{"title":"Clinical misconceptions and diagnostic delays in extrapulmonary tuberculosis: an evaluation on 89 cases.","authors":"Emel Gürcüoglu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20731","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has highly variable clinical findings, and has a more difficult diagnostic process than pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The aim of this study was to examine the difficulty of the diagnostic process in 89 cases that applied to different clinics in our hospital, with different complaints.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 89 patients diagnosed with EPTB between March 2020 and March 2024 were included in the study. EPTB diagnosis was determined by excluding patients with primary PTB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the cases was 47.84 ± 19.23 years, and 52 (58.4%) of the patients were women. There was a significant relationship between the affected area and gender (p < 0.001). The rate of peripheral lymphadenopathy (LAP) involvement was much higher in women than that in men (85.2% vs. 14.8%). Pleural involvement was 6.5-fold higher in men than in women (51.4% vs. 7.8%). There was also a significant relationship between the affected area and the time to diagnosis (p < 0.001). While peripheral LAP cases were diagnosed late, patients with pleural involvement were diagnosed more quickly (p < 0.001). The rate of smoking addiction was high in males with pleural involvement (79.9%). Quinolone use was 77.4% in the early-diagnosed group and 54.9% in the late-diagnosed group (p = 0.110).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Due to the difficulty of diagnosis, EPTB should be included in the differential diagnoses of all relevant medical specialties, and insistence should be made for the diagnosis in the presence of clinical suspicion.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1074-1082"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of the SARIMA-LSTM model to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for Visceral Leishmaniasis.","authors":"Mengchen Han, Chongqi Hao, Zhiyang Zhao, Peijun Zhang, Bin Wu, Lixia Qiu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20739","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study proposes a combined Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Long Short-Term Memory (SARIMA-LSTM) model to enhance the accuracy of evaluating the effectiveness of visceral leishmaniasis prevention and control efforts in Yangquan, China.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Data were obtained from the Yangquan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. The hybrid model integrates a SARIMA component with a residual-based LSTM neural network.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the SARIMA-LSTM model, the LSTM component included seven hidden layer nodes, a learning rate of 0.001, 500 training epochs, a batch size of 256, and utilized the Adam optimization algorithm. The SARIMA-LSTM model demonstrated superior performance (MSE = 2.824, MAE = 1.279, RMSE = 1.681). A paired samples t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between predicted and actual case counts (t = -4.058, p < 0.001), indicating that the actual number of cases was lower than predicted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combined SARIMA-LSTM model outperformed the individual SARIMA and LSTM models, suggesting that the implemented interventions were generally effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1115-1120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of the distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species isolated from clinical specimens in central part of Turkey.","authors":"Burak Ezer, Selin Ugrakli, Enes Kasapoglu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20880","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to examine the distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species in a university hospital and investigate the association of Candida species with age, gender, and clinical specimens.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 939 samples isolated Candida spp. from various clinical samples between 01.01.2019-06.08.2024 were included in the study. Between 01.01.2019-29.04.2022, Candida species and antifungal susceptibilities were determined using Vitek2 automated system. Between 30.04.2022-06.08.2024, Candida species were detected using the Phoenix automated system and MALDITOF-MS, and antifungal susceptibilities were determined by the gold standard method of broth microdilution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Candida albicans was detected in 511 (54.4%) and non-albicans candida species (NAC) in 428 (45.6%) of the samples with Candida spp. growth. The most frequently detected species were C. albicans in 511 (54.4%) samples, C. parapsilosis in 215 (22.9%) samples, and C. glabrata in 85 (9.1%) samples. The MIC values of all antifungals were statistically significantly higher in NAC species than in C. albicans (p < 0.001). C. tropicalis was isolated most frequently in CSF, C. albicans was isolated most frequently in ocular corneal fluid, C. tropicalis was isolated most frequently in pleural fluid and C. albicans was isolated in all vaginal discharge samples. The higher MIC values of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin in C. parapsilosis isolates were statistically significant compared to C. albicans and C. glabrata (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Investigating the distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species is vital to initiate appropriate and early empirical antifungal therapy. Each center should determine its species distribution and closely monitor antifungal resistance changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1132-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simone Perazzoli, Miriãn Fm Fiuza, Paulo Cezar De Moraes, Renata Heck, Fernanda Sl Vianna, Renan R Bonamigo
