Iranian Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Effect on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer after Combination of Driver Gene Mutations and Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy as Well as Chemotherapy.","authors":"Zhengming Huang, Long Yu, Weisong Chen, Dan Zhu, Hui Chen","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to reveal the correlation between pathological indicators and PD-L1, between gene mutation status in lung cancer through clinico-pathological data and lung cancer-related gene mutation and PD-L1 expression analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China from 2017 to 2022. PD-L1 testing and targeted gene mutations detection were evaluated. The clinical characteristics of these non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples have been obtained. The groups (LUAD, n=142; LUSC, n=143) were grouped according to clinico-pathological features and PD-L1 expression (Yes/No or High/Low), and the clinico-pathological and genetic and molecular features and correlation with PD-L1 expression were compared across the above groups. Comparisons and analyses were made between different treatment schemes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD, n=142) and lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC, n=143) samples were enrolled (median age: 64 years old). Pleural invasion and M staging were significantly different from PD-L1 alterations (<i>P</i><0.05). The percentage of patients with PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS)≥50% was 36.24% and the percentage of patients with PD-L1 TPS<50% was 29.53%. The percentage of patients with PD-L1 high-expressed and treated by immunotherapy was 75.93% and 63.41% experienced Partial Response/Complete Response. The mutations ratio of <i>EGFR</i>, <i>ALK</i>, <i>KRAS</i>, <i>MET</i>, <i>RET</i> and <i>TP53</i> were 28.86%, 1.34%, 6.04%, 0.67%, 1.34% and 0.67%, respectively. <i>KRAS</i> mutation was significantly different from PD-L1 alterations (<i>P</i><0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are individual differences in PD-L1 expression, which can also vary depending on the different clinical features. Specific molecular features correlate with differential PD-L1 expression and may influence the response to therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Vulnerable Are the Elderly in Road Traffic-Autopsy Study?","authors":"Živana Slović, Ivana Andrić, Danijela Todorović, Filip Mihajlović, Snežana Đorđević, Olgica Mihaljević, Miloš Todorović, Katarina Vitošević","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to analyze characteristic and pattern of road traffic injuries in this special aging group, as well to examine the relevance of certain injuries or risk factors to outliving the injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This epidemiological, analytical, retrospective, autopsy study investigated the road traffic deaths for period between 2001 and 2022. The subjects were divided into two age groups, elderly (65 years and older) and middle aged (16-64 years old).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 213 (32%) elderly participants out of all 665 RTA subjects who died from sustained injuries or complications of the injuries. The majority of elderly subjects (61%) were pedestrians, and elderly participants in RTA were more likely to survive the injuries. The most common injuries among the elderly in all group of participants were chest injuries 81% (and among them, rib fractures were present in 76%). Cranio-cerebral injury is the most common cause of death in RTA subjects, singular (45%) or in combination with other causes. In the group of elderly RTA subjects complication of injury is represented in 36 subjects (17%), while as cause of death is represented in 22 subjects (10%). Elderly are less likely to have positive BAC, and even in cases when BAC was increased, the levels were on the lower scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More effort should be made to enhance road safety for elderly pedestrians, especially considering the expected rapid growth in the elderly population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Eating Disorders Screening in Adults with Celiac Disease in Morocco.","authors":"Btihaj Al Ibrahmi, Abdellatif Bour","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disease of the small intestine, related to gluten intolerance occurring in genetically predisposed patients. This study aimed to evaluate Mediterranean diet adherence, screen eating disorders and establish the relationship between Mediterranean diet and eating disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 81 adults with celiac disease, and 85 without celiac disease from Rabat-Sale-Kenitra hospitals between May 2022 and Nov 2022. The Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS) questionnaire was used to determine adherence to the Mediterranean diet and SCOFF questionnaire was used to screen eating disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in age (<i>P</i>=0.000), weight (<i>P</i>=0.041), height (<i>P</i>=0.000) and non-adherence to Mediterranean diet (<i>P</i>=0.032). Participants without celiac disease reported a significantly (<i>P</i>=0.032) lower adherence score to the Mediterranean diet (62.35%) than participants with celiac disease (29.62%). Additionally, the results of the Khi2 test which revealed