Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction with natural deep eutectic solvents for enhanced recovery of phenolics and terpenoids from celery leaves","authors":"Tan Phat Vo,&nbsp;Thai Anh Thi Ho,&nbsp;Nguyen Minh Huy Ha,&nbsp;Dinh Quan Nguyen","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06246-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06246-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Celery (<i>Apium graveolens</i> L.) is a widely available plant rich in bioactive compounds, known for its therapeutic properties. This study aims to determine the optimal conditions for the extraction of phenolics and terpenoids from celery leaves. Various natural deep-eutectic solvents were screened under fixed conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and the most suitable solvent for extraction was the solvent composed of acetic acid and glucose. Single-factor experiments were run to assess the influences of various independent variables, including the ratio of sample to solvent, the water content of the solvent, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, ultrasonic temperature, microwave power, and microwave time, on the phenolics and terpenoids extraction efficiency. Optimization of extraction conditions was conducted using the Box–Behnken design model. For the MAE method, the optimal conditions for phenolics and terpenoid recovery were a sample-to-solvent ratio of 0.019 g/mL, 10.0% water content, 86.043 W of microwave power, and 4.0 min of microwave time. Under these conditions, the total phenolic content was 36.06 ± 2.88 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g, and the total terpenoid content was 56.22 ± 1.01 mg ursolic acid equivalent (UE)/g. For the UAE method, the optimal conditions for phenolics recovery were a sample-to-solvent ratio of 0.019 g/mL, 20.66% water content, 54.14 ℃ temperature, 18.71 min of extraction time, and 336.51 W ultrasonic power. For terpenoids, the optimal UAE conditions were a sample-to-solvent ratio of 0.018 g/mL, 10.60% water content, 37.28 ℃ temperature, 18.71 min of extraction time, and 416.22 W of ultrasonic power. These conditions yielded 37.7 ± 1.95 mg GAE/g of total phenolic content and 76.22 ± 0.712 mg UE/g of total terpenoid content. The results imply the efficiency of the solvents and the extracting methods, suggesting their potential in the recovery of terpenoid and phenolic compounds from celery leaves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 10","pages":"15053 - 15067"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of bioethanol production from reducing sugar in stress tolerance by GSH: GSSG cycle in S. cerevisiae","authors":"Huma Gulzar,&nbsp;Tuba Tariq,&nbsp;Iqra Kainat,&nbsp;Huiqiang Lou,&nbsp;Mansour Ghorbanpour,&nbsp;Ghazala Mustafa,&nbsp;Murtaza Hasan","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06247-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06247-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bio-ethanol is the largest and most dominant biotechnology bio-fuel and <i>Saccharomyces cerivicae</i> is the most favored microorganism employed for its industrial production. However, obtaining maximum yields from an ethanol fermentation and reducing ethanol fermentation stress remain a technical challenge. Usage of food biomass for producing bio-fuel caused food shortage, and conversion of waste lignocellulosic biomass into bio-fuel was costly and affecting the economy of a country. Here, we use fungal biomass for production of reducing sugars and fermentation of reducing sugar into bioethanol. To get better results, optimization of reactant such as fungal biomass by chemical and enzymatic pretreatment. The highest reducing sugars obtained was 1.98 g/100 mL with 99% sugar yield by sample treated with α-amylase (50FBGU). All samples were fermented using <i>S. cerivicae</i> (yeast) and highest bioethanol produced was 6.07% by a sample treated with α-amylase (50FBGU). This study revealed that fungal biomass pretreated enzymatically and chemically give higher production of reducing sugars and bioethanol and explored the sub-cellular distribution and response of intracellular glutathione with ethanol fermentation stresses include ROS potentially impact on the efficiency of yeast cell growth and metabolism; conferring stress tolerance by GSH:GSSG cycle to increase catalase activity being deployed at industrial scale for the optimization and potential to improve fermentation efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 10","pages":"14975 - 14990"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient biobutanol production via co-cultivation of Clostridium acetobutylicum and Bacillus cereus utilizing DES pretreated rice husk","authors":"A. Anuradha,&nbsp;Sudeepan Jayabalan,&nbsp;Swaraj Sengupta,&nbsp;Si-Yu Li,&nbsp;Muthu Kumar Sampath","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06225-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06225-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biobutanol, a promising biofuel with superior properties compared to ethanol, has garnered significant attention as an alternative to traditional fossil fuels. Recently, lignocellulosic biomasses (LCB) represent promising sustainable feedstock options for biorefineries aiming to produce renewable biofuels and biochemicals. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are now recognized as an effective pretreatment method for lignocellulosic biomass, as they improve cellulose accessibility for subsequent hydrolysis and enhance fermentable sugar yield. DES has several benefits over conventional solvents, such as low toxicity and biodegradability which makes them appropriate for usage with a variety of lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, in the present study, pretreatment of rice husk with deep eutectic solvent using choline chloride and urea (ChCl/U) was investigated for the production of biobutanol. This study also investigates the synergistic potential of coculturing <i>Bacillus cereus</i> and <i>Clostridium acetobutylicum</i> for enhanced biobutanol production. <i>B. cereus</i>, known for its robust metabolism and extracellular enzyme secretion, is paired with <i>C. acetobutylicum</i>, a proficient butanol producer. The coculture produced 4.7 ± 0.7 g/L of biobutanol. The coculture strategy aims to capitalize on the complementary metabolic capabilities of the two strains, facilitating improved substrate utilization and butanol production.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 10","pages":"15113 - 15121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy out of waste: kinetics and thermolysis of co-pyrolysis of biomass and municipal plastic waste","authors":"P. Baranitharan,&nbsp;U. Elaiyarasan,&nbsp;R. Sakthivel,&nbsp;Malinee Sriariyanun,&nbsp;N. Tamilarasan","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06228-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06228-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To build effective co-pyrolysis processes and reactor systems, it is vital to understand the kinetics, synergistic effects, reaction mechanisms, and thermodynamic analysis of co-pyrolyzing biomass with different types of plastics. The present study deals with non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis carried out at heating rates of 20, 25, 30, 35 °C/min to assess the kinetic and thermodynamic attributes of <i>Areca catechu</i> husk fiber and municipal plastic waste co-pyrolysis process. The co-pyrolysis process was carried out at 350 °C. Three iso-conversational methods, including Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, Starink, and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, were employed to find the activation energy <span>(left({E}_{a}right))</span> and thermodynamic triplets of entropy (ΔS), enthalpy (ΔH), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) of the dual feedstock blend. The average <span>({E}_{a})</span>, when estimated by using Starink, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose methods, was identified to be 212.95 kJ/mol, 223.64 kJ/mol, and 214.06 kJ/mol with an average linear co-efficient of regression (<i>R</i>²) value of more than 0.9. The output responses of this present research expose that co-pyrolysis blend can be utilized as an effective feedstock for a waste reduction and sustainable environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 10","pages":"15341 - 15359"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-waste of vegetable oil production as a source of natural phenols with antioxidant properties","authors":"Iryna Laguta,&nbsp;Oksana Stavinskaya,&nbsp;Pavlo Kuzema,&nbsp;Victor Anishchenko,&nbsp;Roman Ivannikov","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06237-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06237-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of the study was to determine phenolic compounds in bio-waste of vegetable oil production and to test the antioxidant/reducing properties of the waste-derived extracts. Ethanol extracts from defatted seedcakes of camelina, milk thistle, hemp, mustard, pumpkin, and sunflower were prepared, the extract composition was characterized using HPLC and MALDI MS methods. Camelina, milk thistle, hemp, mustard, and sunflower seedcakes were found to contain significant amounts of phenolic compounds (6–17 mg/g), with the most abundant phenols being phenolic acids and flavonoids. For various seedcakes, phenolic profiles were shown to differ from each other significantly. For example, in pumpkin and sunflower seedcakes, &gt; 90% of the total mass of phenols fell at hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, respectively, while in milk thistle extract, the vast majority of phenols were flavonoids. Among flavonoids, flavones/flavonols prevailed in extracts from camelina, hemp, and mustard seedcakes, whereas flavanones were the main flavonoids in milk thistle extract. All the extracts were tested for their antioxidant/reducing properties, and, except the one from pumpkin seedcake, they were found to exhibit very high reactivity in DPPH and Folin-Ciocalteu assays. Besides, all the extracts effectively deactivated NO^• and OH^• radicals; camelina and milk thistle extracts were also shown to decelerate biodiesel oxidation. All the extracts demonstrated good performance in green synthesis of silver nanoparticles; camelina extract, rich in flavonols, appeared to be suitable for the preparation of stable nanoparticle colloids. Thus, the above seedcakes, apparently, can be used to extract various natural antioxidants applicable in a variety of redox processes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 10","pages":"15385 - 15398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogas upgrading to fuel quality by dynamic adsorption of activated charcoal under non-isothermal conditions","authors":"Lim Kai Seong,&nbsp;Ammar Ali Abd,&nbsp;Tariq J. Al-Musawi,&nbsp;Jinsoo Kim,&nbsp;Mohd Roslee Othman","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06222-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06222-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biogas is essential in our pursuit of sustainable energy solutions, in our journey towards a greener and sustainable future. To become commercially viable, biogas requires purification, particularly the removal of impurities like CO₂, so that it meets the fuel quality