Journal of Sport and Health Science最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Should workers be physically active after work? Associations of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels-An individual participant data meta-analysis\" (J Sport Health Sci 14 [2025] 100987).","authors":"Bart Cillekens, Pieter Coenen, Maaike A Huysmans","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101037"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits and harms of exercise therapy and physical activity for low back pain: An umbrella review.","authors":"Josielli Comachio, Paula R Beckenkamp, Emma Kwan-Yee Ho, Christina Abdel Shaheed, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Manuela Loureiro Ferreira, Qianwen Lan, Paul Jarle Mork, Andreas Holtermann, Daniel Xin Mo Wang, Paulo H Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this umbrella review is to synthesize the evidence from systematic reviews on the benefits and harms of exercise therapy and physical activity (PA) for the secondary prevention and management of low back pain (LBP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An umbrella review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise therapy and PA in the management and secondary prevention of LBP. A systematic search was performed in Medline via Ovid, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), including reference lists of relevant reviews, covering studies published between January 2010 and May 20, 2024. Eligible studies were systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials and observational studies, with or without meta-analyses. The primary outcome for secondary prevention was LBP recurrence, while for management, primary outcomes included pain intensity and disability, with adverse events as secondary outcomes. Data were extracted across immediate, short-term, intermediate, and long-term follow-up periods. The GRADE framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence, and the AMSTAR tool was applied by 2 independent reviewers (JC, QL, and/or DXMW) to evaluate the quality of the included reviews. The study was prospectively registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) (registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/9P).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70 systematic reviews were included, 43 with meta-analyses, 7 with network meta-analyses, and 20 without meta-analyses. Six (out of 10) reviews with meta-analyses for secondary prevention indicated a small benefit from general exercises and leisure-time PA (low-to-moderate certainty). For LBP management, 35 (out of 36) reviews reported that exercise therapies such as Pilates, motor control, mixed exercise, Tai Chi, water-based exercises, and yoga showed small beneficial effects on pain and disability compared to minimal intervention mainly in the short-term (low-to-moderate certainty). Seven network meta-analyses favored motor control and Pilates over other forms of exercise to reduce pain (low certainty). Adverse events were reported in less than 31% of the reviews, predominantly involving post-exercise soreness and temporary increases in pain, mainly in yoga-related studies. Adverse events were considered minor, and no serious adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is low-to-moderate certainty that exercise therapy and leisure-time PA are beneficial for improving pain and preventing the recurrence of LBP. However, evidence on the potential harms of these interventions is limited, and adverse events related to exercise and PA remain under-investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101038"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise on inflammation, circulating tumor cells, and circulating tumor DNA in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Justin C Brown, Stephanie L E Compton, Andrew Kang, Anjana Jayaraman, L Anne Gilmore, Brian J Kirby, Frank L Greenway, Shengping Yang, Guillaume Spielmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The biological mechanisms by which postdiagnosis physical activity improves disease-free survival in colorectal cancer survivors remain incompletely understood. This trial tested the hypothesis that 12 wk of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, when compared with a control group, would change inflammation, CTCs, and ctDNA in a manner consistent with an improved cancer prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This trial randomized Stages I-III colorectal cancer survivors to 12 wk of home-based moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or a waitlist control group. The co-primary endpoints were high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), secondary endpoints were soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 2 (sTNFαR2) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and the exploratory endpoint was tumor fraction quantified from circulating tumor DNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty subjects