Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

{"title":"A Longitudinal Study of the Bidirectional Temporal Dynamics Between Body Mass Index and Biological Aging","authors":"Peggy Ler, Jonathan K. L. Mak, Chandra A. Reynolds, Alexander Ploner, Nancy L. Pedersen, Juulia Jylhävä, Anna K. Dahl Aslan, Deborah Finkel, Ida K. Karlsson","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13824","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity and aging share biological processes, but their relationship remains unclear, especially in late life. Understanding how body mass index (BMI) and biological aging influence each other can guide strategies to reduce age- and obesity-related health risks. We examined the bidirectional, longitudinal association between changes in BMI and biological aging, measured by frailty index (FI) and functional aging index (FAI), across late life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This longitudinal cohort study used data from the Swedish Twin Registry substudies, GENDER, OCTO-Twin and SATSA, collected via in-person assessments from 1986 to 2014 at 2- to 4-year intervals. We analysed 6216–6512 evaluations from 1902 to 1976 Swedish twins. Dual change score models were applied to assess the bidirectional, longitudinal association between BMI and FI or FAI from ages 60.0–91.9. FI measured physiological aging, while FAI assessed functional aging through a composite score of functional abilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At first measurement, mean age was 74 ± 8, and 41% were males. BMI–FI relationship was bidirectional (<i>p</i> value ≤ 0.001): Higher BMI predicted a greater increase in FI over time (coupling effect [<i>γ</i>] = 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.65–1.06, <i>p</i> value ≤ 0.001), and higher FI predicted steeper decline in BMI (<i>γ</i> = −0.04, 95% CI = −0.05 to −0.03, <i>p</i> value ≤ 0.001). When including coupling from FI, BMI showed a nonlinear trajectory with a mean intercept of 26.32 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (95% CI = 25.76–26.88), declining more rapidly after age 75. When including BMI coupling, FI increased from a mean intercept of 7.91% (95% CI = 6.41–9.42), with steeper growth from ages 60–75. BMI–FAI relationship was unidirectional (<i>p</i> value ≤ 0.001): Higher FAI predicted a steeper BMI decline (<i>γ</i> = −0.02, 95% CI = −0.02 to −0.01, <i>p</i> value ≤ 0.001). By including FAI coupling, BMI had a mean intercept of 26.10 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (95% CI = 25.47–26.74), declining rapidly after age 75. FAI increased exponentially from a mean intercept of 36.49 (95% CI = 34.54–38.43).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher BMI predicted a steeper increase in FI, substantiating the hypothesis that obesity accelerates biological aging. Higher biological aging, measured as FI and FAI, drove a steeper BMI decline in late life, signalling that late-life weight loss may result from accelerated aging. Higher BMI may accelerate aspects of the aging process, ","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13824","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cisplatin-Induced Muscle Wasting and Atrophy: Molecular Mechanism and Potential Therapeutic Interventions","authors":"Ko-Chieh Huang,&nbsp;Yi-Fen Chiang,&nbsp;Mohamed Ali,&nbsp;Shih-Min Hsia","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13817","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Platinum-based chemotherapeutics, particularly cisplatin, are crucial in the treatment of various malignancies due to their strong antitumor effects. However, a significant side effect of cisplatin is muscle atrophy, which severely impairs physical strength, diminishes quality of life and complicates cancer therapy. Cisplatin-induced muscle wasting arises from a complex interplay of enhanced proteolysis, reduced muscle protein synthesis and systemic inflammation. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy is vital for identifying new therapeutic targets. This review systematically explores molecular-based therapies and plant-derived natural compounds, providing a comprehensive overview of their efficacy in vivo and in vitro for preventing cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy. Both molecular-based therapies and plant-derived natural compounds present promising strategies for mitigating cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy. Ghrelin, growth hormone secretagogues and testosterone stimulate anabolic pathways and reduce muscle degradation, whereas natural compounds like capsaicin and naringenin exert protective effects by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of muscle atrophy, combined with optimized therapeutic applications, may facilitate the clinical translation of these interventions to improve outcomes for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13817","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase Angle Is a Potential Novel Early Marker for Sarcopenia and Cognitive Impairment in the General Population","authors":"Kentaro Ikeue,&nbsp;Hisashi Kato,&nbsp;Masashi Tanaka,&nbsp;Hajime Yamakage,&nbsp;Sayaka Kato,&nbsp;Masayo Iwasa,&nbsp;Kan Oishi,&nbsp;Yuiko Yamamoto,&nbsp;Megumi Kanasaki,&nbsp;Izuru Masuda,&nbsp;Kojiro Ishii,&nbsp;Noriko Satoh-Asahara","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13820","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenia is associated with an increased risk for dementia. