PLoS Biology最新文献_第2页

Combining nanobody labeling with STED microscopy reveals input-specific and layer-specific organization of neocortical synapses. 结合纳米体标记与STED显微镜显示输入特异性和层特异性组织的新皮层突触。

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002649

Yeasmin Akter, Grace Jones, Grant J Daskivich, Victoria Shifflett, Karina J Vargas, Martin Hruska

{"title":"Combining nanobody labeling with STED microscopy reveals input-specific and layer-specific organization of neocortical synapses.","authors":"Yeasmin Akter, Grace Jones, Grant J Daskivich, Victoria Shifflett, Karina J Vargas, Martin Hruska","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3002649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002649","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of synaptic nanostructures revealed key insights into the molecular logic of synaptic function and plasticity. Yet, our understanding of how diverse synapses in the brain organize their nano-architecture remains elusive, largely due to the limitations of super-resolution imaging in complex brain tissue. Here, we characterized single-domain camelid nanobodies for the 3D quantitative multiplex imaging of synaptic nano-organization sing tau-STED nanoscopy in cryosections from the mouse primary somatosensory cortex. We focused on thalamocortical (TC) and corticocortical (CC) synapses along the apical-basal axis of layer five pyramidal neurons as models of functionally diverse glutamatergic synapses in the brain. Spines receiving TC input were larger than those receiving CC input in all layers examined. However, the nano-architecture of TC synapses varied with dendritic location. TC afferents on apical dendrites frequently contacted spines with multiple aligned PSD-95/Bassoon nanomodules of constant size. In contrast, TC spines on basal dendrites predominantly contained a single aligned nanomodule, with PSD-95 nanocluster sizes scaling proportionally with spine volume. The nano-organization of CC synapses did not change across cortical layers and resembled modular architecture defined in vitro. These findings highlight the nanoscale diversity of synaptic architecture in the brain, that is, shaped by both the source of afferent input and the subcellular localization of individual synaptic contacts.","PeriodicalId":49001,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Biology","volume":"23 4","pages":"e3002649"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gas1-high quiescent neural stem cells are multipotent and produce oligodendrocytes during aging and after demyelinating injury. Gas1高度静止的神经干细胞具有多能性，可在衰老过程中和脱髓鞘损伤后产生少突胶质细胞。

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003100

Chaoqiong Ding, Zhenzhong Pan, Xiang Yan, Ran Zhou, Huifang Li, Lu Chen, Yuan Wang, Yan Zhang

{"title":"Gas1-high quiescent neural stem cells are multipotent and produce oligodendrocytes during aging and after demyelinating injury.","authors":"Chaoqiong Ding, Zhenzhong Pan, Xiang Yan, Ran Zhou, Huifang Li, Lu Chen, Yuan Wang, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003100","url":null,"abstract":"Quiescent neural stem cells (qNSCs) in the adult mouse subventricular zone (SVZ) normally have limited capacity to generate glia. Gliogenic domains are present in both dorsal and ventral SVZ, with the ventral region featuring a subpopulation of Gli1+ qNSCs. In dorsal SVZ, however, the molecular identity and developmental origin of oligodendrogenic qNSCs remains elusive. Here, through single-cell analysis and lineage tracing, we identify an undefined subpopulation of Gas1high qNSCs in dorsal SVZ, distinct from Gli1+ qNSCs. These cells originate from embryonic Gas1high dorsal radial glia, and persist into the aged SVZ. Remarkably, they are multipotent and more gliogenic than Gas1low/- qNSCs, continuously generating oligodendrocytes in the adult and aged brain, and can be mobilized for myelin repair upon demyelination. Together, our study uncovers a subpopulation of dorsally derived, multipotent long-term qNSCs in the adult and aged SVZ with enhanced gliogenic potential, shedding light on the heterogeneity and plasticity of NSCs in normal, aging, and disease conditions.","PeriodicalId":49001,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Biology","volume":"23 4","pages":"e3003100"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The end of long-term ecological data? 长期生态数据的终结？

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-03 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003102

