Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

{"title":"A Systematic Review and User Reference of Phenotypic and Molecular Characteristics of Dexamethasone-Mediated C2C12 Muscle Atrophy","authors":"Alexa J. Klein, Roger A. Vaughan","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Skeletal muscle is a vital part of human physiology and is responsible for numerous essential functions. Not surprisingly, the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function is common in several pathologies including atrophy and sarcopenia, which profoundly impact quality of life of those afflicted. Thus, numerous investigations of potential therapies for mitigating or reversing such pathologies are available. Within these studies, experimental cell culture models such as the murine C2C12 myoblasts are commonly used. Over 100 publications have utilized dexamethasone-treated C2C12 myotubes to investigate various aspects of muscle atrophy. The purpose of this systematic review is to describe the experimental conditions common to these experiments, as well as phenotypical myotube presentation, and gene and protein expression of targets that regulate muscle mass, function, and metabolism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review of literature was conducted until 3 January 2025 using PUBMED. Articles were included if (1) C2C12 myotubes were used, (2) the article included a dexamethasone-only group along with appropriate vehicle or true control and (3) the article assessed at least one of the related phenotypical or molecular outcomes of importance to the scope of the review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 182 articles were included after screening for relevance and inclusion criteria, which were assessed for outcomes (raw data reported when available or using ratio-metric estimates of relative differences between dexamethasone treatment and control). In 24 of 26 unique experiments that utilized 10 μM dexamethasone and 37 of 39 unique experiments that utilized 100 μM dexamethasone, a decrease in myotube diameter was reported (pooled experimental average estimates from 24-h time points 69.8% ± 7.5% and 66.9% ± 14.7% for 10 and 100 μM, respectively, vs. control). All six studies that utilized 10 μM dexamethasone and all nine that treated myotubes with 100 μM dexamethasone reported reduced fusion index (pooled experimental average estimates from 24-h time points: 67.6% ± 5.3% and 68.4% ± 8.4% for 10 and 100 μM, respectively, vs. control). Dexamethasone-treated myotubes also consistently expressed increased atrophic-related molecular targets including Atrogin-1 and muscle atrophy X box 1 (MuRF1), as well as reductions in anabolic signalling (specifically, mTORC and Akt activation) and mitochondrial function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The striking con","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147439337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Downregulation of Organ-Derived Activin A Attenuates Muscle Atrophy and Intramuscular Fat Infiltration in Cancer Cachexia Mice","authors":"Cui Wang, Lin Gao, Rui Xue, Jia Su, Honghui Li, Wei Yang, Yan Tang, Zhihang Su, Shasha Min, Changyong Tang, Yuqi Zhu, Bo Mu, John R. Speakman, Xina Xie, Zesong Li","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70237","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70237","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial wasting syndrome marked by profound skeletal muscle loss. Tumours can release high levels of Activin A (ActA), which activates the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) and drives muscle wasting. Systemic blockade of the ActA pathway is associated with inflammatory adverse effects, and tumour-restricted targeting alone often fails to reverse cachexia. We asked whether ActA produced by host (nontumour) organs contributes to circulating ActA and muscle wasting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We profiled ActA across tissues and in serum in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cancer cachexia mice to generate an organ-wide expression map. Functional studies were then performed using adeno-associated-virus (AAV)-knockdown in the heart (cTnT/hTCF21 promoters) and kidney (CMV promoter), followed by cachexia induction. Body weight (BW), food intake, skeletal muscle mass, muscle function and muscle histomorphology were assessed. Mitochondrial ultrastructure and lipid metabolic pathways in muscle and adipose tissue were also examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LLC cachexia mice exhibited significant reductions in body weight (<b>−</b>6.0%, <i>p</i> < 0.05), food intake (−9.9%, <i>p</i> < 0.05), quadriceps mass (−15.3%, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and grip strength (−13.0%, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) compared with non–tumour-bearing (NTB) mice (<i>n</i> = 6–12/group). ActA expression was markedly increased in the host organs, particularly in the kidney (2.8-fold vs. NTB, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and heart (2.7-fold vs. NTB, <i>p</i> < 0.05) (<i>n</i> = 10/group). Compared with the sh-NC, organ-targeted ActA knockdown restored body weight (+6.1%, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and food intake (+8.4%<b>,</b> <i>p</i> < 0.05), increased quadriceps mass (+17.2%, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and grip strength (+10.7%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), reduced intramuscular fat infiltration and attenuated UPP signalling (<i>n</i> = 8–16/group). These effects were accompanied by increased expression of the mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation regulator carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) (+42.3% of mRNA level; +30.9% of protein level; both <i>p</i> < 0.05) and CPT2 (+57.7% of mRNA level, <i>p</i> < 0.05), improved mitochondrial ultrastructure and partial restoration of adipose mass.