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between sarcopenia-related indices and cognitive decline in the general population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a cross-sectional study involving 263 participants (163 men with a median age of 60 years [interquartile range = 53–70] and 100 women with a median age of 58 years [interquartile range = 49–68]) who underwent a general health examination. Sarcopenia-related indices included appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM)/height², ASM/body mass index, handgrip strength (HGS), HGS/upper extremity skeletal muscle mass and phase angle (PhA). We examined the associations between these indices and cognitive function using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher PhA, an indicator of muscle quality, was associated with a lower risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in women (adjusted odds ratio = 0.28 [95% confidence interval, 0.10–0.78], <i>p</i> = 0.014), whereas the other sarcopenia-related indices showed no significant association with MCI in both sexes. The PhA of women was positively associated with the MoCA-J scores (<i>β</i> = 0.27, <i>p</i> = 0.005). Moreover, the PhA of women showed a positive correlation with cognitive subdomains, including memory (<i>r</i> = 0.22, <i>p</i> = 0.031), which is one of the earliest manifestations of cognitive impairment. The PhA in men was also positively correlated with memory (<i>r</i> = 0.24, <i>p</i> = 0.002).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PhA is a potentially novel index for detecting the risk of sarcopenia and cognitive decline in the general population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sarcopenic Obesity Among Nursing Home Residents: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Centre Study","authors":"Doris Eglseer,&nbsp;Hristo Hristov,&nbsp;Sanja Krušič,&nbsp;Nadan Gregorič,&nbsp;Irena Hren,&nbsp;Igor Pravst,&nbsp;Živa Lavriša","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13821","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Obesity and sarcopenia are prevalent among older adults and associated with adverse health outcomes. The aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity, to evaluate the co-occurence of sarcopenia, obesity and malnutrition (risk) and to assess the association between specific characteristics and sarcopenic obesity/probable sarcopenic obesity in nursing home residents.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Three hundred eighty-seven nursing home residents with low to moderate care requirements from 20 nursing homes in Slovenia participated in the cross-sectional NutriCare study. Data on general patient characteristics, physical activity, usual dietary intake (estimated by a 2 × 24 h dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire), malnutrition (risk) status (Mini Nutritional Assessment [MNA]), laboratory parameters, hand grip strength and body composition (estimated via BIA) were collected. Obesity was defined as a high body fat percentage. Sarcopenia was defined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People2 (EWGSOP2) criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to characterise the sample. Uni- and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to explore associations between the predictor variables and sarcopenic obesity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The prevalence of obesity was 90.7% according to high fat mass and 38.3% according to BMI (≥ 30). Prevalences were 27.6% (sarcopenia) and 24.5% (sarcopenic obesity), respectively. Probable sarcopenic obesity (low hand grip strength combined with obesity) was found in 37.6% of participants. A co-occurence of malnutrition (risk) and sarcopenia was present in 11.9%, whereas a combination of malnutrition (risk) and obesity was found in 28.2%. In 9.6% of the participants, a combination of all three phenomena—sarcopenia, obesity and malnutrition (risk)—was identified. The multivariable logistic regression model shows that higher age (OR 1.07; CI 1.02, 1.11), male sex (OR 2.3; CI 1.22, 4.5) and higher energy intake (OR 1.13; CI 1.04, 1.22) were significantly associated with sarcopenic obesity. Male sex (OR 2.30; CI 1.33, 3.98), higher age (OR 1.07; CI 1.03, 1.11), higher care requirements (OR 2.14; CI 1.20, 3.79), lower MNA score (OR 0.88; CI 0.80, 0.97) and metabolic equivalent of tasks (MET minutes/week) (OR 0.99; CI 0.98, 1.00) were significantly associated with probable sarcopenic obesity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study indicates a notable ","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13821","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Reduced temporal muscle thickness predicts shorter survival in patients undergoing chronic subdural haematoma drainage” by Korhonen et al.