Journal of Sport and Health Science最新文献

{"title":"The effects of a supervised exercise training program during pregnancy on placental cytokines, and the potential role of fetal sex and maternal weight status.","authors":"Pedro Acosta-Manzano, Marta Flor-Alemany, Luis J Martínez-González, María Jesús Alvarez-Cubero, Laura Baena-García, Teresa Nestares, Mireille N M Van Poppel, Virginia A Aparicio","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on the human placenta are poorly understood. The objective of the current study is to ascertain the influence of a supervised concurrent exercise intervention from gestational week 17 until birth on key cytokines involved in placental development and function. Secondary aims were to explore: (a) the moderating effects of fetal sex and maternal weight status; and (b) whether gestational weight gain, lifestyle behaviors (diet, sleep patterns, and physical activity), and physical fitness (strength and cardiorespiratory fitness) mediated the effects of exercise on placental cytokines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-six pregnant women (33 ± 4 years, mean ± SD), divided into exercise (n = 40) and control (n = 36) groups, participated in this study. The exercise group followed a 60-min, 3 days/week (aerobic + resistance) training program of moderate-to-vigorous intensity. Placental cytokines-including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA), epidermal growth factor (EGF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), fractalkine, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were analyzed using Luminex multi-analyte profiling (xMAP) technology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The exercise group presented higher placental levels of G-CSF and lower concentrations of EGF and IL-1ra than the control group (p < 0.05). Significant effects of exercise on placental G-CSF and TNF-α (p < 0.05) and a trend toward lower IL-6 (p = 0.08) were observed only in female placentas. Additionally, a reduction in weight gain partially mediated the effects of exercise on G-CSF (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Maternal exercise during pregnancy is related to increased placental levels of G-CSF and lower EGF and IL-1ra levels. Some exercise-induced effects are observed exclusively in female placentas, including increased G-CSF and lower TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations. Notably, the increased levels of G-CSF observed with exercise might be due to a more adequate gestational weight gain.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101082"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are pre-operative exercise interventions for joint arthroplasty effective at improving peri‑operative outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Natasha A Hares, James P Sanders, Dale W Esliger, Jonah J C Thomas, Beatrice Bourron, Heather J MacKinnon, Claire D Madigan","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on pre-operative physical activity before hip and knee arthroplasty is limited and heterogeneous. Intervention components and behavior change techniques remain underexplored. This review examined the effectiveness of pre-operative physical activity interventions on patient and surgical outcomes in elective hip and knee arthroplasty up to 12 weeks post-surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of eight databases up to August 8, 2024 identified randomized controlled trials of physical activity interventions before total hip and knee arthroplasty. Quality of evidence was evaluated with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. Random-effects models were used for meta-analyses. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) was used for detailing the included interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty trials were included. Significant mean differences in favor of the intervention groups were found at pre- and post-surgery in four outcomes: health-related quality of life (Knee pre-surgery SMD = -0.5, 95 % CI: -0.1 to -0.1 and Hip and Knee post-surgery SMD = -0.4, 95 % CI: -0.6 to -0.1), pain (Hip and Knee pre-surgery SMD = -0.4, 95 % CI: -0.6 to -0.1 and Knee post-surgery SMD = -0.3, 95 % CI: -0.6 to -0.1), function (Hip and Knee pre-surgery SMD = -0.5, 95 % CI: -0.8 to -0.2 and Knee post-surgery SMD = -0.6, 95 % CI: -1 to -0.2), and timed-up-and-go (Hip and Knee MD = -1.2, 95 % CI: -2.0 to -0.3 and Hip and Knee MD = -1.3, 95 % CI: -1.7 to -0.8). Half of the interventions reported over 75 % of the TIDieR items, while behavior change techniques reporting was limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pre-operative exercise improves health-related quality of life, pain, and function pre- and post-surgery in elective hip and knee arthroplasty. Standardized reporting is needed for establishing effective intervention components.