Journal of Infection in Developing Countries最新文献

{"title":"Detection of pathogens and epidemiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia in children using metagenomic next-generation sequencing.","authors":"ShiQu Deng, YaLi Wu, PeiYun Hu, JianLiang Lin, Jingming Yao, Bin Wang","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common respiratory disease in children and a significant factor in child mortality.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We aimed to investigate metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology to explore pathogens and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric CAP. We retrospectively analyzed mNGS detection and microbiological culture results of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and sputum samples from children with CAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the predominant pathogen. Bacteria/fungi detection rates using mNGS in sputum and BALF were higher than those using microbiological culture (p < 0.05). Cytomegalovirus was the predominant pathogen in children aged 0-1; Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the predominant pathogen in those over 1. Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, human bocavirus 1, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the predominant pathogens in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>mNGS is superior to traditional microbiological culture for pediatric CAP potential pathogen detection. CAP pathogenic infection characteristics at different ages and seasons detected by mNGS will benefit clinical practitioners in the prevention and treatment of pediatric CAP in their local/regional areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 8","pages":"1189-1195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and sex distribution trends of SARS-CoV-2 infections: Insights from three epidemic waves in Puducherry, India.","authors":"Lourduraj John De Britto, Arya Rahul, Dinesh Sundaram, Balakrishnan Vijayakumar, Thirumal Sankari, Muthukumaravel Subramanian, Raja Jeyapal Dinesh, Philip Raj Abraham, Panneer Devaraju, Yasin Nazeer, Ayyanar Elango, Balasubramaniyan Ramalingam, Kulandaisamy Athisaya Mary, Suchi Tyagi, Rituraj Niranjan, Paramasivan Rajaiah, Mayilsamy Muniaraj, Narendran Pradeep Kumar, Irudayaraj Geetha, Ananganallur Nagarajan Shriram, Adinarayanan Srividya, Vijesh Sreedhar Kuttiatt, Ashwani Kumar","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study analyzed the age and sex distribution of COVID-19 patients during the initial three COVID-19 waves in Puducherry, India, from August 2020 to March 2022, to understand the distribution of infection across different demographic groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The disease surveillance program conducted at ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre processed 79,705 Throat Swab/Nasal Swab (TSNS) samples received from various institutions in Puducherry through the Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP). Real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) was performed following approved protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Test positivity rates during the second (14.6%) and third waves (25.1%) were significantly higher than the first wave (11.4%). In the first wave, children (p < 0.001) and elderly individuals (p = 0.017) had a lower risk of testing positive than adults. However, in the second wave, elderly individuals had a 1.12 (95% CI: 1.03 - 1.23) times greater risk of contracting COVID-19 (p = 0.013). Children had a lower risk of testing positive across all waves (p < 0.001). A significant sex difference was noted only in the first wave, with males having a 1.27 (1.18-1.37) times greater chance of being COVID-19 positive. The mean age of female patients was significantly younger than male patients in the third wave (p = 0.008). The third wave showed an increasing trend of infection across all age groups and sexes, especially among younger individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights an increasing trend of infections across all age groups and sexes during the third wave. Micro-epidemiological analyses are crucial for developing targeted intervention strategies that address age and sex demographics effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 8","pages":"1143-1151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV viral load suppression amongst the incarcerated populations in Cameroon.","authors":"Akemfua Fualefac, Jerome Fru-Cho, Patrick-Kofon Jokwi, Julius N Mbekem, Lucy Ma Ndip, Achiangia P Njukeng","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite increased national and international funding to combat the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic, prison health services remain underfunded, resulting in poor HIV management among inmates. This study assessed viral suppression rates among HIV-positive inmates across four central prisons in Cameroon to evaluate the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in these settings.