{"title":"Neurocognitive risks of asthma during childhood","authors":"Nicholas J. Christopher-Hayes , Simona Ghetti","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of chronic medical conditions on the developing brain has gained recent attention, but the neurocognitive risks associated with asthma, which has high prevalence in childhood, are still largely unknown. Recent findings have underscored that children with asthma may be at higher risk for developing cognitive difficulties. In this review, we examine the pathophysiology of asthma and its associations with brain and cognitive development based on rodent models and relatively scant research in humans. We also examine risk factors that may exacerbate asthma symptoms and neurocognitive outcomes, and we discuss why children may be particularly vulnerable to asthma-related neurocognitive consequences. We conclude by providing a framework for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101564"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lena M. Gaudette , Allison M. Swift , Melissa N. Horger , Jennifer F. Holmes , Rebecca M.C. Spencer
{"title":"Pediatric sleep electrophysiology: Using polysomnography in developmental cognitive neuroscience","authors":"Lena M. Gaudette , Allison M. Swift , Melissa N. Horger , Jennifer F. Holmes , Rebecca M.C. Spencer","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research suggests a bidirectional relationship between brain and cognitive development and sleep in early childhood. Polysomnography is essential for the investigation of the mechanisms underlying sleep’s role in brain and cognitive development. This paper outlines methods for integrating measures of sleep and sleep physiology into cognitive developmental neuroscience research. There are various options when choosing a polysomnography system depending on the research question. We offer considerations such as application time, recording time, montage density and analysis options, and cost. We also review suggestions for modifying procedures with developmental populations to support high quality polysomnography data collection. We hope that this overview will facilitate more developmental cognitive neuroscience studies of sleep to advance our understanding of early brain and cognitive development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101562"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madison Politte-Corn , Sarah Myruski , Bridget Cahill , Koraly Pérez-Edgar , Kristin A. Buss
{"title":"Disentangling the role of different resting-state neural markers of adolescent behavioral inhibition and social anxiety","authors":"Madison Politte-Corn , Sarah Myruski , Bridget Cahill , Koraly Pérez-Edgar , Kristin A. Buss","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the most reliable predictors of adolescent social anxiety is the temperamental profile of behavioral inhibition (BI), but there is considerable heterogeneity in this association. Resting-state EEG-based neural markers, namely frontal alpha asymmetry and delta-beta coupling (DBC), hold promise for improving our understanding of the relation between BI and social anxiety symptoms during adolescence. The current study aimed to (1) clarify the relation between these neural markers, BI, and social anxiety and (2) examine the moderating role, individually, of frontal alpha asymmetry and DBC on the BI-social anxiety link. Participants were 97 adolescents (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 14.29 years, <em>SD</em><sub>age</sub> = .98; 84.4 % White, 3.1 % Black, 12.5 % multiracial; 54.6 % female) and their parents. Parents reported on adolescent BI and adolescents self-reported social anxiety symptoms. Additionally, adolescents provided EEG data across a 6-minute resting task, from which measures of frontal alpha asymmetry and DBC were derived. Results indicated that stronger DBC was directly associated with higher social anxiety symptoms, but not BI, and did not moderate the association between BI and social anxiety. In contrast, frontal alpha asymmetry was not directly associated with either BI or social anxiety but interacted with BI to predict avoidance and distress to social situations, such that greater relative right activation predicted a stronger BI-social anxiety link. However, this effect did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Findings suggest that high DBC may mark a general vulnerability for social anxiety symptoms, whereas frontal alpha asymmetry may potentiate the risk for social anxiety symptoms specifically among BI youth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101560"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martina Villa , Nabin Koirala , Meaghan V. Perdue , Lee Branum-Martin , Nicole Landi
