Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

{"title":"Comment on “Myosteatosis and Muscle Loss Impact Liver Transplant Outcomes in Male Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma” by Lu et al.—The Authors' Reply","authors":"Di Lu, Zhihang Hu, Hao Chen, Xiao Xu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13762","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13762","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We appreciate the interest and insightful comments by Kamiliou et al. [<span>1</span>] regarding our recently published study [<span>2</span>]. Our work incorporated 756 participants from 3 transplant centres and identified that pre-transplant myosteatosis aggravated the adverse impact of sarcopenia on liver transplant outcomes in male patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In terms of the prevalence of myosteatosis, they suggested that the low prevalence we reported could be attributed to the inclusion of Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B-related HCC. After reviewing their work [<span>3</span>], we agree that the variance in the prevalence of myosteatosis is worth exploring. Also, the variance in myosteatosis prevalence may be influenced by assessment criteria. By using skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMRA) [<span>2, 4</span>] or intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) [<span>5, 6</span>], studies usually reported substantially different positiveness rates. Regarding the different outcomes by gender, our study focused on the prognostic value of skeletal muscle parameters primarily in a male cohort. Yet, it is still insufficient to conclude that myosteatosis is unrelated to post-liver transplantation outcomes in females. Future research should address this question in relatively larger female cohorts, particularly in HCC where male patients take up the majority. Furthermore, they reported a higher incidence of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with myosteatosis [<span>7</span>], which is supported by other studies [<span>8, 9</span>]. Given that our study focused on the association between skeletal muscle and post-transplant outcomes, we did not adequately evaluate the association between myosteatosis and hepatic encephalopathy. Nonetheless, we appreciate their efforts on this important issue as hepatic encephalopathy remains a major concern in patients with end-stage liver disease. About diabetes, we observed a higher prevalence of myosteatosis in the diabetic population compared to the non-diabetic group (34% vs. 26%). The mean SMRA was significantly lower in the diabetic group than in non-diabetic patients (39.8 HU vs. 41.0 HU, <i>p</i> = 0.047), partially confirming an association between diabetes and myosteatosis.</p><p>In this latest work, we established a streamlined approach applicable to both sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic recipients, with the aim of stratifying recipients based on distinct prognostic risks to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. Of note, our team previously demonstrated that both myosteatosis and sarcopenia independently and additively increase mortality risk among recipients of split liver transplantation [<span>10</span>], complementing the conclusions of this study. While our study assessed peri-transplant muscle mass changes and their impact on prognosis in non-sarcopenic patients, we found no significant effect of postoperative myosteatosis. Interestingly, our results also indicated that preope","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Change in Physical Activity and Its Association With Decline in Kidney Function: A UK Biobank-Based Cohort Study” by Liu et al.—The Authors' Reply","authors":"Qiaoling Liu, Carlos Celis-Morales, Jennifer S. Lees, Naveed Sattar, Frederick K. Ho, Jill P. Pell, Patrick B. Mark, Paul Welsh","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13765","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13765","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We are grateful for the interest of Dr Wang et al. [<span>1</span>] in our study. Their letter raises several important points, and we are pleased to have the opportunity to address them.