{"title":"Prevalence of genetic variants in SERPINB2 and PKNOX1 genes in erythema nodosum leprosum patients from southern Brazil.","authors":"Simone Perazzoli, Miriãn Fm Fiuza, Paulo Cezar De Moraes, Renata Heck, Fernanda Sl Vianna, Renan R Bonamigo","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20688","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a humoral immune response to Mycobacterium leprae that is characterized by erythematous nodules, and may or may not be associated with systemic symptoms. Thalidomide is the primary treatment for ENL in Brazil, but peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a significant adverse effect. Genetic variants in SERPINB2 and PKNOX1 genes have been implicated in the predisposition to develop thalidomide-induced peripheral neuropathy (TiPN) in patients with multiple myeloma. This study evaluated the prevalence of the polymorphisms in SERPINB2 and PKNOX1 in ENL patients.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of ENL patients from southern Brazil to assess the presence of genetic variants of SERPINB2 and PKNOX1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-seven patients with ENL were included. The prevalence of SERPINB2 (rs6103) was 66% for the C allele and 34% for the G allele, and the prevalence of PKNOX1 (rs2839629) was 75% for the A allele and 25% for the G allele. There was significantly relevant presence of the PKNOX1 (rs2839629) A allele in patients with ENL (p < 0.001). In the case of patients with PN, the presence of the C genotype for rs6103 (SERPINB2) was 85% in homozygosity and 77.3% in heterozygosity; and the presence of the A genotype for rs2839629 (PKNOX1) was 84% in homozygosity and 80% in heterozygosity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Polymorphisms in SERPINB2 and PKNOX1 were identified in patients with ENL, with emphasis on PKNOX1. If confirmed by more robust future studies, these findings may guide clinical decisions and treatment guidelines for ENL.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1083-1088"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Çağla Keskin Sarıtaş, Halit Özsüt, Aysun Benli, Seniha Başaran
{"title":"Differences between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients' bloodstream infections: a single-center retrospective study.","authors":"Çağla Keskin Sarıtaş, Halit Özsüt, Aysun Benli, Seniha Başaran","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20929","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to examine the differences between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and non-COVID-19 patients with intensive care unit (ICU)-associated bloodstream infections (BSIs), in terms of epidemiological, clinical, microbiological, and outcome data.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>All patients who were followed up in the ICU of a university hospital between 18 March 2020 and 18 April 2022, and who had developed ICU-acquired BSI, based on the study criteria, were selected and divided into 2 groups: COVID-19 and non-COVID-19. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze differences between the groups. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine mortality risk factors in BSI patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>234 patients were treated for ICU-acquired BSI, 127 COVID-19 and 107 non-COVID-19. Respiratory sources were significantly more common in COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients (43.3% vs. 26%, p = < 0.01). Among the causative pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii (24.4% vs. 5.6%, p ≤ 0.01) and Gram-negative multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria (81.7% vs. 61.7%, p = 0.020) were detected more frequently in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients. The duration of antibiotic use in the hospital before BSI was longer in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients, and this was also associated with BSI in which Gram-negative MDR bacteria were active (p = < 0.01). Survival times after BSI were shorter in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients (p = 0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrated that MDR microorganisms were prevalent in COVID-19 patients with ICU-acquired BSI, and this was partly due to antibiotic use in the hospital prior to BSI.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1015-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khouloud Slimene, Salem K Almahjoub, Aldukali A Alkeskas, Ahmed I Elbousify, Elham O Omar, Allaaeddin A El Salabi, Elhussan A Mohamed, Mohammed I Hameid, Souad Alsanosi, Dhouha Miniaoui, Jean-Marc Rolain, Chedly Chouchani