{"title":"How does SES influence the brain circuitry for literacy? Modeling the association between SES, oral language, white matter integrity, and reading","authors":"Martina Villa , Nabin Koirala , Meaghan V. Perdue , Lee Branum-Martin , Nicole Landi","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reading is pivotal for educational and occupational success, hence, understanding the factors contributing to reading skill variation is a major educational objective. Although cognitive and neurobiological factors that influence reading are well documented, the contributions of environmental factors, such as socioeconomic status (SES), fiv to reading-related neurobiology are relatively understudied. Studies have shown that SES predicts reading and the integrity of reading-related white matter tracts; however, the direct and indirect contributions of SES to reading via white matter integrity remain undifferentiated. Further, while oral language (both phonological awareness [PA] and vocabulary) has been positively associated with both SES and reading, only a few studies have attempted to model the SES-reading association via oral language, and none of them included white matter integrity. The current study closes these gaps by using Structural Equation Modeling in a large sample of children from the Healthy Brain Network biobank, testing the (in)direct paths by which SES (parental education) influences reading through oral language and white matter integrity. Results reveal an effect of SES on reading that is indirectly affected by oral language, though not by white matter integrity. These findings reinforce the role of oral language skills as a key pathway linking SES and reading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne-Wil Kramer , Lydia Krabbendam , Jessica V. Schaaf , Hilde M. Huizenga , Anna C.K. Van Duijvenvoorde
{"title":"Make it worth it: Effort-reward modulations on reinforcement-learning and prediction-error signaling across adolescence","authors":"Anne-Wil Kramer , Lydia Krabbendam , Jessica V. Schaaf , Hilde M. Huizenga , Anna C.K. Van Duijvenvoorde","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescence is characterized by significant shifts in effort allocation. A well-known neuro-economic framework suggests that rewards help overcome potential effort costs. However, few studies have examined the neurobiological mechanisms by which rewards and associated effort costs drive adolescent learning. This study utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging in a sample of adolescents (<em>N</em> = 146, 13–25 years) and employed a reinforcement-learning paradigm that manipulated effort and reward levels, by varying task demands and varying potential rewards. The analysis of trial-by-trial learning signals (reward prediction errors) and behavioral learning performance demonstrated that greater reward levels enhanced adolescent learning, especially when faced with greater effort demands. Moreover, this effect was more pronounced in those experiencing greater effort demands: younger adolescents and adolescents who place less value on effort for demanding tasks. Neuroimaging results revealed that the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) was a key region in signaling the interaction between reward and effort demands. That is, greater reward strengthened prediction error coding in the dACC, particularly under conditions of greater task demands, with these effects being more pronounced in younger adolescents and adolescents who place less value on effort for demanding tasks. These findings support a role for dACC in the engagement of cognitive control, especially in situations where more cognitive control would be beneficial despite its associated effort costs, such as in high-demanding learning situations. This comprehensive approach aims to inform strategies for supporting effort allocation in learning during this crucial developmental period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101559"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathy T Do, Suzanne van de Groep, Eveline A Crone, Christian K Tamnes
{"title":"A developmental neuroscience perspective on youth contributions and challenges in a changing society.","authors":"Kathy T Do, Suzanne van de Groep, Eveline A Crone, Christian K Tamnes","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"101558"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juliette L.Y. Champaud , Samanta Asite , Lorenzo Fabrizi
{"title":"Development of brain metastable dynamics during the equivalent of the third gestational trimester","authors":"Juliette L.Y. Champaud , Samanta Asite , Lorenzo Fabrizi","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metastability, a concept from dynamical systems theory, provides a framework for understanding how the brain shifts between various functional states and underpins essential cognitive, behavioural, and social function. While studied in adults, metastability in early brain development has only received recent attention. As the brain undergoes dramatic functional and structural changes over the third gestational trimester, here we review how these are reflected in changes in brain metastable dynamics in preterm, preterm at term-equivalent and full-term neonates.</div><div>We synthesize findings from EEG, fMRI, fUS, and computational models, focusing on the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of metastable states, which include functional integration and segregation, signal predictability and complexity. Despite fragmented evidence, studies suggest that neonatal metastability develops over the equivalent of the third gestational trimester, with increasing ability for integration-segregation, broader range of metastable states, faster metastable state transitions and greater signal complexity. Preterms at term-equivalent age exhibit immature metastability features compared to full-terms. We explain and interpret these changes in terms of maturation of the brain in a free energy landscape and establishment of cognitive functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abigail Fiske , Alicia Mortimer , Liam Collins-Jones , Carina C J M de Klerk , Sylvia Ulieta Gattas , Henrik Dvergsdal , Gaia Scerif , Karla Holmboe