</p><p>As Wang G et al. note, the UK Biobank does include accelerometer-measured physical activity data. However, these measurements were collected in a subset of participants (< 100 000) at a single time point, 8–10 years after the baseline assessment. Unfortunately, biomarkers were not assessed at the time when the accelerometer data were collected. Consequently, it is not feasible to evaluate changes in physical activity over time—our study's primary exposure of interest—or to link these accelerometer-based physical activity measures with kidney function outcomes. We fully agree with Wang G et al.'s observation that self-reported physical activity data inherently cause some misclassification. As discussed in the manuscript, recall bias can be bidirectional and any misclassification would likely be nondifferential and expected to underestimate the magnitude of the effect size. We have acknowledged this potential bias as the first limitation [<span>2</span>]. We would also point out that the associations of self-reported and objectively measured physical activity with health outcomes are generally concordant in UK Biobank [<span>3-5</span>]. Further research involving repeated assessments of accelerometer-based physical activity would greatly improve our understanding of how activity patterns influence kidney function. However, large cohort studies with data collected at multiple time points are not yet available.</p><p>Regarding mGFR, Porrini et al. (2019) reviewed that eGFR can deviate from mGFR by around 30% [<span>6</span>]. However, current mGFR measurement methods—whether using inulin, iohexol, or other filtration markers—are complex, expensive and simply not feasible in very large cohorts. Many institutions, including KDIGO, recommend using eGFR in most cases, leaving mGFR for specific clinical scenarios [<span>7</span>]. Given the large sample size in our study and the fact that participants do not have known kidney disease, we believe that eGFR is suitable for our research needs. To mitigate known limitations of eGFR, we used creatinine-based, cystatin C-based and creatinine + cystatin C-based eGFR estimates, accepting that some interpretation is needed to account for the non-GFR determinants of creatinine and cystatin C.</p><p>We agree that diet can have an impact on serum creatinine, which was the purpose of our study also reporting eGFR<sub>cysC</sub>. To our knowledge, there is no evidence suggesting that diet directly impacts cystatin-C [<span>8</span>]. However, our study accounted for BMI, which serves as a reasonable proxy for overall diet quality. Additionally, we adjusted our analyses for inflammation, including CRP, to ensure robustness.</p><p>We understand Dr Wang et al.'s suggestion of additional focus on patients with CKD. We recogni","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13765","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Acute Sarcopenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Its Incidence and Muscle Parameter Shifts During Hospitalisation” by Aldrich et al.","authors":"Paulo Eugênio Silva,&nbsp;Gerson Cipriano Jr","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13767","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We are writing to address a misrepresentation of our study, Silva et al. [<span>1</span>], in the recently published article titled ‘Acute Sarcopenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Its Incidence and Muscle Parameter Shifts During Hospitalisation’ [<span>2</span>]. Specifically, the authors state on page 11 that Silva et al. [<span>1</span>] did not measure knee extension strength. This statement is incorrect.</p><p>In our study, knee extension strength was assessed using a dynamometer to measure peak force evoked by neuromuscular electrical stimulation. This methodology was a fundamental part of our research design and is thoroughly detailed in the published manuscript [<span>1</span>] as well as in other related manuscripts [<span>3, 4</span>]. Please refer to Figure 1 and method section below described.</p><p>Methods section from Silva et al. 2019 [<span>1</span>].</p><p>Additionally, we would like to clarify a discrepancy regarding the sample size reported for our study. The correct sample size was 60 participants (Figure 2), not 30 as might be inferred from the tables and figures in our manuscript, specifically Figures 1 and 2.</p><p>It appears that the authors may have considered only the control group, but this is not explicitly stated. It is important for readers to have accurate information about the study design and sample size to properly interpret the findings.</p><p>We kindly request that these inaccuracies be addressed to ensure the integrity of the scientific record and to prevent potential misinterpretations by readers and researchers relying on this review.</p><p>The authors have nothing to report.</p><p>The authors declare no conflicts of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13767","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Administration of Bosentan in High-Risk COVID-19 Outpatients at Risk of Sarcopenia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial","authors":"Shaahin Shahbazi,&nbsp;Erfan Shahbazi,&nbsp;Farid Zayeri,&nbsp;Zahra Vahdat Shariatpanahi","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13753","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endothelial damage induces myofibrillar breakdown and muscle degradation in COVID-19 infection. There is a relationship between increased endothelin-1 synthesis and sarcopenia. We evaluated the preventive effect of early bosentan therapy as an endothelin receptor blocker in