were randomized (age = 60.6 ± 10.8 years, mean ± SD; 39 (65%) females; 46 (77%) colonic primary tumor), and 59 (98%) subjects completed the study. Over 12 wk, exercise adherence was 92% (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 86‒99). Exercise improved submaximal fitness capacity (0.36 metabolic equivalents; 95%CI: 0.05‒0.67; p = 0.025) and objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (34.8%, 95%CI: 11.3‒63.1; p = 0.002) compared to control. Exercise did not change hs-CRP (20.9%, 95%CI: -17.1 to 76.2; p = 0.32), IL-6 (11.4%, 95%CI: -7.5 to 34.0; p = 0.25), or sTNFαR2 (-3.6%, 95%CI: -13.7 to 7.7; p = 0.52) compared to control. In the subgroup of subjects with elevated baseline hs-CRP (n = 35, 58.3%), aerobic exercise reduced hs-CRP (-35.5%, 95%CI: -55.3 to -3.8; p = 0.031). Exercise did not change CTCs (0.59 cells/mL, 95%CI: -0.33 to 1.51; p = 0.21) or tumor fraction (0.0005, 95%CI: -0.0024 to 0.0034; p = 0.73). In exploratory analyses, higher aerobic exercise adherence correlated with a reduction in CTCs (ρ = -0.37, 95%CI: -0.66 to -0.08; p = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Colorectal cancer survivors achieved high adherence to a home-based moderate-intensity aerobic exercise prescription that improved fitness capacity and physical activity but did not reduce inflammation or change tumor endpoints from a liquid biopsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101036"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The merit of superimposed vibration for flexibility and passive stiffness: A systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis.","authors":"Daniel Jochum, Andreas Konrad, Lars H Lohmann, Darryl Cochrane, Jörn Rittweger, Viola Vogel, Konstantin Warneke","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to its high relevance in sports and rehabilitation, the exploration of interventions to further optimize flexibility becomes paramount. While stretching might be the most common way to enhance range of motion, these increases could be optimized by imposing an additional activation of the muscle, such as mechanical vibratory stimulation. While several original articles provide promising findings, contradictory results on flexibility and underlying mechanisms (e.g., stiffness), reasonable effect size (ES) pooling remains scarce. With this work we systematically reviewed the available literature to explore the possibility of potentiating flexibility, stiffness, and passive torque adaptations by superimposing mechanical vibration stimulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of 4 databases (Web of ScienceTM, MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane Public Library) was conducted until December 2023 to identify studies comparing mechanical vibratory interventions with passive controls or the same intervention without vibration (sham) on range of motion and passive muscle stiffness in acute (immediate effects after single session) and chronic conditions (multiple sessions over a period of time). ES pooling was conducted using robust variance estimation via R to account for multiple study outcomes. Potential moderators of effects were analyzed using meta regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 65 studies (acute: 1160 participants, chronic: 788 participants) were included. There was moderate certainty of evidence for acute flexibility (ES = 0.71, p < 0.001) and stiffness (ES = -0.89, p = 0.006) effects of mechanical vibration treatments vs. passive controls without meaningful results against the sham condition (flexibility: ES = 0.20, p < 0.001; stiffness: ES = -0.19, p = 0.076). Similarly, moderate certainty of evidence was found for chronic vibration effects on flexibility (control: ES = 0.64, p = 0.043; sham: ES = 0.65, p < 0.001). Lack of studies and large outcome heterogeneity prevented ES pooling for underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vibration improved flexibility in acute and chronic interventions compared to the stand-alone intervention, which can possibly be attributed to an accumulated mechanical stimulus through vibration. However, studies on biological mechanisms are needed to explain flexibility and stiffness effects in response to specific vibration modalities and timing.