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Simultaneous downregulation of Activin A in the kidney and heart attenuates skeletal muscle atrophy and intramuscular adipogenesis, improves muscle mass and function an","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147383214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Body Composition and Intratumoural Immune Cells in Patients With Uterine Cervical Cancer","authors":"Alexey Surov,&nbsp;Anne-Katrin Höhn,&nbsp;Mattes Hinnerichs,&nbsp;Hans-Jonas Meyer,&nbsp;Jan Borggrefe","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70241","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70241","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In uterine cervical cancer (UCC), reduced muscle mass and radiodensity have been linked to unfavourable clinical outcomes. Our aim was to elucidate the associations between body composition (BC) and intratumoural immune cells in patients with UCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this retrospective study, BC was analysed in 61 patients with UCC using staging computed tomography. The parameters of BC were skeletal muscle area (SMA), skeletal muscle radiodensity, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT). The radiodensities of VAT, SAT and IMAT were also estimated. Tumour specimens underwent histopathological analysis to quantify stromal and intratumoural CD45-positive cells. Associations between body composition parameters and tumour immune cell infiltration were analysed using ANOVA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with low muscle radiodensity (myosteatosis) had a lower proportion of stromal CD45-positive cells than patients with normal muscle radiodensity (21.6% ± 21.90% vs. 34.85% ± 25.55%; <i>p</i> = 0.04). High levels of SAT were associated with lower scores for tumour-infiltrating CD45 cells (<i>p</i> = 0.03). High IMAT radiodensity was associated with lower stromal CD45 scores (<i>p</i> = 0.02).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myosteatosis, high SAT and increased IMAT radiodensity were associated with reduced stromal and intratumoural immune cell infiltration in patients with UCC. These body composition parameters may serve as prognostic markers and should be explored in risk stratification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147383215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Combined Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention on Bone Density, Lean Mass and Fat Mass in Adults: The GOTO Trial","authors":"F. A. Bogaards,&nbsp;Inge Groenendijk,&nbsp;Thies Gehrmann,&nbsp;Marian Beekman,&nbsp;Nico Lakenberg,&nbsp;H. Eka D. Suchiman,&nbsp;Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot,&nbsp;Marcel J. T. Reinders,&nbsp;P. Eline Slagboom","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70226","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70226","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Nutritional weight-loss interventions are known to reduce bone mineral density (BMD), which can be prevented by adding (resistance) exercise training. However, this combined effect is not well studied in non-obese adults. In addition, the association between biomarkers and metabolite-based composite health markers with changes in BMD in such an intervention has not been studied as thoroughly.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The aims of the current study were to investigate the effect of a combined nutritional and activity lifestyle intervention on lumbar spine and total body BMD in healthy middle-aged to older adults, and to relate these effects to a selection of immune-metabolic biomarkers, muscle mass and fat mass measurements, and two composite metabolite-based health scores.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In this ancillary study of the single-arm Growing Old TOgether (GOTO) trial (trial registration number GOTNL3301 [https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/nl/trial/27183], NL-OMON27183), 134 participants (mean age 62.9 years, 49% female) undertook a 13-week lifestyle modification, incorporating 12.5% caloric restriction and 12.5% increase in physical activity. The impact on lumbar spine and total body BMD was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The intervention effect on BMD was related to changes in immune-metabolic biomarkers and two metabolite-based immune-metabolic health scores.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The trial significantly reduced bodyweight with 3.3 and 3.4 kg, consisting of 1.4 and 1.1 kg lean mass, in males (fdr &lt; 0.001) and females (fdr &lt; 0.001), respectively. Lean mass reduced by 1.4 kg in males (fdr &lt; 0.001) and 1.1 kg in females (fdr &lt; 0.001), whereas total body fat% reduced significantly with −1.5% (fdr &lt; 0.001) in males and −1.5% (fdr &lt; 0.001) in females. In males, lumbar spine BMD increased with 3.0% (fdr &lt; 0.001) and total body BMD with 0.7% (fdr = 0.002). In females, the lumbar spine BMD had a trend in the upwards direction (1.2%, fdr = 0.09) and the total body BMD remained stable (0.4%, fdr = 0.07). In males, the increase in lumbar spine BMD was significantly associated with decreased weight (fdr = 0.001) and with decreased body and trunk fat% (fdr = 0.001, fdr = 0.001) and improved immune-metabolic health (fdr = 0.02). Males with higher BMD but a poor metabolite-based health score at baseline had a stronger increase in lumbar spine BMD (fdr = 0.03).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147373859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Muscle–Respiratory Function Relationship in Lung Transplant Patients: A Longitudinal Study","authors":"Chiara Ceolin,&nbsp;Agnese Alessi,&nbsp;Anna Citron,&nbsp;Monica Loy,&nbsp;Mario Virgilio Papa,&nbsp;Carlotta Andaloro,&nbsp;Bruno Micael Zanforlini,&nbsp;Maria Devita,&nbsp;Sara Bertolino,&nbsp;Sara Gonnelli,&nbsp;Daniele Michele Seccia,&nbsp;Anna Bertocco,&nbsp;Federico Rea,&nbsp;Giuseppe Sergi,&nbsp;Marina De Rui","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70244","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70244","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Lung transplant recipients are at increased risk of sarcopenia and osteoporosis, which may negatively influence respiratory outcomes. Although muscle health is known to affect lung function, little is known about the long-term interplay between muscle parameters and pulmonary volumes, especially across sexes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between muscle mass and strength and respiratory function in lung transplant patients, with sex-specific analysis.