Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

{"title":"Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations of Irisin and Adiponectin With Obesity, Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity","authors":"Yejin Kim, Hong Ji Song, Dong-Hyun Kim, Jin-Young Jeong, Kyung Hee Park, Yong Soon Park, Jwa-Kyung Kim, Hye-Mi Noh","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70172","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irisin, an exercise-induced myokine and adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, are involved in energy metabolism and musculoskeletal health. However, their associations with obesity, abdominal obesity, sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity remain unclear, and longitudinal evidence is limited. This study investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of these biomarkers with obesity- and sarcopenia-related outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used data from the Hallym Aging Study, a cohort of Korean adults aged ≥ 45 years (45–64 years: 30%, ≥65 years: 70%). The cross-sectional analysis used the third wave (2010), while the longitudinal analysis included the second (2007, baseline) and third waves. In both analyses, sex-specific tertile groups (T1, T2 and T3) were defined based on baseline levels and changes in irisin and adiponectin over 3 years. Lean soft tissue and fat mass were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Obesity was defined as body fat percentages > 29.7% for males and > 37.2% for females. For individuals without obesity, low ALST was defined as appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST)/height<sup>2</sup> < 7.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> for males and < 5.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup> for females. For individuals with obesity, low ALST was defined as an ALST/body weight < 26.8% for males and < 21.0% for females. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the associations between circulating irisin and adiponectin and obesity- and sarcopenia-related outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 357 and 360 participants were included in the cross-sectional analyses of irisin and adiponectin, respectively, and 351 were included in the longitudinal analysis (baseline 2007; median age: 70 years; 54% female). In cross-sectional analysis, irisin was not significantly associated with obesity- and sarcopenia-related outcomes after adjustment for confounding variables. Longitudinally, the greatest irisin increase group (T3) over 3 years had higher odds of obesity [odds ratio (OR) 2.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–4.71], abdominal obesity (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.04–4.72), sarcopenia (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.14–3.97), sarcopenic obesity (OR 3.40, 95% CI 1.43–8.61) and low ALST (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.24–3.99) at the follow-up than the T1 group. In contrast, adiponectin levels showed inverse associations with obesity (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.24–0.93) and abdominal obesity (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.25–0.90) only in cross-sectional analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Expression of IL32 mRNA in Skeletal Muscles in the Context of Head and Neck Carcinomas","authors":"Imane Baïche,&nbsp;Héla Hachicha,&nbsp;Thierry Ragot,&nbsp;Céline Gracia,&nbsp;Aurore Gelin,&nbsp;Anaïs Gader,&nbsp;Caroline Even,&nbsp;Ingrid Breuskin,&nbsp;Odile Casiraghi,&nbsp;Thibault Dayris,&nbsp;Filippo Dall'Ollio,&nbsp;Catherine Brenner,&nbsp;Karim Benihoud,&nbsp;Yegor Vassetzky,&nbsp;François Bidault,&nbsp;Philippe Gorphe,&nbsp;Pierre Busson,&nbsp;Fei Chen","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70160","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer-related sarcopenia (CRS) is a significant complication of head and neck carcinoma (HNC), characterised by muscle degeneration and poor clinical outcomes. Although various dietary and therapeutic interventions have been explored, most of them remain empirical, and the molecular mechanisms underlying CRS are not yet fully understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcription profiles of muscle fragments from 29 HNC patients and 8 control donors were analysed by bulk RNA sequencing (6/29 and 3/8) and/or RT-qPCR (29/29 and 5/8). In parallel, differentiating human myoblasts (AB1190) were subjected to indirect co-culture with two types of effector cells: HNC cells (FaDu) or control epithelial cells (NHEK). The contactless effects of effector cells on target myoblasts were investigated using cell imaging to assess muscular differentiation, RT-qPCR and Western blot to assess gene expression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bulk RNA sequencing identified 789 differentially expressed transcripts between HNC and control samples. Subsequent RT-qPCR analysis focused on <i>IL32</i> and <i>BIRC3</i> mRNAs (up-regulated in HNC samples) and <i>ACE1</i> mRNA (down-regulated). Among male HNC patients, the <i>IL32/ACE1</i> mRNA ratio was significantly elevated in CRS cases (<i>p</i> = 0.0001, effect size <i>r</i> = 0.57) and correlated with the severity of muscle atrophy (negative correlation with the Skeletal Muscle Index at a threshold of 10%: <i>p</i> = 0.093, <i>r</i> = −0.41). In contrast, no such trend was observed for the <i>BIRC3/ACE1</i> ratio. Exposure of human myoblasts to HNC cells induced inhibition of myogenesis and strong up-regulation of IL32 mRNA and protein. In contrast, these effects were absent or much smaller under exposure to NHEK controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IL32 is a potential biomarker for CRS in HNC patients. In addition, the HNC–myoblast co-cultivation model provides a promising in vitro system to study CRS mechanisms, potentially reducing the reliance on animal models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Associated With Sarcopenia in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Kaili Jin,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Li,&nbsp;Yiqin Ma,&nbsp;Dan Yang,&nbsp;Xiaoxue Tan,&nbsp;Qiuhua Sun,&nbsp;Rongyun