Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience最新文献_第2页

Erratum to “Capturing the complexity of child behavior and caregiver-child interactions in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study using a rigorous and equitable approach” [Dev. Cognit. Neurosci. 69 (2024) 101422] “在健康大脑和儿童发展（HBCD）研究中，使用严格和公平的方法捕捉儿童行为和照顾者与儿童互动的复杂性”[Dev. Cognit]。神经科学，69 (2024)101422 [j]。

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101571

Renee C. Edwards , Elizabeth M. Planalp , Michelle Bosquet Enlow , Natacha Akshoomoff , Stefanie C. Bodison , Marianne B. Brennan , Lucia Ciciolla , Rina D. Eiden , Courtney A. Fillipi , Hanna C. Gustafsson , Lorraine M. McKelvey , Amanda S. Morris , Myriam Peralta-Carcelén , Julie Poehlmann , Lauren S. Wakschlag , Sylia Wilson , HBCD Child Behavior and Caregiver-Child Interactions Workgroup

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Resting state EEG classifies developmental status in three-year-old children 静息状态脑电图对三岁儿童的发育状态进行分类

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101575

Dhanya Parameshwaran , Supriya Bhavnani , Debarati Mukherjee , Kamal Kant Sharma , Jennifer Jane Newson , Narayan Puthanmadam Subramaniyam , Gauri Divan , Vikram Patel , Tara C. Thiagarajan

{"title":"Resting state EEG classifies developmental status in three-year-old children","authors":"Dhanya Parameshwaran , Supriya Bhavnani , Debarati Mukherjee , Kamal Kant Sharma , Jennifer Jane Newson , Narayan Puthanmadam Subramaniyam , Gauri Divan , Vikram Patel , Tara C. Thiagarajan","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring cognitive development in early childhood enables detection of problems for timely intervention. However, currently recommended methods require lengthy evaluations of task performance, and are resource intense. Here we examined whether 3 minutes of resting-state EEG (rs-EEG) recorded in 70 33–40-month-old children using a 14-channel portable EEG device in low-resource households could classify performance on five domains of developmental outcomes (cognition, receptive language, expressive language, fine motor and gross motor coordination) as measured by the Bayley’s Scale of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd Edition (BSID-III). Applying supervised learning models to a combination of spectral features and novel time-domain features derived from EEG data, we predicted BSID-III domain scores with moderate accuracy (AUCs ranging from 0.70 to 0.84 and F1-scores ranging from 0.58 to 0.76). While spectral frequencies significantly correlated with cognitive and language domain scores, time-domain features describing amplitude variability were more significantly correlated and contributed more substantially to model outcomes. Model performance was reliable even with a subset of 4 channels. Overall, this study provides a first demonstration that rs-EEG from low electrode configuration devices can serve as a quick and reliable indicator of cognitive developmental outcomes and aid in identifying those requiring support during early childhood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101575"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Exposure to unpredictable childhood environments is associated with amygdala activation during early extinction in adulthood 暴露于不可预测的童年环境与成年早期灭绝期间的杏仁核激活有关

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101578

Jessica M. Duda , Taylor J. Keding , Sahana Kribakaran , Paola Odriozola , Elizabeth R. Kitt , Emily M. Cohodes , Sadie J. Zacharek , Sarah McCauley , Jason T. Haberman , Jutta Joormann , Dylan G. Gee

{"title":"Exposure to unpredictable childhood environments is associated with amygdala activation during early extinction in adulthood","authors":"Jessica M. Duda , Taylor J. Keding , Sahana Kribakaran , Paola Odriozola , Elizabeth R. Kitt , Emily M. Cohodes , Sadie J. Zacharek , Sarah McCauley , Jason T. Haberman , Jutta Joormann , Dylan G. Gee","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early adversity can alter the maturation and function of neural regions that support affective functioning, including threat and safety learning. A growing body of cross-species research has specifically focused on the role of unpredictability in childhood environments in shaping affective functioning; however, the links between childhood unpredictability and neural function related to extinction learning in adulthood remain unclear. In this study, we probed the association between childhood unpredictability, extinction learning, and neural activation in four regions implicated in extinction learning in healthy young adults (<em>N</em> = 45; aged 18–30 years). Results revealed that adults exposed to more unpredictable childhood environments showed greater basolateral amygdala activity to the former (i.e., extinguished) threat cue during early, but not late, extinction, including when controlling for current anxiety and childhood trauma exposure. An exploratory analysis showed that exposure to unpredictable caregiving, but not distal unpredictability (e.g., unpredictability of the physical home or community), specifically drove findings in the amygdala. Childhood unpredictability was not associated with activity in the other regions of interest or with skin conductance response during extinction. These findings add to a growing literature on longstanding impacts of unpredictable caregiving environments, with implications for promoting healthy neurodevelopment and targeted clinical interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101578"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Statistical learning of orthography-semantics regularities: A developmental neurophysiological study 正字法语义规律的统计学习：一项发育神经生理学研究