a significant association between MDSS and SCOFF (<i>P</i>=0.024). In addition, based on logistic regression the Mediterranean diet Serving Score was significantly associated with eating disorders (<i>P</i>=0.025) in adults with celiac disease, on the other hand, weight, height, BMI and MDSS were significantly associated with eating disorders in adults without celiac disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed good adherence to the Mediterranean diet by celiac adults so it can be assumed that the Mediterranean diet could have a protective effect against eating disorders in celiac patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobiomodulation Therapy for Improvement of Body Contour: A Retrospective Study on Middle Eastern Participants.","authors":"Seyed Ebrahim Eskandari, Aniseh Samadi, Sina Kardeh, Yahya Dowlati, Hasti Ahmadian Yazdi, Alireza Firooz","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rising demand for body contouring and concerns about side effects of invasive surgical procedures have led to advances in providing new non-invasive alternative methods for weight reduction. The current retrospective study investigated the safety and efficacy of photobiomodulation technology in reducing local obesity in Middle Eastern participants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Providing data about body circumferences of 30 participants, with body mass index (BMI) >28 and localized obesity in the abdomen, thighs, buttocks, or arms were included in the final data synthesis. All the records were received at least 4 treatment sessions with the photobiomodulation technology (Volcano device) in Center for Research and training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy (CRTSDL) during June 2022-September 2022 Reductions in body standing circumferences as well as reported adverse effects and participants' satisfaction were retrospectively evaluated and reported. .</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The extricated data included 30 females participants aged 42.06 ± 11.6 years and localized obesity in the abdomen (15 cases), thighs (7 cases), hip (one case) and arms (7 cases). While BMIs were not significantly different from the baseline, abdominal, arm and tight circumferences showed a significant decline after receiving 4 and 6 treatment sessions (<i>P</i><0.01).. There was no report of adverse effect and overall satisfaction was an \"excellent\" grade.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of photobiomodulation in reduction of circumferential size in abdomen, buttock, thigh, and arm areas in Middle Eastern participants with high patient satisfaction and acceptable safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter (PM_2.5) on Depressive Mood among Korean Older Adults Using Multilevel Analysis.","authors":"Kyunghee Jo","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The harmful effects of particulate matter (PM) are amplified in older adults, who experience a decline in physiological function, reducing their ability to expel and detoxify inhaled PM. Moreover, older adults may be more vulnerable to fine particulate toxicity due to underlying medical conditions. We assessed the effects of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) on depressive mood (DM) in adults aged > 65 yr using community-based data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the 2017, Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) data, data of PM_2.5 and community factors were constructed based on participants who responded to DM in a sample of 67,802 individuals. To evaluate the effect of PM_2.5 on DM among older adults, a multilevel regression model was constructed using individual-(KCHS) and community-level data (PM_2.5, green area per capita, urban area, social welfare budget, health, and social business). For PM_2.5, an independent variable, quartiles were used to classify regions according to concentration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A positive correlation was found between PM_2.5 and DM of older adults. Compared to Q1, the odds ratio increased to 1.15 (95% CI 0.76-1.74) in Q2, 1.55 (95% CI 1.02-2.35) in Q3, and 1.60 (95% CI 1.16-2.20) in Q4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DM may increase in older individuals living in areas with high PM_2.5. Systematic mental health management is required for older individuals residing in such areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Virtual Patient Visits in the Intensive Care Unit on Postpartum Depression.","authors":"Serap Kaynak, Hatice Bal Yılmaz, Atika Çağlar, Mine Özdil","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal postpartum depression negatively affects the baby's emotional, behavioral, and cognitive development and attachment pattern. We aimed to examine the effect of virtual patient visits in neonatal intensive care unit on postpartum depression in mothers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Research data were obtained from mothers whose preterm infants were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit between April and December 2022. A total of 100 mothers of preterm infants (50 in the virtual patient visit and 50 in the control group) treated in the neonatal intensive care unit of a hospital constituted the sample of the study. Using the Zoom application, virtual patient visits were made for 5 minutes, seven days a week, between mother and the preterm infants, with no nursing intervention implemented for at least 30 minutes. Mothers in the control group saw their babies face to face two days a week. In standard hospital procedure, mothers saw their babies twice a week. Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS) was administered online to the all mothers before and after the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The research resulted with statistically significant decreased EPDS scores of the mothers in virtual patient visit group with the pre-study scores. A statistically significant decrease was found compared to the control group (<i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Virtual patient visits between preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit and their mothers could be effective in preventing or reducing postpartum depression of the mother.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurses' Perspectives on Risk Factors and Strategies to Control Workplace Violence: A National Survey in Vietnam.","authors":"Sinh Minh Do, Nguyet Thi Nguyen, Anh Thi Lan Mai, Mai Thi Thuy Vu","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to describe nurses' perspectives on risk factors and strategies to control workplace violence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To accomplish the study objectives, an online cross-sectional questionnaire-based investigation was conducted. The scales were developed in accordance with the guidelines provided by reputable organizations such as the International Labour Office (ILO), International Council of Nurses (ICN), WHO, and Public Services International (PSI), as well as previous scholarly works. Prior to implementation, the validity and reliability of the Likert scales were rigorously tested. The survey, conducted from March to May 2022, encompassed 163 public hospitals in Vietnam and was completed by 2,280 nurses employed in these institutions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to nurses' perceptions, several key risk factors contribute to workplace violence (WPV). These include low socio-cultural awareness among patients and their family members, overcrowding in hospitals, non-compliance with hospital regulations, unrealistic expectations regarding treatment outcomes, communication issues among staff members. To effectively control WPV, nurses propose a range of strategies. These include enhancing the quality of hospital services and the hospital environment, fostering a positive workplace culture, establishing a comprehensive system for reporting and responding to incidents of WPV and developing patient care protocols. These strategies are believed to mitigate the occurrence and impact of WPV, ensuring a safer and more secure work environment for nurses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Workplace violence in healthcare settings is influenced by organizational, clinical, and environmental risk factors. Nurses adopt a multi-component approach to manage workplace violence. This study provides valuable insights for developing effective strategies to combat workplace violence in Vietnam.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Potential Impact of CCR5-Δ32 Variant on COVID-19 Outcome: A Case-Control Study in Iranian Population.","authors":"Parisa Mashayekhi, Mir Davood Omrani, Asma Olhosna Amini, Mohammad Amin Omrani, Shahla Ganbari Milani","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of CCR5-Δ32 on COVID-19 outcomes has been the focus of much research. This genetic variant may protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection, while others have produced conflicting results. Given the controversial results of previous research on different populations, we aimed to investigate the possible association between the CCR5-Δ32 variant and COVID-19 severity in an Iranian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was conducted between 25^th of April till 10^th of October 2021 at Rasoul Akram Hospital of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. We investigated the association between CCR5-Δ32 genotype and COVID-19 severity in 200 unrelated Iranian patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 100 patients with severe COVID-19 (case group) and 100 patients with mild COVID-19 (control group). Genotyping of CCR5-Δ32 was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of CCR5-Δ32 allele was 11 in the case group and 16 in the control group. However, no significant association was found between this genetic variant and the clinical outcomes of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CCR5-Δ32 variant cannot serve as a reliable predictive factor for identifying individuals prone to developing severe COVID-19 in Iranian population. Additionally, targeting CCR5 would not be a viable treatment approach for COVID-19 in Iranians.</p>","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Nurses' Control of New Respiratory Tract Infections.","authors":"Eunha Jin, Aeri Jang","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16297","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Media and Adolescents (Opportunities and Threats): A Letter to Editor.","authors":"Zohreh Rahaei, Saeideh Rastjoo","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i8.16298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49173,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}