Journal of Infection in Developing Countries最新文献_第2页

Nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS in Erbil City: a cross-sectional study.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.19104

Hemn K Qadir

{"title":"Nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS in Erbil City: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Hemn K Qadir","doi":"10.3855/jidc.19104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19104","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lack of knowledge about the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the primary reason behind the discriminatory attitudes of nurses towards people living with HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS.Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 188 nurses working in two major public hospitals in Erbil city. The study participants were selected using a census method. The questionnaires were designed to specifically evaluate the nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26.Results: The mean score of knowledge about HIV/AIDS was 65.60 ± 9.79, which was at a moderate level. The mean score of attitudes toward HIV/AIDS was 36.64 ± 10.34, which was at a poor level. There was a low negative correlation between knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS (p = 0.009). Married individuals and Muslims had higher knowledge, while participants aged over 30 years had a more positive attitude. Single individuals, urban residents, and Christians had more positive attitudes compared to their counterparts.Conclusions: Lack of knowledge of HIV/AIDS and its transmission can impede the care process, while a positive attitude towards patients with AIDS is essential for providing compassionate care. Therefore, it is crucial to explore effective strategies that can enhance healthcare providers' knowledge and attitudes towards patients with AIDS. This approach can improve the quality of care provided to this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 2","pages":"298-305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in the intensive care unit: risk factors related to carbapenem resistance and mortality.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.18775

Melek Ayan, Ali K Çelik

{"title":"Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in the intensive care unit: risk factors related to carbapenem resistance and mortality.","authors":"Melek Ayan, Ali K Çelik","doi":"10.3855/jidc.18775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18775","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in intensive care units (ICUs) are increasing worldwide. Morbidity and mortality rates are quite high in these infections due to limited treatment options and various risk factors. We determined the rate of carbapenem resistance, risk factors for carbapenem resistance, mortality rate, and risk factors associated with mortality in nosocomial infections in the adult ICU.Methodology: We reviewed the medical records of nosocomial infected patients retrospectively, according to the surveillance diagnostic criteria established by the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed on the Phoenix 100 system (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD, USA). During carbapenemase gene analysis, blaKPC, blaOXA-48, blaNDM-1, and blaIMP genes were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Potential risk factors were statistically analyzed.Results: Carbapenem resistance was detected in 52/76 of these patients (68.4%). The OXA-48 gene was present in all isolates, and the combination of OXA-48 and NDM-1 was found in 40.4% isolates. The overall mortality rate was 59.2% (45/76). Presence of malignancy; intubation; antibiotic use in the last 3 months; and quinolone, glycopeptide, carbapenem, and antifungal use were determined as risk factors for the development of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae. Mechanical ventilation, presence of carbapenemase and pan-resistant status, and glycopeptide use were independent risk factors for mortality.Conclusions: The data obtained in this study will guide the control measures for this infection and the rational use of antibiotics, and will contribute to the decrease in mortality rates.","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 2","pages":"248-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risks associated with the discharge of poultry slaughterhouse waste in public landfill sites in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.20125

Monique A Ainyakou-Sanga, Bernadette G Goualie, Romuald C Kipre, Daniel K Kra, Germain Tago Karou

{"title":"Risks associated with the discharge of poultry slaughterhouse waste in public landfill sites in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.","authors":"Monique A Ainyakou-Sanga, Bernadette G Goualie, Romuald C Kipre, Daniel K Kra, Germain Tago Karou","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20125","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The poultry sector in Côte d`Ivoire is expanding and generating huge quantities of waste. This study aimed to analyze the risks associated with the discharge of poultry slaughterhouse waste in public landfill sites in Abidjan.Methodology: The chemical and microbiological analysis of 30 poultry slaughter waste samples from 10 Abidjan communities were evaluated using high performance liquid chromatography and detection of pathogenic bacteria on specific media, respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was determined using the agar diffusion method.Results: A total of 4 antibiotic molecules - sulfamethoxazole, oxytetracyclin, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin - were detected in analyzed samples with levels ranging from 1500 ± 22 to 16200 ± 129 µg/kg. Moreover, 270 bacterial strains including 71 Salmonella, 109 Escherichia. coli, and 90 Staphylococcus aureus were isolated. Among E. coli isolates, 16.5% and 19.3% were identified as enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) respectively. Among the Salmonella strains, 45% were positive for the virulence gene inva. The levels of antibiotic resistance were between 12 and 67%, with high level of resistance observed for imipenem in E. coli, and for amoxicillin/clavulanic and ampicillin in Salmonella strains. The highest rates of resistance in S. aureus were for fluoroquinolones (23.0-45.0%), fusidic acid (42.2%), and sulphonamides (77.8%). Moreover, multidrug resistance to 3, 4, and 5 antibiotic families was detected in 14.8%, 10%, and 2.2% of the 270 tested strains, respectively.Conclusions: These results indicate the necessity of managing this waste to reduce its negative effect on the environment and public health.","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 2","pages":"280-288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of viral respiratory infections in the winter season (2024/25): what we have learned so far and the need to strengthen disease surveillance and prevention.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.21401

