Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

{"title":"Skeletal Muscle mRNA Splicing Variants Association With Four Different Fitness and Energetic Measures in the GESTALT Study","authors":"Stefano Donega,&nbsp;Nirad Banskota,&nbsp;Esha Gupta,&nbsp;Marta Gonzalez-Freire,&nbsp;Ann Zenobia Moore,&nbsp;Ceereena Ubaida-Mohien,&nbsp;Rachel Munk,&nbsp;Linda Zukley,&nbsp;Yulan Piao,&nbsp;Chris Bergeron,&nbsp;Jan Bergeron,&nbsp;Arsun Bektas,&nbsp;Marta Zampino,&nbsp;Carole Stagg,&nbsp;Fred Indig,&nbsp;Lisa M. Hartnell,&nbsp;Mary Kaileh,&nbsp;Kenneth Fishbein,&nbsp;Richard G. Spencer,&nbsp;Myriam Gorospe,&nbsp;Supriyo De,&nbsp;Josephine M. Egan,&nbsp;Ranjan Sen,&nbsp;Luigi Ferrucci","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13603","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13603","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physical activity is essential for maintaining muscle mitochondrial function and aerobic capacity. The molecular mechanisms underlying such protective effects are incompletely understood, in part because it is difficult to separate the effects of disease status and physical activity. We explored the association of human skeletal muscle transcriptomic with four measures of energetics and mitochondria oxidative capacity in healthy individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using RNA sequencing of vastus lateralis muscle biopsies from 82 GESTALT participants (52 males, aged 22–89 years), we explored gene and splicing variant expression profiles associated with self-reported physical activity, peak oxygen consumption (VO₂ peak), muscle oxidative capacity (kPCr) and mitochondrial respiration (Mit-O₂ flux). The effect of aging on gene expression was examined in participants with low and high VO₂ peak.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The four measures of energetics were negative correlated with age and generally intercorrelated. We identified protein-coding genes associated with four energetic measures adjusting for age, muscle fiber-ratio, sex and batch effect. Mitochondrial pathways were overrepresented across all energetic variables, albeit with little overlap at the gene level. Alternative spliced transcript isoforms associated with energetics were primarily enriched for cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules. The splicing pathway was up-regulated with aging in low but not in high fitness participants, and transcript isoforms detected in the low fitness group pertain to processes such as cell cycle regulation, RNA/protein localization, nuclear transport and catabolism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A consistent mitochondrial signature emerged across all energetic measures. Alternative splicing was enhanced in older, low fitness participants supporting the energy-splicing axis hypothesis. The identified splicing variants were enriched in pathways involving the accumulation of ribonucleoproteins in cytoplasmic granules, whose function remains unclear. Further research is needed to understand the function of these proteoforms in promoting adaptation to low energy availability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142758541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Differences in Slow-Twitch and Fast-Twitch Muscles of a Cigarette Smoke-Exposed Rat Model","authors":"Timothy K. H. Fung,&nbsp;Kwok Kuen Cheung,&nbsp;Xia Wang,&nbsp;Benson W. M. Lau,&nbsp;Shirley P. C. Ngai","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13633","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13633","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cigarette smoking is known to affect muscle function and exercise capacity, including muscle fatigue resistance. Most studies showed diminished cross-sectional area and fibre type shifting in slow-twitch muscles such as the soleus, while effects on fast-twitch muscles were seldom reported and the differential responses between muscle types in response to exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) were largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the histomorphological, biochemical and transcriptomic changes induced by CS on both slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscles.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Method&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: sham air (SA) and CS. The rats were exposed to CS for 8 weeks using an exposure chamber system to mimic smoking conditions. Histomorphological analyses on muscle fibre type and cross-sectional area were determined in soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL). Transcriptomic profiles were investigated for identifying differentially expressed genes &lt;b&gt;(&lt;/b&gt;DEGs) and potential mechanistic pathways involved. Inflammatory responses in terms of the macrophage population and the level of inflammatory cytokines were measured. Markers for muscle-specific proteolysis were also examined.