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This prospective cohort included three assessments (baseline ≥ 3 months after transplant, ~1 year and 2–3 years). The primary outcome was the longitudinal change in pulmonary function (VC, FVC, FEV1 and TLC) in relation to appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMMI) and handgrip strength (HGS). Associations at baseline were tested with multivariable linear regression. Analyses were performed with linear mixed-effects models (LMM) including random intercepts for subject, time as a fixed effect and interactions between time and muscle parameters, adjusted for age, ADL, corticosteroid dose, vertebral fractures, osteoporosis, comorbidities and time since transplant.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We studied 155 recipients (43.2% women, age 48.7 ± 13.3 years). Primary indications were cystic fibrosis (30.1%), restrictive (22.2%), obstructive (15.7%), miscellaneous (26.8%) and vascular diseases (5.2%). At baseline, HGS was independently associated with higher VC (&lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;: 0.63, β = 0.35, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001 in women; &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;: 0.58, β = 0.16, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001 in men) and FEV1 (&lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;: 0.51, β = 0.08, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.020 in women; &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;: 0.57, β = 0.19, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.009 in men). ASMMI was independently associated with VC in both sexes (women: &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;: 0.58, β = 0.31, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003; men: &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;: 0.40, β = 0.16, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.023). Longitudinally, LMMs showed that higher HGS was associated with more favourable trajectories of pulmonary function over follow-up. Specifically, among women with restrictive disease, lower ASMMI predicted higher FEV1 (β = −4.95, 95% CI −6.93 to −2.97, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.007) and higher TLC (β = −2.22, 95% CI −4.56 to −1.12, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.04) over time. In women with cystic fibrosis, stronger HGS was associated with improved TLC (β = 0.38, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.04). All associations persisted after full adjustment.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Muscle mass ","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Phenolic-Rich Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Prebiotics on Sarcopenia in Older Adults: FOOP-Sarc Project","authors":"Maria Besora-Moreno,&nbsp;Claudia Jiménez-ten Hoevel,&nbsp;Judit Queral,&nbsp;Glòria Bernal,&nbsp;Laura Pérez-Merino,&nbsp;José Puzo,&nbsp;Laura Conangla-Ferrin,&nbsp;Leann Constance Sleebos,&nbsp;Wout van Helden,&nbsp;Elisabet Llauradó,&nbsp;Rosa M. Valls,&nbsp;Rosa Solà,&nbsp;Anna Pedret","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70247","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70247","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Management of sarcopenia by nutritional and lifestyle interventions is a challenge. The aim is to assess the effectiveness of a phenolic-rich extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), alone or combined with a prebiotic (PREB) (fructooligosaccharides and inulin), to improve skeletal muscle mass and function in home-dwelling older adults (60–80 years) with at least one sarcopenia parameter altered.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A 12-week randomised, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled, three-arm clinical trial was conducted. Intervention groups were as follows: (1) refined olive oil (ROO; 30 mL/day; 90-mg caffeic acid) + maltodextrin placebo (7.5 g/day); (2) EVOO (30 mL/day; 296–300-mg caffeic acid) + maltodextrin placebo (7.5 g/day); or (3) EVOO + prebiotic (EVOO + PREB; 30 mL/day + 7.5 g/day). Everyone followed co-created dietary and physical activity recommendations. A 12-week follow-up after intervention cessation was assessed.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Thirty-eight participants (69.6 ± 4.1 years; 31 women) with probable sarcopenia were assigned to ROO (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 13), EVOO (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 14) or EVOO + PREB (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 11) intervention groups. At the end-of-intervention, assessed by ultrasound, EVOO + PREB compared to EVOO significantly increased muscle thickness of the quadriceps in females, mean (95% CI) (0.230 cm [0.008; 0.45], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.044), cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris in all populations (0.827 cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; [0.16; 1.5], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017) and females (0.569 cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; [−1.0; −0.08], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.024), and rectus femoris muscle thickness in all population (0.195 cm [0.04; 0.35] &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.015) and females (0.179 cm [0.05; 0.31] &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.009). Also, EVOO + PREB compared to ROO increased the cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris (0.579 cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; [0.07; 1.1], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.026) and rectus femoris muscle thickness (0.133 cm [0.00; 0.27], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.050) in females. At 12-week follow-up, EVOO and EVOO + PREB, compared to ROO, significantly increased skeletal muscle mass and appendicular skeletal muscle mass in all populations assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Also, EVOO, compared to ROO, significantly increased skeletal muscle mass index and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index. In addition, at 12-week follow-up, EVOO, compared to ROO, improved the overall quality of life score in females.