Yoshika Oniki-Willis, Oldrich Sychra, Ricardo Luis Palma
{"title":"Additional records of Neopsittaconirmus lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) parasitizing captive parrots.","authors":"Yoshika Oniki-Willis, Oldrich Sychra, Ricardo Luis Palma","doi":"10.1590/S1984-29612025004","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1984-29612025004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species of the chewing louse genus Neopsittaconirmus Conci, 1942 are host-specific parasites on Old World and Australasian parrots (Psittaciformes), infesting both wild and captive birds. Despite veterinarian practices that attempt to eliminate parasites from captive hosts, two species, Neopsittaconirmus gracilis Guimarães, 1974 and Neopsittaconirmus vendulae Sychra, 2006, frequently infest captive birds, not only their regular natural hosts, but also other species that are not naturally parasitized. Here we report and discuss additional records of these two species of lice from captive parrots in Brazil, Australia, England, Réunion and the United States of America.</p>","PeriodicalId":48990,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria","volume":"34 1","pages":"e018224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giane Helenita Pontarolo, Daniela Pedrassani, Luís Felipe Kühl, Monique Paiva Campos, Thais Cristina Tirado, Fabiano Borges Figueiredo, Thállitha Samih Wischral Jayme Vieira, Ana Cláudia Calchi, Marcos Rogério André, Rafael Felipe da Costa Vieira, Ivan Roque de Barros Filho
{"title":"Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) from Canoinhas, Santa Catarina State, Brazil1.","authors":"Giane Helenita Pontarolo, Daniela Pedrassani, Luís Felipe Kühl, Monique Paiva Campos, Thais Cristina Tirado, Fabiano Borges Figueiredo, Thállitha Samih Wischral Jayme Vieira, Ana Cláudia Calchi, Marcos Rogério André, Rafael Felipe da Costa Vieira, Ivan Roque de Barros Filho","doi":"10.1590/S1984-29612025003","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1984-29612025003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Opossums are synanthropic animals that participate in the zoonotic transmission cycles. Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, affects many domestic and wild animals and humans worldwide. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of T. cruzi in free-ranging opossums in Canoinhas, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Fifty opossums (Didelphis albiventris) (33 captured and 17 road-killed) were evaluated using Nested-PCR assay. All tissue samples were negative (0/17). Eight of the 33 (24.24%; 95% CI:11.94-40,89%) blood samples were positive for T. cruzi. No significant associations were found between the sex (male/ female, p = 0.423), the trap area (rural/urban, p = 0.163), and positivity for T. cruzi in opossum blood samples. All samples showed 100% identity with T. cruzi (KF788250) isolated from Panstrongylus megistus in São Paulo, Brazil. The phylogenetic analysis model allocated all sequences obtained from D. albiventris to the large TcI clade of T. cruzi. This study provides the first record of T. cruzi in white-eared opossums in Canoinhas, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":48990,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria","volume":"34 1","pages":"e017024"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariana Dantas da Silva, Andrea Cristina Higa Nakaghi, Fredy Galvis-Ovallos, João Augusto Franco Leonel, Geovanna Vioti, Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati, Nayara Cristina de Oliveira Fazolato, Julia Pinho Martins, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa Oliveira
{"title":"Infectiousness to sand flies of a cat naturally infected with Leishmania infantum at the moment of diagnosis and after three different courses of treatment.","authors":"Mariana Dantas da Silva, Andrea Cristina Higa Nakaghi, Fredy Galvis-Ovallos, João Augusto Franco Leonel, Geovanna Vioti, Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati, Nayara Cristina de Oliveira Fazolato, Julia Pinho Martins, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/S1984-29612025006","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1984-29612025006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, an evaluation was made of three treatments against feline leishmaniosis (FeL) and their impacts on the transmission of Leishmania infantum to its vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis. A cat with clinical signs of FeL was examined and L. infantum diagnosed. Subsequently, the cat was subjected to xenodiagnosis and L. infantum detected in the vectors. The cat was then treated with three different drugs and the clinical improvement and parasite transmissibility to the vector were evaluated. Promastigotes were observed in 21/52 female sandflies (40.38%) in a xenodiagnosis prior to the treatments. Clinical