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study included four central prisons-prisons A, B, C, and D-each located in different regions of Cameroon. Data were obtained from patient records, and blood samples were collected from inmates eligible for viral load (VL) testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 268 inmates receiving first-line ART were enrolled. The overall viral suppression rate, defined as VL < 1000 copies/mL, was 89.9%. The suppression rates in the four prisons were 94.25%, 87.69%, 78.95%, and 50% for Prison C, D, A, and B, respectively. There was a strong association between viral suppression and the specific prison (p < 0.001). Inmates on dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimens had significantly higher suppression rates (p = 0.027). Moreover, prisons supported by the United States President's Emergency Plan for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Relief (PEPFAR) reported better suppression outcomes compared to non-PEPFAR-supported facilities (X²(1) = 13.28, p = 0.000268).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the disparities in HIV care across correctional facilities and highlight the need for harmonized clinical management of HIV in prisons. Ensuring equitable access to comprehensive HIV services is essential for achieving the 95% VL suppression target among incarcerated populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 8","pages":"1239-1244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of parents' knowledge on HPV vaccine uptake - evidence from Albania.","authors":"Miranda Çela, Elinda Gjata, Enkeleda Sinaj, Vjollca Ndreu, Migena Gega, Orgeta Dervishi, Ledi Neçaj, Brizida Refatllari, Esmeralda Sinaj, Fatjona Kamberi","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite the HPV vaccine's efficacy in cervical cancer prevention, cervical cancer ranks second in prevalence among women, following breast cancer. Various factors negatively impact HPV vaccination uptake, with parents' knowledge and attitudes being particularly crucial in this regard.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and May 2023, targeting parents in northern Albania. The standardized Vaccination and HPV Knowledge (THinK) questionnaire was used, and a random sampling methodology was applied. Data were collected at primary healthcare centers, targeting parents who were seeking various healthcare services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 102 participants completed the questionnaire, yielding a response rate of 74%. The majority of parents were married (79.4%), female (82.4%), over 30 years of age, and residents of urban areas (67.6%). A low mean score was reported for both the vaccination rate of girls (1.79 ± 0.40) and the willingness to vaccinate them (1.31 ± 0.46). Of the participants, 15 (14.7%) parents expressed strong knowledge of vaccines, while only 6 (5.9%) had knowledge about HPV, and 52 (51%) expressed interest in receiving information about HPV vaccination. Three factors emerged, explaining 71.02% of the variance: knowledge about HPV and vaccination, side effects of the vaccines, and the impact of vaccinating girls on HPV vaccination uptake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study found that the identified factors-knowledge, side effects of vaccines, and vaccination attitudes-significantly influence HPV vaccination uptake. Co-creation activities involving parents, girls, and healthcare professionals are the most effective strategies to build trust and improve awareness among the target population regarding the HPV vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 8","pages":"1231-1238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Another case of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in Rio Grande do Sul: the curious epidemiological niche of ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 in Southern Brazil.","authors":"Selwyn Arlington Headley, Felippe Danyel Cardoso Martins, Diego Leonardo Rodrigues","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20646","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OvGHV2) is the cause of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF). Although SA-MCF is endemic in most geographical regions of Brazil, outbreaks are more frequently reported in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This report describes the findings of an SA-MCF outbreak in cattle from RS and investigates the possible reasons for the elevated occurrence of outbreaks in cattle from this geographical region of Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>An outbreak of SA-MCF involving a 7-month-old dairy calf died acutely after presenting fever, profuse salivation, and respiratory difficulties. This calf was maintained on a farm that contained two asymptomatic sheep. A qPCR assay detected OvGHV2 DNA in multiple organs of the dead calf and blood from the two asymptomatic sheep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>These findings confirmed OvGHV2-related infection in the calf and the participation of the two sheep as possible disseminators of this infection. A sheep:cattle ratio (SCR) that evaluated the chances of SA-MCF outbreaks to occur within the mesoregions of RS where cattle and sheep are reared simultaneously, demonstrated that geographical regions with an SCR > 0.15 have a significantly increased chance to develop outbreaks of SA-MCF in cattle relative to mesoregions with an SCR < 0.15 within RS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SCR may be used as a possible indicator for the occurrence of SA-MCF outbreaks in cattle within the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Additionally, the traditional