Journal of Infection in Developing Countries最新文献

{"title":"Integrative analysis of miRNA-RBP-splicing interactions during respiratory syncytial virus infection.","authors":"Mingzhen Cheng, Hongtao Xu, Fang Yuan, Shuangshuang Li","doi":"10.3855/jidc.22201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.22201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI), with incomplete elucidation of its pathogenesis and intricate host-virus crosstalk constraining the development of effective therapies. The post-transcriptional interplay among microRNAs (miRNAs), RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and alternative splicing (AS) is a critical, yet underexplored host response layer.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We integrated and analyzed three public datasets (GSE231784, GSE231788, and GSE155151) of RSV-infected A549 cells, screened differentially expressed miRNAs, identified conserved differentially expressed RBPs, used SUVA to detect AS events, and constructed a miRNA-RBP-AS network to find core axis. This integrated bioinformatics approach enabled systematic dissection of multi-layered post-transcriptional regulation during RSV infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed that RSV infection substantially alters host post-transcriptional regulation, with 86 conserved differentially expressed RBPs and 94 conserved AS events identified. A potential miRNA-RBP-AS axis was uncovered via regulatory network construction. Crucially, this axis suggests that the downregulation of let-7 family miRNAs (e.g., let-7f-2-3p, let-7a-3p) is strongly associated with the upregulation of the RBP genes SAMD4A and ENOX1. The expression of these RBPs, in turn, correlates with the AS of host genes that are implicated in viral replication and immunity, such as TNIP1 and NR5A2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings propose that RSV may exploit this post-transcriptional crosstalk to modulate host immunity and facilitate viral replication. Through bioinformatics analysis, this study provides a novel, system-level map of RSV-host interactions and identifies the let-7-SAMD4A/ENOX1-TNIP1/NR5A2 axis as a promising new target for future antiviral strategies, though this requires further experimental validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 7","pages":"962-973"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of pneumococcal carriage among children with respiratory viral infections in Türkiye.","authors":"Saliha Kanık-Yüksek, Selin Yıldız-Sametoğlu, Metehan Yaşar Tekin, Sümeyye Aybike Servi-Genç, Belgin Gülhan, Tuğba Erat, Hatice Kübra Konca, Seval Özen, Aysun Yahşi, Gülsüm İclal Bayhan, Sibel Aydoğan, Aslı Nur Özkaya-Parlakay, Bedia Dinç","doi":"10.3855/jidc.22818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.22818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The interaction between nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage (NPC) and respiratory viral infections (RVI) is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and epidemiology of NPC, and its correlation with RVI.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This retrospective study included patients aged < 18 years who presented with RVI symptoms between 1 February and 30 June 2023. Naso-oropharyngeal swabs were tested using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Streptococcus pneumoniae and respiratory viruses. Patients were grouped by NPC status and compared for viral detection, and clinical and demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NPC was detected in 15.7% (n = 1,185) of the 7,522 samples analyzed. The mean age was 56.5 ± 49.3 months, being significantly lower in NPC-positive patients (p < 0.001). Most (82%) were fully vaccinated against pneumococcus; 16% had underlying conditions. The most frequent viruses were adenovirus (17.2%), influenza B (9.0%), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (5.3%), respiratory syncytial virus (4.9%), and influenza A (2.8%). Adenovirus (19.7%) and influenza B (11.0%) were significantly more frequent in NPC-positive patients than in NPC-negative patients (p < 0.001 for both). Overall, 20.5% were hospitalized, and 2.4% required intensive care. Intensive care admission was higher among NPC-positive patients, whereas mortality did not differ.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NPC was epidemiologically associated with the detection of certain respiratory viruses, particularly adenovirus and influenza B. Given the retrospective design and lack of pneumococcal serotype data, these findings should be interpreted as associations rather than evidence of causality. Further prospective studies are warranted to clarify the bacterial-viral interactions and their clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 7","pages":"1004-1012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of standardized penicillin therapy on pregnancy outcomes in maternal syphilis: a retrospective cohort study (2013-2023).","authors":"Xiaolin Li, Yan Ji","doi":"10.3855/jidc.21616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.21616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the impact of standardized benzathine penicillin therapy on adverse pregnancy outcomes in high-titer toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST) positive (≥ 1:16) syphilis cases and refine prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) strategies.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed 2,229 pregnant women with syphilis from the National PMTCT System of Taizhou City (2013-2023). Standardized treatment was defined as 3 weekly intramuscular benzathine penicillin doses (2.4 MU each). Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for gestational age, maternal age, and comorbidities was used to analyze the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,651 women (74.1%) received standardized therapy and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes was significantly lower in this group compared to those with non-standardized treatment: perinatal death (0.55% vs. 2.60%), congenital syphilis (0.24% vs. 2.60%), preterm birth/low birth weight (7.81% vs. 16.78%), and total adverse outcomes (8.60% vs. 38.75%) (all p < 0.001). Adjusted analysis demonstrated 58% risk reduction with standardized treatment (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.31-0.57, p < 0.001). Early initiation (≤ 20 weeks) enhanced efficacy (aOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.45-3.10, p < 0.001), with married (aOR = 2.41) and educated women (aOR = 1.89) showing higher adherence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Standardized penicillin regimens significantly mitigate adverse pregnancy outcomes by 58%, emphasizing early diagnosis, timely treatment, and targeted patient education for PMTCT success. Marital status and education level were independently associated with treatment adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 7","pages":"997-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positivity rate of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) using multiplex PCR test in Indonesia.","authors":"Fariz Nurwidya, Ricky Tjahjadi, Arini Purwono, Linda Mahardhika, Fanny Fachrucha","doi":"10.3855/jidc.21753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.21753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is highly prevalent as a cause of acute respiratory tract infection. Detection of RSV using nucleic acid amplification tests provides rapid results that can help physicians manage patients with acute respiratory symptoms and avoid unnecessary antibiotics. This study aimed to report the positivity rate of RSV among patients with acute respiratory symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were obtained from primary healthcare facilities and hospital outpatient clinics from January 2023 to June 2024. The specimens were processed using the multiplex QIAStat-Dx Respiratory SARS-CoV-2 Panel (QIAGEN GmbH, Hilden, Germany).