Nature Reviews Neuroscience最新文献

Neural compositions use multigoal building blocks 神经合成使用多目标构建块

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00902-1

Jake Rogers

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Reply to ‘The core language network separated from other networks during primate evolution’ 对 "灵长类进化过程中核心语言网络与其他网络的分离 "的答复

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00899-7

Evelina Fedorenko, Anna A. Ivanova, Tamar I. Regev

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The core language network separated from other networks during primate evolution 核心语言网络在灵长类进化过程中与其他网络分离

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00897-9

Angela D. Friederici, Yannick Becker

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An unexpected role for macrophages in motor control 巨噬细胞在运动控制中的意外作用

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00896-w

Sian Lewis

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Publisher Correction: Structural neural plasticity evoked by rapid-acting antidepressant interventions 发布者更正：快速抗抑郁干预引起的结构神经可塑性

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00894-y

Clara Liao, Alisha N. Dua, Cassandra Wojtasiewicz, Conor Liston, Alex C. Kwan

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Structurally informed models of directed brain connectivity 定向大脑连接的结构信息模型

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00881-3

Matthew D. Greaves, Leonardo Novelli, Sina Mansour L., Andrew Zalesky, Adeel Razi

{"title":"Structurally informed models of directed brain connectivity","authors":"Matthew D. Greaves, Leonardo Novelli, Sina Mansour L., Andrew Zalesky, Adeel Razi","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00881-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00881-3","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how one brain region exerts influence over another in vivo is profoundly constrained by models used to infer or predict directed connectivity. Although such neural interactions rely on the anatomy of the brain, it remains unclear whether, at the macroscale, structural (or anatomical) connectivity provides useful constraints on models of directed connectivity. Here, we review the current state of research on this question, highlighting a key distinction between inference-based effective connectivity and prediction-based directed functional connectivity. We explore the methods via which structural connectivity has been integrated into directed connectivity models: through prior distributions, fixed parameters in state-space models and inputs to structure learning algorithms. Although the evidence suggests that integrating structural connectivity substantially improves directed connectivity models, assessments of reliability and out-of-sample validity are lacking. We conclude this Review with a strategy for future research that addresses current challenges and identifies opportunities for advancing the integration of structural and directed connectivity to ultimately improve understanding of the brain in health and disease. The influence anatomy exerts on communication between brain regions remains unclear. In this Review, Greaves et al. synthesize how methods of structural connectivity integration constrain inference-based or prediction-based models of directed connectivity to better understand how one brain region exerts control over another.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"26 1","pages":"23-41"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remission from addiction: erasing the wrong circuits or making new ones? 戒除成瘾：清除错误的回路还是制造新的回路？

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00886-y

Michel Engeln, Serge H. Ahmed

{"title":"Remission from addiction: erasing the wrong circuits or making new ones?","authors":"Michel Engeln, Serge H. Ahmed","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00886-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00886-y","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic relapse is a hallmark of substance-use disorders (SUDs), but many people with SUDs do recover and eventually enter remission. Many preclinical studies in this field aim to identify interventions that can precipitate recovery by reversing or erasing the neuronal circuit changes caused by chronic drug use. A better understanding of remission from SUDs can also come from preclinical studies that model factors known to influence recovery in humans, such as the negative consequences of drug use and positive environmental influences. In this Perspective we discuss human neuroimaging studies that have provided information about recovery from SUDs and highlight mechanisms identified in preclinical studies — such as the reconfiguration of neuronal circuits — that could contribute to remission. We also analyse how studies of memory and forgetting can provide insights into the mechanisms of remission. Overall, we propose that remission can be driven by the introduction of new neuronal changes (which outcompete those induced by drugs) as well as by the erasure of drug-induced changes. Substance-use disorders (SUDs) are characterized by chronic relapse. However, many of those affected eventually do achieve recovery. Engeln and Ahmed describe insights from clinical and preclinical studies of remission that suggest that recovery from substance-use disorders involves both reversal of drug-induced circuit changes and new neural circuit adaptations.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"26 2","pages":"115-130"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metastability demystified — the foundational past, the pragmatic present and the promising future 亚稳态去神秘化-基础的过去，务实的现在和充满希望的未来

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00883-1

Fran Hancock, Fernando E. Rosas, Andrea I. Luppi, Mengsen Zhang, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Joana Cabral, Gustavo Deco, Morten L. Kringelbach, Michael Breakspear, J. A. Scott Kelso, Federico E. Turkheimer

