Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the test of childhood stuttering (TOCS)

IF 1.8 3区医学 Q2 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Communication Disorders Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106524

Ayşe İlayda Mutlu , Ayşen Köse , Şadiye Bacık Tırank

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Propose

This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Test of Childhood Stuttering (TOCS).

Methods & Procedure

The TOCS was translated into Turkish, then back into English by a linguist, and reviewed by an evaluation committee. The translated version was administered to 50 children who stutter (CWS) and 50 who do not (CWNS). After 7–10 days, 12 randomly selected children were re-evaluated. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, test-retest methods, and inter-rater reliability. Content validity was confirmed through a pilot study and expert feedback. Construct validity was examined by analyzing test performance, comparing scores between CWS and CWNS, correlating modality test scores, and performing factor analysis. Criterion validity was assessed by correlating TOCS-TR scores with the Stuttering Severity Instrument-4 Turkish Version (SSI-4-TR).

Results

Internal consistency was high, with Cronbach's alpha at .89. The test-retest correlation coefficient for Speech Fluency Measure subtest were .95, the Speech Fluency Rating Scale subtest was .91, and the Disfluency-Related Consequences Rating Scale Index was .91. Inter-rater reliability showed excellent agreement. Content validity was culturally appropriate. Construct validity indicated an 82% positive predictive value, 100% sensitivity, and 78% specificity for the Speech Fluency Rating Scale and Disfluency-Related Consequences Rating Scale. Criterion validity showed 80% agreement with SSI-4-TR.

Conclusions & Implications

The TOCS-TR demonstrated strong reliability and validity, making it a valuable tool for assessing stuttering severity in children and distinguishing between CWS and CWNS

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来源期刊

Journal of Communication Disorders AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY-REHABILITATION

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Communication Disorders publishes original articles on topics related to disorders of speech, language and hearing. Authors are encouraged to submit reports of experimental or descriptive investigations (research articles), review articles, tutorials or discussion papers, or letters to the editor ("short communications"). Please note that we do not accept case studies unless they conform to the principles of single-subject experimental design. Special issues are published periodically on timely and clinically relevant topics.