sheep production system and rearing practiced within RS seem to favor the development of SA-MCF outbreaks in susceptible cattle populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 8","pages":"1253-1261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among pediatric patients at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi.","authors":"Agness C Chitedze, Rizine R Mzikamanda, Tarsizio Maida, Casey L McAtee, Lovemore Mapahla, Nicholas Feasey, Peter S Nyasulu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Severe bacterial infections cause significant disease burden in developing countries, including Malawi. The situation is compounded by the scarcity of resources, inconsistent availability of antibiotics, and increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This was a descriptive retrospective study where we analyzed blood culture results of pediatric patients admitted to Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH), Lilongwe, Malawi. The data from January 2018 to January 2022 were compared with clinical metadata, and analyzed using the statistical software packages STATA version 16.1 and R version 4.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data of 272 isolates from blood culture were obtained; 47.8% (130/272) of participants presented with organisms resistant to first-line antibiotics; 13.4% (22/164) were resistant to second-line antibiotics which included resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem. Gram-negative isolates constituted 54.3% (89/164) of the isolates, of which 32% (29/89) were Acinetobacter spp; while 45.7% (75/164) of the isolates were Gram-positive of which 42.7% (32/75) was Staphylococcus aureus. There were 12 Escherichia coli isolates, of which 50% (6/12) were highly resistant to piperacillin/tazobactam. The Fisher's exact test indicated that the antibiotic prescribed after a blood culture test result was significantly associated with the isolate observed (p = 0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights high rates of AMR to commonly used antibiotics in the pediatric ward at KCH, and calls for the need to revise treatment guidelines in the wake of empiric antibiotic choices for pediatric patients, including intensification of maximal use of blood culture tests as part of management of febrile illnesses and reinforcement of antimicrobial stewardship in pediatric patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 8","pages":"1172-1181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of alternative clinical samples for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus by automated multiplex RT-PCR.","authors":"Muhammed A Özarslan, Ömür M Parkan, Mehmet Soylu, Oğuzhan Acet, Selma Gökahmetoğlu, Zeynep Türe Yüce, Gamze Kalın Ünüvar, Seyfi Durmaz, Deniz Akyol, Feyza İzci Çetinkaya, Pınar Sağıroğlu, Gözde Akkuş Kayalı, Isabel R Durusoy, Ayşin Zeytinoğlu, Mustafa A Atalay, Meltem Taşbakan, Candan Çiçek, Orhan Yıldız, Hüsnü Pullukçu, Şaziye R Sertöz, Selda Erensoy","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the performance of different clinical specimens-nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs collected by healthcare professionals (HCP-NP), self-collected nasal swabs (Sc-N), and saliva samples (S)-in diagnostic tests for investigating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA and influenza A/B RNA.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>These clinical samples were collected from 404 symptomatic cases and tested with the SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B RNA tests on the cobas 6800 System of Roche Molecular Systems (Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, USA). The SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus infection status was determined for all patients based on the predefined criteria and corresponding algorithms. Positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV), sensitivity, specificity, coefficient of variation (CV), interrater reliability, correlation, ,and days of sample collection of these three sample types were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was almost perfect agreement between the these sample types for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A. The overall performance (PPV, NPV, sensitivity) and reproducibility (CV ≤ 6%) were favorable. Additionally, they showed similar trends for days of sample collection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diagnostic detection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza RNA from Sc-N and S samples was comparable to HCP-NP samples. Using these samples would provide an advantage in diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A infection, as they can be easily collected without the need for viral transport media.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 8","pages":"1159-1171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical misconceptions and diagnostic delays in extrapulmonary tuberculosis: an evaluation on 89 cases.","authors":"Emel Gürcüoglu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20731","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has highly variable clinical findings, and has a more difficult diagnostic process than pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The aim of this study was to examine the difficulty of the diagnostic process in 89 cases that applied to different clinics in our hospital, with different complaints.