Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in algae-based biocrude upgrading and green hydrogen integration for sustainable aviation fuel production: a comprehensive review","authors":"Elmustafa Iboustaten,&nbsp;Oussama Bayssi,&nbsp;Loubna Bousselamti,&nbsp;Meryeme Azaroual,&nbsp;Nouhayla Atmani,&nbsp;Sanae Habchi,&nbsp;Hamza Chater,&nbsp;Abdullah Zahid Turan,&nbsp;Ayoub Hirt,&nbsp;Velid Demir","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07246-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07246-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing demand for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is driving the development of integrated pathways for renewable fuel production. Algae-based biocrude produced through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) represents a promising route due to the high productivity of microalgae, flexible feedstock utilization, and minimal competition with food resources. This review provides an integrated perspective on algae-HTL-to-SAF pathways by explicitly linking renewable hydrogen supply, fuel upgrading performance, and Techno-economic analysis/Life cycle assessment (TEA/LCA) assumptions across the value chain. This review critically evaluates recent advances in algal cultivation, HTL-based biocrude production, catalytic upgrading, and hydrogen-assisted hydroprocessing for converting algal biocrude into aviation-range fuels. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of green hydrogen, examining how renewable-energy-driven hydrogen production can be integrated into hydrotreatment processes to enhance deoxygenation, denitrogenation, and overall fuel quality. TEA and LCA of algae-to-SAF pathways are also evaluated, highlighting strategies to reduce production costs, lower carbon intensity, and improve life-cycle performance. In addition, the potential for on-site hydrogen generation within algae biorefineries is discussed as a means to increase process efficiency and strengthen supply-chain resilience. By addressing the full value chain from algal cultivation to hydrogen-enabled upgrading, this review provides a comprehensive assessment of recent advances in algal biocrude upgrading and green hydrogen integration for SAF production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13399-026-07246-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial-influenced fortification in corrosion inhibition potential of sugarcane waste extract on Cu/HNO3 interface","authors":"Anjana Bhardwaj,&nbsp;Preeti Yadav,&nbsp;Pranavi Kumari,&nbsp;Gulshan Kumar,&nbsp;Aman Joshi,&nbsp;Anamika Srivastava,&nbsp;Rajendra Vishwakarma,&nbsp;Manisha Bhardwaj,&nbsp;Praveen Bobby Binjha,&nbsp;Jaya Dwivedi,&nbsp;Swapnil Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07261-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07261-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacterial biofilms and plant waste extracts are well recognized to have remarkable corrosion-inhibiting properties. However, the corrosion inhibitory efficiencies of their combinations have not been extensively explored. The presented study aims to investigate the corrosion inhibition efficiency of Sugarcane Waste Extract (SWE), <i>Pseudomonas monteilli</i> (<i>P. monteilli</i>), <i>Bacillus safensis</i> (<i>B. safensis</i>) individually in the combination of SWE and said bacterial strains at the copper (Cu) interface in acidic solutions of HNO₃ (pH 4.5) at 300 K, 305 K, and 310 K. The morphological changes observed during the investigation were validated using FTIR UV–Visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, EDX, and XPS. The highest fall in the corrosion current densities was observed in the combination of SWE extract (500 µL) and <i>P. monteilli</i> (500 µL) at 300 K, demonstrating the highest corrosion inhibition efficiency of 89.55%. The ∆G°_ads values support the spontaneous and physisorption following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. SEM images and XPS analysis confirm the formation of a protective layer on the surface. In conclusion, combining bacterial biomass with SWE shows remarkable anti-corrosive efficacy that may be further investigated to achieve its industrial utility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular docking- Guided metabolic redirection approach to design potential media for production of polyhydroxyalkanoate in Bacillus cereus MTCC25697","authors":"Harshada T. Kankonkar,&nbsp;Rakhee S. Khandeparker","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07264-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07264-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Purified hesperidin, a major flavonoid from citrus peel waste, was investigated as a potential metabolic modulator for enhancing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production in <i>Bacillus cereus</i> MTCC25697. While previous studies have explored crude citrus peel extracts to improve microbial PHA production, the molecular role of individual phytochemicals has remained largely unexplored. Molecular docking analysis identified citrate synthase as a potential target of hesperidin, with a binding affinity of − 6.727 kcal/mol, suggesting a possible interaction that may influence