Biomedical Microdevices最新文献

{"title":"Spatially controlled Islet delivery into a bioengineered vascular Niche improves subcutaneous transplantation","authors":"Elisa Balboni,&nbsp;Jocelyn Nikita Campa-Carranza,&nbsp;Tommaso Bo,&nbsp;Gabrielle E. Rome,&nbsp;Henry Seaborne,&nbsp;Arya Venugopalan,&nbsp;Rim Ouni,&nbsp;Jesus Paez-Mayorga,&nbsp;Corrine Ying Xuan Chua,&nbsp;Alessandro Grattoni","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00826-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00826-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pancreatic islet transplantation represents a promising therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this context, the subcutaneous space offers a safer and more accessible alternative to the clinically established intraportal delivery route. However, a major unmet need remains the development of a site capable of supporting rapid vascularization and sustained islet function. In its current configuration, this approach is limited by poor vascularization, hypoxia-driven islet loss, loss of spatial control during graft delivery, and tissue disruption associated with delivery strategies. To address these challenges, the Neovascularized Implantable Cell Homing and Encapsulation (NICHE) device provides a prevascularized subcutaneous platform that supports islet viability and enables localized immunosuppressant delivery. In this study, we describe the incorporation of a 3D-printed removable placeholder into the NICHE platform to preserve a defined cavity within the device during prevascularization and enable subsequent islet delivery. The placeholder shapes the spatial organization of vascularized tissue, promoting uniform three-dimensional islet distribution upon transplantation. Surface characterization showed that polyamide and BioMed Clear resin exhibit distinct cell adhesion properties, enabling controlled tissue integration and atraumatic placeholder removal. Collectively, these results are consistent with preservation of vascularization, improved islet dispersion within the cell reservoir, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and support of metabolic function compared to injection-based delivery. These findings establish spatially controlled cell delivery within a prevascularized niche as a key design principle for enhancing engraftment efficiency and advancing the translational potential of subcutaneous islet transplantation for T1D and related cell-based therapies.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10544-026-00826-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148003896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated blood group classification using a digital microfluidics chip and vision transformer-based image analysis","authors":"Syeda Sana Bukhari,&nbsp;Aleena Khan,&nbsp; Khansa,&nbsp;Hammas Ullah,&nbsp;Shahab U. Ansari,&nbsp;Ali Turab Jafry","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00825-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00825-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Identifying blood groups accurately is critical for safe medical practices, especially in emergencies, surgeries, and prenatal care. Conventional methods often depend on visual inspection of agglutination reactions, which can be error-prone, particularly when using small sample volumes. In this work, we introduce an efficient and intelligent system for blood type detection that combines digital microfluidics with advanced deep learning and antigen-based decision logic. A Vision Transformer (ViT) model was trained to recognize agglutination patterns in droplet-based blood images, followed by an automated mapping of standard ABO/Rh rules to assign the corresponding blood group based on antigen presence. The proposed system achieved 100% accuracy specifically in detecting antigen–antibody agglutination reactions, with perfect scores across precision, recall, specificity, and F1-score. Our method reduces the need for large reagent volumes and minimizes testing cost, while also improving reliability. In future work, our aim is to embed this system into a compact, microfluidics paper-based device, enabling low-cost, AI-assisted blood typing in portable point of care settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure-dependent incorporation of terpenes into amphiphilic Poly(2-oxazoline) micelles","authors":"Liubov Palchak,&nbsp;Seraphim Kozlov,&nbsp;Cleber Melo-Filho,&nbsp;Alex Tropsha,&nbsp;Alexander V. Kabanov","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00823-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00823-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Poly(2-oxazoline) (POx) amphiphilic block copolymers are highly effective carriers for poorly water-soluble small molecules, yet the structural features governing drug incorporation remain incompletely understood. Motivated by the unusually high loading of diterpene taxanes in POx micelles, we systematically examined whether shared terpene motifs support micellization with POx using natural compounds with established safety profiles. Representative mono-, di-, and triterpenes—α-pinene, carnosic acid (CA), carnosol (CARN), squalene, lupeol, betulin, and ursolic acid—were evaluated with a well-defined POx triblock copolymer. Only the diterpenes CA and CARN showed efficient solubilization, forming small, stable, and uniform micelles, whereas α-pinene produced polydisperse assemblies and all triterpenes were insoluble. CA exhibited the best performance, forming reproducible 22–29 nm micelles at a 2/10 (w/w) CA/polymer feed ratio with ~ 17% loading capacity and quantitative efficiency; higher feed ratios generated large, polydisperse aggregates by DLS and TEM. CA-loaded micelles were colloidally stable for at least 48 h at room temperature, although CA chemical stability varied across batches. Lyophilization markedly improved stability, enabling 67–89% recovery upon reconstitution. Experimental solubilization data were further used to benchmark existing computer-aided prediction models, which failed to capture the behavior of several terpene classes, underscoring the need to expand their chemical space and incorporate environmental effects. Overall, a rigid diterpene scaffold combined with ortho-hydroxyl functionality emerges as a key determinant of POx incorporation, identifying CA as a robust and reproducible formulation candidate for further POx-based delivery and pharmaceutical development.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wireless multi-parameter in-situ calibration ‘chip’ for real-time centrifugal","authors":"Youhong Zeng,&nbsp;Hanxing Zhang,&nbsp;Qi Li,&nbsp;Yize Zhang,&nbsp;Lingxuan Liu,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Hao Chen,&nbsp;Yatan Yuan,&nbsp;Yingying Ding,&nbsp;Lulu Zhang,&nbsp;Guijun Miao,&nbsp;Xianbo Qiu","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00824-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00824-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Centrifugal microfluidics has emerged as a promising platform for automated bioanalysis, such as nucleic acid testing and immunoassays. In particular, real-time centrifugal microfluidic PCR provides a highly effective solution for point-of-care molecular diagnostics in resource-limited settings. However, during the development of these systems, monitoring their operational state for evaluation or calibration is difficult due to the inherent conflicts among thermal, optical, and centrifugal interactions. To address this challenge, this study presents a wireless, in-situ calibration ‘chip’ with multiple functions for system calibration and evaluation by being operated in a way similar to a normal disk chip. The calibration ‘chip’ consists of multiple different structural layers, e.g., sensing, optical, fluidic and electrical layers, integrating multiple functions including temperature calibration, fluorescence signal simulation, dynamic fluid monitoring, and mechanical sensing. To allow the in-situ calibration ‘chip’ to reasonably fit the centrifugation platform, it is powered by embedded rechargeable batteries and meanwhile Bluetooth-based wireless data transmission is adopted. Experimental results demonstrate that the calibration ‘chip’ is capable of performing multiple different tasks based on comprehensive sensing and actuation mechanisms, which is helpful to conveniently perform in-situ monitoring of the centrifugal microfluidic system with an on hand ‘tool’.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully organic waterproof biobattery designed for mouthpiece applications","authors":"Mirai Matsuura,&nbsp;Sae Suzuki,&nbsp;Haechang Cho,&nbsp;Shuto Osaki,&nbsp;Soichiro Tottori,&nbsp;Matsuhiko Nishizawa","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00822-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00822-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An enzyme-driven biobattery patch designed for mouthpiece integration was developed using a glucose dehydrogenase-modified carbon fabric anode for glucose oxidation and a waterproof O₂-breathing cathode constructed from bilirubin oxidase (BOD)-modified carbon fabric and an ultrathin polysilicon membrane. The waterproof enzymatic biobattery was evaluated under oral conditions. Specifically, the effects of oxygen concentration and temperature variations expected in the oral cavity on battery performance were investigated. The geometry and size of the anode and cathode electrodes were optimized to effectively utilize the limited space within the mouthpiece. This soft, safe, and fully organic biobattery patch represents a promising approach for electrically assisted oral care applications, including drug delivery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147938731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focused ultrasound for cellular mechanoactivation and nanomedicine delivery in cancer","authors":"Allen Chilun Luo,&nbsp;Zhen Qian,&nbsp;Michael R. King","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00817-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00817-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Focused ultrasound (FUS) generates acoustic forces that activate cellular mechanotransduction, including calcium signaling via mechanosensitive ion channels, and modulates nanoparticle behavior through physical and chemical