Wang","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70166","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70166","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sarcopenia is an age-related degenerative disorder characterized by a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function with high prevalence in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Identifying clinical and epidemiological factors of sarcopenia in patients with CKD is essential to enable early recognition and appropriate clinical interventions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We conducted a systematic search for resources from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wangfang, VIP (China Science and Technology Journal Database), CNKI (National Knowledge Infrastructure), CMAJD (Chinese Medical Association Journal Database), and SinoMed databases until 21 May 2025. We included studies that reported risk factors for sarcopenia in patients with CKD. All data were extracted independently by two reviewers using a standardized data collection form. The odds ratio (OR) for each risk factor was combined from the included studies. Sensitivity analyses and additional subgroup analyses were conducted.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Finally 58 studies involving a total of 15 425 participants were included. Risk factors with a significant association with sarcopenia in patients with CKD included diabetes (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.51–2.54; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). In contrast, higher BMI (per 1 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.65–0.88; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) was associated with a lower risk. In addition, for non-dialysis-dependent CKD (NDD-CKD) patients, older age (per 1 year), diabetes, and higher C-reactive protein (per 1 mg/L) were associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia. In contrast, higher BMI (per 1 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;), higher carbon dioxide binding capacity (per 1 mmol/L), and an increase in body protein content (per 1 kg) were protective in this group. In haemodialysis (HD) patients, diabetes and higher body protein content (per 1 kg) were associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia. While higher BMI (per 1 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;), higher carbon dioxide binding capacity (per 1 mmol/L), and regular exercise were protective in this group. In renal transplant recipients (RTR), longer dialysis vintage (per 1 month) was identified as a protective factor.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study comprehensively illustrated that the development of sarcopenia in patients with CKD is influenced by a variety of risk factors across various domains. The identification of patients at a high risk of sarcopenia who could benefit from enhanced prophylaxis and treatment can be facil","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"With Appreciation","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70169","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70169","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We thank the following individuals who served as manuscript reviewers for The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM) in 2025.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We highly appreciate their efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fair, conscientious and timely peer reviews contribute to the success of JCSM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Editors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;b&gt;7 and more reviews&lt;/b&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hazim Alhiti&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Djandan Tadum Arthur Vithran&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Amy Attaway&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jing-Fu Bao&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vickie Baracos&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patricia Batista&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Richard Bohannon&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Starling Emerald Bright David&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Toby Chambers&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An-Chih Chang&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Liang-Kung Chen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Xian Wu Cheng&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Paola Costelli&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yaoshan Dun&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jens Fielitz&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wie Gao&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mikel García Aguirre&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Denis Guttridge&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yoshitaka Hashimoto&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Satoshi Ikeda&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Masaaki Konishi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gopal Nambi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Masatsugu Okamura&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Luciana Pereira&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Xinran Qi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Leonardo Roever&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Megan Rosa-Caldwell&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ishan Roy&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kunihiro Sakuma&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gaetano Santulli&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Takayoshi Sasako&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hiroshi Shamoto&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tingting Yang&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hang Yin&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yoshihiro Yoshimura&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Silke Zimmermann&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;b&gt;5–6 