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101576

Rujun Duan , Wenyuan Zhao , Shelley Xiuli Tong , Xiuhong Tong

{"title":"Statistical learning of orthography-semantics regularities: A developmental neurophysiological study","authors":"Rujun Duan , Wenyuan Zhao , Shelley Xiuli Tong , Xiuhong Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Combining event-related potential (ERP) with an artificial orthography learning paradigm, this study examined how 7–11-year-old Chinese children from first to fifth grade implicitly acquired orthography-semantics regularities of artificial characters. We manipulated the semantic consistency levels of radicals embedded in artificial characters at high (100 %), moderate (80 %), and low (60 %). The behavioral results indicated that 8-year-olds in the second grade were able to acquire regularities of semantic radicals within a sequence of artificial characters. The ERP results revealed a N170-P300-N400 pattern. The N170 component in the occipitotemporal area indicated orthographic identification during the early stages of learning, while the P300 and N400 components reflected attentional allocation and semantic activation during the later stages of statistical learning of orthography-semantics connections. The interactions between neural activation of statistical learning and grade suggest a significant developmental change in 7-11-year-old children. These findings support the multi-component model of statistical learning and the age-related hypothesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101576"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Parental substance use history density and its influence on reward anticipation brain activation in late childhood and early adolescence 父母物质使用史密度及其对儿童晚期和青少年早期奖赏预期脑激活的影响

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101572

Gabriella Y. Navarro-Love , Elizabeth A. Stinson , Ryan M. Sullivan , Krista M. Lisdahl

{"title":"Parental substance use history density and its influence on reward anticipation brain activation in late childhood and early adolescence","authors":"Gabriella Y. Navarro-Love , Elizabeth A. Stinson , Ryan M. Sullivan , Krista M. Lisdahl","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parental history of problematic substance use (PH) increases the risk for early adolescent substance use (SU), potentially due to premorbid differences in reward-processing brain regions (e.g., striatum). However, no studies have <em>prospectively</em> examined the separate contributions of parental history of alcohol (PHA) and drug (PHD) use or the impact of PH density (PH<sup>0</sup>, PH<sup>1</sup>, PH<sup>2</sup>) on reward processing in preadolescents. This study analyzed data from 10,235 participants (ages 9–14) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study<sup>SM</sup> (ABCD). Reward processing was assessed using the Monetary Incentive Delay Task (MID) at baseline and two-year follow-up. Regions of interest included bilateral striatal activation elicited by neutral vs. anticipation of large rewards. Linear mixed-effect models evaluated PH, PHA, PHD, and PH density on ROI activation, controlling for relevant covariates. Results showed that youth with PHA<sup>1</sup> had greater nucleus accumbens activation during reward anticipation than those with no history (PHA<sup>0</sup>), but no significant differences were found between PHA<sup>2</sup> and PHA<sup>1</sup> or PHA<sup>2</sup> and PHA<sup>0</sup>. PHD and PH were not significantly associated with BOLD activation in striatal regions, nor were there changes over time. These findings highlight the need to consider both PH and environmental factors when assessing neurodevelopmental risk for early substance use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101572"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Short-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and dynamic brain connectivity in adolescents 青少年短期暴露于交通相关的空气污染与动态大脑连通性

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101574

Mónica López-Vicente , Michelle S.W. Kusters , Sami Petricola , Henning Tiemeier , Ryan L. Muetzel , Mònica Guxens

