Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

{"title":"Associations Between Exercise Training, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Mortality: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses","authors":"Masoud Rahmati, Hyeri Lee, Hayeon Lee, Jaeyu Park, Djandan Tadum Arthur Vithran, Yusheng Li, Abdolreza Kazemi, Laurent Boyer, Guillaume Fond, Lee Smith, Nicola Veronese, Pinar Soysal, Elena Dragioti, Samuele Cortese, Jiseung Kang, Dong Keon Yon, Marco Solmi","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13772","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13772","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Numerous studies support the association of exercise training, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with both mortality and morbidity outcomes. The results across studies have been inconsistent, and no umbrella reviews have yet been conducted on this topic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies by screening articles in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases from inception to 30 April 2024. Quality appraisal of each included meta-analysis was done using the AMSTAR 2 tool, with evidence certainty evaluated based on statistical significance, study size, heterogeneity, small-study effects, prediction intervals (PI) and potential biases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Frothy-eight meta-analyses were included (AMSTAR 2 ratings: high 25, moderate 10, low 2 and critically low 11). No evidence was highly suggestive or convincing. Suggestive evidence linked any PA and SB to lower and higher risks of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality. Suggestive evidence indicated a significant association between self-reported and device-measured total PA (equivalent odds ratio [eOR] 0.78 [0.70–0.86] and eHR = 0.50 [0.38–0.65], respectively), self-reported leisure time PA (eHR = 0.73 [0.66–0.80]), device-measured daily steps (eHR = 0.44 [0.35–0.56]) and aerobic plus resistance training (eHR = 0.60 [0.56–0.64]) with lower all-cause mortality. Weak evidence supported links between self-reported and device-measured SB and higher mortality (eHR = 1.3 [1.22–1.38] and eHR = 2.16 [1.09–4.28], respectively). Suggestive evidence was noted for the association between self-reported leisure time PA (eHR = 0.74 [0.69–0.80]) and resistance training (eHR = 0.82 [0.81–0.84]) with cardiovascular mortality. Suggestive evidence was also found for the association between self-reported leisure time PA (eHR = 0.87 [0.83–0.91]) with cancer mortality. Associations between self-reported running time and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer did not reach statistical significance nor did the association between low skeletal muscle mass and all-cause mortality. Meta-regression analyses showed that physical activity reduces mortality risk, with age reducing the protective effects against all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality. We also found that combined exercise training (aerobic plus resistance) most effectively reduces all-cause and CVD mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>C","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13772","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Survey on the Knowledge and Practices in Anorexia of Aging Diagnosis and Management in Japan” by Takagi et al.—The Authors' Reply","authors":"Sahoko Takagi, Shosuke Satake, Ken Sugimoto, Masafumi Kuzuya, Masahiro Akishita, Hidenori Arai, Ivan Aprahamian, Andrew J. Coats, Tatiana Klompenhouwer, Stefan D. Anker, Hidetaka Wakabayashi","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13770","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13770","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We thank Dr Cui for the constructive suggestions regarding our manuscript [<span>1, 2</span>].</p><p>The study was a secondary analysis of data collected from healthcare professionals in Japan as part of the global unified survey [<span>3</span>] conducted by the Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia, and Wasting Disorders (SCWD). We focused on the availability of opportunities for continuing education and the differences in awareness and responses to anorexia of ageing (hereinafter referred to as AoA). To avoid losing the subtle nuances of the responses to the survey questions, we presented the results using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. However, as Dr Cui suggested, adjusting for potential confounding factors underlying the responses can provide deeper insights into the relationship between the availability of educational opportunities and attitudes towards geriatric care. Accordingly, we have further conducted an analysis based on a multivariable regression model, the results of which are reported below.</p><p>We used a logistic regression model to analyse the responses to the following two AoA survey questions that were directly related to treatment: ‘Do you use tools or resources to address decreased appetite in geriatric patients?’ (Q15) and ‘Are you confident in recommending nutritional interventions for geriatric patients with decreased appetite?’ (Q17). To facilitate the analysis, responses to Q15 were categorized as follows: 0 for <i>yes, all of the time</i> and <i>yes, most of the time</i> and 1 for all other responses. For Q17, 0 was assigned to <i>strongly agree</i> and <i>agree</i>, whereas 1 was assigned to all other responses. We conducted binary logistic regression analysis using ‘access to educational opportunities’ as the explanatory variable (0 = <i>yes</i>, 1 = <i>no</i>). Potential confounding factors included the occupation (categorized into six groups: physician, nurse, registered dietitian, pharmacist, rehabilitation therapist and other professions) and workplace (categorized into four groups: hospital, nursing home, home health care or clinic and others). The results showed that regardless of occupation or workplace, the group without educational opportunities had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for ‘not using tools or resources to care for geriatric patients with decreased appetite’ (OR: 3.86; 95% CI: 2.72–5.46) (Table 1) and ‘not being confident in recommending nutritional interventions for geriatric patients with decreased appetite’ (OR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.74–3.26) (Table 2). These results indicate that even when accounting for potential confounding factors such as occupation and workplace, continuing education in nutrition influences the ability to provide AoA-related care.</p><p>In global ageing, there is concern that decreased appetite in older adults (i.e., AoA) may simply be considered ‘a consequence of aging’. This could lead to a vicious cycle of exacerbating sarcopenia and frailty, eventually r","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13770","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Myosteatosis and Muscle Loss Impact Liver Transplant Outcomes in Male Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma” by Lu et al.—The Authors' Reply","authors":"Di Lu, Zhihang Hu, Hao Chen, Xiao Xu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13762","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13762","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We appreciate the interest and insightful comments by Kamiliou et al. [<span>1</span>] regarding our recently published study [<span>2</span>]. Our work incorporated 756 participants from 3 transplant centres and identified that pre-transplant myosteatosis aggravated the adverse impact of sarcopenia on liver transplant outcomes in male patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In terms of the prevalence of myosteatosis, they suggested that the low prevalence we reported could be attributed to the inclusion of Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B-related HCC. After reviewing their work [<span>3</span>], we agree that the variance in the prevalence of myosteatosis is worth exploring. Also, the variance in myosteatosis prevalence may be influenced by assessment criteria. By using skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMRA) [<span>2, 4</span>] or intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) [<span>5, 6</span>], studies usually reported substantially different positiveness rates. Regarding the different outcomes by gender, our study focused on the prognostic value of skeletal muscle parameters primarily in a male cohort. Yet, it is still insufficient to conclude that myosteatosis is unrelated to post-liver transplantation outcomes in females. Future research should address this question in relatively larger female cohorts, particularly in HCC where male patients take up the majority. Furthermore, they reported a higher incidence of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with myosteatosis [<span>7</span>], which is supported by other studies [<span>8, 9</span>]. Given that our study focused on the association between skeletal muscle and post-transplant outcomes, we did not adequately evaluate the association between myosteatosis and hepatic encephalopathy. Nonetheless, we appreciate their efforts on this important issue as hepatic encephalopathy remains a major concern in patients with end-stage liver disease. About diabetes, we observed a higher prevalence of myosteatosis in the diabetic population compared to the non-diabetic group (34% vs. 26%). The mean SMRA was significantly lower in the diabetic group than in non-diabetic patients (39.8 HU vs. 41.0 HU, <i>p</i> = 0.047), partially confirming an association between diabetes and myosteatosis.