Journal of Infection in Developing Countries最新文献

{"title":"Association between Chronic Hepatitis B and Osteoporosis: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Zhi-Xiang Du, Li Wang, Miao-Yang Chen, Yi-Fan Hu, Yan-Dan Zhong, Qing-Fang Xiong, Yang Li, Yong-Feng Yang","doi":"10.3855/jidc.19562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Evidence suggests that metabolic abnormalities caused by chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are associated with osteoporosis (OP). However, whether there are causal relationships between CHB and OP remains undetermined. The present study assessed the causal effect of CHB on OP via two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We performed a two-sample MR study using summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of the CHB and OP patients derived from the BioBank Japan Project (BBJ). The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with CHB were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary statistical method to identify the consequence between CHB and OP. We additionally applied the other methods (weighted median method, simple mode method, and weighted mode method) to examine the consistency of the results. Cohran`s Q test and Pleiotropy test were used to determine the horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneities of these IVs on OP. The leave-one-out sensitivity test was used to evaluate the effect of a single IV on the ME results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inverse-variance weighted analyses suggested that CHB was significantly associated with OP (OR = 1.011, 95% CI = 1.011 - 1.063, p = 0.005) without pleiotropy. The results of the heterogeneity test and the pleiotropy test revealed free heterogeneity and no pleiotropy in our IVW analysis (p > 0.05). Similar associations were detected with the weighted median and weighted mode methods (OR = 1.042, 95% CI = 1.007-1.079, p = 0.017; OR = 1.011, 95% CI = 1.011-1.063, p = 0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This MR study revealed the causal effect of chronic hepatitis B on osteoporosis in East Asians.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 3","pages":"446-451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing doctors' decisions to prescribe antibiotics to inpatients in public hospitals: a qualitative study.","authors":"Lai S Kong, Farida Islahudin, Kwee C Koh, Leelavathi Muthupalaniappen, Wei W Chong","doi":"10.3855/jidc.19891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to understand the factors that influence doctors' decisions to prescribe antibiotics to inpatients in Malaysian public hospitals and to identify potential targets for quality improvement interventions.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A qualitative study was conducted from October 2020 to July 2021 using a semi-structured interview technique with doctors in the internal medicine, surgical, and orthopedic departments of 6 public hospitals in Malaysia. Purposive sampling was applied to select doctors with at least 6 months of working experience, and interviews were conducted until data saturation. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data by generating codes and grouping into main themes and subthemes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two doctors were recruited for interviews, and 5 interrelated themes were generated. The complex decision-making process for prescribing antibiotics involved intra-personal and socio-cultural context of the hospital settings. The prescriber-related factors affecting decision-making included prescribers' competency, attitude, and the influence of other prescribers; and patient-related factors included clinical presentation and medical history. Orthopedic and surgical practices frequently considered surgery-related factors and types and sources of infection. Antibiotic-related factors consisting of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties were also determinants. Organization setting-related factors included organizational policies, working environment, and resource availability; and these were mainly described by respondents from limited-resource hospitals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides valuable insights into the intrinsic and extrinsic factors and barriers that influence doctors' decisions to prescribe antibiotics to inpatients in Malaysian public hospitals. These findings should be considered when developing future interventions aimed at improving antibiotic prescribing practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 3","pages":"391-403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital-based seroepidemiological analysis of varicella antibodies in children without history of varicella disease.","authors":"Zhongyang Zhang, Zengsheng Chen, Xiaofan Li, Ping Hu, Sicheng Hao, Sitong Liu, Feng Yang","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There are no published studies on the anti-varicella zoster virus (VZV) IgG antibody status of children in Qingdao. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate anti-VZV antibody status in hospital-based children aged 0-13 years without a history of varicella disease.