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101083"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are pre-operative exercise interventions for joint arthroplasty effective at improving peri-operative outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Natasha A Hares,James P Sanders,Dale W Esliger,Jonah J C Thomas,Beatrice Bourron,Heather J MacKinnon,Claire D Madigan","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDEvidence on pre-operative physical activity before hip and knee arthroplasty is limited and heterogeneous. Intervention components and behavior change techniques remain underexplored. This review examined the effectiveness of pre-operative physical activity interventions on patient and surgical outcomes in elective hip and knee arthroplasty up to 12 weeks post-surgery.METHODSA systematic search of 8 databases up to August 8, 2024 identified randomized controlled trials of physical activity interventions before total hip and knee arthroplasty. Quality of evidence was evaluated with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. Random-effects models were used for meta-analyses. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) was used for detailing the included interventions.RESULTSForty trials were included. Significant mean differences in favor of the intervention groups were found at pre- and post-surgery in 4 outcomes: health-related quality of life (Knee pre-surgery SMD = -0.5, 95%CI: -0.1to -0.1 and Hip and Knee post-surgery SMD = -0.4, 95%CI: -0.6 to -0.1), pain (Hip and Knee pre-surgery SMD = -0.4, 95%CI: -0.6 to -0.1 and Knee post-surgery SMD = -0.3, 95%CI: -0.6 to -0.1), function (Hip and Knee pre-surgery SMD = -0.5, 95%CI: -0.8 to -0.2 and Knee post-surgery SMD = -0.6, 95%CI: -1 to -0.2), and timed-up-and-go (Hip and Knee MD = -1.2, 95%CI -2.0 to -0.3 and Hip and Knee MD = -1.3, 95%CI: -1.7 to -0.8). Half of the interventions reported over 75% of the TIDieR items, while behavior change techniques reporting was limited.CONCLUSIONPre-operative exercise improves health-related quality of life, pain, and function pre- and post-surgery in elective hip and knee arthroplasty. Standardized reporting is needed for establishing effective intervention components.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"101083"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144960149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of a supervised exercise training program during pregnancy on placental cytokines, and the potential role of fetal sex and maternal weight status.","authors":"Pedro Acosta-Manzano,Marta Flor-Alemany,Luis J Martínez-González,María Jesús Alvarez-Cubero,Laura Baena-García,Teresa Nestares,Mireille Nm Van Poppel,Virginia A Aparicio","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101082","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on the human placenta are poorly understood. The objective of the current study is to ascertain the influence of a supervised concurrent exercise intervention from gestational week 17 until birth on key cytokines involved in placental development and function. Secondary aims were to explore: (a) the moderating effects of fetal sex and maternal weight status; and (b) whether gestational weight gain, lifestyle behaviors (diet, sleep patterns, and physical activity), and physical fitness (strength and cardiorespiratory fitness) mediated the effects of exercise on placental cytokines.METHODSSeventy-six pregnant women (33 ± 4 years, mean ± SD), divided into exercise (n = 40) and control (n = 36) groups, participated in this study. The exercise group followed a 60-min, 3 days/week (aerobic + resistance) training program of moderate-to-vigorous intensity. Placental cytokines-including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA), epidermal growth factor (EGF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), fractalkine, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were analyzed using Luminex multi-analyte profiling (xMAP) technology.RESULTSThe exercise group presented higher placental levels of G-CSF and lower concentrations of EGF and IL-1ra than the control group (p < 0.05). Significant effects of exercise on placental G-CSF and TNF-α (p < 0.05) and a trend toward lower IL-6 (p = 0.08) were observed only in female placentas. Additionally, a reduction in weight gain partially mediated the effects of exercise on G-CSF (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONMaternal exercise during pregnancy is related to increased placental levels of G-CSF and lower EGF and IL-1ra levels. Some exercise-induced effects are observed exclusively in female placentas, including increased G-CSF and lower TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations. Notably, the increased levels of G-CSF observed with exercise might be due to a more adequate gestational weight gain.