perturbations. These coupled effects have been leveraged to enhance anti-cancer drug delivery and reshape tumor transport dynamics. Integration of FUS with nanodrug systems enables coordinated modulation of vascular permeability, intratumoral distribution, and tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling. Advanced cancer-on-a-chip platforms provide physiologically relevant in vitro models for systematically evaluating these multiscale interactions under controlled conditions. Together, these elements form an integrated framework linking FUS-induced physicochemical mechanisms to biological responses, nanoparticle behavior, and chip-based evaluation. This review presents the biological and transport-associated roles of FUS in cancer therapy, discusses its integration with nanodrug systems to modulate TME dynamics, and highlights the application of cancer-on-a-chip technologies to assess FUS-mediated transport modulation and nanodrug performance in preclinical settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10544-026-00817-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147925302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water-soluble fullerene derivatives mitigate cranial radiation-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction","authors":"Naren Gundapaneni,&nbsp;Iona Hill,&nbsp;Lydia W. T. Cheung,&nbsp;Khadijeh Koushki,&nbsp;Alyssa Fausnaught,&nbsp;Phuoc Minh Quan Mai,&nbsp;Arjun Vasan,&nbsp;Prapannajeet Biswal,&nbsp;Ashutosh Tripathi,&nbsp;Anilkumar Pillai,&nbsp;Vijayasree V. Giridharan,&nbsp;Tatiana Barichello,&nbsp;Yuri Mackeyev,&nbsp;Sunil Krishnan","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00818-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00818-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Radiotherapy is widely used to treat malignant and benign brain tumors. A major constraint, however, is the low tolerance of normal brain tissue to radiation. Cranial irradiation-induced injury manifests as inflammatory responses and neurodegeneration, which jointly contribute to progressive cognitive decline. These complications can restrict the delivery of optimal therapeutic doses, cause persistent neurological symptoms, and ultimately compromise quality of life. Thus, neuroprotective agents have emerged as a strategy to safeguard normal tissues from radiation-induced neurotoxicity. This study investigated the efficacy of a highly soluble [60]fullerene (C₆₀) derivative, C₆₀-ser, a carbon-based nanomaterial, to mitigate radiation-induced brain injury. Oral administration of C₆₀-ser 24 h after cranial irradiation of male C57BL/6 mice restored spatial working memory, as evidenced by significantly improved performance in the Y-maze test conducted 45 days after irradiation. At the cellular level, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that irradiation alone activated microglia for up to 84 days after exposure, indicative of generating a sustained pro-inflammatory microenvironment. Critically, this activation was markedly alleviated in mice treated with C₆₀-ser; CD68 reactivity was restored to levels similar to unirradiated mice. Together, these behavioral and molecular findings suggest that C₆₀-ser can mitigate radiation-induced neurotoxicity by suppressing neuroinflammatory responses when administered 24 h after cranial irradiation.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13161026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147866274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic profiling of radiopaque nanoparticle-loaded, bioresorbable polymeric perivascular wrap for arteriovenous fistula maturation","authors":"Allan John R. Barcena,&nbsp;Marvin R. Bernardino,&nbsp;Dominic Karl M. Bolinas,&nbsp;Kitz Paul D. Marco,&nbsp;Anna E. Marks,&nbsp;Tosha Mae S. Manalastas,&nbsp;Archana Mishra,&nbsp;Natalie Fowlkes,&nbsp;Richard R. Bouchard,&nbsp;Jizhong Cheng,&nbsp;Steven Y. Huang,&nbsp;Marites P. Melancon","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00812-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00812-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure remains a significant clinical problem for hemodialysis access. It is driven by hemodynamic changes which promote inflammatory responses leading to neointimal hyperplasia and ultimately stenosis. Perivascular wraps have proved to be a promising intervention for mitigating hemodynamics stress. However, the molecular impact of perivascular wraps on the venous wall is not fully understood. This study aims to evaluate the molecular effects of polycaprolactone (PCL) perivascular wraps and PCL wraps embedded with radiopaque bismuth nanoparticles (PCL-Bi) on the outflow vein. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was induced in female Sprague–Dawley rats through 5/6th nephrectomy. After CKD induction, AVFs were created via end-to-side anastomosis of the external jugular vein to the common carotid artery. The AVFs were treated with either a PCL wrap, a PCL-Bi wrap, or left as unwrapped controls (<i>n</i> = 3 each group). The outflow veins were harvested for bulk RNA sequencing after 8 weeks. Differential expression and pathway enrichment analyses were performed to evaluate differences between the groups. Compared to the unwrapped controls, the PCL-wrapped AVFs showed significant downregulation of pathways related to vascular smooth muscle cell processes, endothelial cell processes, and cell adhesion. Conversely, pathways related to phagocytosis and lysosomal activity were upregulated, reflecting a controlled response to the bioresorbable scaffold. Few differences were observed between the PCL and PCL-Bi wrapped AVFs, demonstrating that the addition of bismuth nanoparticles does not negate the beneficial effects of the PCL scaffold.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10544-026-00812-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147830153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injectable, electrosprayed RGD-coupled alginate hydrogel microcapsules enable enhanced viability and sustained release of mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Dominic Karl M. Bolinas,&nbsp;Allan John R. Barcena,&nbsp;Archana Mishra,&nbsp;Marvin R. Bernardino,&nbsp;Francisco M. Heralde III,&nbsp;Steven Y. Huang,&nbsp;Marites P. Melancon","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00815-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00815-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The clinical translation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies remains limited due to rapid cell clearance and stress-induced viability loss during injection. These limitations emphasize the need to develop delivery systems allowing MSCs to persist in the tissue and exert their biological effect. Cell microencapsulation within alginate (Alg) biomaterials is a promising strategy, where arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-coupled alginate (RAlg) hydrogels have recently demonstrated improved bioactivity. However, achieving precise encapsulation and injectability while preserving cell viability remains an ongoing challenge. This study presents an injectable delivery platform using electrosprayed RAlg microcapsules that enhance viability and sustain the release of MSCs. Electrospray parameters were optimized to yield a microcapsule size of 175.4 ± 21.1 μm with high uniformity and consistent spherical morphology. Electron microscopy images of the microcapsules revealed a highly ordered microporous architecture. Physicochemical characterization confirmed that the presence of RGD peptides did not significantly alter the swelling, viscoelasticity, and encapsulation efficiency of Alg. Successful encapsulation of MSCs were observed, with cells assuming a round morphology within the microcapsule. After 14 days, RAlg maintained significantly higher cell viability at 91.3% than Alg alone (84.9%). Furthermore, a time-dependent release of cells was observed, with intact microcapsules at day 1, partial degradation with 59–61% cell release at day 7, and extensive degradation with 78–81% release by day 14. Both RAlg and Alg had comparable release performance. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of electrosprayed RAlg microcapsules as a biocompatible and injectable platform for the sustained delivery of viable MSCs in regenerative medicine applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10544-026-00815-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147830154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porous GelMA microneedle with delivery of AIE molecules via HSF-derived exosomes for hypertrophic scar treatment","authors":"Zeming Liu,&nbsp;Lingbo Zhang,&nbsp;Bo Yuan,&nbsp;Shuyi Wei,&nbsp;Meng Lyu","doi":"10.1007/s10544-026-00820-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10544-026-00820-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hypertrophic scarring (HS) occurs after surgery or wounding, leading to tissue dysfunction and damaging the appearance. However, no satisfactory treatment strategy is available because the demand for eliminating hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) in HS remains unfulfilled. Here, aggregation-induced emission molecule (TTMN)-based porous gelatin methacryloyl microneedles (MNs) were fabricated. The TTMNs were encapsulated in HSF-derived exosomes, which were subsequently assembled in the MN patch. This MN patch exhibited good biocompatibility. When the porous MN patch was applied to the HS, it released exosome-encapsulated TTMN (TE) in the deep skin tissue, triggering a burst of abundant reactive oxygen species in the HS under light irradiation. This event led to marked inhibition of the proliferation and migration of HSFs and collagen deposition in these cells. The application of TE-loaded porous MN patches significantly prevented HS formation in the New Zealand rabbit model of HS, as evidenced by a remarkable decrease in the scar elevation index and collagen I deposition. Thus, this study offers a feasible, convenient, and effective strategy for applying aggregation-induced emission-encapsulated HSF-derived exosome-based porous MNs for the treatment of fibrotic skin diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":490,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Microdevices","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}