Daniel T Blumstein

引用次数: 0

Social knowledge about others is anchored to self-knowledge in the hippocampal formation. 在海马体结构中，关于他人的社会知识被锚定在自我认识上。

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003050

Marta Rodríguez Aramendía, Mariachiara Esposito, Raphael Kaplan

{"title":"Social knowledge about others is anchored to self-knowledge in the hippocampal formation.","authors":"Marta Rodríguez Aramendía, Mariachiara Esposito, Raphael Kaplan","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003050","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003050","url":null,"abstract":"Mounting evidence suggests the human hippocampal formation (HF) maps how different people's attributes relate to each other. Yet, it's unclear if hippocampal map-like knowledge representations of other people are shaped by self-knowledge. Here, we test if a prominent heuristic involving an implicit reliance on self-knowledge when rating others, egocentric anchoring-and-adjustment, is present in the HF when relational information about different social entities is retrieved. Participants first provided likelihood ratings of partaking in everyday activities for themselves, fictitious individuals, and familiar social groups. During a neuroimaging task that doesn't require using self-knowledge, participants then learned a stranger's preference for an activity relative to one of the fictitious individuals and inferred how the stranger's preference related to the groups' preferences. Isolating the neural representation of egocentric anchoring when retrieving relational social knowledge, the HF and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) represented group entities' preferences relative to the self. Furthermore, the HF selectively represented group identity over other learned entities, confirming the HF was primarily engaged by social comparisons in the more ample map-like reference frame. Taken together, these results imply that self-knowledge implicitly influences how the HF learns about others.","PeriodicalId":49001,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Biology","volume":"23 4","pages":"e3003050"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11964405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A single enzyme becomes a Swiss Army knife. 一种酶变成了一把瑞士军刀。

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003072

Andreas Sichert

引用次数: 0

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003069

Md Hashim Reza, Rashi Aggarwal, Jigyasa Verma, Nitesh Kumar Podh, Ratul Chowdhury, Gunjan Mehta, Ravi Manjithaya, Kaustuv Sanyal

{"title":"Autophagy-related protein Atg11 is essential for microtubule-mediated chromosome segregation.","authors":"Md Hashim Reza, Rashi Aggarwal, Jigyasa Verma, Nitesh Kumar Podh, Ratul Chowdhury, Gunjan Mehta, Ravi Manjithaya, Kaustuv Sanyal","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003069","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging studies hint at the roles of autophagy-related proteins in various cellular processes. To understand if autophagy-related proteins influence genome stability, we sought to examine a cohort of 35 autophagy mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We observe cells lacking Atg11 show poor mitotic stability of minichromosomes. Single-molecule tracking assays and live cell microscopy reveal that Atg11 molecules dynamically localize to the spindle pole bodies (SPBs) in a microtubule (MT)-dependent manner. Loss of Atg11 leads to a delayed cell cycle progression. Such cells accumulate at metaphase at an elevated temperature that is relieved when the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is inactivated. Indeed, atg11∆ cells have stabilized securin levels, that prevent anaphase onset. Ipl1-mediated activation of SAC also confirms that atg11∆ mutants are defective in chromosome biorientation. Atg11 functions in the Kar9-dependent spindle positioning pathway. Stabilized Clb4 levels in atg11∆ cells suggest that Atg11 maintains Kar9 asymmetry by facilitating proper dynamic instability of astral microtubules (aMTs). Loss of Spc72 asymmetry contributes to non-random SPB inheritance in atg11∆ cells. Overall, this study uncovers an essential non-canonical role of Atg11 in the MT-mediated process of chromosome segregation.","PeriodicalId":49001,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Biology","volume":"23 4","pages":"e3003069"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ploidy plasticity drives fungal resistance to azoles used in agriculture and clinics. 倍性可塑性驱动真菌对农业和临床使用的唑类药物的抗性。

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003083

Kaustuv Sanyal, Aswathy Narayanan

引用次数: 0

Diatom heterotrophy on brown algal polysaccharides emerged through horizontal gene transfer, gene duplication, and neofunctionalization. 褐藻多糖对硅藻的异养作用是通过水平基因转移、基因复制和新功能化而产生的。