the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and carbon flux distribution. Experimentally, supplementation of optimized production medium with purified hesperidin or orange-peel extract significantly enhanced PHA accumulation, reaching 78.83% of cell dry weight compared with the control. The extracted polymer was identified as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] by HPLC analysis. The combined computational and experimental findings suggest that hesperidin modulate central carbon metabolism, thereby promoting PHA biosynthesis. However, direct biochemical validation of citrate synthase inhibition is required to confirm the proposed mechanism. These findings highlight purified hesperidin as a promising natural additive for improving sustainable PHA production from renewable citrus waste resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A recyclable Mg–Fe LDH-functionalized magnetic fungal adsorbent for methylene blue removal from real wastewater","authors":"Solmaz Ghojavand,&nbsp;Mahboobeh Madani,&nbsp;Bahman Ramavandi,&nbsp;Seyed Jamaleddin Peighambardoust,&nbsp;Ghoramreza Amiri","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07266-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07266-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, fungal biomass derived from <i>Mucor hiemalis</i> was employed as an inexpensive and sustainable bio-precursor for the fabrication of magnetic adsorbent systems, namely <i>M. hiemalis</i>/MnFe₂O₄ and <i>M. hiemalis</i>/MnFe₂O₄/Mg–Fe layered double hydroxides, targeting the elimination of methylene blue from aqueous solutions and real wastewater matrices. Comprehensive characterization using FTIR, XRD, SEM–EDX, BET, and VSM confirmed the successful incorporation of MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles and Mg–Fe layered double hydroxides layers onto the fungal surface, resulting in enhanced surface area (from 17.59 to 82.38 m²·g⁻¹) and superparamagnetic behavior (saturation magnetization of 17.056 emu·g⁻¹). Operational parameters were optimized through response surface methodology based on a central composite experimental design, yielding a highly reliable quadratic regression model (F = 994.23, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) with negligible lack-of-fit and strong predictive capability, as evidenced by R² (0.9986) and adjusted R² (0.9976). Thermodynamic analysis revealed negative standard Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG° ranging from − 20 to 0 kJ·mol⁻¹), indicating the spontaneous nature of methylene blue adsorption. Concurrently, positive enthalpy and entropy changes confirmed an endothermic adsorption process accompanied by increased interfacial affinity at elevated temperatures. The ΔH° values (20.9–80 kJ·mol⁻¹) suggest that both physisorption and chemisorption mechanisms contribute to dye uptake. Adsorption kinetics were satisfactorily described by both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, with a high initial adsorption rate (α = 211.60 mg·g⁻¹·min⁻¹) observed for the layered double hydroxides -functionalized composite. Equilibrium studies demonstrated that methylene blue adsorption onto pristine <i>M. hiemalis</i> and <i>M. hiemalis</i>/MnFe₂O₄ conformed to the Langmuir monolayer model, whereas the Mg–Fe layered double hydroxides -modified material followed the Freundlich isotherm, reflecting its heterogeneous and multilayer adsorption behavior. The maximum adsorption capacities were determined as 8.693, 13.90, and 27.74 mg·g⁻¹, respectively. Furthermore, regeneration experiments confirmed excellent reusability, particularly for <i>M. hiemalis</i>/MnFe₂O₄/Mg–Fe layered double hydroxides, highlighting its strong potential for practical wastewater remediation applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable conversion of poultry feather waste into high-efficiency keratin and modified feather biosorbents for anionic dye removal","authors":"Saoussen Hamdi,&nbsp;Fedia Mechati,&nbsp;Nabil Bougdah,&nbsp;Nabil Messikh","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07260-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07260-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates two parallel routes for converting chicken feather waste into biosorbent materials designed for the adsorption of methyl orange (MO). Keratin was recovered by alkaline hydrolysis of chicken feathers (CF), while a separate feather fraction was chemically treated to obtain modified feathers (MF). The adsorption performance of the two materials was subsequently compared under identical experimental conditions. Structural, morphological, thermal, and surface properties were examined by FTIR, XRD, SEM–EDX, TGA/DTG, DSC, and pH_pzc determination. Time-dependent kinetic data showed the best agreement with the pseudo-second-order model, with R² values of 0.997 for keratin and 0.998 for MF. Additional interpretation based on the intraparticle diffusion and Boyd models indicated that external film transport and intraparticle diffusion jointly controlled the overall adsorption rate. The equilibrium results were represented satisfactorily by the Langmuir equation, yielding R² values of 0.991 for keratin and 0.992 for MF. Under the selected conditions of pH 4, 100 min contact time, adsorbent masses