{"title":"Molecular characterization and diversity of carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacteria in Libyan hospitals.","authors":"Khouloud Slimene, Salem K Almahjoub, Aldukali A Alkeskas, Ahmed I Elbousify, Elham O Omar, Allaaeddin A El Salabi, Elhussan A Mohamed, Mohammed I Hameid, Souad Alsanosi, Dhouha Miniaoui, Jean-Marc Rolain, Chedly Chouchani","doi":"10.3855/jidc.18674","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.18674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance has become a major threat to public health, especially in developing countries, due to the uncontrolled consumption of antibiotics. This study aims to characterize antibiotic resistance genes in different bacteria recovered in different healthcare facilities in Libya.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>379 samples were recovered from various sources from different sites. 210 samples were able to grow on culture media. 133 Gram-negative carbapenem-resistant strains were recovered from clinical specimens (n = 64), and hospital environments (n = 69). Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed to select carbapenem-resistant strains. Colistin resistance was tested by the UMIC method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. RT-PCR was conducted to detect the incidence of carbapenemases-encoding genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gram-negative bacteria showed a low susceptibility to carbapenems. Molecular investigations indicated that NDM-1 was the most prevalent in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from patients and hospital environment (n = 26, n = 41), followed by blaOXA-48 (n = 16, n = 15) and blaVIM (n = 3) from patients and blaKPC (n = 1) from hospital environment. Concerning A. baumannii, blaOXA-23 was detected in strains isolated from patients (n = 8) and hospital environment (n = 6), followed by blaNDM (n = 9) from patients and one from hospital environment. Carbapenem resistance in P. aeruginosa was encoded by modification in OprD encoding gene, such as IS (ISpa26), polymorphism, and a premature stop codon.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Several carbapenem resistant Gram-negative bacteria were identified by the expression of different carbapenemases and the alteration of OprD.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1089-1099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid bedside testing for septic arthritis: evaluating cost-effective diagnostic tools.","authors":"Pranav Rajasekharan, Atmananda Hegde, Prajwal Mane, Chethan Shetty, Rishit Anand","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20882","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diagnosing septic arthritis through synovial fluid culture and analysis can be time-consuming, and the limited accessibility of these tests in primary and secondary healthcare centers restricts their utility in emergency situations. Therefore, there is a pressing need for an alternative, rapid, and reliable test to significantly reduce morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of leucocyte esterase (LE) and glucose reagent strip tests for the early diagnosis of septic arthritis.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 75 individuals presenting with atraumatic native joint effusion. Following arthrocentesis, bedside LE and glucose strip testing were performed, along with synovial fluid culture and analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 75 cases, 25 (33.3%) were diagnosed with septic arthritis based on standard diagnostic tests. The LE strip test showed a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 70%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 60%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 94%. The glucose strip test demonstrated a sensitivity of 88%, specificity of 76%, PPV of 67%, and NPV of 93%. Combining the two tests resulted in a sensitivity of 84%, specificity of 88%, PPV of 77.8%, and NPV of 91.7%. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 80% for the glucose strip test, 77.3% for the LE strip test, and 86.7% for the combined results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The LE and glucose strip tests are cost-effective bedside assessments for the rapid diagnosis of septic arthritis. Combining the results from both strip tests yielded greater diagnostic accuracy than each one alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1108-1114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhe Li, Shuhua Zhu, Jing Jiang, Yang Wang, Yuchao Zhou, Lixuan Lou, Shutian Xu, Shijun Li
{"title":"Applying metagenomic next-generation sequencing to analyze infections in immunosuppressed patients with chronic kidney disease: A single-center retrospective study.","authors":"Zhe Li, Shuhua Zhu, Jing Jiang, Yang Wang, Yuchao Zhou, Lixuan Lou, Shutian Xu, Shijun Li","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20713","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This retrospective study evaluated the diagnostic value and clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for detecting infections in immunosuppressed CKD patients.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Data from immunosuppressed CKD patients who were suspected of having an infection and admitted to Jinling Hospital from 2018-2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the conventional microbiological testing (CMT)-confirmed infection group (Group I), clinically diagnosed infection group (Group II), and exclusion of infection group (Group III), and the efficiencies of microbiological detection with mNGS and CMT were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the 303 patients included in this study, 2 (1, 3) types of immunosuppressants were used for a median duration of 7 (2, 50) months. In Group I, 38.79% of the mNGS results were completely consistent with the CMT results, 27.88% were partially consistent, and 33.33% were inconsistent. In Group II, 57.69% of the infecting pathogens were detected by mNGS. Furthermore, 2 patients in Group III had positive NGS results. mNGS outperformed CMT in terms of the time to a positive test and the detection of mixed or rare microbial pathogens (p < 0.05). The sensitivity and accuracy of the detection of infectious pathogens were greater for mNGS than for CMT (p = 0.014).