sarcopenia in high-risk outpatients with COVID-19 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 15 December 2021 to 15 August 2023, patients within 3 days of the onset of signs and symptoms were randomly assigned to receive bosentan, 62.5 mg, or placebo, twice daily from enrollment for 30 days. The primary outcome was disease progression (death or hospitalization within 15 days after randomization), and the data for this outcome have been previously published. Sarcopenia as a secondary outcome was assessed prospectively at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after randomization using the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 (IRCT.ir, IRCT20211203053263N1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 313 patients (156 bosentan group, 157 controls) were included in the analyses, which were performed under the intent-to-treat principle. Overall, the incidence of sarcopenia was 8.6% (<i>n</i> = 27). Nineteen (73%) had severe sarcopenia. At the 3-month follow-up, the incidence of sarcopenia was 8.3% in the total population, with the significant risk difference (RD) of −10.17% in the bosentan group versus the control group. The incidence in the total population and RD in the bosentan group versus the control group at months 6, 9 and 12 were 8.6% (RD: −10.81%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), 8.3% (RD: −10.17%, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and 5.4% (RD: −6.99%, <i>p</i> = 0.003), respectively. During the study, 29 people developed severe COVID-19 and were hospitalized. At follow-up, sarcopenia occurred in four inpatients and 23 outpatients (<i>p</i> = 0.23). Mortality occurred in 5.1% (<i>n</i> = 16) of the total population, including 4 (1.3%) of the patients in the bosentan group and 12 (3.8%) of the patients in the placebo group (<i>p</i> = 0.069). None of the patients who died had sarcopenia. Bosentan did not cause any severe adverse events and was well tolerated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early administration of bosentan may prevent sarcopenia in high-risk outpatients with COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13753","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Muscle Quality on Muscle Strength and Physical Performance Beyond Muscle Mass or Diabetes Status","authors":"Jung A. Kim,&nbsp;Chol Shin,&nbsp;Inha Jung,&nbsp;So Young Park,&nbsp;Da Young Lee,&nbsp;Ji Hee Yu,&nbsp;Hyunjoo Cho,&nbsp;Seung Ku Lee,&nbsp;Kyoung Jin Kim,&nbsp;Eyun Song,&nbsp;Kyeong Jin Kim,&nbsp;Nam Hoon Kim,&nbsp;Hye Jin Yoo,&nbsp;Sin Gon Kim,&nbsp;Kyung Mook Choi,&nbsp;Nan Hee Kim,&nbsp;Ji A. Seo","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13760","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Muscle quality, represented by myosteatosis, is recognized as an important factor in sarcopenia. In this study, we aimed to determine the associations between myosteatosis, muscle strength and physical performance among the elderly South Korean population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 1440 participants (mean age 62.7 ± 6.2 years) from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Based on the computed tomography attenuation of mid-thigh imaging, the total muscle area (TMA), normal-attenuation muscle area (NAMA), low-attenuation muscle area (LAMA) and inter-intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and its indices were used to evaluate myosteatosis. Muscle strength was evaluated using hand grip strength, whereas physical performance was evaluated through 4-m gait speed, a 30-s sit-to-stand test and 2-min walking test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 1440 patients, 51.5% were women, and 37.2% had diabetes. With aging, the LAMA index gradually increased, and the NAMA index gradually decreased in both men and women (<i>p</i> for trend &lt; 0.001). The NAMA index was positively associated, whereas the LAMA and IMAT indices were negatively associated with muscle strength and physical performance after adjusting for age and sex. Higher tertiles of the NAMA index were consistently associated with improved physical performance across all appendicular skeletal muscle tertiles. The relationship between the NAMA index or LAMA index and muscle strength and physical performance did not differ according to diabetic status. Regular exercise was associated with a higher NAMA index and a lower LAMA index in the non-diabetic group; however, no significant difference in muscle quality was observed in the diabetic group in relation to exercise.