of 0.10 g for keratin and 0.125 g for MF, at an operating temperature of 50 °C, the corresponding maximum adsorption capacities reached 34.6 ± 0.32 mg g⁻¹ and 21.55 ± 0.27 mg g⁻¹, respectively. The negative Gibbs free-energy values and positive enthalpy changes indicated a thermodynamically favorable and heat-assisted adsorption process. The magnitude of the thermodynamic parameters, together with the mechanistic analysis, suggests that physical interactions were predominant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of tobacco straw for co-production of antimicrobial compounds and soluble fertilizers by combined microwave hydrothermal treatment and bacterial fermentation","authors":"Yuan Yuan,&nbsp;Shoutao Cao,&nbsp;Lijuan Peng,&nbsp;Shougang Zheng,&nbsp;Depeng Chu,&nbsp;Qingyu Li,&nbsp;Yanxiu Li,&nbsp;Xiao Wang,&nbsp;Shushan Zhao,&nbsp;Xiangwei You,&nbsp;Yiqiang Li","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07259-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07259-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An integrated biorefinery process was developed to convert tobacco straw into valuable antimicrobial compounds and soluble fertilizers. Microwave assisted hydrothermal treatment was used to hydrolyze tobacco straw, and the non-detoxified hydrolysates obtained at 120 °C and 150 °C both supported the growth of beneficial microbe <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> strain Cas02 without extra nutrition addition. The fermentation extracts were investigated for their inhibitory effect against plant pathogen indicators, only fermentation extracts from 120 °C hydrolysate showed inhibitory effect. This indicates that while the 150 °C hydrolysate permits cell growth, the lignocellulosic-derived inhibitors generated at higher hydrothermal temperatures (150–180 °C) negatively impact the strain’s secondary metabolism. Further, antimicrobial compounds were extracted by ethyl acetate and identified to be iturins and macrolatins. The active compounds rich extract after ethyl acetate extraction showed much stronger antifungal and antibacterial activities. Composition analysis revealed that residual ferments after antimicrobial compounds extraction were rich in carbohydrate and protein, and these extracts significantly improved the growth and salt resistance of peanut seedlings. All these indicated that tobacco straw can be valorized to produce valuable chemicals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene-modified bagasse biochar for phenol removal from river water: insights on adsorption optimization, mechanism and implications for circular economy","authors":"Saman Nigar,&nbsp;Radhakrishnan Naresh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07267-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07267-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the most common organic pollutants found in waters is phenol, which is toxic to aquatic life and humans. The present study explored the feasibility of converting sugarcane bagasse into biochar adsorbent to efficiently remove phenol from river water. Chemically treated biochar (CTB) and grapheme-coated biochar (GCB) were produced from the pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse at 300, 400, and 500 °C, followed by chemical activation with HCl and grapheme oxide treatment, respectively. The resulting materials were characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis (BET). To study the adsorption capacity of CTB and GCB for phenol removal under varying reaction conditions, batch adsorption experiments were performed. GCB, under optimal operating conditions, achieved a maximum phenol removal efficiency of 95.6%, compared with 85.5% with CTB. COD and turbidity removal from river water were 92.9% and 80.8% using GCB. The Langmuir model was a better fit than the Freundlich model for CTB and GCB, with <i>R</i>² values of 0.83 and 0.97, respectively, and the maximum equilibrium adsorption capacities (qₑ) were 35.55 mg/g for CTB and 37.60 mg/g for GCB. Adsorption kinetics were best described by the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic evaluation confirmed that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. The promising performance of grapheme-coated bagasse-derived biochar demonstrates its potential as an efficient and sustainable adsorbent for removing phenol from river water.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and optimization of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from Pterospermum acerifolium extracted cellulosic pulp using Zn-Sn/HZSM-5 catalyst","authors":"Vikas Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Subhrajeet Dash,&nbsp;Poonam Gera,&nbsp;Anjireddy Bhavanam","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07258-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07258-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Pterospermum acerifolium</i> (PA) was used in this study as the raw material for the production of extracted pulp. This plant is mainly used in antioxidants, analgesics and is also used in the paper industry to produce paper. The present study focus on production of Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from the cellulose pulp extracted from PA using Kraft pulping and