reviews&lt;/b&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Takashi Abe&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sue Acreman&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Volker Adams&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Belgin Akan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Matthew Alexander&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alejandro Álvarez Bustos&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hamzah Amin&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jann Arends&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Christopher Axelrod&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mara Barone&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Catherine Bellissimo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Emanuele Berardi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Matthew Bubak&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pierre Carlier&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tai-Heng Chen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Meritxell Espino Guarch&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jinghua Gu&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Joo Young Huh&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dandan Jia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Andy Khamoui&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Il-Young Kim&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Frederick Koh&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ashok Kumar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Saurabh Mishra&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Masaki Mogi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ryan Montalvo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Christopher Nelke&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Erik Niklasson&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ichizo Nishino&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jesus Perez-Camiña&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Terence Ryan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Akihiro Sakuyama&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ryosuke Sato&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ming Yang&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mee-Sup Yoon&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rachel Zeng&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;b&gt;3–4 reviews&lt;/b&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Luis M Alegre&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anwar Ali&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Stephen Alway&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ran An&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elia Angelino&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Óscar Arellano-Pérez&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Paige Arneson-Wissink&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Martin Bahls&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Felix Barajas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Joshua Barzilay&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yuri Battaglia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Philipp Baumert&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Zyta Beata&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pascal Bernatchez&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bijoya Bhattacharjee&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jan Bilski&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jose-Ramon Blanco&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Philip Bonomi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Marina Bouche&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mia Brath&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jeffrey Brault&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Danna Breen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jacob Brown&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Guoqi Cai&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Donnie Cameron&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Daniel Cannon&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Luka Cavka&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yueqi Chen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Liangkai Chen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Joe Chiles&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gabriela Cipolli&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aleksandar Cirovic&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Andrew Coats&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rachel Cooper&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Flavio Da Silva&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lunzhi Dai&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Srinivasan Dasarathy&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Torsten Diekhoff&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Shengguang Ding&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wolfram Doehner&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hervé Dubouchaud&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bradley Elliott&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mert Eşme&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rafaela Espírito Santo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Karyn Esser&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;William Evans&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jens Fielitz&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Guilherme Fonseca&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jordan Fuqua&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lin Gao&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;S","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145784466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Frailty and Incident Cancer: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study","authors":"Zhaoting Bu,&nbsp;Xinying Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Liu,&nbsp;Bing Yin,&nbsp;Sanyu Ge,&nbsp;Xin Zheng,&nbsp;Changhong Xu,&nbsp;Hong Zhao,&nbsp;Yi Li,&nbsp;Xiangrui Li,&nbsp;Hanping Shi","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70164","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70164","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Although frailty has been identified as a potential risk factor for cancer, most previous studies have only considered frailty status at a single time point. The relationship between dynamic changes in frailty and incident cancer is less well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of both baseline frailty status and changes in frailty status with subsequent cancer risk.