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Children aged 0-13 years in Qingdao were included in the study population. The demographic data and vaccination histories of all the subjects were obtained from the Shandong Information System for Immunization Program. Varicella disease history data was obtained from the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for detecting anti-VZV IgG in serum samples, and the seropositivity rate and geometric mean concentration (GMC) of the antibody were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 983 children were included in the study. The seropositivity rate was 55.04%, and the GMC was 121.74 mIU/mL. The seropositivity rate and antibody GMC were significantly higher in females than in males (p < 0.05) and significantly higher in children aged 4-6 years than in children aged < 4 years and 7-13 years (p < 0.001). The seropositivity rate and GMC in children increased with vaccine dose (p < 0.001). In contrast to the considerable decline in antibody levels 3-5 years after one dose of varicella vaccination, antibody levels observed at least 8 years after two doses of varicella vaccination showed no considerable decline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Two-dose varicella vaccination is recommended for inclusion in China's national immunization program.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 3","pages":"452-457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrococcus caseolyticus in early-onset neonatal sepsis, Kassala, Sudan.","authors":"Abdualmoneim O Musa, Antonella Santona, Mohamed Aa Desogi, Maura Fiamma, Ali Adam, Duaa H Ibrahim, Faiza A Hajedriss, Fatima A Almake, Mahmoud T Faki, Mohamed I Awadap, Elisa Taviani, Salvatore Rubino, Bianca Paglietti","doi":"10.3855/jidc.21090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.21090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neonatal sepsis, a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signs of infection in newborn infants (< 28 days old), are a significant cause of neonatal mortality and long-term morbidity globally, particularly in low- and middle- income countries.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the first case of neonatal sepsis caused by Macrococcus caseolyticus in a 48-hours old newborn who attended to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Kassala Specialized Hospital for Pediatrics in Sudan, with signs of severe bacterial infection. M. caseolyticus is an opportunistic pathogen normally associated with veterinary and food-borne infections. Empirical antibiotic therapy was promptly initiated following blood sampling and culture, resulting in recovery within 4 days. M. caseolyticus was identified by mass spectrometry and confirmed by whole genome sequencing. The isolated strain, KaM20, was resistant to tetracycline, due to the presence of the tet(L) gene; and harbored several virulence-associated genes. Phylogenetic analysis including M. caseolyticus genomes from the GenBank suggested an animal origin for KaM20.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case presents a rare instance of neonatal sepsis caused by M. caseolyticus; indicating potential zoonotic transmission of this pathogen, through maternal or environmental exposure to animals in the rural household. The findings emphasize the need for increased awareness of zoonotic infections in neonatal care, particularly in regions where exposure to animals is common; and underscore the importance of understanding the complex interplay between host factors, environmental exposures, and microbial pathogens, in the development of neonatal sepsis; reinforcing the need of a 'One Health' approach in addressing emerging infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 3","pages":"462-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among blood donors in Burkina Faso, April 2022.","authors":"Salam Sawadogo, Yacouba Diallo, Koumpingnin Nebie, Bertrand Ivlabèhirè Meda, Corneille Ydriss Djerma, Georges Pengdwendé Ouedraogo, Donatien Kima, Serge Mamadou Sawadogo, Amadou Kafando, Sinaré Coulibaly, Bachirou Cheickh Ashmed Nana, Dieudonné Yetema Yonli, Martin Ouedraogo, Anita Pierrette Siritie, Sylvie Zida, Charlemagne Sanhitouo Dabire, Rakiatou Traore, Kadidiatou Aïna Konate, Anita Benao, Seimbou Zalla, Sonia Sontie, Veronique Deneys, Eléonore Kafando, Gautier Henri Ouedraogo","doi":"10.3855/jidc.18381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In Sub-Saharan Africa, the true extent of the COVID-19 pandemic is not known due to the low number of tests performed and the large proportion of asymptomatic cases in the populations. This was a seroprevalence study of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in blood donors to assess the extent of virus circulation in Burkina Faso.