Leidon Shapo

引用次数: 0

A content review of COVID-19-related apps used in Vietnam.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.19329

Linh Tran, Federica Cucé, Nguyen Thanh An, Kadek Agus Surya Dila, Nguyen Hai Nam, Doan Le Nguyet Cat, Lee Wei Jun, Farrukh Ansar, Fatima Abdallh, Au Vo, Nguyen Tien Huy

{"title":"A content review of COVID-19-related apps used in Vietnam.","authors":"Linh Tran, Federica Cucé, Nguyen Thanh An, Kadek Agus Surya Dila, Nguyen Hai Nam, Doan Le Nguyet Cat, Lee Wei Jun, Farrukh Ansar, Fatima Abdallh, Au Vo, Nguyen Tien Huy","doi":"10.3855/jidc.19329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19329","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Various digital applications (apps) have been developed as an aid to address the novel issues caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Vietnam has experienced a proliferation of apps for this purpose. This review aims to evaluate all Vietnamese COVID-19 apps, analyzing their features, functionality, advantages, disadvantages, and ethical issues to inform developers, communities, and governments on the most desirable features of COVID-19 apps and the user's opinions.Methodology: A systematic search was conducted on October 1, 2022, on PubMed, Scopus, Google, and the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) News's official website to identify COVID-19 apps available in Vietnam. The apps were evaluated through user reviews and content analysis of their specific features and drawbacks.Results: Thirty Vietnam-based COVID-19 mobile apps were identified on the Apple and Google Play Store. Their functions were recorded and analyzed using a dedicated tool for appraising mobile applications. Although useful, many specific COVID-19 features were dispersed and duplicated between the apps. The most comprehensive apps still lack important functionalities, such as vaccination information. The most serious user concerns were privacy breaches during data recording and storage, technical issues, and non-user-friendly interfaces.Conclusions: The panorama of current COVID-19 apps in Vietnam is complex and includes many apps. Their overlap in features and functions could create a dispersion of mobile users that could undermine the apps' usefulness and effectiveness in combating the pandemic in Vietnam. An app that integrates the most useful features and addresses the main issues could facilitate user experience and usage uptake.","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 2","pages":"208-220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of dengue virus seroprevalence in four boroughs of Mexico City among persons aged 5-35 years in 2022.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.20020

Eleazar Coba-Alcalá, Lilia Chihu-Amparán, Irma Yvonne Amaya-Larios, Susana Román-Pérez, Rene Santos-Luna, Lorena Suárez-Idueta, Sonia López-Álvarez, Cristal Morales-Trevizo, Jesús Felipe González-Roldán, Ruth Aralí Martínez-Vega, José Ramos-Castañeda