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduced myosteatosis was positively associated with greater muscle strength and better physical performance in both men and women, regardless of muscle mass or diabetes status; improving myosteatosis may be a therapeutic target for the prevention of sarcopenia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13760","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Handgrip Strength and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in MASLD: A Prospective Study From UK Biobank","authors":"Tae Seop Lim,&nbsp;Sujin Kwon,&nbsp;Sung A. Bae,&nbsp;Hye Yeon Chon,&nbsp;Seol A. Jang,&nbsp;Ja Kyung Kim,&nbsp;Chul Sik Kim,&nbsp;Seok Won Park,&nbsp;Kyoung Min Kim","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13757","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) using data from the UK Biobank cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 201 563 participants were enrolled in this study. The HGS was measured using a Jamar J00105 hydraulic hand dynamometer. MASLD was defined as the presence of hepatic steatosis accompanied by one or more cardiometabolic criteria. Hepatic steatosis was identified using a fatty liver index ≥ 60. Advanced liver fibrosis was defined by a fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score &gt; 2.67. To examine the differences in the incidence of CVD, male and female participants were divided into non-MASLD, MASLD with high HGS, MASLD with middle HGS, and MASLD with low-HGS groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the study participants, 75 498 (37.5%) were diagnosed with MASLD, with a mean age of 56.5 years, and 40.6% were male. The median follow-up duration was 13.1 years. The frequency of incident CVD events increased significantly across groups: 10.9% in non-MASLD, 13.3% in MASLD with high HGS, 14.8% in MASLD with middle HGS, and 18.4% in MASLD with low HGS for males (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In females, the frequency of incident CVD events was 6.1% in non-MASLD, 9.2% in MASLD with high HGS, 10.7% in MASLD with middle HGS, and 13.3% in MASLD with low HGS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Using the non-MASLD group as a reference, multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) for CVD varied according to HGS in individuals with MASLD. In males with MASLD, HRs (95% CI) were 1.03 (0.96–1.10) for high HGS, 1.14 (1.07–1.21) for middle HGS, and 1.38 (1.30–1.46) for low HGS; in females with MASLD, they were 1.07 (0.97–1.18) for high HGS, 1.25 (1.14–1.37) for middle HGS, and 1.56 (1.43–1.72) for low HGS. The incidence of CVD events increased as HGS decreased in participants with MASLD, regardless of the presence or absence of advanced liver fibrosis (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This large prospective cohort study using the UK Biobank showed that in MASLD, a decrease in HGS was associated with increased CVD risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13757","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Changes in Visceral Adipose Tissue After Lobectomy and Segmentectomy for Patients With Early-Stage Lung Cancer","authors":"Tetsuya Isaka,&nbsp;Takuya Nagashima,&nbsp;Kota Washimi,&nbsp;Haruhiro Saito,&nbsp;Hiroto Narimatsu,&nbsp;Shunsuke Shigefuku,&nbsp;Chiaki Kanno,&nbsp;Ryotaro Matsuyama,&nbsp;Naoko Shigeta,&nbsp;Yui Sueishi,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Ito","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13751","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The impact of lobectomy versus segmentectomy on body composition changes, particularly adipose tissue, in patients with early-stage lung cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between these surgical approaches and postoperative changes in adipose tissue.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We retrospectively analysed visceral fat area (VFA) and waist circumference (WC) at the L3 level using cross-sectional computed tomography images from 346 recurrence-free patients who underwent lobectomy (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 240) or segmentectomy (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 106) for clinical stage 0–I primary lung cancer between January 2016 and December 2018. Long-term postoperative changes in VFA and WC by the third postoperative year (POY3) were compared between the lobectomy and segmentectomy groups using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Risk factors for VFA reduction were identified through multivariable analysis using logistic regression model. Propensity score matching (PSM, 1:1 matching) was also performed to compare VFA and WC changes between the lobectomy and segmentectomy groups.