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>It was a cross-sectional study that included unpaid blood donors between March and April 2022. A rapid diagnostic test was used to screen SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in donors' plasma. Adjustment was made based on the performance of the test evaluated in a national quality control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3,084 blood donors were recruited, of whom 58.7% were male and 59.8% were from urban areas. The mean age was 22.9 ± 5.8 years, with donors aged 20 to 29 years accounting for 64.2%. The adjusted seroprevalence was 87.2%; 95% CI (86.4- 87.9). There was no difference in SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity between men and women, and between urban and rural areas. Donors aged 30-39 years had 0.5-fold lower odds of having SARS-CoV-2 antibodies than those under 20. Similarly, compared to Bobo-Dioulasso, blood donors from the Dédougou, Fada N'Gourma, and Koudougou centres had 0.5, 0.2, and 0.5 times lower odds of having SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study indicates a high population exposure to SARS-CoV-2, in contrast with the official reports from the national surveillance system. It underscores the need to strengthen surveillance and public health interventions both in urban and rural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 3","pages":"353-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with long COVID at a pandemic hospital in Turkey: a prospective observational study with 3-month follow-up.","authors":"Belma Akbaba Bağcı, Celal Satıcı","doi":"10.3855/jidc.18998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms and identify the prognostic factors in patients who continued to have symptoms for ≥ 3 months. The occurrence of symptoms was compared based on gender.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This was a prospective cohort study performed at a tertiary chest hospital in Turkey. The clinical features of patients with COVID-19, health anxiety scores, and the course of symptoms at admission and follow-up were compared based on gender. The primary outcome was the distribution and rate of persistent symptoms at the third month; and the secondary outcomes were the number and distribution of symptoms by gender, and the relationship between symptoms and health anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 110 patients (mean age of 45 years) were followed. Of these, 53 (48%) patients were females. Forty-seven (43%) patients, including 17 (32%) females, were hospitalized. The number of highly symptomatic patients with mild disease severity (level 2) was significantly higher among females than males (p = 0.008). Eighty-one (74%) patients followed had at least 1 symptom persisting at the end of the third month. During the 3-month follow-up, the total number of symptoms and health anxiety scale scores were significantly higher in females (p = 0.04 and p = 0.004, respectively), especially in females aged < 50 years (p = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thus, persistent symptoms remained at a high rate at 3 months post-COVID; and gender and neuro-psychiatric factors should be discussed in the etiology of long COVID.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 3","pages":"342-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of Mycobacterium leprae in the lachrymal film of leprosy cases, health staff, and healthy individuals.","authors":"Josmar Sabage, Luís E Sabage, Andrea Ff Belone, Gislaine A Querino, Luciana R Fachim, Luiza Pinheiro, Marcos Cl Virmond","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Leprosy is still endemic in some countries, and interruption of the infection chain is essential to reduce its burden. This article aims to verify if the lachrymal film of leprosy cases and non-leprosy can be a site of relevance in the early molecular detection of M. leprae.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>the quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique was used. The sample included 54 patients with leprosy compared to 49 health professionals working at a hospital specialized in leprosy (staff), and 51 healthy individuals outside the hospital without theoretical contact with patients (outsiders). The qPCR was used for the detection of Mycobacterium leprae in lacrimal samples of different clinical forms, where molecular detection was based on the overlap of the Specific Repetitive Element.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>M. leprae DNA was demonstrated in all three groups in significantly increasing proportions among the outsiders, staff, and patient groups, respectively, 13.7%, 37.8%, and 42.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mycobacterium leprae, in endemic countries, is present in the environment and can transmit to humans, regardless of the determination of the infection process and immune response. Known to be a direct and aerial transmission microorganism, it was also found that M. leprae is present in the tear film, being more prevalent in leprosy cases than in the general population. These findings may have epidemiological repercussions along the disease's transmission chain.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 3","pages":"424-430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of the central sterilization supply department, an integral part of the hospital.","authors":"Brijesh Bal, Anitha Balaraju","doi":"10.3855/jidc.18646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The central sterile supply department (CSSD) is an integrated unit in a hospital that facilitates the sterilization process. Sterilization destroys all bacteria, viruses, spores, and other microorganisms from the surface of medical devices and supplies, including fluids, which cause the spread of infection when used during patient care. This department sterilizes reusable medical devices, linen, and surgical instruments by physical or chemical methods.