signs persisted after the first treatment with marbofloxacin, and the cat remained positive in serological, molecular, and parasitological tests. Therefore, the cat was treated with miltefosine but remained sick and tested positive. A second xenodiagnosis was performed a month after treatment with miltefosine, and promastigotes were observed in 5/9 females (55.55%). Lastly, the cat was treated with allopurinol, which led to good clinical improvement, but it remained positive, and a final xenodiagnosis revealed Leishmania in 2/29 (6.89%) females. The results showed that only treatment with allopurinol produced a good clinical response, but none of the treatments succeeded in eliminating L. infantum infection or preventing transmission to the vector.</p>","PeriodicalId":48990,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria","volume":"34 1","pages":"e016524"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeferson Vidart Ramos, Verônica Rocha Merched, Laura Dias da Silva Ribeiro, Guilherme Neves Lima Rattmann, Renan Eugênio Araújo Piraine, Fabio Pereira Leivas Leite
{"title":"Fecal shedding level of Haemonchus contortus is associated with gastrointestinal bacterial microbial composition in naturally infected sheep.","authors":"Jeferson Vidart Ramos, Verônica Rocha Merched, Laura Dias da Silva Ribeiro, Guilherme Neves Lima Rattmann, Renan Eugênio Araújo Piraine, Fabio Pereira Leivas Leite","doi":"10.1590/S1984-29612025005","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1984-29612025005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A complex interaction of gastrointestinal parasites with sheep hosts may involve bacteria communities, parasite genera, parasitic genes, and biological pathways. Haemonchus contortus presents a global challenge for ruminants, and the bacterial community can influence sheep's resistance and susceptibility to these parasites. Thus, a better understanding of this complex interaction could contribute to the development of a new approach to parasite control. This study evaluated the bacterial community of Corriedale sheep naturally infected with H. contortus based on the fecal egg counts over ten months and then classified as having low (LC), intermediate (IC), or high (HC). Stool samples were collected monthly for egg counts (EPG), and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on five animals from each group. The average EPG was 2,635 ± 105 for HC, 845 ± 129 for IC, and 110 ± 70 for LC, with a significant difference (p = 0.0001). Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetes were more abundant in the HC group. 102 bacterial genera showed significant differences between the LC and HC groups. Beta diversity was statistically different (p<0.005) for HC compared with the other two groups; also, different communities were found between LC and HC. Sediminispirochaeta, Oribacterium, Alloprevotella, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Ruminiclostridium_6 and Ruminococcus_1were significant more abundant in LC, and IC group. Acetobacter and Methanocorpusculum had a significant reduction in the LC group. Thus, bacterial genera related to low methane emission and food efficiency were significantly present in the LC group. Therefore, a better understanding of the role of host-bacterial community-parasite interaction could contribute to improving parasite control management.</p>","PeriodicalId":48990,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria","volume":"34 1","pages":"e017724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilanna Vanessa Pristo de Medeiros Oliveira, José Artur Brilhante Bezerra, Gabriela Hémylin Ferreira Moura, Ana Carolina Yamakawa, Mariana Guimarães Nilsson, Jéssica da Silva Ferreira, Amanda Haisi, Felipe Fornazari, Hélio Langoni, João Marcelo Azevedo de Paula Antunes
{"title":"Molecular analysis of zoonotic pathogens in free-ranging six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) from the Brazilian semiarid region.","authors":"Ilanna Vanessa Pristo de Medeiros Oliveira, José Artur Brilhante Bezerra, Gabriela Hémylin Ferreira Moura, Ana Carolina Yamakawa, Mariana Guimarães Nilsson, Jéssica da Silva Ferreira, Amanda Haisi, Felipe Fornazari, Hélio Langoni, João Marcelo Azevedo de Paula Antunes","doi":"10.1590/S1984-29612025002","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1984-29612025002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated infection by Leishmania spp., Leptospira spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and Trypanosoma cruzi in six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) from the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Twenty specimens of E. sexcinctus were captured alive by wildlife veterinarians from their natural habitats in different locations. The animals were euthanized following induction of anesthesia, and different biological samples were collected. Infection