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Result&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Soleus muscle, but not in EDL, exhibited a significant increase in Type IIa fibres (SA: 9.0 ± 3.3%; CS: 19.8 ± 2.4%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002) and decrease in Type I fibres (SA: 90.1 ± 3.6%; CS: 77.9 ± 3.3%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003) after CS exposure. RNA sequencing revealed 165 identified DEGs in soleus including upregulation of ‘Cd68’, ‘Ccl2’ and ‘Ucp2’ as well as downregulation of ‘Ucp3’, etc. Pathways enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated pathways in soleus were related to immune system and cellular response, while the downregulated pathways were related to oxidative metabolism. Only 10 DEGs were identified in EDL with less enriched pathways. The soleus also showed elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the total macrophage marker CD68 was significantly higher in soleus of CS compared to the SA group (CD68&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/no. of fibre: SA = 60.3 ± 39.3%; CS = 106.5 ± 27.2%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0039), while the two groups in EDL muscle showed no significant difference. The expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase atrogin-1 associated with muscle degradation pathways was 1.63-fold higher in the soleus after CS, while no significant differences were observed in the EDL.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The CS-induced inflammatory res","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11670162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Stimulator of Interferon Genes Deficiency Attenuates Diabetic Myopathy Through Inhibiting NLRP3-Mediated Pyroptosis","authors":"Jingjuan Yang,&nbsp;Mengqiong Wang,&nbsp;Lingling Shi,&nbsp;Xin Fang,&nbsp;Cui Gao,&nbsp;Lin Ma,&nbsp;Yongfei Wang,&nbsp;Songmin Ying,&nbsp;Yi Yang","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13649","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13649","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Diabetic myopathy is characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)–mediated pyroptosis is a type of proinflammatory cell death, which can exacerbate significant muscle cell loss and adverse remodelling. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an essential molecule involved in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses across various diseases. The regulatory mechanism by which STING affects muscle pyroptosis in diabetic myopathy remains unclear.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;STING-knockout and wild-type (WT) mice underwent intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). STING small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into fully differentiated C2C12 myotubes prior to glucose treatment. Muscle function tests, body composition analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, histology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed. Co-immunoprecipitation assays were employed to investigate the interaction between STING and NLRP3.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;STING expression was elevated in the gastrocnemius muscle (GM) tissues of WT diabetic mice. STING-deficient diabetic mice exhibited pronounced hyperglycaemia accompanied by hypoinsulinaemia, with no significant difference compared with WT diabetic mice. However, STING-deficient diabetic mice demonstrated a significantly increased body weight and lean mass. A significant decrease in muscle weight, myofibrillar diameter and area, muscle function, and the expression of genes related to muscle atrophy (MuRF1, Atrogin1) were observed in WT diabetic mice, which was mitigated in STING-deficient diabetic mice. STING deficiency reduced the number of GSDMD-N formed pores and pyroptosis-related components (NLRP3, caspase-1, cle-caspase-1, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N) in the GM tissues and was associated with a reduction in inflammatory chemokines. Similar changes were observed in vitro with glucose-induced myotube atrophy and pyroptosis as seen in vivo. Activation of STING by the agonist diABZI exacerbated muscle atrophy and pyroptosis in C2C12 myotubes. Co-localization of STING and NLRP3 was observed, and the interaction between STING and NLRP3 was enhanced in GM tissues from WT diabetic mice. We also found that STING could activate NLRP3 dependent on its channel activity, which can be attenuated by treated with C53 (an inhibitor of STING's ion-channel function).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11670168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Body Composition Identifies Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Cachexia Following Combined Immunotherapy and Target Therapy (CHANCE2213)","authors":"Zhi-Cheng Jin,&nbsp;Jia-Wei Zhou,&nbsp;Jian-Jian Chen,&nbsp;Rong Ding,&nbsp;Bernhard Scheiner,&nbsp;Si-Na Wang,&nbsp;Hai-Liang Li,&nbsp;Qing-Xia Shen,&nbsp;Qing-Yun Lu,&nbsp;Yi Liu,&nbsp;Wei-Hua Zhang,&nbsp;Biao Luo,&nbsp;Hai-Bin Shi,&nbsp;Ming Huang,&nbsp;Ye-Ming Wu,&nbsp;Chun-Wang Yuan,&nbsp;Ming-Sheng Huang,&nbsp;Jia-Ping Li,&nbsp;Jian-Bing Wu,&nbsp;Xiao-Li Zhu,&nbsp;Bin-Yan Zhong,&nbsp;Hai-Feng Zhou,&nbsp;Yu-Qing Wang,&nbsp;Shan-Zhi Gu,&nbsp;Zhi-Yi Peng,&nbsp;Chuan-Sheng Zheng,&nbsp;Rui-Bao Liu,&nbsp;Guo-Hui Xu,&nbsp;Wei-Zhu Yang,&nbsp;Ai-Bing Xu,&nbsp;Dong-Fang Liu,&nbsp;Xiaolong Qi,&nbsp;Yee Hui Yeo,&nbsp;Hai-Dong Zhu,&nbsp;Yang Zhao,&nbsp;David J. Pinato,&nbsp;Fanpu Ji,&nbsp;Gao-Jun Teng","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13615","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13615","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cancer cachexia can impact prognosis, cause resistance to anticancer treatments and affect the tolerability of treatments. This study aims to identify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with cachexia by characterizing longitudinal body composition (&lt;span&gt;BC&lt;/span&gt;) trajectories.