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;At 6 months postoperatively, VFA and WC decreased by 16.4% and 1.0% in the lobectomy groups, respectively, and increased by 0.1% and 0.2% in the segmentectomy groups (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001 and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.029, respectively). The two-way repeated measure ANOVA showed that the VFA and WC significantly decreased in the lobectomy group compared with the segmentectomy group within the POY3 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001 and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.038, respectively). Patients with a VFA change of ≥ −13% at POY3 (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 238) had significantly better OS than those with a change of &lt; −13% (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 108) (5-year OS rate, 97.7% vs. 93.4%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017), and VFA change &lt; −13% at POY3 was an independent poor prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio, 4.14; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.013). Lobectomy was identified as an independent risk factor for a VFA change of &lt; −13% at POY3 (odds ratio, 2.86; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). After PSM (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 93 for each group), VFA and WC significantly decreased in the lobectomy group compared with the lobectomy group within the POY3 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.009 and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.020, respectively).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In patients with early-stage lung cancer without recurrence, long-term postoperative changes in VFA and WC differed between lobectomy and segmentectomy. Lobectomy resulted in a greater decrease in VFA from 6 months to 3 ye","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functions and Therapeutic Potentials of Long Noncoding RNA in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Dystrophy","authors":"Yidi Zhang,&nbsp;Teng Wang,&nbsp;Ziang Wang,&nbsp;Xin'e Shi,&nbsp;Jianjun Jin","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13747","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in the human body and is responsible for movement, metabolism, energy production and longevity. Muscle atrophy is a frequent complication of several diseases and occurs when protein degradation exceeds protein synthesis. Genetics, ageing, nerve injury, weightlessness, cancer, chronic diseases, the accumulation of metabolic byproducts and other stimuli can lead to muscle atrophy. Muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disorder, part of which is caused by the deficiency of dystrophin protein and is mostly related to genetics. Muscle atrophy and muscular dystrophy are accompanied by dynamic changes in transcriptomic, translational and epigenetic regulation. Multiple signalling pathways, such as the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, inflammatory signalling pathways, neuromechanical signalling pathways, endoplasmic reticulum stress and glucocorticoids signalling pathways, regulate muscle atrophy. A large number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to be abnormally expressed in atrophic muscles and dystrophic muscles and regulate the balance of muscle protein synthesis and degradation or dystrophin protein expression. These lncRNAs may serve as potential targets for treating muscle atrophy and muscular dystrophy. In this review, we summarized the known lncRNAs related to muscular dystrophy and muscle atrophy induced by denervation, ageing, weightlessness, cachexia and abnormal myogenesis, along with their molecular mechanisms. Finally, we explored the potential of using these lncRNAs as therapeutic targets for muscle atrophy and muscular dystrophy, including the methods of discovery and clinical application prospects for functional lncRNAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13747","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deubiquitinating Enzymes Regulate Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Quality Control and Insulin Sensitivity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Wagner S. Dantas,&nbsp;Elizabeth C. Heintz,&nbsp;Elizabeth R. M. Zunica,&nbsp;Jacob T. Mey,&nbsp;Melissa L. Erickson,&nbsp;Kathryn P. Belmont,&nbsp;Analisa L. Taylor,&nbsp;Gangarao Davuluri,&nbsp;Hisashi Fujioka,&nbsp;Ciarán E. Fealy,&nbsp;Charles L. Hoppel,&nbsp;Christopher L. Axelrod,&nbsp;John P. Kirwan","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13763","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Activation of mitochondrial fission and quality control occur early in the onset of insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that differences in mitochondrial dynamics, structure and bioenergetics in humans would explain the onset and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-eight sedentary adults (37 ± 12 years) were enrolled into one of three groups: (1) healthy weight (HW), (2) overweight and obesity (Ow/Ob), or (3) T2D. Body composition, aerobic capacity, and insulin sensitivity were assessed during a 3-day inpatient stay. A fasted skeletal muscle biopsy was obtained to assess mitochondrial functions. C2C12 myoblasts were transfected with FLAG-HA-USP15 and FLAG-HA-USP30 and harvested to assess mitochondrial dynamics and cellular insulin action.