—The authors' reply","authors":"Tommi K. Korhonen,&nbsp;Otso Arponen,&nbsp;Moritz Steinruecke,&nbsp;Ilaria Pecorella,&nbsp;Harry Mee,&nbsp;Stefan Yordanov,&nbsp;Edoardo Viaroli,&nbsp;Mathew R. Guilfoyle,&nbsp;Angelos Kolias,&nbsp;Ivan Timofeev,&nbsp;Peter Hutchinson,&nbsp;Adel Helmy","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13826","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We thank Du et al. for their comments [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;] on our recent manuscript suggesting lower temporal muscle thickness (TMT) is a prognostic factor for shorter survival following surgical management of chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Du et al. raised several important remarks from our manuscript. First, they discuss the application of two- and three-dimensional temporal muscle measurements in addition to muscle thickness only. Second, they review the breadth of laboratory and clinical biomarkers and their potential effects on outcomes following CSDH surgery. Third, they detail surgical techniques in relation to overall outcomes and conclude suggesting prospective studies to evaluate the benefit from intensified nutritional therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;While we share our colleagues' enthusiasm towards additional methods to measure temporal muscle dimensions perhaps in more detail, we wish to underline that TMT is currently the most established and researched method for the assessment of temporal muscle ‘mass’ [&lt;span&gt;3-6&lt;/span&gt;]. The lack of automated workflows currently renders the otherwise useful measurement of two- and three-dimensional temporal muscle indices a cumbersome task. Comparative studies evaluating the optimal muscle index are currently unavailable. Based on the available literature, we regard TMT as the gold standard for temporal muscle evaluation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We agree with Du et al. that in CSDH, as most other clinical conditions, many laboratory-based, radiological and clinical markers in addition to muscle status may affect outcomes. These are often inadequately captured in studies utilizing traditional retrospective or prospective methodologies. With respect to causes of muscle mass loss, we believe clinical and laboratory markers related to generalized vulnerability, e.g., sarcopenia, cachexia, malnutrition and frailty are of interest [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. Several relevant associations between laboratory biomarkers and TMT, most previously unreported, were removed from our manuscript [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;] during its peer review process. We have submitted these supporting results as a separate manuscript.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Citing recent advancements in CSDH management, Du et al. highlight that relatively minor changes in surgical technique may significantly affect outcomes. For instance, irrigation of the subdural space has only recently been found beneficial compared to not irrigating [&lt;span&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;]. A novel therapy, embolization of the middle meningeal artery, appears useful in preventing CSDH recurrences [&lt;span&gt;9-11&lt;/span&gt;]. As accurately pointed out by Du et al., a subset of our patients had undergone a (mini)craniotomy instead of CSDH evacuation via burr holes, and most had received general anaesthesia instead of local. The surgical technique is chosen individually by the oncall consultant and the type of anaesthesia an institutional protocol. Although they may affect outcomes, neither of these parameters could be controlled in our ret","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13826","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stool Microbiome Features and Weight Change Response to Treatment for cancer cachexia","authors":"Rima Nasrah,&nbsp;Mary Kanbalian,&nbsp;Christina Van Der Borch,&nbsp;Ken Dewar,&nbsp;Stéphanie Chevalier,&nbsp;R. Thomas Jagoe","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13816","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer cachexia is characterised by significant weight loss and muscle wasting that adversely affects patient outcomes. Nutritional interventions in cancer cachexia leads to improved outcomes, including improved weight change. However, there are wide variations in weight response to dietary interventions. Thus, it remains difficult to predict response to a given increase in dietary intake at an individual patient level. This study aimed to identify gut microbiome features that could serve as potential predictive biomarkers for response to individualized dietary intervention in patients with cancer cachexia attending the McGill Cancer Nutrition-Rehabilitation Program at the Jewish General Hospital (CNR-JGH).