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1339 tests were performed and RSV was positive in 10.3% of tested patients (138/1339). Regarding the monthly positivity rate, the highest rate of RSV positivity was in November 2023, followed by January 2023, and March 2023.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows a moderate RSV positivity rate in outpatient settings and suggests a seasonal trend, with higher circulation during the rainy season. These findings highlight the value of RSV surveillance for guiding clinical and public health responses in tropical regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 7","pages":"926-931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and changes in age distribution of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Shaanxi, China, from 2004 to 2023.","authors":"Yuan Zheng, Bu-Yu Zhou, Yan-Hua Du, Ni Zhu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.22511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.22511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a serious viral disease in mainland China, and Shaanxi Province is one of the most severely affected areas. In order to reduce HFRS incidence, an inactivated bivalent vaccine against Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Seoul virus (SEOV) infections was developed and used in China since the 1990s.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the spatial, temporal, and population distribution of HFRS along with changes in age distribution in Shaanxi Province from January 2004 to December 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 34,265 HFRS human cases were reported in Shaanxi Province, including 25,737 males and 8,528 females. HFRS cases were geographically concentrated in the Guanzhong Plain. The local incidence of HFRS fluctuated remarkably over the past 20 years. The primary peak was from October to January. The proportion of HFRS cases in the 15-60 years age group showed a decreasing trend. However, the proportion of HFRS cases among the > 60 years age group increased by 150.94%, rising from 11.68% to 29.31%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data from a 20-year surveillance study shows that the proportion of HFRS cases in individuals over 60 years of age has increased significantly, which may potentially be due to vaccine coverage limitations. The results can be used to adjust the prevention and control measures of HFRS and to consider age-expanded vaccination strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 7","pages":"1061-1067"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community and healthcare-associated UTIs: antimicrobial resistance patterns in a Tunisian emergency-intensive care unit.","authors":"Manel Ennaceur, Sofien Bouzazi, Sonia Chouaieb","doi":"10.3855/jidc.21837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.21837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a leading cause of antibiotic use globally, with rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) complicating management-particularly in healthcare settings.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study compared community-acquired (CA-UTI) and healthcare-associated UTIs (HA-UTI) at the Habib Thameur Hospital's emergency-intensive care unit in Tunis during 2022-2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of a total of 4,474 urine samples, 446 (10%) were culture-positive. The patients were predominantly elderly (73.3% were ≥ 60 years). More females had CA-UTI (M:F = 0.57) than HA-UTI (M:F = 0.78). Escherichia coli was the main pathogen causing both CA-UTI (57.4%) and HA-UTI (44.6%), while Klebsiella pneumoniae was the more common pathogen in HA-UTI (26.1% vs. 23.3%). Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 90.6% of isolates. Among the K. pneumoniae isolates, resistance to imipenem was significantly higher among HA-UTI isolates (29.2% vs. 5.9%; p = 0.02). Among the E. coli isolates, resistance to nitrofurantoin was significantly higher among HA-UTI isolates (3.7% vs. 12.5%; p = 0.01). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae were detected in 8.5% of isolates (mostly E. coli and K. pneumoniae), and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in 8.7% (predominantly K. pneumoniae in HA-UTI). CRE showed near-complete β-lactam resistance and high non-β-lactam resistance in HA-UTI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rising UTI rates and alarming AMR trends, particularly in HA-UTIs, highlight the need for enhanced antibiotic stewardship and tailored empirical therapy. The predominance of multidrug-resistant strains underscores the urgency for infection control measures in Tunisian healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 7","pages":"990-996"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological survey for Toxoplasma gondii infection in two riverside communities in Northeastern Brazil.","authors":"Wellington S Rosa, Lara Cs Vieira, Camila T Souza, Victor O Martinez, Antônio Márcio S Fernandes, Helen Rss Matos, Joelma N De Souza, Neci M Soares, Ana Lm Amor, Márcia Ca Teixeira, Carina C Santos","doi":"10.3855/jidc.22242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.22242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Toxoplasmosis, a zoonosis caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is a significant global public health concern. Riverside communities often face unfavorable socioeconomic conditions that can lead to increased exposure to pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in two riverside communities in Northeastern Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted between April/2022 and August/2024, involving the populations of the cities of Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu and Cachoeira in the Recôncavo Baiano region, Northeastern Brazil. Sociodemographic data were collected, and serological tests were performed to evaluate anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 237 