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>mNGS can improve the sensitivity and accuracy of infectious pathogen detection in immunosuppressed CKD patients. mNGS is a promising emerging technique for detecting pathogens in CKD patients, with potential benefits in speed and sensitivity, and may provide more diagnostic evidence for the detection of mixed, opportunistic, and rare infectious pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1030-1038"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nagwan Galal El Menofy, Mahmoud M Tawfick, Mona Shaban E M Badawy
{"title":"Molecular study of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing wound infection in an Egyptian tertiary hospital.","authors":"Nagwan Galal El Menofy, Mahmoud M Tawfick, Mona Shaban E M Badawy","doi":"10.3855/jidc.19953","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.19953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterial pathogen that causes various acute and chronic human infections, including wound and burn infections, with serious consequences. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of P. aeruginosa isolated from wound infections and investigate the molecular mechanism of carbapenem resistance.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Forty-nine P. aeruginosa wound infection isolates were collected from a tertiary care hospital in Cairo, Egypt, from September 2022 to September 2023. The resistance profile of P. aeruginosa isolates was determined by the disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of meropenem susceptibility, and detection of metallo‑β-lactamase (MBL) production by imipenem-EDTA combined disc test. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized to identify the carbapenem resistance genes, blaKPC, blaNDM-1, and blaOXA-48 among carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) isolates. The ERIC-PCR was used to assess the genetic diversity and relatedness among CRPA isolates. The results were presented as descriptive statistics in percentages and relative frequencies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that 44.9% (22/49) of P. aeruginosa isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), meropenem resistant, and MBL producers. PCR assays showed that out of 22 CRPA isolates, six isolates (6/22, 27.3%) harbored the blaNDM-1 gene, and three (3/22, 13.6%) carried the blaOXA-48 gene, while none of the isolates had the blaKPC. ERIC-PCR-based genotyping demonstrated a significant molecular heterogeneity, indicated by 16 ERIC-based patterns or fingerprints among 22 CRPA isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The resistance profile demonstrated by P. aeruginosa in wound infections suggests the need for effective hospital infection control and antibiotic policies in developing countries. The CRPA isolates were polyclonal, highlighted by their substantial genetic heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"997-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Salomon Sáenz de-León, Rogelio de Jesus Treviño-Rangel, Ricardo Olvera Calderón, Diego Carrion-Álvarez, Carlos Alberto Calderón Díaz, Hiram Villanueva-Lozano
{"title":"Iatrogenic infection by atypical mycobacteria: a case report of M. phlei infection in an immunocompetent patient simulating breast malignancy.","authors":"Carlos Salomon Sáenz de-León, Rogelio de Jesus Treviño-Rangel, Ricardo Olvera Calderón, Diego Carrion-Álvarez, Carlos Alberto Calderón Díaz, Hiram Villanueva-Lozano","doi":"10.3855/jidc.21174","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.21174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Atypical nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) constitute a diverse group of environmental organisms capable of causing infections in immunocompromised patients. Mycobacterium phlei has limited documentation of clinical disease in the literature.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present the case of a 68-year-old immunocompetent female with type II diabetes mellitus and a recent history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. One month postoperatively, the patient developed localized wound complications followed by the appearance of a growing axillary mass. Imaging studies suggested possible malignancy (BIRADS-4), but histopathological evaluation revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation without malignant cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the diagnosis was a rare case of lymphadenitis due to M. phlei, confirmed by histology and molecular diagnostics. The patient responded favorably to combination antibiotic therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Through this report, we share our experience and expand the understanding of this entity, emphasizing the importance of considering this differential diagnosis and establishing appropriate guidelines for therapeutic decision-making, emphasizing in NTM.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1138-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}