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were recruited from CNR-JGH clinic. Interventions included individualized nutritional counselling by a registered dietitian, to increase energy and protein intake to meet recommended levels. Stool DNA samples were collected at baseline (V1) and visit 2 (V2), and gut microbiome profiles were analysed to assess microbial diversity and identify differentially abundant genera in patients who lost weight (WL, <i>N</i> = 8) vs. maintained/gained weight (WSG, <i>N</i> = 29) at subsequent CNR-JGH clinic visits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Greater alpha-diversity and higher <i>Lachnospira</i> genus abundance at baseline predicted higher likelihood that patients would have good response to CNR-JGH intervention (WSG at V2). Though predictors of poor response to nutritional intervention (WL at V2) were not identified, subjects in the WL group exhibited lower alpha-diversity and greater microbial population instability after CNR-JGH interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cohort of patients with cancer-related weight loss attending a cancer cachexia clinic, certain gut microbiome features were associated with response to dietary interventions. Patients who lost weight after CNR-JGH intervention also developed a less diverse and less stable gut microbiome. <i>Lachnospira</i> genus abundance is a potential predictor of positive weight change response to dietary intervention as part of multimodal care for cancer cachexia, and further confirmatory studies are warranted. In addition, targeted dietary approaches to maintain diversity and gut microbiome population stability may have a role in improving the response to dietary interventions in cancer cachexia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13816","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myosteatosis as a New Risk Factor of Surgical Complications in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Antoine Morel,&nbsp;Yaniss Ouamri,&nbsp;Lauriane Ségaux,&nbsp;Louai Zaidan,&nbsp;Michael Moryoussef,&nbsp;Sébastien Mulé,&nbsp;Cécile Maud Champy,&nbsp;Edouard Reizine,&nbsp;Alexandre Ingels,&nbsp;Alain Luciani,&nbsp;Philippe Grimbert,&nbsp;Florence Canouï-Poitrine,&nbsp;Marie Matignon,&nbsp;Frédéric Pigneur,&nbsp;Thomas Stehlé","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13746","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Computed tomography (CT) scan–defined myosteatosis is a common feature in ESKD patients receiving kidney transplantation (KT) and is associated with mortality after KT. We aimed to explore the impact of myosteatosis and other CT scan based morphometric data on the occurrence of early surgical complications after KT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively measured on an unenhanced cross-sectional CT scan taken at the middle of the third lumbar vertebra performed within the previous year or at the time of KT: surface muscle index (total lumbar cross-sectional muscle area [CSMA] divided by height squared), subcutaneaous adipose tissue index, visceral adipose tissue index and muscle density (MD: mean CT attenuation of CSMA). Vessel to skin distance was the distance between iliac vein and skin. Myosteatosis was defined as MD below age- and sex-specific normal values. Logistic regression models were constructed to identify predictive factor of 90 days postoperative surgical complications with Clavien–Dindo score greater than or equal to 2, CD ≥ 2).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the <i>N</i> = 200 patients, 61.5% were male with a mean age of 54.8 (± 13.8) years and a mean BMI of 25.1 (± 4.4) kg/m². Sixty patients (30%) developed at least one postoperative complication (CD ≥ 2) in the first 3 months after KT. In two different multivariate analyses, MD (aOR: 0.95 for one Hounsfield unit increase, 95% CI: 0.91–0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.028) and myosteatosis status (aOR: 4.64, 95% CI: 2.18–9.90, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) were the only independent risk factors for postsurgical complication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myosteatosis is independently associated with the occurrence of CD ≥ 2 postoperative complication within 90 days of surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13746","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Multiomics Analyses of the Molecular Landscape of Sarcopenia in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease","authors":"Nicole Welch,&nbsp;Pugazhendhi Kannan,&nbsp;Saurabh Mishra,&nbsp;Annette Bellar,&nbsp;Vandana Agrawal,&nbsp;Grahame Kidd,&nbsp;Emily Benson,&nbsp;Ryan Musich,&nbsp;Raya Tabbalat,&nbsp;Ling Li,&nbsp;J. Mark Brown,&nbsp;Belinda Willard,&nbsp;Karyn A. Esser,&nbsp;Laura E. Nagy,&nbsp;Srinivasan Dasarathy","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13818","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Skeletal muscle is a major target for ethanol-induced perturbations, leading