Iranian Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Screening Results for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci: Three-Year Surveillance.","authors":"Zeynep Ayaydın, Ayşe Batgi Azarkan, Özge Alkan Bilik, Ali Cem Tekin","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Enterococci are facultative anaerobic, binary, or chained Gram-positive cocci. The gastrointestinal colonization of hospitalized patients is the most important reservoir of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. We aimed to evaluate retrospectively the screening results of vancomycin-resistant enterococci, studied by the simultaneous (real-time) polymerase chain reaction method on rectal swabs of adult and pediatric patients hospitalized in our hospital in 2019-2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult and pediatric patients were included in our study between Jan 2019 and Dec 2021. The results of vancomycin-resistant enterococci, studied with the real-time polymerase chain reaction method from rectal swabs sent from intensive care units and services, were analyzed retrospectively. Isolation of the samples was performed using the Fluorion VRE QLP 1.0 real-time polymerase chain reaction kit (Iontek, Turkey), and detection was performed with the Fluorion Detection System (Iontek, Turkey) real-time polymerase chain reaction device.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 31,725 patients were included in our study. When evaluated in order of years, in 2019, 379 (7%) of 5,389 adults, 322 (7.4%) of 4,003 children, 234 (5.5%) of 4,185 adults in 2020, 157 (2.4%) of 6,499 children, and in 2021, vancomycin-resistant enterococci were detected in 469 (7.5%) of 6,232 adults and 224 (4.1%) of 5,417 children.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci is greater in adults, particularly in intensive care units, compared to children. Infection control precautions and training be augmented in high-risk clinics, while the unnecessary utilization of glycopeptides should be limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1746-1753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation Potential and Body Mass Index in Assessing the Vital Activity of the Population in Mountain Regions.","authors":"Ainura Manasovna Satarkulova, Shadiya Yusupdjanovna Aisaeva, Kanykei Sadyrbekovna Keneshova, Asel Abdumomunovna Usenova, Shirin Syrgakovna Bakirova","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the functional state of the population of the midlands and highlands of Alai region (Kyrgyzstan) on the basis of body mass index (BMI) and adaptation potential (AP). The characteristic of people with overweight and underweight are presented. A clean dependence of AP on BMI was revealed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Alai region (Kyrgyzstan), 285 citizens of Gulcha village (1.540 m above sea level) and 312 citizens of Sary-Tash village (3.200 m above sea level) were examined in July-August 2023. Blood pressure (BP) was generally measured at rest in the seated position. The BMI and AP were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the midlands and highlands BP correspond to the physiological norm. The AP scores in the midlands region for men was 2.32 points, for women - 2.38 points, but in highlands areas these values were slightly higher: for men - 2.52 points, for women - 2.42 points. The total BMI values for men in the midlands and highlands were 23.39 and 23.24 kg/m² respectively, for women in the midlands this indicator became higher than normal (26.53 kg/m²), but in the highlands it corresponded to the norm (24.78 kg/m²).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is necessary to determine the value of AP, BMI and type of self-regulation of blood circulation when assessing the functional state of residents living in mountain areas. In the highlands overweight, which is one of the significant risk factors for health disorders, with tension of regulatory mechanisms can become a trigger for the development of cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1898-1902"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Autologous Cytokine-Induced Killer (CIK) Cellular Immunotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy in Non-Small-Cell Carcinoma (NSCLC): A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Cheng Zhong, Haowei Tang, Qun Wang","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the efficacy and safety of autologous Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cellular immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for non-small-cell carcinoma (NSCLC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature related to the efficacy and safety of autologous CIK cellular immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in NSCLC were collected. The Chinese literature databases were collected from CNKI, Wanfang and Weipu, and the English literature were retrieved from Cochrane Library and PubMed. All literature were retrieved until the year of 2022, and evaluated by its method quality and analyzed by RevMan5.3 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A Meta-analysis on the 11 included literature showed that the treatment efficacy and disease control rate (DCR) of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (<i>P <</i> 0.05), and significantly increased the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ indexes than the control group (<i>P <</i> 0.05), and the incidence of bone marrow suppression, liver injury and gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly lower than those of the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with single chemotherapy, CIK combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with NSCLC can improve the efficacy of treatment and DCR, significantly improve their immune function, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and is beneficial to the recovery of prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1722-1735"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Governance Ability of Urban Public Health Using EM-AHP-TOPSIS Method: A Case Study in China.","authors":"Ysijun Shou, Jixia Shou","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evaluating the governance capacity of urban public health is the key to improving the level of urban public health. We aimed to evaluate the governance ability of urban public health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An index system of governance ability of urban public health was established. The governance ability of urban public health was evaluated, and major constraints against the ability improvement were analyzed through the EM (Entropy Method)-AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)-TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) model and data of urban agglomeration in Yangtze River Delta, China in 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Suzhou, and Ningbo rank top 5 in terms of governance ability of public health, and they are in the first echelon. Hefei, Yancheng, Wuxi, Taizhou and Shaoxing rank 6-10, and they are in the second echelon. The remaining 17 cities are in the third echelon. Major sources of governance ability of urban public health and major factors that decrease governance ability are Medical Facility (A12), Health Improvement (A33), Medical Staff (A13), Government Ability (A11), and Health Loss (A34). For urban agglomeration in Yangtze River Delta, China, public health foundations, environmental exposure risks, public health performance, and public health emergencies all can influence the governance ability of public health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Accurate evaluation of the governance ability of urban public health can provide guidance and policy propositions to improve the governance system of public health and improve the emergency coordination ability of the government.