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Insulin sensitivity and aerobic capacity were lower in Ow/Ob (132% and 28%, respectively) and T2D (1024% and 83%, respectively) relative to HW. Patients with T2D presented with elevated skeletal muscle mitochondrial fission (3.2 fold relative to HW and Ow/Ob), decreased fusion, and impairments in quality control. Mitochondrial content was lower in Ow/Ob (26%) and T2D (56%). USP13 (84%), USP15 (96%) and USP30 (53%) expression were increased with decreased Parkin and Ub activation in T2D alone. USP15 (<i>R</i>² = 0.55, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and USP30 (<i>R</i>² = 0.40, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) expression negatively correlated with peripheral insulin sensitivity. USP15 and USP30 overexpression activated DRP1 (3.6 and 3.7 fold, respectively) while inhibiting AKT (96% and 81%, respectively) and AS160 (2.1 and 3.5 fold, respectively) phosphorylation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mitochondrial fragmentation bypasses defects in mitophagy to sustain skeletal muscle quality control in patients with T2D.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13763","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Intermittent Hypoxic Conditioning Enhance the Benefits of Standard Long COVID-19 Rehabilitation?","authors":"Tim Kambič,&nbsp;Tadej Debevec,&nbsp;Mitja Lainscak","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13769","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Since the outbreak of the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in December 2019, nearly 705 million people got infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and more than 7 million people died [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Following recovery from acute COVID-19 infection, many individuals continue to suffer from long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (≥ 3 months) defined as long COVID-19 syndrome or post COVID condition [&lt;span&gt;2-4&lt;/span&gt;]. Unsurprisingly, incidence of long COVID-19 syndrome is the highest among hospitalised unvaccinated individuals (50%–85%) and the lowest among vaccinated people (8–12%) and in most cases persisted more than 1 year [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. The greater risk and most severe symptoms of long COVID-19 were manifested in females aged 35–50 years, patients with comorbidities (type 2 diabetes, allergies, lung diseases, heart failure, chronic kidney disease and obesity) and in unvaccinated individuals [&lt;span&gt;2-5&lt;/span&gt;]. Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in patients with long COVID-19, particularly after longer hospitalisation [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Long COVID-19 is a heterogeneous, systemic and multiorgan syndrome that has been associated with &gt; 200 different symptoms. The accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 in the tissues, dysregulated immune response, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction induce damage to pulmonary (lung fibrosis and alveolar epithelium injury), cardiovascular (peri-myocarditis, arterial inflammation, micro-thrombosis and coagulopathy), skeletal muscle (muscle fibre atrophy and disrupted mitochondrial function) [&lt;span&gt;7, 8&lt;/span&gt;], neurological (postural orthostatic tachycardia and dysautonomia) and autoimmune (onset of autoimmune diseases) systems (Figure 1) [&lt;span&gt;2-4, 9&lt;/span&gt;]. These impairments are primarily manifested as fatigue, cough, shortness of breath at rest and after exercise, exercise intolerance, chest pain, joint and muscle pain, cognitive impairments (dizziness, brain fog) and sleep disorders, along with other less frequent symptoms [&lt;span&gt;2-4, 7, 9, 10&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Multisystem involvement makes long COVID-19 management challenging. To date, only cognitive and exercise training interventions alone or combined have shown promise of improvement in cognitive, pulmonary and physical function over usual care; a plethora of other interventions, including drugs, food supplementation and neurological approaches, did not provide benefits (Figure 1) [&lt;span&gt;11, 12&lt;/span&gt;]. With pulmonary symptoms at a centre stage, several exercise training modalities for patients with long-COVID were effectively translated from standard pulmonary rehabilitation [&lt;span&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;], while the inspiratory muscle training alone demonstrated no added benefit. Therefore, the search for safe and effective pulmonary or systemic intervention that would additionally restore pulmonary function continues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Over the recent years, the manipulations of ambient oxygen (O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) (e.g., hypoxic and hyperoxi","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13769","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}