{"title":"Evaluation of dengue virus seroprevalence in four boroughs of Mexico City among persons aged 5-35 years in 2022.","authors":"Eleazar Coba-Alcalá, Lilia Chihu-Amparán, Irma Yvonne Amaya-Larios, Susana Román-Pérez, Rene Santos-Luna, Lorena Suárez-Idueta, Sonia López-Álvarez, Cristal Morales-Trevizo, Jesús Felipe González-Roldán, Ruth Aralí Martínez-Vega, José Ramos-Castañeda","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20020","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dengue is currently the most widespread vector-borne disease, and its transmission has been intensively studied in endemic/hyperendemic localities. However, to obtain a complete picture of dengue transmission, it is necessary to study nonendemic localities. Imported dengue cases have been reported in Mexico City, and the presence of eggs of the vector Aedes aegypti has been detected.Methodology: In the present study, we determined the prevalence of IgG antibodies against Dengue virus in four city boroughs via random cluster sampling in individuals aged 5-35 years.Results: The weighted seroprevalence rate was 1.90% (95% CI 0.75-4.75) at Xochimilco, 1.81% (95% CI 0.64-5.00) at Venustiano Carranza, 1.81% (95% CI 0.54-5.83) at Tlahuac, and 5.48% (95% CI 1.96-14.43) at Gustavo A Madero; seropositivity was concentrated in the adult group, many of whom lived in dengue-endemic localities. The distribution of seroprevalence in the four boroughs is very homogeneous and unrelated to the number of vector eggs in the borough.Conclusions: These data suggest that there is still no autochthonous transmission of dengue in Mexico City. However, it is important to note that the structural conditions of the dwellings in these boroughs, which offer minimal barriers to vector infestation, could facilitate the establishment of local transmission under favorable conditions.","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 2","pages":"306-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and atherosclerosis in a physical examination population and its influencing factors.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.19227

Lei Han, Ruijuan Gu, Hatira Jingsihan, Yushan Wang, Alina Abulaiti, Linnan Qu

{"title":"Correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and atherosclerosis in a physical examination population and its influencing factors.","authors":"Lei Han, Ruijuan Gu, Hatira Jingsihan, Yushan Wang, Alina Abulaiti, Linnan Qu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.19227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19227","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the influence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection on carotid atherosclerosis (AS) in the physical examination population.Methods: This study included physical examination patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (May 2021-May 2023). Participants underwent a carbon-13 urea breath test (13C-UBT), HP antibody detection, and carotid AS assessment via colour Doppler ultrasound. The patients were divided into the HP-infected group and the non-infected group based on 13C-UBT results, with the HP-infected group further subdivided into high-risk and low-risk groups based on antibody detection. General data, laboratory indexes and carotid AS indexes were compared between the groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse carotid plaque (CP) formation risk factors.Results: The HP-infected group showed significantly higher body mass index levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and serum uric acid levels than the non-infected group (p < 0.05). The high-risk group demonstrated significant age differences, body mass index, hypertension, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and blood uric acid levels compared with the low-risk group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression identified age, smoking, systolic blood pressure and glycosylated haemoglobin as CP formation factors between the infected and non-infected groups (p < 0.05). Between the high-risk and low-risk groups, age, smoking, diabetes, systolic blood pressure and high-risk HP were identified as CP formation factors (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Helicobacter pylori infection, particularly high-risk HP infection, advances carotid AS in the physical examination population, with high-risk HP infection serving as a risk factor for CP formation.","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 1","pages":"28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of diagnostic methods for detection of trichomoniasis in symptomatic women with vaginal discharge.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.18460

Gargee Mishra, Kavita Gupta, Srujana Mohanty, Subarna Mitra, Arvind Kumar Singh

{"title":"Evaluation of diagnostic methods for detection of trichomoniasis in symptomatic women with vaginal discharge.","authors":"Gargee Mishra, Kavita Gupta, Srujana Mohanty, Subarna Mitra, Arvind Kumar Singh","doi":"10.3855/jidc.18460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18460","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vaginal discharge is a common gynecological condition among reproductive age women. Common infections include bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and trichomoniasis. Prevalence of trichomoniasis varies with geographical area and the diagnostic techniques used. This study was conducted to compare various diagnostic methods for detection of trichomoniasis among women of the reproductive age group.Methodology: The study was conducted from January 2021 to July 2022, and 114 patients were included. Vaginal discharge was collected from the lateral wall of the vagina and posterior fornix using four swabs for bedside culture into Kuperberg media, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), wet mount, Giemsa staining, Gram staining, and culture on blood agar for Candida spp. Nugent scoring in Gram stain was used to determine BV.Result: BV was identified in 21.05% (24/114), VVC in 6.14% (7/114), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) in 4.4% (5/114) by PCR. However, TV was detected only in three patients by wet mount, Giemsa stain, and culture. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for wet mount and Giemsa stain were 100% for each parameter compared to culture; while sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 100% and 98.2% for PCR. All patients with TV presented with greenish frothy discharge (pH > 4.5) and vaginal wall inflammation.Conclusions: Culture remains the standard diagnostic approach and is cost effective; but it has major shortcomings such as the need for faster sample transportation and longer turnaround time. PCR can detect non-viable trichomonads and can provide early and accurate diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 1","pages":"155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yearly incidence of acute childhood gastroenteritis in Nigeria: Implicated pathogens predominantly harbor blaCTXM and blaTEM genes.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.18716