</p><p>In this latest work, we established a streamlined approach applicable to both sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic recipients, with the aim of stratifying recipients based on distinct prognostic risks to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. Of note, our team previously demonstrated that both myosteatosis and sarcopenia independently and additively increase mortality risk among recipients of split liver transplantation [<span>10</span>], complementing the conclusions of this study. While our study assessed peri-transplant muscle mass changes and their impact on prognosis in non-sarcopenic patients, we found no significant effect of postoperative myosteatosis. Interestingly, our results also indicated that preope","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Attention-Aware Multi-Task Learning Framework Identifies Candidate Targets for Drug Repurposing in Sarcopenia","authors":"Md Selim Reza, Chuan Qiu, Xu Lin, Kuan-Jui Su, Anqi Liu, Xiao Zhang, Yun Gong, Zhe Luo, Qing Tian, Martin Nwadiugwu, Shaung Liang, Hui Shen, Hong-Wen Deng","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13661","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenia presents a pressing public health concern due to its association with age-related muscle mass decline, strength loss and reduced physical performance, particularly in the growing older population. Given the absence of approved pharmacological therapies for sarcopenia, the need to discover effective pharmacological interventions has become critical.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To address this challenge and discover new therapies, we developed a novel <b>M</b>ulti-<b>T</b>ask <b>A</b>ttention-aware method for <b>M</b>ulti−<b>O</b>mics data (MTA−MO) to extract complex biological insights from various biomedical data sources, including transcriptome, methylome and genome data to identify drug targets and discover new therapies. Additionally, MTA-MO integrates human protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks and drug-target networks to improve target identification. The novel method is applied to a multi-omics dataset that included 1055 participants aged 20–50 (mean (± SD) age 36.88 (± 8.64)), comprising 37.82% African-American and 62.18% Caucasian/White individuals. Physical activity levels were self-reported and categorized into three groups: ≥ 3 times/week, < 3 times/week and no regular exercise. Mean (± SD) measures for grip strength, appendicular lean mass (ALM), exercise frequency and smoking status (no/yes, <i>n</i> (%)) were 38.72 (± 8.93) kg, 28.65 (± 4.63) kg, 4.31 (± 1.79) and 30.81%/69.19%, respectively. Significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were found between groups in age, ALM, smoking, and consumption of milk, alcohol, beer and wine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the MTA-MO method, we identified 639 gene targets, and by analysing PPIs and querying public databases, we narrowed this list down to seven potential hub genes associated with sarcopenia (<i>ESR1</i>, <i>ATM</i>, <i>CDC42</i>, <i>EP300</i>, <i>PIK3CA</i>, <i>EGF</i> and <i>PTK2B)</i>. These findings were further validated through diverse levels of pathobiological evidence associated with sarcopenia. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathways analysis highlighted five key functions and signalling pathways relevant to skeletal muscle. The interaction network analysis identified three transcriptional factors (<i>GATA2</i>, <i>JUN</i> and <i>FOXC1</i>) as the key transcriptional regulators of the seven potential genes. In silico analysis of 1940 drug candidates identified canagliflozin as a promising candidate for repurposing in sarcopenia, demonstrating the strongest binding affinity to the PTK2B protein (inhibition constant 6.97 μM). This binding is stabilized by hydrophobic bonds, Van der Waa","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13661","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Change in Physical Activity and Its Association With Decline in Kidney Function: A UK Biobank-Based Cohort Study” by Liu et al.—The Authors' Reply","authors":"Qiaoling Liu, Carlos Celis-Morales, Jennifer S. Lees, Naveed Sattar, Frederick K. Ho, Jill P. Pell, Patrick B. Mark, Paul Welsh","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13765","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13765","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We are grateful for the interest of Dr Wang et al. [<span>1</span>] in our study. Their letter raises several important points, and we are pleased to have the opportunity to address them.</p><p>As Wang G et al. note, the UK Biobank does include accelerometer-measured physical activity data. However, these measurements were collected in a subset of participants (< 100 000) at a single time point, 8–10 years after the baseline assessment. Unfortunately, biomarkers were not assessed at the time when the accelerometer data were collected. Consequently, it is not feasible to evaluate changes in physical activity over time—our study's primary exposure of interest—or to link these accelerometer-based physical activity measures with kidney function outcomes. We fully agree with Wang G et al.'s observation that self-reported physical activity data inherently cause some misclassification. As discussed in the manuscript, recall bias can be bidirectional and any misclassification would likely be nondifferential and expected to underestimate the magnitude of the effect size. We have acknowledged this potential bias as the first limitation [<span>2</span>]. We would also point out that the associations of self-reported and objectively measured physical activity with health outcomes are generally concordant in UK Biobank [<span>3-5</span>]. Further research involving repeated assessments of accelerometer-based physical activity would greatly improve our understanding of how activity patterns influence kidney function. However, large cohort studies with data collected at multiple time points are not yet available.