to sarcopenia in alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). The complex interactions and pathways involved in adaptive and maladaptive responses to ethanol in skeletal muscle are not well understood. Unlike hypothesis-driven experiments, an integrated multiomics-experimental validation approach provides a comprehensive view of these interactions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We performed multiomics analyses with experimental validation to identify novel regulatory mechanisms of sarcopenia in ALD. Studies were done in a comprehensive array of models including ethanol-treated (ET) murine and human-induced pluripotent stem cell–derived myotubes (hiPSCm), skeletal muscle from a mouse model of ALD (mALD) and human patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis and controls. We generated 13 untargeted datasets, including chromatin accessibility (assay for transposase accessible chromatin), RNA sequencing, proteomics, phosphoproteomics, acetylomics and metabolomics, and conducted integrated multiomics analyses using UpSet plots and feature extraction. Key findings were validated using immunoblots, redox measurements (NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/NADH ratio), imaging and senescence-associated molecular phenotype (SAMP) assays. Mechanistic studies included mitochondrial-targeted &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus brevis&lt;/i&gt; NADH oxidase (MitoLbNOX) to increase redox ratio and MitoTempo as a mitochondrial free radical scavenger.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Multiomics analyses revealed enrichment in mitochondrial oxidative function, protein synthesis and senescence pathways consistent with the known effects of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) during normoxia. Across preclinical and clinical models, HIF1α targets (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 32 genes) and signalling genes (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 100 genes) (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3 ATACseq, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 65 phosphoproteomics, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10 acetylomics, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 6 C2C12 proteomics, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 106 C2C12 RNAseq, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 64 hiPSC RNAseq, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 30 hiPSC proteomics, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3 mouse proteomics, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 25 mouse RNAseq, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 8 human RNAseq, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3 human proteomics) were increased. Stabilization of HIF1α (C2C12, 6hEtOH 0.24 ± 0.09; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.043; mALD 0.32 ± 0.074; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.005; data shown as mean difference ± standard error mean) was accompanied by enrichment in the early transient and late change clusters, −log(&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-value) = 1.5–3.8, of the HIF1α signalling pathway. Redox ratio was reduced in ET myotubes (C2C12: 15512 ± 872.1, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and mALD muscle, with decreased expression of electron transpor","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13818","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Female Sex Hormones and Skeletal Muscle Ageing: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging","authors":"Annabel J. Critchlow,&nbsp;Sarah E. Alexander,&nbsp;Danielle S. Hiam,&nbsp;Luigi Ferrucci,&nbsp;David Scott,&nbsp;Séverine Lamon","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13786","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To date, most research investigating the influence of circulating sex hormones on ageing female skeletal muscle has been cross-sectional and focused only on dichotomised young and old, or pre- versus post-menopausal groups. This excludes an important transitional period from high to low circulating oestrogen. Using secondary data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, this study aimed to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between circulating sex hormones and skeletal muscle mass and function across a continuum of ages.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Multiple and binomial linear regression was used to map cross-sectional (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 319) and longitudinal (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 83) associations between circulating sex hormones (oestradiol (E2), free oestradiol index (FEI), total (TT) and bioavailable (BioT), testosterone, testosterone/oestradiol ratio (TT/E2)) and skeletal muscle mass and function in healthy females. Cross-sectional models analysed females across an ageing continuum (24–89 years) and longitudinal associations were tested across 4–6 years of ageing in females over 50 years old. Models were adjusted for age, height, physical activity, comorbidities, ethnicity, and follow-up time.