soda processes. The biomass sample was first pre-treated using both the processes to remove lignin, followed by bleaching. The cellulose pulp extracted was further characterized by XRD, FTIR and Total carbohydrate content. From the characteristic peaks, the presence of cellulosic components was confirmed. Finally, the extracted cellulose was tested for production of HMF using Zn/Sn modified HZSM-5 as a catalyst. The synergistic Lewis-Brønsted acid functionality of the Zn-Sn/HZSM-5 catalyst enhances glucose isomerization and dehydration, which leads to efficient conversion of lignocellulose into HMF with enhanced selectivity and biomass valorisation. The surface and structural morphology of bimetallic-zeolite catalyst was also studied using XRD and FESEM-EDS. The HMF produced in this process was analysed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). HMF yield of 33.14% and 9.76% was observed using Soda and Kraft pulping processes, respectively, at a temperature of 170 °C and 60 min reaction time, which were the optimized conditions obtained from Response Surface Methodology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable protease production by Bacillus subtilis strain VSP11 using agro-waste: statistical optimization under solid-state fermentation","authors":"Vimalkumar Prajapati,&nbsp;Chandrashekhar Parab,&nbsp;Swati Patel,&nbsp;Vaibhavkumar Mehta","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07257-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07257-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A potent protease-producing bacterium was isolated from environmental samples collected from a municipal waste treatment plant and dairy effluent site and screened on skim milk agar for extracellular protease production. Among approximately 30 isolates, 12 showed distinct proteolytic activity under solid-state fermentation (SSF) using wheat bran as substrate. Isolate VSP11 exhibited the highest proteolytic index (4.00) and maximum protease activity (103.2 U/gds) and was selected for further study. Morphological and molecular characterization based on 16 S rRNA gene sequencing identified the isolate as <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain VSP11. Protease production by <i>B. subtilis</i> VSP11 was enhanced under SSF employing wheat bran as a low-cost agro-residue substrate. Initially, one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) optimization was performed to evaluate the influence of physicochemical parameters and nutritional supplements on enzyme production. Significant variables were subsequently screened using Plackett–Burman design, which identified water content, yeast extract, and peptone as the major factors affecting protease production. Further optimization using Central Composite Design under Response Surface Methodology (CCD-RSM) generated a statistically significant predictive model with an R² value of 0.906. The optimized conditions consisting of 20 mL water content, 0.5 g yeast extract, and 0.5 g peptone per 5 g wheat bran predicted a protease activity of 469.71 U/gds, while validation experiments yielded 468.73 U/gds. The close agreement between predicted and experimental values confirmed the reliability of the developed model. These findings demonstrate the potential of <i>B. subtilis</i> strain VSP11 for economical and sustainable protease production using agro-waste under SSF conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and performance study of diatom-based biochar for nighttime radiative cooling","authors":"Haiwei Xie,&nbsp;Yuhao Qin,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Zhao,&nbsp;Yunlong Chen","doi":"10.1007/s13399-026-07263-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-026-07263-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nighttime radiative cooling, a passive cooling technology, has immense potential for energy conservation and emission reduction. This study investigates the novel application of renewable diatoms to prepare a high-performance biochar tailored for nighttime radiative cooling. Under optimal conditions (heating rate of 12 °C/min, final temperature of 300 °C, and 0 h holding time), the diatom-based biochar (DB) achieved a significant temperature decrease of up to 20.4 °C in outdoor tests. It exhibited an average infrared emissivity of 94.35% in the 8–13 μm atmospheric window, yielding a net radiative cooling power of 102.71 W/m². The underlying mechanism for its excellent performance was revealed through characterization analyses including FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET, and EDS. This study indicates that the radiative cooling performance of DB results from a synergistic effect between its chemical structure and physical morphology. Specifically, the amorphous SiO₂ structure possesses outstanding broadband infrared emission characteristics, forming the core foundation for efficient cooling. This is synergistically enhanced by the preserved porous microstructure and abundant surface functional groups (such as -OH, -CHO, and C-H). This research provides a scalable and cost-effective reference for developing eco-friendly thermal management materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"16 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}