with four pathogens was subsequently evaluated: Leishmania infection was investigated by spleen and liver Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR); Leptospira spp. infection was evaluated by kidney PCR and serologically by microscopic agglutination test; T. gondii infection was assessed by PCR of the heart, lung, and spleen; and T. cruzi infection was investigated by heart and whole blood PCR and hemoculture. All tests presented negative results apart from whole blood PCR to detect T. cruzi, which was positive in one of the 20 animals tested and confirmed by genetic sequencing. It is important to highlight that this is the first study comprising a molecular investigation of different zoonotic pathogens in six-banded armadillos, and the findings reported here bring new and important knowledge regarding zoonotic diseases in this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":48990,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria","volume":"34 1","pages":"e017124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eliesse Pereira Costa, Gisele Vaz Aguirre Samoel, Gilneia da Rosa, Vanessa Osmari, Michelli Lopes de Souza, Luís Felipe Dias Lopes, Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel, Sônia de Avila Botton, Luís Antônio Sangioni
{"title":"Antibody dynamics in dogs submitted to different canine visceral leishmaniasis treatment protocols.","authors":"Eliesse Pereira Costa, Gisele Vaz Aguirre Samoel, Gilneia da Rosa, Vanessa Osmari, Michelli Lopes de Souza, Luís Felipe Dias Lopes, Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel, Sônia de Avila Botton, Luís Antônio Sangioni","doi":"10.1590/S1984-29612025001","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1984-29612025001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated dynamics of antibodies in dogs treated for canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Twenty-one dogs naturally infected by Leishmania spp. were grouped based on the treatment protocol: G1 (n=4) received allopurinol; G2 (n=10) allopurinol with miltefosine; and G3 (n=7) allopurinol, miltefosine and Leish-Tec® vaccine. The dogs were monitored monthly for a period of one year. To verify serum antibody titers, an indirect immunofluorescence reaction was performed. We found that dogs from G1 and G2 had lower clinical scores and antibody titers, when compared to the parameters evaluated in pre-treatment; however, clinical relapses were observed in three animals. In G3, clinical scores were lower than pre-treatment; however, they presented relatively stable antibody titers and no clinical relapse was observed. All animals submitted to the evaluated treatment protocols showed relative improvement in clinical signs. Furthermore, the immune response of animals must be considered, given the challenges of parasitic loads in infections. Therefore, it is necessary to complement the methods of clinical and therapeutic monitoring of dogs with CVL in order to establish the risk of transmissibility of the agent in infected and treated dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48990,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria","volume":"34 1","pages":"e014824"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eloiza Sarmento Amoras, Jhonata Eduard, Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Progene, José Francisco Berrêdo Reis da Silva, Marcela Nunes Videira, José Ledamir Sindeaux-Neto, Michele Velasco
{"title":"Morphological and histopathological description of Calyptospora sp. parasitism in Cichla monoculus Spix, 1929 (Osteichthyes, Cichlidae) from the lake region of Pracuúba-Amapá, Brazil.","authors":"Eloiza Sarmento Amoras, Jhonata Eduard, Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Progene, José Francisco Berrêdo Reis da Silva, Marcela Nunes Videira, José Ledamir Sindeaux-Neto, Michele Velasco","doi":"10.1590/S1984-29612024078","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1984-29612024078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tucunaré (Cichla sp.) is an Amazonian fish that is heavily commercialized in the state of Amapá, and it can be infected by a variety of parasites, including coccidia of the genus Calyptospora, which are identified at the genus level by analyzing the structures that comprise its morphology. This study aimed to describe the morphology and histopathology of Calyptospora sp. parasitism in Cichla monoculus Spix, 1929 in the Municipality of Pracuúba, Amapá, Brazil. Nine specimens were acquired from the Lake Sacaizal by artisanal fishermen and transported in isothermal boxes to the Integrated Morpho-molecular and Technologies Laboratory (LIMT) of the Federal Rural University of the Amazon in Belém, Pará, where they were necropsied. Fragments of the liver were removed to visualize cysts using light microscopy and processed for scanning electron microscopy and histology analyses. The analysis revealed that 66.6% of the fish examined had clusters of oocysts in the hepatic region, resulting in the formation of melanomacrophagic centers. The oocysts were sphere-like, with a diameter of 21 µm. They contained four pyriform sporocysts, 8.7 µm long and 4.9 µm wide, with sporopods in the posterior region.</p>","PeriodicalId":48990,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria","volume":"33 4","pages":"e012324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Makoto Enoki Caracciolo, Erika Verissimo Villela, Leandro Dos Santos Machado, Maria Lúcia Barreto, Ana Cláudia de Paula Rosa, Eduardo José Lopes-Torres