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cross-sectionally, serum E2 and FEI were positively associated with relative appendicular lean mass (ALM; β = 0.28 and 0.20, respectively, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) and thigh muscle percentage (β = 0.19 and 0.15, respectively, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). E2 and FEI were negatively associated with total body fat percentage (β = −0.30 and −0.21, respectively, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). BioT was positively associated with absolute ALM (β = 0.13, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) and total body fat percentage (β = 0.18, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). TT was negatively associated with total body fat percentage (β = −0.14, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). The TT/E2 ratio was negatively associated with thigh muscle CSA (β = −0.08, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) and hamstring strength (β = −0.12, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Across 4–6 years, decreases in E2 and FEI were associated with a decrease in ALM (β = 0.27 and 0.41, respectively, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), and a decrease in FEI was associated with a decrease in handgrip strength (β = 0.21, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Decreases in TT and BioT were associated with an increase in total body fat (β = −0.25 for both, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) and a decrease in TT was associated with an increase in hamstring specific force (β = −0.11, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13786","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 10-Year Longitudinal Study of Muscle Morphology and Performance in Masters Sprinters","authors":"P. W. Hendrickse,&nbsp;B. Hutz,&nbsp;M. T. Korhonen,&nbsp;H. Degens","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13822","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Both longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that muscle mass, strength and power are lost with ageing. Although longitudinal studies have shown changes in muscle morphology and function in sedentary, healthy active and endurance-trained older people, less is known about such age-related changes in sprint athletes. It has been proposed that active older people may provide a better study of healthy ageing not confounded by factors of inactivity and other unhealthy behaviours. Given that the training regimens of masters sprinters consist of strength and sprint training that elicit gains in muscle force, power and mass, sprinters may not suffer from measurable decrements in muscle strength, functional performance or morphology over a 10-year period.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To investigate this, &lt;i&gt;m. vastus lateralis&lt;/i&gt; (VL) biopsies were taken from 24 masters sprinters aged 48–85 years at baseline and 10 years later. Immunofluorescent staining of slides taken from these biopsies was used to assess fibre type composition, fibre cross-sectional area (FCSA) and capillarisation. In addition, VL thickness was assessed using B-mode ultrasonography, maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of knee extension was measured with an electromechanical dynamometer, and the flight time of a counter movement jump was determined with a contact matt. 60-m sprint times were measured using double-beam photocell gates connected to an electronic timer.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;FCSA, fibre-type composition, capillarisation and VL thickness had not changed significantly after 10 years. The decrease in jump power (−9.5% ± 5.7, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) was attributable to a concomitant decrease in knee extension MVC (−21.0% ± 20.4, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), not slowing of the muscle. Athletes demonstrated reduced 60-m sprint performance after 10 years (+14.2% increase in sprint time ± 12.4, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) with greater loss in performance found in older participants (stepwise regression &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.004). Similarly, the loss of jump power found in the follow-up measurement (−9.47% ± 5.7, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) was larger in the older participants (stepwise regression &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). However, no changes in muscle function or performance were significantly related to years of training or training volume.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Masters sprinters aged 48–85 maintained muscle histological characteristics over 10 years, but their training was unable to off","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13822","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}