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We adopted a systematic literature review method for this study. There are few comprehensive studies on the CSSD. This extensive review of CSSD is based on information retrieved from scientific databases (Google Scholar and Web of Science) and grey literature from organizations. All publications on safe and feasible methods of disinfection and sterilization processes in hospitals were reviewed. Information on workflow, responsibilities, infection prevention control (IPC) protocols, physical requirements, staffing requirements, and any special equipment used in the process of sterilization were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 300 articles were identified and relevant articles were selected for this review. The information was summarized to guide optimal standard settings for sterilizing reusable items in the CSSD. Special emphasis was given to identifying any unique methods or resource-demanding techniques of disinfecting and sterilizing, and any predefined layout that may facilitate maximum IPC and hygiene.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This comprehensive review of the literature may serve as a guide for hospital IPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 3","pages":"325-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels are associated with fatal outcomes in patients with SFTS in China.","authors":"Xiaoyi Liu, Fan Zhang, Jinping Qiao, Wentao He","doi":"10.3855/jidc.19939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with a high mortality rate and is a public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the associations of serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels with the prognosis of SFTS patients.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 95 patients with confirmed SFTS were included. Clinical and laboratory data were compared between the survival and non-survival groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess independent risk factors for mortality. The predictive efficacies of laboratory markers were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan‒Meier curves based on the log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The levels of IL-6 and IL-10 at admission were significantly greater in the non-survival group than in the survival group (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the IL-6 and IL-10 levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were independent risk factors for a poor prognosis in patients with SFTS. ROC curve analysis revealed that the IL-6 and IL-10 levels and the APTT had a greater predictive value than other measured laboratory markers. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that SFTS patients with IL-6 > 39.5 pg/mL or IL-10 > 45.2 pg/mL had significantly lower survival within a 30-day follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The levels of IL-6 and IL-10 at admission are the best markers for predicting in-hospital mortality of SFTS patients and have potential prognostic value in patients with SFTS.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 2","pages":"273-279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae and phenotypic detection of their virulence factors along with classical strains among patients visiting tertiary care hospital.","authors":"Tika Bahadur Thapa, Sujina Maharjan, Nisha Giri, Manisha Sapkota, Ojaswee Shrestha, Puspa Raj Khanal, Govardhan Joshi","doi":"10.3855/jidc.19456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A new strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae named hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae emerges with a distinctive feature to classical strains. Infections due to hypermucoviscous strains have increased with significant mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae and compare their virulence with the classical strains phenotypically.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>One hundred-five clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae isolates proceeded for the study. A modified string test evaluated the hypermucoviscosity. The determination of antibiotic susceptibility was done using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. A phenotypic combination disk test was used to detect β-lactamases (ESBL, MBL, and KPC). Serum resistance was determined by the viable count method, and biofilm production by the microtiter plate method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The modified string test detected 27.6% (29/105) of isolates as hypermucoviscous and 72.4% (76/105) as classical K. pneumoniae. Most K. pneumoniae were resistant to ceftazidime (80%) and cefotaxime (78%), and 46.7% were resistant to both imipenem and meropenem. A combination disk test identified 53.3% of ESBL, 28.6% of MBL, and 17.2% of KPC producers. Furthermore, 24.8% of K. pneumoniae were biofilm producers, and 39% were found to be serum resistant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In comparison, classical strains were more likely to develop ESBL, MBL, KPC, and biofilms while hypermucoviscous strains have higher serum resistance. The present study revealed that hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae strains are prevalent and can be associated with metastatic invasive infections. Therefore, appropriate treatment strategies and timely diagnosis of these strains to limit their infection are crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 2","pages":"258-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}