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1815-1825"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Influential Variables on Health Expenditure of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) Countries.","authors":"Tugce Issever, Bahar Sennaroglu, Cem Cagri Donmez, Adnan Corum","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health expenditures of countries have an increasing trend in general and identifying variables affecting health expenditure is an important step toward budget planning for financial sustainability. This study aimed to examine the health expenditure of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and identify influential variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data for the years 2000-2018 of OECD countries' current health expenditure (% of GDP) and economic, demographic, and health variables, considered to affect the health expenditure, to include in the analysis were extracted using the World Bank database (World Bank 2021). Data analys using Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) decision tree technique. Fifteen variables in economic, demographic, and health categories are selected to build the CHAID decision tree.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As a result of CHAID analysis, five variables are identified as influential on current health expenditure, which are gross domestic product per capita, life expectancy at birth, death rate, out-of-pocket expenditure, and fertility rate. Thirty-seven OECD countries are classified into eleven groups by the decision rules in terms of the current health expenditure. The high value of the correlation coefficient between the predicted values and the actual values of health expenditure of countries indicates good prediction performance. Moreover, the regression models built using the identified influential variables as explanatory variables give good forecast accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As an effective tool, the CHAID decision tree technique provides a rule-based model in the form of a tree with nodes and branches, illustrating the splitting process graphically with identified variables and their cut-off points for classification and prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1847-1857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life and Functional Status of Patients with Lumbar Radiculopathy.","authors":"Elvis Mahmutović, Teodora Safiye, Emir Biševac, Aldina Ajdinović, Zerina Salihagić, Slaviša Minić, Zana Dolićanin","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quality of life (QL) of patients with lumbar radiculopathy (LR) stands for personal experience of the functional effect of the ailment and therapy applied to the patient. We aimed to evaluate the QL in patients with LR before the start of treatment, as well as three and six months following the start of medical rehabilitation, that was prescribed and implemented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research was conducted at the Special Hospital for Progressive Muscular and Neuromuscular Diseases in Novi Pazar, Serbia, from 2014 to 2016. A stratified, randomized sample included fifty patients with LR. All patients had an educational training program in ergonomics, physical therapy procedures, and kinetic and ergonomic therapeutic procedures as part of the conservative treatment. We employed two standardized questionnaires, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the SF-36, to evaluate the patients' condition, their QL, and the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In terms of SF-36 - PCS, SF-36 - MCS, and ODI, the lowest values were noted at the start of rehabilitation (PCS:35.5; MCS:37.8; ODI:51.5%). Three months later, there was a significant improvement in the scores (PCS:42.8; MCS:45.2; ODI:38.9%), and six months later, the scores were somewhat higher (PCS:49.2; MCS:40.6; ODI:23.7%) (<i>P</i><0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When comparing the conditions, the QL and functional status of patients with LR are significantly improved. They were better at three and six months compared to the start of rehabilitation and at six months compared to the condition at three months.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1837-1846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Mineral Density, Osteoporosis Prevalence and Influential Factors in Osteogenesis in Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Saba Behzadifard, Ali Arianezhad, Donya Nazarinia, Roya Behmanesh, Hosein Sinaei, Davood Alinezhad Dezfuli, Mahin Behzadifard","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoporosis and osteopenia considered as severe problems in Beta thalassemia major (BTM) that can lead to bone fractures. We aimed to investigate bone mineral density status and the laboratory parameters related to bone metabolism in BTM patients and compare the statically differences between the mentioned parameters in the patients with or without bone fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The results of laboratory parameters including; Hemoglobin (Hb), Calcium (Ca), Vitamin D (Vit D), Phosphorus (P), Magnesium (Mg), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Ferritin (FER), Serum Iron (SFe), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), T3, T4 and Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), and BMD (by using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) method) were investigated in 143 BTM patients from thalassemia center of Dezful University of Medical Sciences in 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-two women and 71 men with confirmed BTM diagnosis with age range (32.4 ± 9.7) were entered in the study. Laboratory parameters including TSH, T3, T4, ALP, FER 247) and SFe showed a significant difference between fracture and non-fracture groups respectively (<i>P</i>≤0.05). In this study, Z-Score between -1.1 and -2.4 was considered osteopenia, and below -2.5 