</p><p>Regarding mGFR, Porrini et al. (2019) reviewed that eGFR can deviate from mGFR by around 30% [<span>6</span>]. However, current mGFR measurement methods—whether using inulin, iohexol, or other filtration markers—are complex, expensive and simply not feasible in very large cohorts. Many institutions, including KDIGO, recommend using eGFR in most cases, leaving mGFR for specific clinical scenarios [<span>7</span>]. Given the large sample size in our study and the fact that participants do not have known kidney disease, we believe that eGFR is suitable for our research needs. To mitigate known limitations of eGFR, we used creatinine-based, cystatin C-based and creatinine + cystatin C-based eGFR estimates, accepting that some interpretation is needed to account for the non-GFR determinants of creatinine and cystatin C.</p><p>We agree that diet can have an impact on serum creatinine, which was the purpose of our study also reporting eGFR<sub>cysC</sub>. To our knowledge, there is no evidence suggesting that diet directly impacts cystatin-C [<span>8</span>]. However, our study accounted for BMI, which serves as a reasonable proxy for overall diet quality. Additionally, we adjusted our analyses for inflammation, including CRP, to ensure robustness.</p><p>We understand Dr Wang et al.'s suggestion of additional focus on patients with CKD. We recogni","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13765","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Acute Sarcopenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Its Incidence and Muscle Parameter Shifts During Hospitalisation” by Aldrich et al.","authors":"Paulo Eugênio Silva,&nbsp;Gerson Cipriano Jr","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13767","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We are writing to address a misrepresentation of our study, Silva et al. [<span>1</span>], in the recently published article titled ‘Acute Sarcopenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Its Incidence and Muscle Parameter Shifts During Hospitalisation’ [<span>2</span>]. Specifically, the authors state on page 11 that Silva et al. [<span>1</span>] did not measure knee extension strength. This statement is incorrect.</p><p>In our study, knee extension strength was assessed using a dynamometer to measure peak force evoked by neuromuscular electrical stimulation. This methodology was a fundamental part of our research design and is thoroughly detailed in the published manuscript [<span>1</span>] as well as in other related manuscripts [<span>3, 4</span>]. Please refer to Figure 1 and method section below described.</p><p>Methods section from Silva et al. 2019 [<span>1</span>].</p><p>Additionally, we would like to clarify a discrepancy regarding the sample size reported for our study. The correct sample size was 60 participants (Figure 2), not 30 as might be inferred from the tables and figures in our manuscript, specifically Figures 1 and 2.</p><p>It appears that the authors may have considered only the control group, but this is not explicitly stated. It is important for readers to have accurate information about the study design and sample size to properly interpret the findings.</p><p>We kindly request that these inaccuracies be addressed to ensure the integrity of the scientific record and to prevent potential misinterpretations by readers and researchers relying on this review.</p><p>The authors have nothing to report.</p><p>The authors declare no conflicts of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13767","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Administration of Bosentan in High-Risk COVID-19 Outpatients at Risk of Sarcopenia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial","authors":"Shaahin Shahbazi,&nbsp;Erfan Shahbazi,&nbsp;Farid Zayeri,&nbsp;Zahra Vahdat Shariatpanahi","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13753","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endothelial damage induces myofibrillar breakdown and muscle degradation in COVID-19 infection. There is a relationship between increased endothelin-1 synthesis and sarcopenia. We evaluated the preventive effect of early bosentan therapy as an endothelin receptor blocker in sarcopenia in high-risk outpatients with COVID-19 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 15 December 2021 to 15 August 2023, patients within 3 days of the onset of signs and symptoms were randomly assigned to receive bosentan, 62.5 mg, or placebo, twice daily from enrollment for 30 days. The primary outcome was disease progression (death or hospitalization within 15 days after randomization), and the data for this outcome have been previously published. Sarcopenia as a secondary outcome was assessed prospectively at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after randomization using the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 (IRCT.ir, IRCT20211203053263N1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 313 patients (156 bosentan group, 157 controls) were included in the analyses, which were performed