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Consuming phenolic-rich EVOO, alone or combined with prebiotics, improved muscle m","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70247","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct Proteomic Signatures Driving Progression of Sarcopenia: A Longitudinal Multicohort Study","authors":"Sung Hye Kong,&nbsp;Ok Hee Jeon,&nbsp;Ji Yeon Kim,&nbsp;Miji Kim,&nbsp;Jinhee Kim,&nbsp;Seung Shin Park,&nbsp;Hak Chul Chang,&nbsp;Chang Won Won,&nbsp;Dohyun Han","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70240","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70240","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenia is an age-related condition characterized by progressive muscle mass, strength and physical performance declines, contributing to frailty and adverse health outcomes. Despite increasing interest in molecular biomarkers, longitudinal data with external validation are limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study applied high-throughput proteomic analysis to identify and validate biomarkers associated with sarcopenia progression in two independent prospective cohorts. The discovery cohort (<i>n</i> = 171) was classified into three groups: (1) nonsarcopenic at both baseline and the 2-year follow-up; (2) newly developed sarcopenia; and (3) persistently sarcopenic. The validation cohort (<i>n</i> = 93) was followed up for 2 years. Plasma proteomic profiling was conducted using data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry. For the validation cohort, targeted quantification (Hyper Reaction Monitoring-DIA) and immunoassays were employed to verify key findings. Statistical analyses included multivariable regression and pathway enrichment analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the discovery cohort, 102 proteins were differentially expressed between groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Compared to the stable nonsarcopenic group, individuals who developed sarcopenia demonstrated significant APOA1 (fold change −1.42, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and KLKB1 downregulation and LECT2 upregulation. Those who remained sarcopenic exhibited persistent B2M (+1.58, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), S100A9 and LYZ elevation. We identified seven robust protein signatures (LRG1, CST3, TIMP1, C2, ITIH1, AMBP and LYZ) that showed consistent significant associations with sarcopenia components in both cohorts. LRG1 and TIMP1, CST3 and C2 were reproducibly associated with muscle strength, physical performance and muscle mass, respectively. Pathway enrichment analyses consistently highlighted LXR/RXR signalling, acute phase response signalling and complement cascade activation as central mechanisms across these domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified and validated plasma protein signatures and pathways associated with sarcopenia progression. Complement activation, acute inflammatory response and lipid dysregulation emerged as central mechanisms. These robustly validated biomarkers may represent targets for early detection and intervention strategies in sarcopenia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Enhanced Expression of IL32 mRNA in Skeletal Muscles in the Context of Head and Neck Carcinomas’","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70239","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70239","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>I. Baïche</span>, <span>H. Hachicha</span>, <span>T. Ragot</span>, et al., “ <span>Enhanced Expression of <i>IL32</i> mRNA in Skeletal Muscles in the Context of Head and Neck Carcinomas</span>” <i>Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle</i> <span>17</span>, no. <span>1</span> (<span>2026</span>): e70160, https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70160.\u0000 </p><p>In the list of authors, the name ‘Filippo Dall'Ollio’ was misspelled. It should be corrected to ‘<b>Filippo Dall'Olio</b>’.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147292652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Bisphosphonates on Bone Micro-Architecture of Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Prospective Comparative Study","authors":"Songqi Wang,&nbsp;Yi Dai,&nbsp;Lingyang Meng,&nbsp;Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Lei Sun,&nbsp;Yanye Wang,&nbsp;Ou Wang,&nbsp;Yan Jiang,&nbsp;Weibo Xia,&nbsp;Xiaoping Xing,&nbsp;Wei Yu,&nbsp;Mei Li","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70227","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70227","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disorder that affects dystrophin production, characterized by progressive neuromuscular dysfunction, often accompanied by osteoporosis. We prospectively evaluate the effects of bisphosphonates on bone micro-architecture reflected by trabecular bone score (TBS) of patients with DMD.