{"title":"Short-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and dynamic brain connectivity in adolescents","authors":"Mónica López-Vicente , Michelle S.W. Kusters , Sami Petricola , Henning Tiemeier , Ryan L. Muetzel , Mònica Guxens","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is some evidence which suggests short-term effects of traffic-related air pollution on brain function in adults. We aimed to examine these associations at ages 10 and 14 years using dynamic functional brain connectivity. We included participants from a population-based birth cohort with brain connectivity and air pollution data at home (n = 3608) or school (n = 2305) in at least one visit. We used land use regression models to estimate levels of air pollutants, including nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>X</sub>) and particulate matter (PM), during the week before the outcome measurement. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, we generated five connectivity patterns. We calculated the mean time spent in each pattern for each participant and visit. We performed linear mixed effects models adjusted for relevant confounders. The median levels of NO<sub>X</sub> at the two visits and at home and school were between 36 and 47 μg/m<sup>3</sup> and the median levels of PM<sub>2.5</sub> were between 11 and 12 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. We found a weak association between higher air pollution exposure and less time spent in a low modularized connectivity pattern (e.g. coefficient=-0.031 [95 % confidence interval=-0.056; −0.006] per 20 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in NO<sub>X</sub> at home). However, this association did not remain after multiple testing correction. Further research that explores these associations at other exposure levels and other age periods is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101574"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Prefrontal cortex intrinsic functional connectivity and executive function in early childhood and early adulthood using fNIRS 使用近红外光谱研究儿童早期和成年早期前额叶皮层的内在功能连接和执行功能

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101570

Cassondra M. Eng , Roberto J. Vargas , Howard L. Fung , Selena R. Niemi , Melissa Pocsai , Anna V. Fisher , Erik D. Thiessen

{"title":"Prefrontal cortex intrinsic functional connectivity and executive function in early childhood and early adulthood using fNIRS","authors":"Cassondra M. Eng , Roberto J. Vargas , Howard L. Fung , Selena R. Niemi , Melissa Pocsai , Anna V. Fisher , Erik D. Thiessen","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Executive function (EF) is crucial for goal-directed behavior and predicts overall wellbeing, academic and interpersonal success. Intrinsic (i.e., non-evoked) resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) during naturalistic paradigms offers insight into neural mechanisms underlying EF. However, few studies have explored EF-rsFC associations using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) across age groups. This cross-sectional study validates a naturalistic viewing paradigm (<em>Inscapes</em>) using fNIRS and examines the link between rsFC in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and EF in children ages 4–5 and in young adults ages 18–22. Adults were presented with two rsFC paradigms in a counterbalanced within-subjects design: a traditional static crosshair and <em>Inscapes</em>. Representational similarity analysis revealed robustly similar rsFC patterns between the crosshair and <em>Inscapes</em> conditions, and both were associated with EF (Stroop performance). Children were presented with <em>Inscapes</em> to assess rsFC, and exhibited high compliance using fNIRS. Importantly, rsFC assessed with <em>Inscapes</em> in children was associated with EF (Stroop-like Day-Night Task performance). Age-related differences showed intrinsic functional connections within the PFC strengthening over development. This study uses child-friendly, noninvasive optical neuroimaging and a publicly available rsFC paradigm to elucidate the role of the PFC in EF development, illuminating practical methodological approaches to study the developmental trajectory and neural underpinnings of EF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101570"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Missing data approaches for longitudinal neuroimaging research: Examples from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® 纵向神经影像学研究的缺失数据方法：来自青少年大脑和认知发展（ABCD）研究的例子

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101563

Lin Li , Mohammadreza Bayat , Timothy B. Hayes , Wesley K. Thompson , Michael C. Neale , Arianna M. Gard , Anthony Steven Dick