{"title":"Nematode-bacteria interactions in bovine parasitic otitis.","authors":"Makoto Enoki Caracciolo, Erika Verissimo Villela, Leandro Dos Santos Machado, Maria Lúcia Barreto, Ana Cláudia de Paula Rosa, Eduardo José Lopes-Torres","doi":"10.1590/S1984-29612024081","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1984-29612024081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine parasitic otitis poses challenges in diagnosis, treatment and involves various agents, such as bacteria, fungi, mites, and nematodes. This study focused on the nematodes and bacteria isolated from the auditory canals of dairy cattle. A total of twenty samples were collected from dairy cattle in two states of Brazil. The results showed that Metarhabditis freitasi and M. costai nematodes were identified in 75% of samples. Bacterial species from the ear, identified via mass spectrometry, revealed that different strains were present in 65% of the cattle. Mycoplasma spp. were identified in 45% of samples through molecular techniques. Gram-negative bacteria and Mycoplasma spp. were exclusively found in nematode-infected cattle. Furthermore, the bacteria exhibited resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes, and demonstrating multiresistance. Electron microscopy revealed biofilm aggregates on the cuticle of Metarhabditis spp., suggesting a potential role of these nematodes in bacterial migration and interaction with nervous tissue. Thirteen bacterial strains demonstrated biofilm formation ability, indicating their potential pathogenic role. This research highlights the persistent and complex nature of parasitic otitis, emphasizing the significant role of nematode-bacteria associations in its pathogenicity. The presence of resistant strains and biofilm formation underscores the challenges in managing the diagnosis and treatment of bovine parasitic otitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48990,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria","volume":"33 4","pages":"e019024"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Viviane Souza Campos, Letícia Oliveira da Rocha, Hassan Jerdy Leandro, Teresa Pontes, Fábio Conceição de Oliveira, Eulógio Carlos Queiroz de Carvalho, Leonardo Siqueira Glória, Clóvis de Paula Santos
{"title":"Cymbopogon citratus showing nematicidal activity against Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri.","authors":"Viviane Souza Campos, Letícia Oliveira da Rocha, Hassan Jerdy Leandro, Teresa Pontes, Fábio Conceição de Oliveira, Eulógio Carlos Queiroz de Carvalho, Leonardo Siqueira Glória, Clóvis de Paula Santos","doi":"10.1590/S1984-29612024079","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1984-29612024079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper describes a novel in vivo study of Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) to assess its anthelmintic activity. To this end, C57BL/6 mice were separated into three groups: G1: uninfected; G2: negative control infected with Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri and administered with 3% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); and G3: infected with H. polygyrus bakeri and treated with C. citratus aqueous extract (50mg/kg). The extract and H. polygyrus bakeri were administered via gavage and the anatomo-histopathological evaluation of the animals took place after necropsy and organ removal. In addition, the number of eggs per gram of feces (epg) and of adult parasites in the small intestine of each animal, as well as blood cell counts, were assessed. The in vivo assay revealed a reduction in the epg (54%), number of adult nematodes (89%), number of eosinophils, and intestinal lesions in mice treated with C. citratus. These results suggest that the crude aqueous extract of C. citratus at the dose evaluated here has anthelmintic and possibly anti-inflammatory properties, given its effectiveness against gastrointestinal H. polygyrus bakeri nematodes and the recovery of damaged tissues. Therefore, this plant shows potential to control gastrointestinal nematodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48990,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria","volume":"33 4","pages":"e014224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}