under the intent-to-treat principle. Overall, the incidence of sarcopenia was 8.6% (<i>n</i> = 27). Nineteen (73%) had severe sarcopenia. At the 3-month follow-up, the incidence of sarcopenia was 8.3% in the total population, with the significant risk difference (RD) of −10.17% in the bosentan group versus the control group. The incidence in the total population and RD in the bosentan group versus the control group at months 6, 9 and 12 were 8.6% (RD: −10.81%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), 8.3% (RD: −10.17%, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and 5.4% (RD: −6.99%, <i>p</i> = 0.003), respectively. During the study, 29 people developed severe COVID-19 and were hospitalized. At follow-up, sarcopenia occurred in four inpatients and 23 outpatients (<i>p</i> = 0.23). Mortality occurred in 5.1% (<i>n</i> = 16) of the total population, including 4 (1.3%) of the patients in the bosentan group and 12 (3.8%) of the patients in the placebo group (<i>p</i> = 0.069). None of the patients who died had sarcopenia. Bosentan did not cause any severe adverse events and was well tolerated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early administration of bosentan may prevent sarcopenia in high-risk outpatients with COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13753","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Muscle Quality on Muscle Strength and Physical Performance Beyond Muscle Mass or Diabetes Status","authors":"Jung A. Kim,&nbsp;Chol Shin,&nbsp;Inha Jung,&nbsp;So Young Park,&nbsp;Da Young Lee,&nbsp;Ji Hee Yu,&nbsp;Hyunjoo Cho,&nbsp;Seung Ku Lee,&nbsp;Kyoung Jin Kim,&nbsp;Eyun Song,&nbsp;Kyeong Jin Kim,&nbsp;Nam Hoon Kim,&nbsp;Hye Jin Yoo,&nbsp;Sin Gon Kim,&nbsp;Kyung Mook Choi,&nbsp;Nan Hee Kim,&nbsp;Ji A. Seo","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13760","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Muscle quality, represented by myosteatosis, is recognized as an important factor in sarcopenia. In this study, we aimed to determine the associations between myosteatosis, muscle strength and physical performance among the elderly South Korean population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 1440 participants (mean age 62.7 ± 6.2 years) from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Based on the computed tomography attenuation of mid-thigh imaging, the total muscle area (TMA), normal-attenuation muscle area (NAMA), low-attenuation muscle area (LAMA) and inter-intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and its indices were used to evaluate myosteatosis. Muscle strength was evaluated using hand grip strength, whereas physical performance was evaluated through 4-m gait speed, a 30-s sit-to-stand test and 2-min walking test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 1440 patients, 51.5% were women, and 37.2% had diabetes. With aging, the LAMA index gradually increased, and the NAMA index gradually decreased in both men and women (<i>p</i> for trend &lt; 0.001). The NAMA index was positively associated, whereas the LAMA and IMAT indices were negatively associated with muscle strength and physical performance after adjusting for age and sex. Higher tertiles of the NAMA index were consistently associated with improved physical performance across all appendicular skeletal muscle tertiles. The relationship between the NAMA index or LAMA index and muscle strength and physical performance did not differ according to diabetic status. Regular exercise was associated with a higher NAMA index and a lower LAMA index in the non-diabetic group; however, no significant difference in muscle quality was observed in the diabetic group in relation to exercise.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduced myosteatosis was positively associated with greater muscle strength and better physical performance in both men and women, regardless of muscle mass or diabetes status; improving myosteatosis may be a therapeutic target for the prevention of sarcopenia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13760","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Handgrip Strength and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in MASLD: A Prospective Study From UK Biobank","authors":"Tae Seop Lim,&nbsp;Sujin Kwon,&nbsp;Sung A. Bae,&nbsp;Hye Yeon Chon,&nbsp;Seol A. Jang,&nbsp;Ja Kyung Kim,&nbsp;Chul Sik Kim,&nbsp;Seok Won Park,&nbsp;Kyoung Min Kim","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13757","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) using data from the UK Biobank cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 201 563 participants were enrolled in this study. The HGS was measured using a Jamar J00105 hydraulic hand dynamometer. MASLD was defined as the presence of hepatic steatosis accompanied by one or more cardiometabolic criteria. Hepatic steatosis was identified using a fatty liver index ≥ 60. Advanced liver fibrosis was defined by a fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score &gt; 2.67. To examine the differences in the incidence of CVD, male and female participants were divided into non-MASLD, MASLD with high HGS, MASLD with middle HGS, and MASLD with low-HGS groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the study participants, 75 498 (37.5%) were diagnosed with MASLD, with a mean age of 56.5 years, and 40.6% were male. The median follow-up duration was 13.1 years. The frequency of incident CVD events increased significantly across groups: 10.9% in non-MASLD, 13.3% in MASLD with high HGS, 14.8% in MASLD with middle HGS, and 18.4% in MASLD with low HGS for males (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In females, the frequency of incident CVD events was 6.1% in non-MASLD, 9.2% in MASLD with high HGS, 10.7% in MASLD with middle HGS, and 13.3% in MASLD with low HGS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Using the non-MASLD group as a reference, multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) for CVD varied according to HGS in individuals with MASLD. In males with MASLD, HRs (95% CI) were 1.03 (0.96–1.10) for high HGS, 1.14 (1.07–1.21) for middle HGS, and 1.38 (1.30–1.46) for low HGS; in females with MASLD, they were 1.07 (0.97–1.18) for high HGS, 1.25 (1.14–1.37) for middle HGS, and 1.56 (1.43–1.72) for low HGS. The incidence of CVD events increased as HGS decreased in participants with MASLD, regardless of the presence or absence of advanced liver fibrosis (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This large prospective cohort study using the UK Biobank showed that in MASLD, a decrease in HGS was associated with increased CVD risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13757","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Changes in Visceral Adipose Tissue After Lobectomy and Segmentectomy for Patients With Early-Stage Lung Cancer","authors":"Tetsuya Isaka,&nbsp;Takuya Nagashima,&nbsp;Kota Washimi,&nbsp;Haruhiro Saito,&nbsp;Hiroto Narimatsu,&nbsp;Shunsuke Shigefuku,&nbsp;Chiaki Kanno,&nbsp;Ryotaro Matsuyama,&nbsp;Naoko Shigeta,&nbsp;Yui Sueishi,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Ito","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13751","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The impact of lobectomy versus segmentectomy on body composition changes, particularly adipose tissue, in patients with early-stage lung cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between these surgical approaches and postoperative changes in adipose tissue.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We retrospectively analysed visceral fat area (VFA) and waist circumference (WC) at the L3 level using cross-sectional computed tomography images from 346 recurrence-free patients who underwent lobectomy (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 240) or segmentectomy (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 106) for clinical stage 0–I primary lung cancer between January 2016 and December 2018. Long-term postoperative changes in VFA and WC by the third postoperative year (POY3) were compared between the lobectomy and segmentectomy groups using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Risk factors for VFA reduction were identified through multivariable analysis using logistic regression model. Propensity score matching (PSM, 1:1 matching) was also performed to compare VFA and WC changes between the lobectomy and segmentectomy groups.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;At 6 months postoperatively, VFA and WC decreased by 16.4% and 1.0% in the lobectomy groups, respectively, and increased by 0.1% and 0.2% in the segmentectomy groups (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001 and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.029, respectively). The two-way repeated measure ANOVA showed that the VFA and WC significantly decreased in the lobectomy group compared with the segmentectomy group within the POY3 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001 and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.038, respectively). Patients with a VFA change of ≥ −13% at POY3 (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 238) had significantly better OS than those with a change of &lt; −13% (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 108) (5-year OS rate, 97.7% vs. 93.4%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017), and VFA change &lt; −13% at POY3 was an independent poor prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio, 4.14; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.013). Lobectomy was identified as an independent risk factor for a VFA change of &lt; −13% at POY3 (odds ratio, 2.86; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). After PSM (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 93 for each group), VFA and WC significantly decreased in the lobectomy group compared with the lobectomy group within the POY3 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.009 and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.020, respectively).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In patients with early-stage lung cancer without recurrence, long-term postoperative changes in VFA and WC differed between lobectomy and segmentectomy. Lobectomy resulted in a greater decrease in VFA from 6 months to 3 ye","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}