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Data were derived from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative prospective cohort in the United States. Frailty was assessed using a 29-item Rockwood frailty index and categorized as robust, pre-frail or frail. Changes in frailty status were determined over a 2-year period. Incident cancer was identified through self-reported physician diagnoses. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for demographic, lifestyle and health-related covariates.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 11 661 participants (63.1% female; mean age: 67.1 years) were included in the baseline frailty analysis, and 10 178 participants (63.8% female; mean age: 66.3 years) were included in the frailty change analysis. During a median follow-up of 7.2 years, baseline frailty was associated with a significantly increased risk of incident cancer (frail vs. robust: HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.27–2.02; pre-frail vs. robust: HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.17–1.83). Over the 2-year transition period, participants who progressed from robust to pre-frail/frail status had a higher cancer risk compared to those who remained robust (HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.74–3.61). Conversely, frail individuals who improved to pre-frail or robust status had a reduced cancer risk relative to those who remained frail (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.48–0.90). Similar risk reduction was observed among pre-frail individuals who recovered to robust status (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.34–0.76). Additionally, greater increases in frailty index over timeremained associated with elevated cancer risk after multivariable adjustment (highest vs. lowest quartile of ΔFI: HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.13–1.63; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; for trend &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Both baseline frailty and changes in frailty status are independently associated with cancer risk. Frailty progression significantly increases the risk of incident cancer, whereas recovery from frailty is associated with reduced risk. These findings underscore the importance of dynamic frailty monitoring a","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NAD+ Enhanced Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Effect on Muscle Atrophy by Improving SIRT1-Mediated Mitochondrial Function via NAMPT","authors":"Jia Song,&nbsp;Yuting Sun,&nbsp;Nan Zang,&nbsp;Xue Liu,&nbsp;Jiamu Chen,&nbsp;Kewei Wang,&nbsp;Longqing Xia,&nbsp;Jun Chen,&nbsp;Ruxing Zhao,&nbsp;Fuqiang Liu,&nbsp;Xinguo Hou,&nbsp;Li Chen,&nbsp;Jun Cheng,&nbsp;Wenjian Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70142","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70142","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sarcopenia contributes to all-cause mortality in the elderly; however, there is no specific treatment. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) ameliorate age-related muscle loss and dysfunction and are potential therapeutic candidates for sarcopenia. However, their activity is easily affected by the surrounding environment and they are prone to replicative senescence during in vitro culture. Therefore, a drug that delays aging and enhances its function is required. Here, we investigated whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) pretreatment enhances the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs on skeletal muscle atrophy and its underlying mechanism in a D-galactose (D-gal)–induced mouse model.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The administration of D-gal to mice induces a range of age-associated characteristics and is commonly used in research on age-related muscle atrophy. Therefore, in this study, C57BL/6 J mice and C2C12-differentiated myotubes exposed to D-gal were used to explore the effects of MSCs/NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;-MSCs on muscle atrophy. MSCs/NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;-MSCs were injected into the skeletal muscles of the hind limbs every 7 days for six cycles. Treadmill running and grip strength tests were used to evaluate muscle strength. Muscle weight and fibre cross-sectional area (CSA) were used to measure muscle mass. Multiomics analysis of quadriceps and NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;-pretreated MSCs (NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;-MSCs), Western blotting of muscle atrophy signalling, including Atrogin 1 and MuRF1, the mitochondrial complex, fatty acid oxidation indicators and Seahorse analysis were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;MSCs increased grip strength (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0005), running endurance (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0006) and muscle mass (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0165 for tibialis anterior [TA] muscle, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0049 for soleus [SO] muscle) in D-gal–treated mice, with elevated muscle fibre CSA (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) and reduced Atrogin 1 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0242) and MuRF1 expression (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0009). NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; pretreatment increased the effect of MSCs on muscle atrophy (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0009 for grip