standards. This study evaluated activated charcoal’s potential as an adsorbent for biogas upgrading. The focus is on its ability to effectively remove impurities such as CO₂ in a four-step pressure swing adsorption (PSA) cycle. SEM, BET, FT-IR, and XRD analyses provide insights into its physical and chemical attributes. The study began by examining the dynamic fixed-bed adsorption behavior of CO₂ and CH₄ at 300 K and 2.5 bar. A numerical model was developed to elucidate the activated charcoal’s dynamic behavior during methane enrichment and CO₂ capture, considering both its characterization and the adsorption bed’s geometry. The model was further refined using the extended Langmuir model to enhance the representation of the multicomponent adsorption. A novel approach was introduced by incorporating non-isothermal/non-adiabatic assumptions into the dynamic simulations, thereby providing a more accurate reflection of a PSA system in real-world applications. Aspen Adsorption platform was utilized during dynamic simulations, and the model was validated using experimental breakthrough data. The model assessed how parameters like temperature, length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio, and CO₂ content in feed affect biomethane purity. Process optimization of the biogas upgrading was achieved through design of experiment (DoE) methodology, utilizing central composite design (CCD) and desirability analysis. The results demonstrated a biomethane purity level of 99.96% and a recovery rate of 96.22% at a temperature of 0 °C, an L/D ratio of 15, and a feed CO₂ content of 30%, underscoring the efficacy of activated charcoal and its capability to meet the stringent fuel standards, thereby positioning it as a reliable material for biogas upgrading.\u0000</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 10","pages":"15035 - 15052"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of temperature aging on behavioral changes in vinyl ester composite reinforced with Himalayan nettle fiber and silicious rock dust","authors":"A. Anbuchezian,&nbsp;S. Suresh Pungaiah,&nbsp;D. Jayabalakrishnan,&nbsp;S. Lakshmana Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06182-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06182-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the mechanical, wear, thermal, and flammability properties of vinyl ester composites reinforced with Himalayan nettle fiber and silicious rock dust, with a particular focus on the effects of thermal aging at 50 °C for 30 days. The composites were fabricated using a lay-up technique, with various ratios of vinyl ester resin, nettle fiber, and silicious rock dust, creating specimens designated as R, RN, RN0, RN1, RN2, and RN3. Among these, specimen RN3, containing 50 Wt.% nettle fiber and 4 Wt.% silicious rock dust, demonstrated superior performance. RN3 exhibited a tensile strength of 139 MPa, flexural strength of 151 MPa, hardness of 83 Shore-D, and an Izod impact strength of 5.5 J, indicating significant improvements due to the effective load transfer from the matrix to the fibers and the reinforcing effect of the filler. RN3 also showed the lowest specific wear rate of 0.0012 mm³/Nm and a coefficient of friction of 0.14, primarily due to the abrasive-resistant nature of the silicious rock dust and its ability to enhance load distribution. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that RN3 had a weight loss at maximum degradation of 99% and a degradation temperature of 386 °C, highlighting its enhanced thermal stability. Additionally, RN3 exhibited the lowest flame propagation speed of 3.7 mm/min, maintaining a UL-94 V-0 rating, making it particularly suitable for high-safety applications. Optical microscopic scanning of wear surfaces further confirmed the effectiveness of silicious rock dust filler in reducing wear damage and improving fiber-matrix adhesion, which contributed to the overall durability of the composite. This study demonstrates the potential of using industrial waste particles and natural fibers in reinforcing composites for improved mechanical and thermal properties, particularly in applications requiring long-term stability and resistance to wear and fire.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 9","pages":"13643 - 13652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delignification characteristics of rice straw pretreatment combining biogas slurry immersion with freeze–thaw","authors":"Lili Wang,&nbsp;Zicong Wang,&nbsp;Zhongjiang Wang,&nbsp;Yu Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06239-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06239-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The challenge associated with lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment is efficiently overcoming biomass recalcitrance at low cost and non-pollution. This study aims to make full use of the by-product biogas slurry rich in ammonia nitrogen and microorganisms from anaerobic digestion and the cold resources of winter in cold regions and propose a combined pretreatment method of biogas slurry immersion and then freeze–thaw. The physiochemical characteristics of pretreated rice straw were studied in terms of liquid–solid ratio, immersion temperature, immersion duration, and number of freeze–thaw cycles. Lignin removal first increased then decreased with increasing temperature and liquid–solid ratio during biogas slurry immersion and increased with prolonged immersion duration. Hydrolytic acidification bacteria played a more crucial pretreatment role during biogas slurry immersion than free ammonia. The freezing–thawing treatment could further break the chemical bonds between lignin and carbohydrates in the rice straw after soaking