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This longitudinal, multicentre cohort study included unresectable HCC patients treated with first-line programmed death-(ligand)1 inhibitors plus anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody/tyrosine kinase inhibitors between 01/2018–12/2022. &lt;span&gt;BC&lt;/span&gt; measurements including skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and total adipose tissue area (TATA) were evaluated by computed tomography at the third lumbar vertebra at baseline and follow-up imaging. Unsupervised latent class growth mixed models were applied to distinguish potential longitudinal SMM and TATA trajectories for identifying cachexia. The primary study endpoint was overall survival (OS), with secondary endpoints including progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and safety. Multiple Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for survival.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 411 patients with 2138 time-point measurements were included. The median age was 56 years, and 50 (12.2%) patients were female. Two distinct trajectories were identified for SMM and TATA: sharp-falling and stable. SMM sharply declined in 58 patients (14.1%) and TATA in 71 of 406 patients (17.5%) with significant worse OS (for SMM, 17.0 vs. 24.9 months; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001; HR = 0.59; for TATA, 15.3 vs. 25.1 months; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001; HR = 0.44). Patients were categorized into three phases based on trajectories: pre-cachexia (SMM and TATA stable, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 299, 73.6%), cachexia (SMM or TATA sharp-falling, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 86, 21.2%) and refractory cachexia (SMM and TATA sharp-falling, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 21, 5.2%). Patients with refractory cachexia exhibited the worst OS, PFS and ORR, followed by those with cachexia. The median OS was 11.5 months for refractory cachexia, 17.7 for cachexia and 26.0 for pre-cachexia; median PFS was 6.0, 7.9 and 10.9 months, respectively, with ORR of 4.8%, 39.5% and 54.2%, respectively (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;s &lt; 0.001). Multivariable Cox analysis identified refractory cachexia as an independent risk factor for both OS (HR = 3.31; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and PFS (HR = 2.94; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), with cachexia also showing significant impacts. Grade 3–4 adverse events were higher in patients with refractory cachexia (23.8%) and cachexia (8.1%) compared with pre-cachexia (6.0%;","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"15 6","pages":"2705-2716"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Association Between Circulating Bilirubin Levels and the Risk of Frailty: An Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Jun Wu,&nbsp;Jia-hao Xu,&nbsp;Hao-qi Zou,&nbsp;Yi-jiang Ouyang,&nbsp;Shang-jie Li,&nbsp;Liang Wu,&nbsp;Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Ming-Juan Yin,&nbsp;Dong-qing Ye,&nbsp;Jin-dong Ni","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13642","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13642","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bilirubin is a by-product of haemoglobin breakdown and has been reported to be a potent antioxidant recently. While elevated levels of bilirubin have been linked to a reduced risk of various diseases, their role remains unknown in frailty. This study aims to explore the relationship between serum bilirubin levels and the risk of frailty.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cohort study included 442 223 White British participants (aged 39 to 73 years) with an available frailty index at baseline (2006 to 2010) from the UK Biobank. The associations of total/direct bilirubin levels with the continuous frailty index were analysed by multivariable linear regression, and multivariable logistic regression was used after classifying frailty outcomes into non-frailty, pre-frailty and frailty. A Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was applied to evaluate the association of genetically predicted bilirubin levels with frailty risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence rates of both pre-frailty and frailty were 46.17% and 12.49%, respectively, with higher rates observed in women than in men (pre-frailty: 47.33% vs. 44.79%, frailty: 13.64% vs. 11.13%, respectively). There was a non-linear negative association between total bilirubin levels and frailty indexes (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Mildly elevated total bilirubin levels had protective effects against pre-frailty (OR = 0.863, 95% CI: 0.849 to 0.879, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and frailty (OR = 0.660, 95% CI: 0.641 to 0.679, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Increased total bilirubin levels were more beneficial for women with frailty risk (percent changes per SD μmol/L = −0.37%, 95% CI: −0.40% to −0.34%). The MR analysis revealed a negative association between genetically predicted total/direct bilirubin levels and frailty risk (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Circulating total/direct bilirubin levels were negatively associated with frailty risk in White British individuals. Mildly elevated total bilirubin levels were more beneficial for women subpopulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11670173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142708844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Composition and Incident High-Intensity Back Pain and/or High Disability: A 10-Year Prospective Population-Based Male Cohort","authors":"Mahnuma Mahfuz Estee,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wang,&nbsp;Stephane Heritier,&nbsp;Donna M. Urquhart,&nbsp;Flavia M. Cicuttini,&nbsp;Mark A. Kotowicz,&nbsp;Sharon L. Brennan-Olsen,&nbsp;Julie A. Pasco,&nbsp;Anita E. Wluka","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13641","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13641","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Back pain poses a significant global burden, within which individuals with more severe symptoms consume higher healthcare expenses than those with lesser back pain. Whether measures of body composition predict high-intensity back pain and/or high-disability in population-based cohorts is unknown. This study aimed to examine the association between body composition at baseline and their change in the prior 5 years (between 2001–2005 and 2006–2010) and incident high-intensity back pain and/or high-disability in long-term follow-up, 10 years later (2016–2021) in a population-based cohort of men.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Method&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study examined men with no or low-intensity back pain and disability (Graded Chronic Pain Scale) at back pain study baseline (2006–2010) within the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Those developing high-intensity pain and/or high disability at follow-up (2016–2021) were identified. Weight, body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumferences, fat mass and lean mass (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) were assessed prebaseline (2001–2005) and at baseline. The association of body composition at baseline and change in body composition from prebaseline to baseline with incident high-intensity pain and/or high disability at follow-up were examined using multivariable logistic regression.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Result&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Of 695 participants with no or low-intensity pain and disability at baseline, 441 (62.3%) completed follow-up with a mean age of 54.3 ± 14.1 years: 37 (8.3%) developed high-intensity pain and/or high-disability, 33 (7.5%) developed high-intensity pain and 14 (3.2%) high disability. No measures of body composition at baseline were associated with incident high-intensity pain and/or high disability at follow-up in the whole population. In subgroup analysis, among men aged over 60 years, but not younger, higher lean mass was associated with decreased likelihood of high-intensity pain and/or high-disability (odds ratio [OR] 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76, 0.97, interaction &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). In the whole population, examination of the relationship between change in measures of body composition between prebaseline and baseline, only a one unit increase in BMI, equivalent to 3.1-kg weight gain, was associated with increased incident high disability (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.06, 2.51).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In a population-based sample, without severe back pain and disability, in older men aged ≥60 years, higher lean mass was protectiv","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13641","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal Muscle Index Changes on Locoregional Treatment Application After FOLFIRINOX and Survival in Pancreatic Cancer","authors":"Ji Hye Min,&nbsp;Jeong Il Yu,&nbsp;Seong Hyun Kim,&nbsp;Young Kon Kim,&nbsp;Kangpyo Kim,&nbsp;Hee Chul Park,&nbsp;Joon Oh Park,&nbsp;Jung Yong Hong,&nbsp;Kyu Taek Lee,&nbsp;Kwang Hyuck Lee,&nbsp;Jong Kyun Lee,&nbsp;Joo Kyung Park,&nbsp;Jin Ho Choi,&nbsp;Jin Seok Heo,&nbsp;In Woong Han,&nbsp;Hongbeom Kim,&nbsp;Sang Hyun Shin,&nbsp;So Jung Yoon,&nbsp;Sook-young Woo","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13643","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13643","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Patients with borderline resectable (BR) or locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) require complex management strategies. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of the perichemotherapy skeletal muscle index (SMI) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) in patients with BRPC or LAPC treated with FOLFIRINOX.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We retrospectively evaluated 227 patients with BR or LAPC who received at least four cycles of chemotherapy between 2015 and 2020. We analysed chemotherapy response, changes in SMI (ΔSMI, %) on computed tomography (CT) and CA19-9 to determine their impact on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). After the early application of loco-regional treatments (LRT) within 3 months after completing four cycles of chemotherapy, the outcomes were compared between ΔSMI and CA19-9 subgroups.