{"title":"Missing data approaches for longitudinal neuroimaging research: Examples from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study®","authors":"Lin Li , Mohammadreza Bayat , Timothy B. Hayes , Wesley K. Thompson , Michael C. Neale , Arianna M. Gard , Anthony Steven Dick","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the challenges of managing missing values within expansive longitudinal neuroimaging datasets, using the specific example of data derived from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) <span><math><msup><mrow><mtext>Study</mtext></mrow><mrow><mtext>®</mtext></mrow></msup></math></span>. The conventional listwise deletion method, while widely used, is not recommended due to the risk that substantial bias can potentially be introduced with this method. Unfortunately, recommended alternative practices can be challenging to implement with large datasets. In this paper, we advocate for the adoption of more sophisticated statistical methodologies, including multiple imputation, propensity score weighting, and full information maximum likelihood (FIML). Through practical examples and code using ABCD <span><math><msup><mrow><mtext>Study</mtext></mrow><mrow><mtext>®</mtext></mrow></msup></math></span> data, we illustrate some of the benefits and challenges of these methods, with a review of how these advanced methodologies bolster the robustness of analyses and contribute to the integrity of research findings in the field of developmental cognitive neuroscience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101563"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Generalizability of developmental EEG: Demographic reporting, representation, and sample size 发展性脑电图的普遍性：人口统计报告、代表性和样本量

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101567

Santiago Morales , Lauren Oh , Kylie Cox , Ramiro Rodriguez-Sanchez , Gina Nadaya , George A. Buzzell , Sonya V. Troller-Renfree

{"title":"Generalizability of developmental EEG: Demographic reporting, representation, and sample size","authors":"Santiago Morales , Lauren Oh , Kylie Cox , Ramiro Rodriguez-Sanchez , Gina Nadaya , George A. Buzzell , Sonya V. Troller-Renfree","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the main neuroscientific measures used with infants and children to identify potential biomarkers of cognitive and social developmental processes. Given the implications of developmental EEG research within policy, clinical, and educational domains, it is important to ensure that reported results are generalizable and reproducible. In this review, to provide an initial assessment of previous and current practices regarding participant recruitment (sample size and representation) and demographic reporting, we carried out a systematic review of six notable journals for publishing pediatric EEG studies between 2011 and 2023. We identified 700 articles reporting on pediatric EEG. We found that most studies did not provide complete reporting of basic demographic information (e.g., race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, geographical location). This trend persisted across years of publication, suggesting continued underreporting. However, the reporting of demographic information differed between journals, suggesting solutions for improving reporting practices. Our review also indicated that samples were of modest sample size (Median = 51) and consisted of mostly White participants (78 %) from North America and Western Europe (85 %). Our discussion emphasizes the need for larger, more diverse samples and greater transparency in developmental EEG studies, while providing recommendations to address barriers to representation and reproducibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101567"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Sex differences in maturational timing of amygdala and prefrontal cortex volumes and white matter tract microstructure 杏仁核和前额叶皮层体积和白质束微观结构成熟时间的性别差异

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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101568

Jamie Roeske , Xiangyu Long , Meaghan V Perdue , Madison Long , Bryce Geeraert , Mohammad Ghasoub , Keith Owen Yeates , Catherine Lebel

{"title":"Sex differences in maturational timing of amygdala and prefrontal cortex volumes and white matter tract microstructure","authors":"Jamie Roeske , Xiangyu Long , Meaghan V Perdue , Madison Long , Bryce Geeraert , Mohammad Ghasoub , Keith Owen Yeates , Catherine Lebel","doi":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The developmental mismatch hypothesis (DMH) proposes that a mismatch in maturational timing of the amygdala and prefrontal cortex (PFC) drives adolescent sensation-seeking behaviour. While some studies provide support for the DMH, few have evaluated sex differences or examined both grey and white matter. Here, we used T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine amygdala and PFC macrostructure and amygdala-PFC white matter microstructure development across 606 MRI sessions from 148 typically developing children and adolescents (76 females) aged 1.95–17.71 years. Using generalized additive mixed effects models, we evaluated the maturational timing of amygdala volume, four PFC subregion volumes, and fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity of the uncinate fasciculus and amygdala-PFC white matter tracts. Amygdala and PFC maturation was consistent with the DMH in males but less so in females. Relative to males, females exhibited less amygdala development and shorter periods of PFC development. In contrast to gray matter volumes, white matter changed continuously from early childhood to late adolescence, but ended earlier in females than in males. Our findings show different amygdala-PFC maturation patterns and that the amygdala-PFC neural system reaches maturity earlier in females than in males. These important differences may underlie sex differences in sensation-seeking behaviour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49083,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101568"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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