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 89 patients diagnosed with EPTB between March 2020 and March 2024 were included in the study. EPTB diagnosis was determined by excluding patients with primary PTB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the cases was 47.84 ± 19.23 years, and 52 (58.4%) of the patients were women. There was a significant relationship between the affected area and gender (p < 0.001). The rate of peripheral lymphadenopathy (LAP) involvement was much higher in women than that in men (85.2% vs. 14.8%). Pleural involvement was 6.5-fold higher in men than in women (51.4% vs. 7.8%). There was also a significant relationship between the affected area and the time to diagnosis (p < 0.001). While peripheral LAP cases were diagnosed late, patients with pleural involvement were diagnosed more quickly (p < 0.001). The rate of smoking addiction was high in males with pleural involvement (79.9%). Quinolone use was 77.4% in the early-diagnosed group and 54.9% in the late-diagnosed group (p = 0.110).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Due to the difficulty of diagnosis, EPTB should be included in the differential diagnoses of all relevant medical specialties, and insistence should be made for the diagnosis in the presence of clinical suspicion.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1074-1082"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the SARIMA-LSTM model to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for Visceral Leishmaniasis.","authors":"Mengchen Han, Chongqi Hao, Zhiyang Zhao, Peijun Zhang, Bin Wu, Lixia Qiu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20739","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study proposes a combined Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Long Short-Term Memory (SARIMA-LSTM) model to enhance the accuracy of evaluating the effectiveness of visceral leishmaniasis prevention and control efforts in Yangquan, China.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Data were obtained from the Yangquan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. The hybrid model integrates a SARIMA component with a residual-based LSTM neural network.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the SARIMA-LSTM model, the LSTM component included seven hidden layer nodes, a learning rate of 0.001, 500 training epochs, a batch size of 256, and utilized the Adam optimization algorithm. The SARIMA-LSTM model demonstrated superior performance (MSE = 2.824, MAE = 1.279, RMSE = 1.681). A paired samples t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between predicted and actual case counts (t = -4.058, p < 0.001), indicating that the actual number of cases was lower than predicted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combined SARIMA-LSTM model outperformed the individual SARIMA and LSTM models, suggesting that the implemented interventions were generally effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1115-1120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species isolated from clinical specimens in central part of Turkey.","authors":"Burak Ezer, Selin Ugrakli, Enes Kasapoglu","doi":"10.3855/jidc.20880","DOIUrl":"10.3855/jidc.20880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to examine the distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species in a university hospital and investigate the association of Candida species with age, gender, and clinical specimens.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 939 samples isolated Candida spp. from various clinical samples between 01.01.2019-06.08.2024 were included in the study. Between 01.01.2019-29.04.2022, Candida species and antifungal susceptibilities were determined using Vitek2 automated system. Between 30.04.2022-06.08.2024, Candida species were detected using the Phoenix automated system and MALDITOF-MS, and antifungal susceptibilities were determined by the gold standard method of broth microdilution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Candida albicans was detected in 511 (54.4%) and non-albicans candida species (NAC) in 428 (45.6%) of the samples with Candida spp. growth. The most frequently detected species were C. albicans in 511 (54.4%) samples, C. parapsilosis in 215 (22.9%) samples, and C. glabrata in 85 (9.1%) samples. The MIC values of all antifungals were statistically significantly higher in NAC species than in C. albicans (p < 0.001). C. tropicalis was isolated most frequently in CSF, C. albicans was isolated most frequently in ocular corneal fluid, C. tropicalis was isolated most frequently in pleural fluid and C. albicans was isolated in all vaginal discharge samples. The higher MIC values of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin in C. parapsilosis isolates were statistically significant compared to C. albicans and C. glabrata (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Investigating the distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species is vital to initiate appropriate and early empirical antifungal therapy. Each center should determine its species distribution and closely monitor antifungal resistance changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","volume":"19 7","pages":"1132-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}