{"title":"Inhibitory control development from infancy to early childhood: A longitudinal fNIRS study","authors":"Abigail Fiske , Alicia Mortimer , Liam Collins-Jones , Carina C J M de Klerk , Sylvia Ulieta Gattas , Henrik Dvergsdal , Gaia Scerif , Karla Holmboe","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The developmental period from infancy to early childhood is one of substantial change – in advancements in cognitive skills, such as early executive functions, but also in the maturation of the prefrontal and parietal cortices that parallel such advances. The current study aims to investigate the emergence and development of inhibitory control, a core executive function, from infancy to early childhood. We collected longitudinal functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data from the same sample of participants at 10-months, 16-months, and 3½ years of age whilst they completed the <em>Early Childhood Inhibitory Touchscreen Task</em>. In our previous publications, we reported that 10-month-old infants recruited right lateralised regions of the prefrontal and parietal cortex when inhibition was required. Despite no change in response inhibition performance, 16-month-olds recruited broader and bilateral regions of the prefrontal and parietal cortex. Results of the current study found that 3½-year-olds activated regions of the right inferior parietal cortex and the right inferior frontal gyrus when inhibition was required. Response inhibition performance was significantly improved by early childhood, yet there was commonality in the brain regions recruited at 16-months and 3½ years. This could suggest that these brain regions are fundamental neural indices of inhibitory control, even from toddlerhood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-voxel pattern analysis for developmental cognitive neuroscientists","authors":"João F. Guassi Moreira , Jennifer A. Silvers","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current prevailing approaches to analyzing task fMRI data in developmental cognitive neuroscience are brain connectivity and mass univariate task-based analyses, used either in isolation or as part of a broader analytic framework (e.g., BWAS). While these are powerful tools, it is somewhat surprising that multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) is not more common in developmental cognitive neuroscience given its enhanced ability to both probe neural population codes and greater sensitivity relative to the mass univariate approach. Omitting MVPA methods might represent a missed opportunity to leverage a suite of tools that are uniquely poised to reveal mechanisms underlying brain development. The goal of this review is to spur awareness and adoption of MVPA in developmental cognitive neuroscience by providing a practical introduction to foundational MVPA concepts. We begin by defining MVPA and explain why examining multi-voxel patterns of brain activity can aid in understanding the developing human brain. We then survey four different types of MVPA: Decoding, representational similarity analysis (RSA), pattern expression, and voxel-wise encoding models. Each variant of MVPA is presented with a conceptual overview of the method followed by practical considerations and subvariants thereof. We go on to highlight the types of developmental questions that can be answered by MPVA, discuss practical matters in MVPA implementation germane to developmental cognitive neuroscientists, and make recommendations for integrating MVPA with the existing analytic ecosystem in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101555"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EEG time-frequency dynamics of early cognitive control development","authors":"Santiago Morales , George A. Buzzell","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive control is crucial for goal-directed behavior, and essential for other aspects of cognitive and socioemotional development. This review examines when and how the neural dynamics of cognitive control emerge and develop, focusing on electroencephalography measures used to study cognitive control in infants and children. We argue that time-frequency analyses are uniquely able to capture two distinct components of cognitive control: 1) the detection that control is needed, and 2) the instantiation of control. Starting in infancy and increasing across childhood and adolescence, studies suggest the signal strength and consistency of midfrontal theta and delta oscillations are involved in processes that detect the need for control. For control instantiation, there is evidence that theta band connectivity between midfrontal and lateral-frontal cortices is present from early childhood. There is also evidence for the involvement of midfrontal theta power in the instantiation of control in infancy. We further review emerging evidence that indicates individual differences in midfrontal theta are not only proximally related to behavior, but also sensitive to variations in early experience and risk for psychopathology, providing a neural mechanism linking early adversity to future psychopathology. We discuss needed future steps, including novel paradigms, computational models, and aperiodic/periodic modeling of EEG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101548"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}