was osteoporosis. Among the studied patients 36.6%, 39.1% and 24.2% had normal bone density, osteopenia and had osteoporosis respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Osteopenia and osteoporosis had a high frequency among the studied patients that can prone them to bone fractures. Continuous examinations of laboratory tests, especially T3, T4, TSH, FER, SFE, can be helpful for faster diagnosis and therapeutic interventions to prevent the occurrence of osteopenia and pathological fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1883-1889"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Emotional Labor, Work-Life Balance, and Empowerment on the Professional Quality of Life of Korean Nurses.","authors":"In Sun Kim, Hee Jeong Yoon, Yeon Ran Hong","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This descriptive survey study aimed to investigate the effects of emotional labor, work-life balance, and empowerment on nurses' professional quality of life (ProQOL) and provide foundational data for improving the ProQOL of Korean nurses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nurses who had been working for at least six months in hospitals in Yeosu, Suncheon, and Gwangyang, the Republic of Korea, were surveyed in April 2022. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected on general characteristics, emotional labor, work-life balance, empowerment, and ProQOL. The collected data were analyzed using frequency analysis, independent <i>t</i>-tests, analyses of variance, post-hoc tests, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ProQOL was negatively correlated with emotional labor (r=-0.550, <i>P</i><0.001) and positively correlated with work-life balance (r=0.680, <i>P</i><0.001) and empowerment (r=0.454, <i>P</i><0.001). Emotional labor (β= -0.27, <i>P</i><0.001), work-life balance (β=0.44, <i>P</i><0.001), and empowerment (β=0.28, <i>P</i><0.001) were identified as the predictors of ProQOL, such that reduced emotional labor and increased work-life balance and empowerment enhanced ProQOL. These factors explained 62.1% of the variance in the ProQOL of Korean nurses (F=42.86, <i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To enhance the ProQOL of Korean nurses, it is vital to help them adjust their work-life balance, decrease their emotional labor, and increase their empowerment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1736-1745"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Health Risk from Influenza Viruses: A Scientometric Analysis of Influenza Research.","authors":"Naved Ahmad, Mohammad Amees, Abid Fakhre Alam, Shaikh Mujeeb Ahmed, Saddam Hossain, Jalaluddin Khan, Mahfuz Raihan, Abdulmueen Alotaibi, Diwan Israr Khan, Mohammed Taher Ali","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Seasonal influenza and novel H1N1 influenza from 2009 present worldwide difficulties for public health sectors. It is difficult to distinguish between significant research output due to the rising quantity of papers mentioning this infectious disease. We aimed to identify a scientometric analysis of influenza diseases. We aimed to highlight the progress made in the discipline by the researchers affiliated with most documents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The h-index was used to evaluate the publication performance of highly cited papers. We retrieved the scientometric data using the keywords \"Influenza\" OR \"Flu\" OR \"Orthomyxoviridae\" AND \"Antiviral agents\" OR \"Antiviral drugs.\" In all, 59013 documents were retrieved from the Web of Science between 2011 and 2020. The exported data to Biblioshiny and Microsoft Excel tools included sources by year, active authors, active journals, and countries. Also, we made use of quantitative analysis with scientometric indicators and knowledge mapping through the VOSviewer visualization software for creating the network visualization maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found most papers written in English and other languages were from 402027 authors and listed in 4443 core journals. The researchers found that Palese P produced 155 and received an h-index of 55. The author Li Y has the highest contributions, with 313 publications. In global influenza research, Europe and North America are the most productive and impactful continents. The influenza research has been published in very few journals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study will help hospital librarians and other library professionals to understand the status of research on influenza at any given point in time.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1826-1836"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking and Its Impact on Orthodontic Treatment/Management Modalities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Haifa Ali Almutairi, Rowida Saleh Barayan, Huda Abutayyem, Haytham Jamil Alswairki, Ahmed Ali Alfawzan, Mohammad Younis Hajeer, Ahmed Saleh Albalawi, Khalid Hussain Ali Alruwaili, Rakhi Issrani, Namdeo Prabhu","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to review studies that evaluated the effect of cigarette smoking on orthodontic treatment methods and determine whether the smoke affected appliances in a way that could impair the effectiveness of the overall treatment strategy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were scoured using pertinent keywords, reference searches, and citation searches in accordance with the PRISMA protocol regarding articles published from 2008 till 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ultimately, 7 papers were chosen for further analysis at the end of the selection protocol. Overall pooled odds ratio (OR) for the impact of cigarette smoking on orthodontic treatment was 0.25 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.43), with high statistical significance (<i>P</i><0.00001) but also high heterogeneity (I² = 81%). The relative risk (RR) was 0.50 (95% CI: 0.38, 0.66), indicating a 50% greater risk of noticeable impact, with high statistical significance (<i>P</i><0.00001) and high heterogeneity (I² = 79%), and the risk difference (RD), which was -0.33 (95% CI: -0.45, -0.21), suggesting a 33% higher risk of noticeable impact, with high statistical significance (<i>P</i><0.00001) and high heterogeneity (I² = 81%). The high heterogeneity in all measures indicates significant variability in the results across the included studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All the 7 studies selected for our systematic review exhibited significant detrimental associations between smoking and orthodontic appliances and other modalities that were exposed to cigarette smoke. However, more studies need to be done in this regard, since the literature currently available on this relationship is quite poor and lacking in concrete evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"53 8","pages":"1709-1721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}