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 72 male children or adolescents with DMD were included, with a mean age of 9.5 ± 1.8 years. They were divided into bisphosphonate treatment groups and control group based on areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and history of fragility fractures. Patients in bisphosphonate treatment groups randomly received intravenous infusion of 5 mg zoledronic acid (ZOL) annually or oral 70 mg alendronate weekly for three years. All patients took calcium 600 mg plus 125 IU vitamin D daily and calcitriol 0.25 μg every other day. TBS at the lumbar spine (LS) and aBMD at the LS, femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH) were measured annually by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum levels of β-isomerized carboxy-telopeptide of type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase were measured annually during the follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 25 (86.2%), 26 (92.9%) and 13 (86.7%) patients in the ZOL, alendronate and control groups completed the study. After 3 years, TBS Z-score increased from baseline by 1.13 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), 0.68 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) and 0.26 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05) in the ZOL, alendronate and control groups, respectively. The mean increase in TBS Z-score from baseline was significantly greater in both bisphosphonate treatment groups compared to the control group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). No significant difference was found between the ZOL and alendronate groups. LS, FN and TH aBMD increased by 35.8%, 23.7% and 34.5% in the ZOL group (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01 vs. baseline and control group) and by 21.5%, 29.3% and 25.0% in the alendronate group (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05 vs. baseline and control group). LS and FN aBMD Z-scores increased by 1.56 and 1.63 in the ZOL group (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01 vs. baseline), by 1.32 and 1.48 in the alendronate group (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05 vs. baseline). Bisphosphonates demonstrated a favourable safety profile during the study period.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This relatively long-term study confirms that zoledronic acid and alendronate are beneficial to improve micro-architecture reflected by TBS and aBMD of children or adolescents with DMD.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12945921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147300397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menopause and Muscle: Closer to Answers, but Significant Questions Remain","authors":"Stuart M. Phillips","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70248","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70248","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The review by Menzies, Bowtell, Shur and Brook arrives at exactly the right moment [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. For years, menopause has been framed, sometimes breathlessly, as a musculoskeletal ‘breaking point’ that inevitably triggers rapid skeletal muscle loss. In contrast, this review does something far more valuable. It slows the narrative down, puts human data first and makes a compelling case that our certainty about muscle loss in menopause has outrun the evidence [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Their central contribution is not a single new finding, but a disciplined synthesis that clarifies what the literature actually supports and what it simply has not measured.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the question most people want answered, ‘Does menopause [the loss of estrogen and progesterone] cause muscle loss?’, the observational evidence is notably undramatic. When Menzies and colleagues focus on studies that compare menopausal stages, the average difference in DXA-derived lean mass relative to premenopausal women is modest, roughly a few percent. They report mean differences of about −2.5% in perimenopause and −5.7% in postmenopause. That is not nothing, but it is not a cliff either [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Just as importantly, they highlight that many cross-sectional comparisons necessarily include an age gap (often around a decade) between ‘pre’ and ‘post’ groups. Menopause typically (~95% of females) occurs between 45 and 55 years, meaning the transition overlaps with an entire decade of normal ageing. If ageing alone causes muscle loss at about 0.4%–0.7% per year [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;], a pre-to-post comparison separated by about 10 years would be expected to show a roughly 4%–7% difference, even if menopause contributed nothing specific, which is not a semantic quibble. It is the difference between a claim of abrupt hormone-driven catabolism and an interpretation more consistent with midlife ageing, behavioural (diet, activity and possibly sleep) changes and body-composition changes operating in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is a point at which the review crystallizes, and the review's methodological realism really helps. Menzies and colleagues are explicit that DXA does not measure skeletal muscle [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]; it measures lean body mass, a compartment that includes water, viscera and connective tissue. That matters during midlife, when body composition and hydration can shift, and when it is easy to mistake a change in ‘lean mass’ for a change in skeletal muscle contractile tissue. They point readers toward better options, including MRI [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;] and creatine dilution techniques (methyl-D&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-creatine) [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;], which show stronger agreement with true muscle mass and may be more sensitive to change. In other words, the field has been asking a biologically specific question using tools that are often biologically non-specific. It is unsurprising, then, that the answers have been noisy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;If muscle mass is not collapsing, could menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) preve","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12946654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147300445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}