strength, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0169 for running endurance, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0506 for TA muscle weight, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0238 for SO muscle weight, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0014 for muscle fibre CSA, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0005 for Atrogin 1 expression and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0223 for MuRF1 expression). MSCs/NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;-MSCs activated the SIRT1/PGC-1α signalling, enhanced mitochondrial function and fatty acid oxidation in D-gal–induced mice and C2C12 myotubes. SIRT1 knockdown weakened the beneficial effects of MSCs/NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145728424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of IL-6, GDF-15 and Sarcopenia in Patients With Bladder Cancer Undergoing Radical Cystectomy and Its Implications on Survival","authors":"Simon U. Engelmann,&nbsp;Felix Kasparbauer,&nbsp;Christoph Pickl,&nbsp;Francesco Del Giudice,&nbsp;Maximilian Haas,&nbsp;Emily Rinderknecht,&nbsp;Peter J. Siska,&nbsp;Renate Pichler,&nbsp;Christoph Niessen,&nbsp;Maximilian Burger,&nbsp;Miodrag Gužvić,&nbsp;Roman Mayr","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70146","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenia has emerged as a significant predictor of adverse outcomes in cancer. Specifically, this is also true for patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy (RC). This retrospective study investigates the roles of the biomarkers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), in the context of sarcopenia, assessing their impact on oncological and survival outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preoperative serum IL-6 and GDF-15 levels were analysed in 179 patients undergoing RC. Their association with sarcopenia, adverse pathological features and survival outcomes was investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated IL-6 and GDF-15 levels were significantly correlated with the presence of sarcopenia (<i>p</i> = 0.04 and <i>p</i> = 0.03, respectively). IL-6 and GDF-15 levels in serum showed a positive correlation (Spearman <i>r</i> = 0.45, 95%CI 0.32–0.56, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Higher IL-6 and GDF-15 levels were also associated with higher tumour stages (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), positive lymph nodes (<i>p</i> = 0.02 and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and unfavourable surgical margins (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Patients with both sarcopenia and high IL-6 or GDF-15 levels exhibited significantly worse overall survival and cancer-specific survival in multivariate Cox regression analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight the interplay between IL-6, GDF-15, sarcopenia and tumour progression, suggesting that IL-6 and GDF-15 may serve as valuable prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Further research is warranted to explore targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating sarcopenia and systemic inflammation in this patient population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145728426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness of Fracture Prevention in Postmenopausal Women With Early Breast Cancer in China","authors":"Jin-Yu Liu,&nbsp;Xi-Han Lin,&nbsp;Yi-Han Chen,&nbsp;Lin Wang,&nbsp;Ting Liu,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Takahiro Mori,&nbsp;Kensuke Moriwaki,&nbsp;Ru-Xu You","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70161","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) significantly increase the risk of osteoporosis and related fractures in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor (HR)–positive early breast cancer (EBC), posing a substantial clinical and economic burden. Effective fracture prevention strategies are critical, especially in resource-constrained settings such as China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A Markov microsimulation model was developed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of fracture prevention strategies for 60-year-old postmenopausal women with HR-positive EBC treated with AIs in China. Six strategies were compared: (a) no intervention, (b) one-time bone mineral density (BMD) screening followed by anti-osteoporotic medication for patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia, (c) annual BMD screening followed by anti-osteoporotic medication for patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia and (d) universal anti-osteoporotic medication without prior BMD screening. Outcomes included incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained versus China's willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold (3 × GDP/capita = $38 223/QALY).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All interventions reduced fractures but increased costs versus no intervention. For women aged 60–64 years, one-time BMD screening followed by therapy for osteoporosis (<i>T</i>-score ≤ −2.5) achieved an ICER of $17 368/QALY, below the WTP threshold. Annual screening yielded marginally higher QALYs (+0.0096) but higher costs (+$895.09), resulting in an ICER exceeding $38 223/QALY. For women ≥ 65 years, both one-time screening for osteoporosis or osteopenia and universal therapy were cost-effective. Universal therapy dominated in high-risk subgroups (history of falls/fractures), achieving the highest QALY gains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One-time BMD screening with selective alendronate for osteoporosis is cost-effective for Chinese women aged ≥ 60 receiving AIs, aligning with China's healthcare constraints. Universal therapy becomes favourable for older or high-risk subgroups. These data-driven findings support tailored strategies to optimise bone health management and resource allocation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted Therapy for Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy","authors":"Ruijie Wang,&nbsp;Wei Lin,&nbsp;Qibing Xie,&nbsp;Geng Yin","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70143","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70143","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders characterized by chronic muscle inflammation and significant extramuscular involvement. A substantial proportion of patients exhibit refractory or relapsing disease despite conventional immunosuppressive therapies, necessitating the development of novel targeted treatments. Recent immunological advances have identified novel therapeutic targets—including B cells, T cells, cytokines and intracellular signalling pathways—paving the way for personalized treatment. Targeted therapies represent promising new approaches.