers ,&nbsp;Katja Dindar ,&nbsp;Terhi Helminen ,&nbsp;Aija Kotila ,&nbsp;Sanna Kuusikko-Gauffin ,&nbsp;Leena Mäkinen ,&nbsp;Hanna Ebeling ,&nbsp;Tuula Hurtig ,&nbsp;Mirjami Mäntymaa ,&nbsp;Soile Loukusa","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The aim of this study was to examine possible associations of social anxiety (SA) and speaking-related physiological reactivity with the frequencies of a) total disfluencies, b) typical disfluencies, and c) stuttering-like disfluencies, as well as d) stuttering-severity in autistic young adults and controls.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thirty-two autistic young adults and 35 controls participated in this study. Participants were presented with video clips (viewing condition) and were then asked to talk about the videos (narrating condition). SA was measured by the self-report <em>Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory</em> (SPAI). Speaking-related physiological reactivity was measured by the electrodermal activity (EDA), an index of emotional arousal. The speech samples from the narrating condition were analyzed for type and frequency of speech disfluencies and used for determining the stuttering severity. SA and speaking-related physiological reactivity were compared between the groups. Correlation between SA, physiological reactivity, disfluency frequencies, and stuttering severity were tested separately for both groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>No between-group differences were found in the overall SA, yet differences were found in SPAI subscales of social interaction, group interaction, and avoidance, as well as in agoraphobia. Both groups had higher physiological arousal in narrating condition in comparison to the video viewing condition, yet there was no between-group difference in the reactivity. No associations were found between SPAI measures, physiological reactivity, disfluency frequencies, and stuttering severity in the autistic group. In the control group, a negative association was found between physiological reactivity and total and typical disfluency frequencies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>SA or speaking-related physiological reactivity were not associated with disfluency frequencies or stuttering severity in autistic persons. Negative association between physiological reactivity and disfluency frequencies found in the control group may indicate that the physiological arousal may impact the speech production process by reducing the overt disfluencies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 106425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140536129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative skills and language comprehension in preschool children with cochlear implants: A comparison with children with Developmental Language Disorder or typical development","authors":"Marinella Majorano ,&nbsp;Valentina Persici ,&nbsp;Michela Santangelo ,&nbsp;Rachele Ferrari ,&nbsp;Beatrice Bertelli ,&nbsp;Elena Florit ,&nbsp;Manuela Lavelli ,&nbsp;Tamara Bastianello ,&nbsp;Letizia Guerzoni ,&nbsp;Domenico Cuda","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The narrative skills of children with cochlear implants (CIs) are fragile, but the factors at play and whether these difficulties could be similar to those detected in language impairment are not clear. The present study aims to assess, at the microstructural level, narrative skills, comparing children with CIs with children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) or Typical Development (TD). Furthermore, the relationship between verbal (lexical and morphosyntactic) comprehension and narrative skills across groups is investigated.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The narratives of 19 children with CIs (<em>M_age =</em> 62.42 months, <em>SD =</em> 6.83), 13 children with DLD (<em>M_age =</em> 65.38 months, <em>SD =</em> 4.27), and 18 preschool children with TD (<em>M_age =</em> 63.67 months, <em>SD =</em> 4.31) were assessed in a standardized task. Articles, prepositions, pronouns, gender and number agreement, accuracy in the use of verbs, and number of arguments in each sentence were analysed. Lexical and morphosyntactic comprehension were also assessed. Performance was compared across groups using ANOVAs or Kruskal–Wallis tests. The role of lexical and morphosyntactic comprehension in predicting each morphological and syntactic element in the narrative task was examined using linear regressions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Data analysis showed that both children with CIs and DLD had fragilities in narration, both in the morphological and syntactic components. Although some differences between children with CIs and those with DLD emerged in descriptive analyses, these were not statistically significant. Regressions showed that morphosyntactic comprehension predicted the number of pronouns produced only in the TD group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The scarce differences between CI and DLD groups and the absence of an effect of morphosyntactic comprehension on pronoun production may be due to their low production of these elements in the narrative task and/or to a difficulty in managing pronouns in an expressive task regardless of their ability to comprehend them. Potential implications of these results are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 106424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021992424000200/pdfft?md5=64bb0dba8f1b1f7e3fea62c1b1a99d9a&pid=1-s2.0-S0021992424000200-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140348107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}