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Among 227 patients (median age, 60 years; 124 [54.6%] male) with 97 BR and 130 LAPC, 50.7% showed partial response (PR) to chemotherapy, 44.5% showed stable disease and 4.8% showed progressive disease (PD). Post-chemotherapy CA19-9 levels were normalized in 41.0% of patients. The high and low ΔSMI groups (based on the gender-specific cut-off of −8.6% for males and −2.9% for females) comprised 114 (50.2%) and 113 (49.8%) patients, respectively. The high ΔSMI group had poorer survival rates than the low ΔSMI group in both PFS (HR = 1.32, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.05) and OS (HR = 1.74, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that ΔSMI (high vs. low; PFS, HR = 1.39, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03; OS, HR = 1.82, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and post-chemotherapy response (PD vs. PR/SD; PFS, HR = 18.69, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001; OS, HR = 6.19, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) were independently associated with both PFS and OS. Additionally, the post-chemotherapy CA19-9 (≥ 37 vs. &lt; 37; HR = 1.48, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01) was an independent predictor for PFS. Early application of LRT after chemotherapy significantly improved PFS and OS in both ΔSMI groups (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). However, it was not beneficial in the group with high ΔSMI and post-chemotherapy CA19-9 ≥ 37 (PFS, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.39 and OS, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.33).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Progressive sarcopenic deterioration after four cycles of chemotherapy was associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with BR or LAPC after FOLFIRINOX. We also investigated the optimal clinical setting for the early application LRTs using the ΔSMI and post-chemotherapy CA 19-9.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal Muscle 31P MR Spectroscopy Surpasses CT in Predicting Patient Survival After Liver Transplantation","authors":"Denisa Kyselova,&nbsp;Irena Mikova,&nbsp;Petr Sedivy,&nbsp;Monika Dezortova,&nbsp;Milan Hajek,&nbsp;Jan Mares,&nbsp;Marek Tupy,&nbsp;Dana Kautznerova,&nbsp;Marek Kysela,&nbsp;Jiri Fronek,&nbsp;Julius Spicak,&nbsp;Pavel Trunecka","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13635","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13635","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Skeletal muscle alterations are associated with higher mortality and morbidity in patients with liver cirrhosis. Assessing these changes seems to be a promising method for identifying patients at a high risk of poor outcomes following liver transplantation (LT). This is particularly important given the current global shortage of organ donors. However, evidence of the impact of these alterations on the prognosis of patients undergoing LT is inconclusive. The aim of our prospective study was to evaluate the impact of skeletal muscle changes, reflected in sarcopenia, myosteatosis and metabolic changes in the calf muscles, on perioperative outcomes and long-term survival after LT. We also sought to determine the posttransplant evolution of the resting muscle metabolism.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We examined 134 adult LT candidates. Of these, 105 underwent LT. Sarcopenia and myosteatosis were diagnosed by measuring the skeletal muscle index and mean psoas muscle radiation attenuation, respectively, which were obtained from computed tomography (CT) scans taken during pretransplant assessment. Additionally, patients underwent &lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt;P MR spectroscopy (MRS) of the calf muscles at rest before LT and 6, 12 and 24 months thereafter. The median follow-up was 6 years.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Patients with abnormal &lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt;P MRS results and CT-diagnosed myosteatosis prior to LT had significantly worse long-term survival after LT (hazard ratio (HR), 3.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.48–7.60; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0021 and HR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.06–6.29; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03, respectively). Multivariable analysis showed that abnormal &lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt;P MR spectra (HR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.50–7.71; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003) were a better predictor of worse long-term survival after LT than myosteatosis (HR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.14–6.78; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.025). Patients with abnormal &lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt;P MR spectra had higher blood loss during LT (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.038), required a higher number of red blood cell transfusions (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.006) and stayed longer in ICU (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.041) and hospital (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.007). Myosteatosis was associated with more revision surgeries following LT (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.038) and a higher number of received red blood cell transfusion units (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002). Sarcopenia had no significant effect on posttransplant patient survival. An improvement in the resting metabolism of the calf muscles was observed at 12 and 24 months after LT.