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"101082"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with concussion during combatives activities in a military training environment.","authors":"Michael J Aderman,Megan H Roach,Katelyn Ward,Steven R Malvasi,Jeremy D Ross,Steven J Svoboda,Joel Robb,Gerald McGinty,Jonathan Jackson,Rachel M Brodeur,Adam Susmarski,Steve P Broglio,Michael A McCrea,Thomas McAllister,Paul F Pasquina,Kenneth L Cameron","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101081","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDMilitary service members routinely participate in combatives training (boxing, judo, martial arts, and hand-to-hand combat) to acquire and maintain mission essential skills. Despite injury mitigation strategies, high concussion incidence rates of 20.8 concussions per 100 exposures while participating in combative sports have been reported. The purpose of this study was to identify factors potentially associated with greater odds of sustaining a concussion in these combative activities in a military training environment.METHODSA retrospective cohort study was conducted with participants enrolled at 4 military service academies participating in the Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education Consortium from 2014 to 2020. Demographic information (site, varsity status, sport contact level, sex, concussion history, and headache history) and pre-injury baseline assessments (e.g., Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)) were collected at the time of enrollment. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of sustaining a concussion while participating in combatives training during the follow-up period based on these pre-injury characteristics.RESULTSDuring the study period, 17,681 participants (25% female;19.11 ± 1.45 years (mean ± SD) completed a baseline assessment and 484 (35% female;19.88 ± 1.43 years) sustained a concussion during a combatives training. Univariate logistic regression models revealed females (odds ratio (OR) = 1.71; p < 0.001; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.41-2.07), participating in high contact varsity sports (OR = 0.52; p < 0.001; 95%CI: 0.38-0.71), BSI total score (OR = 1.03; p < 0.001; 95%CI: 1.01-1.04), BESS total score (OR = 1.02; p < 0.001; 95%CI: 1.02-1.04), and headache history (OR = 1.43; p < 0.001; 95%CI: 1.18-1.73) were associated with greater odds of sustaining a combatives-related concussion. Multivariable models yielded similar results after controlling for significant covariates.CONCLUSIONFemales, higher BSI and BESS total scores at baseline, and participants with a history of headaches had greater odds of sustaining a combatives-related concussion during the follow-up period. Conversely, participants in high contact varsity sports had lower odds of sustaining a combatives-related concussion. These different variables should be taken into account when designing combatives training programs in a military setting.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"101081"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fitness and exercise effects on brain age: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Lu Wan, Cristina Molina-Hidalgo, Mary E Crisafio, George Grove, Regina L Leckie, Thomas W Kamarck, Chaeryon Kang, Mia DeCataldo, Anna L Marsland, Matthew F Muldoon, Mark R Scudder, Javier Rasero, Peter J Gianaros, Kirk I Erickson","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Midlife lifestyle factors, including physical activity, are associated with late-life brain health, yet the role of aerobic exercise on structural brain health in early and mid-adulthood remains poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the effect of aerobic exercise on structural brain age and to explore potential mediators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a single-blind, 12-month randomized clinical trial, 130 healthy participants aged 26-58 years were randomized into a moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise group or a usual-care control group. The exercise group attended two supervised 60-min sessions per week in a laboratory setting plus engaged in home-based exercise to achieve 150 min of exercise per week. Brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were assessed at baseline and 12 months. Both intention-to-treat (ITT) and completers analyses (including participants who completed post-intervention assessments) were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 130 participants (67.7% female) had an age of 41.28 ± 9.93) years (mean ± SD). At baseline, higher CRF (peak oxygen uptake, VO_2peak) was associated with smaller brain-PAD (β = -0.309, p = 0.012). After the intervention, the exercise group showed a decrease in brain-PAD (estimated mean difference (EMD) = -0.60; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: -1.15 to -0.04; p = 0.034) compared to the control group (EMD = 0.35; 95% CI: -0.21 to 0.92; p = 0.217); time × group interaction (between-group difference [BGD] = -0.95; 95% CI: -1.72 to -0.17; p = 0.019). VO_2peak improved in the exercise group (EMD = 1.60; 95% CI: 0.29-2.90; p = 0.017) compared to the control group (EMD = -0.78; 95% CI: -2.17 to 0.60; p = 0.265); time × group interaction (BGD = 2.38; 95% CI: 0.52-4.25; p = 0.015). Body composition, blood pressure, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were unaffected. None of the proposed pathways statistically mediated the effect of exercise on brain-PAD. The results from completers were similar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Engaging in 12 months of moderate-to-vigorous exercise reduced brain-PAD in early-to-midlife adults. The pathways by which these effects occur remain unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101079"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low relative sit-to-stand power is associated with history of falls and fractures, prospective hospitalization, and all-cause mortality in older adults from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging.","authors":"Mikel Garcia-Aguirre,Ivan Baltasar-Fernandez,Julian Alcazar,Ana Alfaro-Acha,Fabio A Quiñonez-Bareiro,Ignacio Ara,Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas,Francisco J Garcia-Garcia,Luis M Alegre","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101080","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDLow relative sit-to-stand (STS) power has emerged as a critical predictor of adverse health outcomes, such as frailty and disability, in older adults. However, its impact on falls, fractures, hospitalizations, and all-cause mortality remains unclear. Therefore, this longitudinal study aimed to investigate the potential associations between low relative STS power and these adverse health outcomes in older adults.METHODSA total of 1876 older adults (aged ≥ 65 years, 56.4% women) were included from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging. Relative STS power was assessed using the 30-s STS test and the Alcazar equation. Participants were categorized as having low relative STS power based on previously established cut-off points (2.53 W/kg for men and 2.01 W/kg for women). Falls and fractures (hip and all-type) within the previous year were recorded. Hospitalizations and all-cause mortality were obtained during a follow-up of 6.8 ± 3.1 years (mean ± SD; median = 7.8 years; interquartile range: 3.9-10.1 years) and 9.7 ± 3.5 years (median = 10.9 years; interquartile range: 8.2-12.5 years), respectively. Generalized linear mixed models, binary logistic regression, and proportional hazards regression adjusted for age, educational level, and comorbidities were used.RESULTSIn men, low relative STS power was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of history of falls (odds ratio (OR) = 1.73, 95% confidence internal (95%CI): 1.08-2.75, p = 0.022) and all-type fractures (OR = 1.86, 95%CI:1.21-2.84, p = 0.004) in the previous year. In women, low relative STS power was associated with a higher probability of hip fractures within the previous year (OR = 3.25, 95%CI: 1.07-9.86, p = 0.038). Low relative STS power predicted hospitalizations in women (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.29, 95%CI: 1.06-1.58, p = 0.012) and longer hospital stays in both men (p = 0.020) and women (p = 0.033). Low relative STS power significantly increased all-cause mortality in both men (HR = 1.57, 95%CI: 1.26-1.97, p < 0.001) and women (HR = 2.04, 95%CI: 1.51-2.74, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONLow relative STS power was associated with history of hip fractures in women, whereas in men it was associated with history of falls and all-type fractures. Low relative STS power predicted hospitalizations in women but not in men. In both men and women, low relative STS power was associated with longer hospital stays and increased risk of all-cause mortality.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"16 1","pages":"101080"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensity modifies the association between continuous bouts of physical activity and risk of mortality: A prospective UK Biobank cohort analysis.","authors":"Alex V Rowlands, Fabian Schwendinger, Cameron Razieh, Joe Henson, Jonathan Goldney, Andrew P Kingsnorth, Melanie Davies, Kamlesh Khunti, Francesco Zaccardi, Tom Yates","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent evidence suggests continuous bouts of physical activity (PA) are associated with longevity. We hypothesized the risk of mortality would be lower when the most active minutes of the day were in a continuous bout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PA was assessed using accelerometery in UK Biobank participants. The intensity of the most active continuous (MX_CONT) and accumulated (MX) X min of the