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on targeted therapies for IIM. We systematically searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar for studies published before September 2025, including randomized controlled trials, retrospective and observational studies, meta-analyses and case reports. We synthesized evidence on the efficacy and safety of various targeted treatments across IIM subtypes and complications, highlighting recent advances and future directions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Targeted therapies are revolutionizing IIM management. B-cell-targeted therapies constitute a relatively established modality. Rituximab has become a cornerstone therapy for refractory disease, as supported by high-level evidence. Modulation of T-cell costimulation with abatacept benefits specific subtypes. JAK inhibitors show remarkable efficacy, particularly for cutaneous manifestations and interstitial lung disease. Cytokine inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors and low-dose IL-2 also show benefits across various IIM subtypes and complications. Novel mechanisms are emerging, including Fc receptor antagonism (efgartigimod) to reduce pathogenic IgG and advanced cellular therapies such as CAR-T-cell therapy and bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs), which have induced sustained remission in severe refractory cases. The heterogeneous treatment responses observed between and within IIM subtypes present a central challenge, largely stemming from their diverse underlying immunopathogenic mechanisms. The primary safety concern remains infection risk, necessitating individualized benefit–risk assessment.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The targeted therapy landscape in IIM is rapidly expanding, enabling more precise and effective management. These strategies show significant promise in improving outcomes for patients with refractory","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Baduanjin Exercise for Sarcopenia in Older Adults: A 24-Week Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Keshangjing Wu,&nbsp;Xianyu Chen,&nbsp;Keyu Long,&nbsp;Shengnan Yue,&nbsp;Wenyuan Li,&nbsp;Xueqing Duan,&nbsp;Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Tianyu Liu,&nbsp;Yuanli Chen,&nbsp;Kaisy Xinhong Ye,&nbsp;Jing Guo,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70163","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70163","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by a substantial reduction in muscle mass and decreased muscle function, is a common degenerative condition in older adults. Regular Baduanjin exercise (BE) is deemed an effective intervention for improving muscle function in older adults. It is a traditional Chinese practice of &lt;i&gt;qigong&lt;/i&gt; that combines gentle exercise, breathing techniques and meditation, in the elderly population. However, randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of BE in preventing and treating sarcopenia among older adults remain limited. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of a systematic BE regimen based on the short physical performance battery (SPPB) in managing sarcopenia. By establishing a clear link between BE and improvements in muscle function, this study reveals valuable insights into nonpharmacological strategies for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This is a 24-week randomized controlled trial involving 90 participants aged 60–77 years who were diagnosed with primary sarcopenia. The participants were randomly assigned by SAS software to either BE or a resistance training (RT) group. Both groups undertook their respective training under professional supervision from July 2022 to August 2023 in Chengdu, China. The intervention consisted of 60-minute sessions, three times a week for 24 weeks. Participants were evaluated at baseline, Week 12 (midintervention) and Week 24 (postintervention) using the primary outcome measure, SPPB, along with secondary indicators, including limb muscle mass, two-handed grip strength and other indicators, which were analysed using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) model.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Generalized estimating equations were used to assess 24-week postintervention effects. Among the entire group, which consisted of 13 males and 77 females, significant differences (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) were noted between the BE and RT in several measures: SPPB scores (&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt; = 1.94 [95% CI, 1.20–2.68]), balance (&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt; = 0.76 [95% CI, 0.31–1.22]), lower limb strength (&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt; = 0.75 [95% CI, 0.25 to 1.24]), gait speed (&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt; = 0.41 [95% CI, 0.01–0.81]), skeletal muscle index (SMI) (&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt; = 0.37 [95% CI, 0.25–0.50]), left leg muscle mass (&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt; = 0.38 [95% CI, 0.23–0.52]), right leg muscle mass (&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt; = 0.34 [95% CI, 0.17–0.51]) and right hand grip strength (&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt; = 1.56 [95% CI, 1.13–1.99]). No significant differences were found in the muscle mass of the left arm, right arm or left handgrip strength or in the results of the 6-m walk test.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.70163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}