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Abnormal &lt;su","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Muscle-Related Metrics With Respiratory Disease in Chinese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Yongbing Lan,&nbsp;Yalei Ke,&nbsp;Dianjianyi Sun,&nbsp;Pei Pei,&nbsp;Ling Yang,&nbsp;Yiping Chen,&nbsp;Huaidong Du,&nbsp;Silu Lv,&nbsp;Maxim Barnard,&nbsp;Junshi Chen,&nbsp;Zhengming Chen,&nbsp;Jun Lv,&nbsp;Liming Li,&nbsp;Canqing Yu,&nbsp;China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13650","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13650","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is limited evidence about the association of muscle mass, strength and quality with respiratory disease, especially in Chinese populations. We aimed to comprehensively examine such associations and identify better metrics with more clinical and public health relevance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a prospective cohort study based on data from the second resurvey of the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study in participants with no prevalent respiratory disease or cancer. Arm muscle quality was calculated as the ratio of grip strength to arm muscle mass. Low muscle mass, grip strength and arm muscle quality were defined as the sex-specific lowest quintiles of corresponding variables. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for respiratory disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 17 510 participants aged 38–88 (65.4% women; mean age 57.8 ± 9.6) were enrolled in 2013–2014 and followed up until 31 December 2018. During a median follow-up of 4.82 years, 1346 participants developed respiratory disease. After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and medical histories, the elevated HR of respiratory disease was 1.31 (1.14–1.51) for low grip strength and 1.25 (1.09–1.44) for low arm muscle quality. Grip strength and arm muscle quality exhibited a linearly inverse association between respiratory disease (<i>p</i> = 0.137 and 0.102), with each standard deviation (SD) decrease in grip strength and arm muscle quality associated with a 22% (95% CI: 11%–34%) and 14% (95% CI: 7%–22%) increased risk of respiratory disease. No association was found for low total muscle mass index and low appendicular muscle mass index.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low grip strength and arm muscle quality are associated with increased risks of respiratory disease, and they are better muscle-related metrics for identifying adults at high risk of respiratory disease. Chinese adults may need to maintain normal muscle mass, strength and quality to achieve better respiratory health, but this needs to be validated in appropriately designed clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13650","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of Gait Characteristics Related to Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Study Focusing on Plantar Pressure","authors":"Daiki Yamagiwa,&nbsp;Keitaro Makino,&nbsp;Osamu Katayama,&nbsp;Ryo Yamaguchi,&nbsp;von Fingerhut Georg,&nbsp;Yukari Yamashiro,&nbsp;Motoki Sudo,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Shimada","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13634","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13634","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength with age, which results in a lower gait speed. Decreased gait speed in older individuals with sarcopenia can lead to adverse events such as falls and mortality. It is a major health issue; several studies have investigated gait speed in sarcopenia. However, plantar pressure has not been sufficiently evaluated. Plantar pressure facilitates gait analysis, including gait speed, and plays an important role in preventing adverse events such as falls and mortality. Therefore, the current study aimed to validate gait characteristics, including plantar pressure in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study included community-dwelling Japanese adults aged ≥60 years who participated in health checkups between 2013 and 2018. Sarcopenia was diagnosed by measuring muscle mass and strength based on clinical definition (nonsarcopenia: <i>n</i> = 7662; probable sarcopenia: <i>n</i> = 1208; and sarcopenia: <i>n</i> = 477). Gait parameters (including gait speed, relative plantar pressure, cadence, stride length, step length, step width and foot angle) were measured at a comfortable speed using a computerized electronic walkway. Gait parameters between groups were compared via an analysis of covariance adjusted for age and BMI. In addition, post hoc analyses were performed with Bonferroni correction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia groups had a significantly lower gait speed than the nonsarcopenia group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Further, the sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia groups had a significantly lower forefoot plantar pressure, stride length and cadence than the nonsarcopenia group (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). When comparing, the sarcopenia group had a greater medial plantar pressure, step length, and foot angle and a lower lateral plantar pressure, cadence, and step width than the probable sarcopenia group (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sarcopenia, probable sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups differed concerning gait characteristics, including plantar pressure. It is thought that exercise instruction that takes into account walking characteristics is important for probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}