Ebuka Elijah David, Ikechuku Okorie Igwenyi, Ifeanyichukwu Romanus Iroha, Eghosa Lucky Emumwen, Christian Emmanuel Offor, Okechukwu Jerry Orji, Franklyn Chinwe Igwe, David Chukwu Obasi, Jeff Onochie Nkama, Boniface Oke, Moses Eji Ogbanshi

{"title":"Yearly incidence of acute childhood gastroenteritis in Nigeria: Implicated pathogens predominantly harbor blaCTXM and blaTEM genes.","authors":"Ebuka Elijah David, Ikechuku Okorie Igwenyi, Ifeanyichukwu Romanus Iroha, Eghosa Lucky Emumwen, Christian Emmanuel Offor, Okechukwu Jerry Orji, Franklyn Chinwe Igwe, David Chukwu Obasi, Jeff Onochie Nkama, Boniface Oke, Moses Eji Ogbanshi","doi":"10.3855/jidc.18716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18716","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Routine use of antibiotics for infectious diarrhea in children is associated with the risk of increasing antibiotic resistance in developing countries. This work aimed to study the predominant extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes among bacteria pathogens implicated in acute childhood gastroenteritis in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.Materials and methods: The stool samples of children diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis were collected. Isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens from the stool samples using standard microbiological and molecular sequencing methods. Pure cultures of the probable bacteria pathogens were subjected to antibiotics susceptibility profiling using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Method and also screened for ESBL and AmpC using the Modified Double Disc Synergy Test. Primers for 5 different ESBL genes associated with beta-lactam antibiotic resistance were amplified and sequenced.Results: Out of the 62 isolates, the highest number of organisms identified within the isolates were Bacillus sp at 38.7% (24) followed by Alcaligenes sp at 37% (23). Resistance to cefepime and ceftazidime were recorded at 50.8% (30) each. Ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were resisted in 47.4% (28) of the isolates. Out of 34 isolates resistant to all the cephalosporins used, 41.2% (14) were ESBL-producing, of which blaCTXM-1 and blaCTXM-2 were detected in 85.7%, while blaTEM was seen in 64.3%.Conclusions: blaCTXM and blaTEM may be the predominant ESBL genes haboured in the bacteria pathogens implicated in the yearly incidence of acute childhood gastroenteritis in Nigeria. This may be due to the widespread use of antibiotics in treating this disease.","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 1","pages":"40-48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acyclovir desensitization. A case report and a review of desensitization strategies.

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.20300

Federico Spataro, Roberto Ria, Nada Choul, Angelo Vacca, Antonio G Solimando, Attilio Di Girolamo

{"title":"Acyclovir desensitization. A case report and a review of desensitization strategies.","authors":"Federico Spataro, Roberto Ria, Nada Choul, Angelo Vacca, Antonio G Solimando, Attilio Di Girolamo","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20300","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acyclovir is a synthetic purine nucleoside analog that is used to treat infections caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) by targeting the viral enzyme thymidine kinase. However, its use can lead to hypersensitivity reactions (HR) in rare cases, resulting in treatment discontinuation. Rapid drug desensitization (DD) by intravenous or oral administration protocols are used in these patients in order to avoid treatment discontinuation. This approach has been proven to be effective and safe. Here, we review all the desensitization strategies adopted so far, and also report our experience.Methodology: We reviewed all reports related to acyclovir desensitization; focusing on skin test results, protocols and premedication performed, and their effectiveness. We also report on the case of a 74-year-old woman affected by multiple myeloma who developed HR to acyclovir. She underwent skin tests, and lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) with acyclovir, and was subsequently subjected to oral desensitization.Results: Six articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this review, along with a case report. All DD procedures were well-tolerated, with only mild reactions reported in one patient. Skin tests gave negative results but one result was deemed doubtful response. Moreover, the LPT performed in our case had positive result, indicating a hypersensitive immune response to acyclovir.Conclusions: Acyclovir desensitization is a safe and effective approach for patients experiencing HR. Standardized in vivo and in vitro testing are required to better estimate the risk of DD and find the safest individualized DD protocol.","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 1","pages":"174-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0