individuals were tested serologically for toxoplasmosis. The majority were female, self-identified as Black, with family incomes below the minimum Brazilian wage. In Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu, 40/74 (54.1%) individuals presented reactive anti-T. gondii IgG, while one (1.4%) was reactive for IgM. In Cachoeira, 80/163 (49.1%) were reactive for anti-T. gondii IgG, while 6 (3.7%) presented seropositivity for IgM. Individuals aged 31 years or older (Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu) and 15 years or older (Cachoeira) were associated with a higher chance of presenting anti-T. gondii IgG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study contributes to our understanding of the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and associated risk factors in riverside communities. The seroprevalence rates of toxoplasmosis identified in this study, including IgM-positive cases, reinforce the urgent need for interventions to prevent toxoplasmosis in riverside populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 7","pages":"1078-1084"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic resistance and bacterial profiles in an Iranian hospital (2018-2021).","authors":"Hamid Malvirani, Behnaz Deihim, Aziz Kassani","doi":"10.3855/jidc.22384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.22384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health challenge, complicating the treatment of bacterial infections. This study investigated the prevalence of AMR among clinical isolates in an Iranian hospital from 2018 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This four-year retrospective study was conducted at Ganjavian Hospital in Dezful, Iran. A total of 4,522 clinical specimens were analyzed. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using standard microbiological methods and the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, and interpreted per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Chisquare tests for trend, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for resistance proportions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,282 bacterial isolates were recovered; of which 78% were Gram-negative, with Enterobacterales constituting the predominant group (51.4%). Among Escherichia coli isolates, 72.3% (95% CI: 69.9-74.6%) were non-susceptible to ceftriaxone. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales was 41.4% (95% CI: 39.2-43.6%), with significant annual variation observed during the study period (χ² = 5.48, p < 0.001). Acinetobacter spp. exhibited high resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (94.1%; 95% CI: 91.1-96.2%). The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 29.7% (95% CI: 25.6-34.1%), and 40.0% of Enterococcus spp. were vancomycin-resistant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced infection-control and antimicrobial-stewardship programs. The high rates of resistance among common pathogens underscore the complexity of treating infections in critical care settings. This study emphasizes the necessity for surveillance and the development of targeted interventions to combat AMR, ensuring that effective treatment options remain available.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 7","pages":"1013-1020"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two unfavorable cases of Plasmodium falciparum infection returning from Tanzania.","authors":"Junjie Li, Yaman Du, Junhai Lu, Yue Chen, Yu Liang, Jian Wu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20790","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Malaria has been eradicated in China; however, with the expansion of international trade in recent years, imported malaria cases have become non-negligible.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report two cases of patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum who returned from Tanzania to Yunnan, China. The patients sought treatment at different hospitals after developing symptoms, mainly fever. However, the exact cause was not identified in time, and the patients' condition worsened progressively. Although the patients were finally diagnosed with malaria infection and received specific antimalarial drugs in our hospital, both died because of missing the optimal treatment window.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chinese doctors should enhance their awareness of Plasmodium detection and receive professional training for timely diagnosis of malaria patients who return home after being infected abroad.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 7","pages":"1099-1103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of infectious diseases in a West African tertiary hospital: a two-year retrospective study at CHNU de Fann, Senegal.","authors":"Alassane Sarr, Dunia Alves, Viviane Mp Cissé-Diallo, Papa Lj Diouf, Daouda Thioub, Louise Fortes, Moussa Seydi","doi":"10.3855/jidc.22166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.22166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite progress in prevention and treatment, infectious diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in West Africa. Hospital-level data are limited. This study aimed to assess the burden, clinical spectrum, and outcomes of infectious diseases at a referral hospital in Senegal.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A retrospective study of all non-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infectious disease admissions at the Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de Fann from January 2021 to December 2022 was conducted. Sociodemographic, clinical, diagnostic, and outcome variables were recorded. Logistic regression identified factors independently associated with in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,098 patients (median age 42, 57.2% male) were included. Tuberculosis (TB; 21.8%), malaria (13%), and community-acquired pneumonia (9.2%) were the leading diagnoses. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was present in 28.1% of patients, with 58.4% having opportunistic infections. Overall mortality was 25.0%. Independent predictors of death included HIV-positive status (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.4-3.2), neurological involvement (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2-2.5), age > 60 years (OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1-3.1), and sepsis (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.5-3.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Infectious diseases remain a leading cause of hospitalization and death in Senegal. Improving early diagnostics, integrating TB/HIV services, and expanding access to fungal testing are crucial to improve outcomes in resource-limited hospital settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"20 6","pages":"864-868"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148425623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}