day, and their ratio (MX_RATIO = MX_CONT/MX), were determined. MX_RATIO indicates how the most active minutes of the day are accumulated, ranging from a single continuous bout through to sporadic accumulation spread across the day. Durations (X) considered ranged from 1 to 20 min. The outcome was mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 94,541 participants (56.5% female) were included. Over a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 6.9 (6.3,7.4) years, 2649 (2.8%) deaths occurred. Intensity moderated the association between how the most active minutes of the day were accumulated and mortality risk, expressed relative to sporadically accumulated moderate PA. If the most active minutes were of moderate intensity, the risk of mortality was halved for continuous compared to sporadic accumulation, irrespective of duration; if the most active minutes were of vigorous intensity, a continuous bout was associated with the lowest risk for durations under 5 min (e.g., 3 min: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.27, [95%confidence interval {95%CI}: 0.21-0.34]), while sporadic accumulation was associated with the lowest risk for durations beyond 5 min (HR = 0.11,[95%CI: 0.08-0.15] for the most active 20 min).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optimal PA patterns for reducing mortality differ by intensity and duration. For moderate-intensity PA, a lower mortality risk may be optimized by prioritizing continuous PA for up to 20 min. However, for vigorous-intensity PA, multiple short bouts (< 5 min) may be optimal. This suggests tailored PA recommendations may enhance longevity benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101078"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise suppresses osteoclastogenesis by increasing the secretion of muscle-derived L-β-aminoisobutyric acid.","authors":"Zhi-Wei Huang,Yong-Peng Yu,Xin-Rong He,Yun-Biao Chen,Xin Xiang,Hong-Zhou Li,Zhi-Hai Cai,Jia-Yi Zhang,Di-Zheng Wu,Guo-Zheng Zhu,Jia-Wen Gao,Gui-Xing Cai,Sheng Yang,Chen Tu,Zhao-Ming Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101077","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDExercise is a key strategy for combating bone loss in individuals with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). L-β-aminoisobutyric acid (L-BAIBA), an exercise-responsive myokine, is secreted at elevated levels during physical activity. However, the role of exercise-induced L-BAIBA secretion in PMOP remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of L-BAIBA in mitigating bone loss using an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse exercise-induced model.METHODSAn OVX mouse model was established to simulate PMOP. Primary bone marrow-derived macrophages, murine muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and cultured. We hypothesized that exercise-induced L-BAIBA release would attenuate PMOP by suppressing osteoclastogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we conducted the following experiments: (a) measured plasma L-BAIBA concentrations, femoral morphology and biomechanical properties, and bone resorption markers in OVX mice following 8 weeks of treadmill exercise, and assessed osteoclast induction in vitro induction using conditioned co-cultures of stretched primary MuSCs; (b) repeated the same measurements after 8 weeks of daily L-BAIBA administration (150 mg/kg) to OVX mice; (c) investigated molecular signaling pathways associated with L-BAIBA action; and (d) examined the correlation between L-BAIBA plasma concentration and bone mineral density (BMD) in women with PMOP.RESULTSExercise increased L-BAIBA secretion, suppressed osteoclastogenesis, and reduced bone loss in OVX mice. L-BAIBA supplementation similarly inhibited osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, L-BAIBA acted through the taurine transporter solute carrier family 6 member 6 (SLC6A6), downregulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling, and activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) anti-oxidant system. L-BAIBA levels were significantly reduced in women with PMOP and positively correlated with BMD.CONCLUSIONExercise suppresses osteoclastogenesis by enhancing L-BAIBA secretion. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the skeletal benefits of exercise and highlight L-BAIBA's therapeutic potential as a novel agent for managing PMOP.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"101077"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144819605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Prehabilitation during neoadjuvant chemotherapy results in an enhanced immune response in esophageal adenocarcinoma tumors: A randomized controlled trial\".","authors":"Huixin Pan, Youhan Liu, Jing Zhang, Xin Zhou, Qinglu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101076"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}