in biogas slurry and reduce the crystallinity of cellulose. The lignin removal gradually increased with the increase in the number of freezing–thawing repeated, and the maximal lignin removal from the rice straw undergoing biogas slurry immersion with a liquid–solid ratio of 15:1 at 30 °C for 3 days and then five freeze–thaw repetitions reached 59.90%, and its crystallinity index reduced by 17.23% compared to raw rice straw. The carbon to nitrogen ratio of pretreated rice straw decreased to below 25, and a certain amount of volatile fatty acids could be accumulated, respectively, after biogas slurry immersion and freeze–thaw. The combined pretreatment method of biogas slurry immersion and freeze–thaw would be a promising approach to promote the low-cost operation and large-scale production of the straw pretreatment and biogas industry, especially in regions with natural cold resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 10","pages":"15437 - 15449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carboxymethyl cellulose grafted poly(acrylamide)/magnetic biochar as a novel nanocomposite hydrogel for efficient elimination of methylene blue","authors":"Seyed Jamaleddin Peighambardoust,&nbsp;Mina Mollazadeh Azari,&nbsp;Parisa Mohammadzadeh Pakdel,&nbsp;Reza Mohammadi,&nbsp;Rauf Foroutan","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06180-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06180-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, the grafting of acrylamide (AAm) onto the carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) backbone was performed using the free radical polymerization method to eliminate methylene blue (MB) from water media. Biochar (BC) was produced from tea waste by pyrolysis and doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Magnetic biochar (MTWBC) nanoparticles were incorporated in CMC-g-P(AAm) hydrogel (HG) for the first time to enhance its adsorption properties. FTIR, XRD, TGA, VSM, BET, and SEM–EDS techniques characterized synthesized nanoparticles and adsorbents. The BET surface area for HG, HG/BC, and HG/MTWBC was obtained at 1.74, 2.011, and 3.58 m2/g, respectively, demonstrating how BC and MTWBC nanoparticles can enhance the surface area of HG. The magnetic saturation of MTWBC and HG/MTWBC was 15.45 and 1.85 emu/g, respectively. The maximum removal performance of HG, HG/BC, and HG/MTWBC nanocomposite hydrogels under optimum conditions of pH = 8, adsorbent dose 1.5 g/L, contact time 70 min, initial concentration 10 mg/L, and temperature 25 °C was obtained 83.22, 92.57, and 94.27%, respectively showing the effectiveness of BC and MTWBC nanoparticles in promoting removal performance of HG. Kinetic and equilibrium data followed Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. The monolayer adsorption capacity for HG, HG/BC, and HG/MTWBC nanocomposite hydrogels was computed to be 12.3, 14.2, and 20.79 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic study showed that the MB elimination process is spontaneous and exothermic. The adsorption mechanisms of MB onto HG/MTWBC include hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, and π-π interactions. Finally, it can be inferred that HG/MTWBC nanocomposite hydrogel can be applied as a novel, easy-separable, and efficient adsorbent to decontaminate MB from water media.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 10","pages":"15193 - 15209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of silane-treated lignin and hybrid bamboo-green pea sheath fiber on mechanical, wear, and wettability behavior of epoxy structural composite","authors":"Ramasamy V,&nbsp; Dharmaraja C,&nbsp;K. Pratheesh,&nbsp;Avinash Malladi","doi":"10.1007/s13399-024-06084-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13399-024-06084-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Composite materials are predominantly utilized in most of the manufacturing and infrastructural application due to its light-weight, cost-effective nature. However, there is presence of certain critics on composite due to over use of chemical-based compounds. To reduce such issues, the present study investigates biocomposite material using green pea pod lignin– and bamboo-green pea fiber–reinforced epoxy. The main aim of this study is to examine the mechanical, fatigue, wear, thermal conductivity, and water absorption performance of the biocomposite. The composite material is fabricated, using hand layup process. As per ASTM standard, the fabricated composites are tested under ambient temperature condition. The study demonstrates that addition of fiber of 40 vol.% and filler of 1 vol.% silane-treated lignin macromolecule in EBL2 provides optimal concentration, improving the composite’s structural integrity, stress distribution, and reducing micro-crack propagation. The 2.0% silane-treated lignin macromolecule in EBL3, although slightly less effective in tensile and flexural properties of 171.2 MPa and 214 MPa when compared to EBL2, of 181.9 MPa and 224.7 MPa respectively, still shows significant enhancements due to increased cross-linking density and reinforcement within the composite matrix. From the obtained result, that silane treatment on both the fiber and filler particle shows maximum mechanical, fatigue, wear, thermal conductivity, and water absorption properties of the composite. Owing to such features, the biocomposite material is applied to sectors such as automotive, aviation, defense, infrastructural civil, and marine engineering applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":488,"journal":{"name":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","volume":"15 4","pages":"5551 - 5565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}