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003038

Zeng Hao Lim, Peng Zheng, Christopher Quek, Minou Nowrousian, Finn L Aachmann, Gregory Jedd

{"title":"Diatom heterotrophy on brown algal polysaccharides emerged through horizontal gene transfer, gene duplication, and neofunctionalization.","authors":"Zeng Hao Lim, Peng Zheng, Christopher Quek, Minou Nowrousian, Finn L Aachmann, Gregory Jedd","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003038","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003038","url":null,"abstract":"A major goal of evolutionary biology is to identify the genetic basis for the emergence of complex adaptive traits. Diatoms are ancestrally photosynthetic microalgae. However, in the genus Nitzschia, loss of photosynthesis led to a group of free-living secondary heterotrophs whose manner of acquiring chemical energy is unclear. Here, we sequence the genome of the non-photosynthetic diatom Nitzschia sing1 and identify the genetic basis for its catabolism of the brown algal cell wall polysaccharide alginate. N. sing1 obtained an endolytic alginate lyase enzyme by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from a marine bacterium. Subsequent gene duplication through unequal crossing over and transposition led to 91 genes in three distinct gene families. One family retains the ancestral endolytic enzyme function. By contrast, the two others underwent domain duplication, gain, loss, rearrangement, and mutation to encode novel functions that can account for oligosaccharide import through the endomembrane system and the exolytic production of alginate monosaccharides. Together, our results show how a single HGT event followed by substantial gene duplication and neofunctionalization led to alginate catabolism and access to a new ecological niche.","PeriodicalId":49001,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Biology","volume":"23 4","pages":"e3003038"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A hypermobile prophage in the genome of a key human gut bacterium. 一种关键人类肠道细菌基因组中的超移动噬菌体。

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003071

Andrey N Shkoporov, Colin Hill

引用次数: 0

An agricultural triazole induces genomic instability and haploid cell formation in the human fungal pathogen Candida tropicalis. 一种农用三唑诱导人类真菌病原体热带念珠菌基因组不稳定和单倍体细胞形成。

IF 9.8 1区生物学

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003062

Tianren Hu, Qiushi Zheng, Chengjun Cao, Shuaihu Li, Yanfeng Huang, Zhangyue Guan, Lingyu Ji, Jian Bing, Han Du, Austin M Perry, Clarissa J Nobile, Bing Li, Haiqing Chu, Guanghua Huang

{"title":"An agricultural triazole induces genomic instability and haploid cell formation in the human fungal pathogen Candida tropicalis.","authors":"Tianren Hu, Qiushi Zheng, Chengjun Cao, Shuaihu Li, Yanfeng Huang, Zhangyue Guan, Lingyu Ji, Jian Bing, Han Du, Austin M Perry, Clarissa J Nobile, Bing Li, Haiqing Chu, Guanghua Huang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003062","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003062","url":null,"abstract":"The human fungal pathogen Candida tropicalis is widely distributed in clinical and natural environments. It is known to be an obligate diploid organism with an incomplete and atypical sexual cycle. Azole-resistant C. tropicalis isolates have been observed with increasing prevalence in many countries in recent years. Here, we report that tebuconazole (TBZ), a triazole fungicide widely used in agriculture, can induce ploidy plasticity and the formation of haploid cells in C. tropicalis. The evolved C. tropicalis strains with ploidy variations exhibit a cross-resistance between TBZ and standard azoles used in clinical settings (such as fluconazole and voriconazole). Similar to its diploid cells, these newly discovered C. tropicalis haploid cells are capable of undergoing filamentation, white-opaque switching, and mating. However, compared to its diploid cells, these haploid C. tropicalis cells grow more slowly under in vitro culture conditions and are less virulent in a mouse model of systemic infection. Interestingly, flow cytometry analysis of a clinical strain with extremely low genome heterozygosity indicates the existence of natural C. tropicalis haploids. Discovery of this C. tropicalis haploid state sheds new light into the biology and genetic plasticity of C. tropicalis and could provide the framework for the development of new genetic tools in the field.","PeriodicalId":49001,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Biology","volume":"23 4","pages":"e3003062"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0