{"title":"Metastability demystified — the foundational past, the pragmatic present and the promising future","authors":"Fran Hancock, Fernando E. Rosas, Andrea I. Luppi, Mengsen Zhang, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Joana Cabral, Gustavo Deco, Morten L. Kringelbach, Michael Breakspear, J. A. Scott Kelso, Federico E. Turkheimer","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00883-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00883-1","url":null,"abstract":"Healthy brain function depends on balancing stable integration between brain areas for effective coordinated functioning, with coexisting segregation that allows subsystems to express their functional specialization. Metastability, a concept from the dynamical systems literature, has been proposed as a key signature that characterizes this balance. Building on this principle, the neuroscience literature has leveraged the phenomenon of metastability to investigate various aspects of brain function in health and disease. However, this body of work often uses the notion of metastability heuristically, and sometimes inaccurately, making it difficult to navigate the vast literature, interpret findings and foster further development of theoretical and experimental methodologies. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of metastability and its applications in neuroscience, covering its scientific and historical foundations and the practical measures used to assess it in empirical data. We also provide a critical analysis of recent theoretical developments, clarifying common misconceptions and paving the road for future developments. Metastability is a concept from dynamical systems. In the brain, it is thought to reflect the balance between the cooperative and independent functioning of brain areas or neuronal populations. In this Review, Hancock, Rosas and colleagues provide an overview of metastability in neuroscience.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"26 2","pages":"82-100"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the molecular diversity of synapses 了解突触的分子多样性

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00888-w

Marc van Oostrum, Erin M. Schuman

{"title":"Understanding the molecular diversity of synapses","authors":"Marc van Oostrum, Erin M. Schuman","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00888-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00888-w","url":null,"abstract":"Synapses are composed of thousands of proteins, providing the potential for extensive molecular diversity to shape synapse type-specific functional specializations. In this Review, we explore the landscape of synaptic diversity and describe the mechanisms that expand the molecular complexity of synapses, from the genotype to the regulation of gene expression to the production of specific proteoforms and the formation of localized protein complexes. We emphasize the importance of examining every molecular layer and adopting a systems perspective to understand how these interconnected mechanisms shape the diverse functional and structural properties of synapses. We explore current frameworks for classifying synapses and methodologies for investigating different synapse types at varying scales, from synapse-type-specific proteomics to advanced imaging techniques with single-synapse resolution. We highlight the potential of synapse-type-specific approaches for integrating molecular data with cellular functions, circuit organization and organismal phenotypes to enable a more holistic exploration of neuronal phenomena across different scales. The set of proteins present at synapses determines their heterogeneous functions and properties. In this Review, van Oostrum and Schuman describe the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the diversity of the synaptic proteome and consider how this molecular complexity can be captured by approaches for synapse classification.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"26 2","pages":"65-81"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142776909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural MRI of brain similarity networks 大脑相似性网络的结构磁共振成像

IF 28.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00882-2

Isaac Sebenius, Lena Dorfschmidt, Jakob Seidlitz, Aaron Alexander-Bloch, Sarah E. Morgan, Edward Bullmore

{"title":"Structural MRI of brain similarity networks","authors":"Isaac Sebenius, Lena Dorfschmidt, Jakob Seidlitz, Aaron Alexander-Bloch, Sarah E. Morgan, Edward Bullmore","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00882-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00882-2","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in structural MRI analytics now allow the network organization of individual brains to be comprehensively mapped through the use of the biologically principled metric of anatomical similarity. In this Review, we offer an overview of the measurement and meaning of structural MRI similarity, especially in relation to two key assumptions that often underlie its interpretation: (i) that MRI similarity can be representative of architectonic similarity between cortical areas and (ii) that similar areas are more likely to be axonally connected, as predicted by the homophily principle. We first introduce the historical roots and technical foundations of MRI similarity analysis and compare it with the distinct MRI techniques of structural covariance and tractography analysis. We contextualize this empirical work with two generative models of homophilic networks: an economic model of cost-constrained connectional homophily and a heterochronic model of ontogenetically phased cortical maturation. We then review (i) studies of the genetic and transcriptional architecture of MRI similarity in population-averaged and disorder-specific contexts and (ii) developmental studies of normative cohorts and clinical studies of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, we prioritize knowledge gaps that must be addressed to consolidate structural MRI similarity as an accessible, valid marker of the architecture and connectivity of an individual brain network. Through use of the anatomical similarity, structural MRI analytics are now enabling the network organization of individual brains to be mapped. In this Review, Sebenius, Dorfschmidt et al. examine this field of structural MRI similarity network analysis.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"26 1","pages":"42-59"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0