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101033"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toe-out landing reduces anterior talofibular ligament strain while maintains calcaneofibular ligament strain in people with chronic ankle instability.","authors":"Xiaoxue Zhu, Feng Wei, Simin Li, Teng Zhang, Peixin Shen, Daniel Tp Fong, Qipeng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) are vulnerable to be torn or ruptured during lateral ankle sprain (LAS), especially in people with chronic ankle instability (CAI). This study aims to determine whether landing with a larger toe-out angle would influence ATFL and CFL strains in people with CAI, aiming to contribute to the development of effective landing strategies to reduce LAS risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty participants with CAI (22 males and 8 females, age: 21.6 ± 1.5 years, height: 175.3 ± 7.1 cm, body mass: 70.8 ± 7.1 kg, mean ± SD) were recruited. Each participant landed on a specialized trap-door device with their unaffected limbs on a support platform and their affected limbs on a movable platform, which could be flipped 24° inward and 15° forward to mimic LAS conditions. Two landing conditions were tested-i.e., natural landing (NL, with natural toe-out angle at landing) and toe-out landing (TL, with toe-out angle increased to over 150% of that under the NL conditions). Kinematic data were captured using a 12-camera motion analysis system, and ATFL and CFL strains were calculated using a 3D rigid-body foot model. Paired sample t tests and Pearson's correlations were used to analyze data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to NL conditions, ATFL strain decreased (p < 0.001, d = 2.42) while CFL strain remained unchanged (p = 0.229, d = 0.09) under TL conditions. The toe-out angle was negatively and strongly correlated with ATFL strain (r = -0.743, p < 0.001) but not with CFL strain (r = 0.153, p = 0.251). Compared to NL conditions, participants exhibit a lower ankle inversion angle (p < 0.001, d = 0.494), a higher plantarflexion angle (p < 0.001, d = 1.101), and no significant difference in external rotation angle (p = 0.571, d = 0.133) under TL conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Toe-out landing may reduce ATFL strain while maintaining CFL strain in people with CAI, thereby reducing the risk of LAS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101035"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress and nitric oxide metabolism responses during prolonged high-altitude exposure in preterm born adults.","authors":"Marie Chambion-Diaz, Giorgio Manferdelli, Benjamin J Narang, Guido Giardini, Tadej Debevec, Vincent Pialoux, Grégoire P Millet","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prematurely-born individuals tend to exhibit higher resting oxidative stress, although evidence suggests they may be more resistant to acute hypoxia-induced redox balance alterations. We aimed to investigate the redox balance changes across a 3-day hypobaric hypoxic exposure at 3375 m in healthy adults born preterm (gestational age ≤32 weeks) and their term-born (gestational age ≥38 weeks) counterparts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resting venous blood was obtained in normoxia (prior to altitude exposure), immediately upon arrival to altitude, and the following 3 mornings. Antioxidant (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)), pro-oxidant (xanthine oxidase (XO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)) enzyme activity, oxidative stress markers (advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) and malondialdehyde (MDA)), nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (nitrites, nitrates, and total nitrite and nitrate (NOx)), and nitrotyrosine were measured in plasma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SOD increased only in the preterm group (p < 0.05). Catalase increased at arrival in preterm group (p < 0.05). XO activity increased at Day 3 for the preterm group, while it increased acutely (arrival and Day 1) in control group. MPO increased in both groups throughout the 3 days (p < 0.05). AOPP only increased at arrival in the preterm (p < 0.05) whereas it decreased at arrival up to Day 3 (p < 0.05) for control. MDA decreased in control group from arrival onward. Nitrotyrosine decreased in both groups (p < 0.05). Nitrites increased on Day 3 (p < 0.05) in control group and decreased on Day 1 (p < 0.05) in preterm group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data indicate that antioxidant enzymes seem to increase immediately upon hypoxic exposure in preterm adults. Conversely, the blunted pro-oxidant enzyme response to prolonged hypoxia exposure suggests that these enzymes may be less sensitive in preterm individuals. These findings lend further support to the potential hypoxic preconditioning effect of preterm birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101034"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between physical activity and incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is modified by predicted cardiovascular risk: The China-PAR project.","authors":"Tao Zhou, Chenxi Yuan, Chong Shen, Shufeng Chen, Jianxin Li, Keyong Huang, Xueli Yang, Xiaoqing Liu, Jie Cao, Ling Yu, Yingxin Zhao, Xianping Wu, Liancheng Zhao, Ying Li, Dongsheng Hu, Jianfeng Huang, Dongfeng Gu, Xiangfeng Lu, Fangchao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It remains unclear whether the cardiovascular benefits of physical activity (PA) vary across populations with different predicted atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risks. This study aimed to determine the modification of predicted cardiovascular risk on the association between PA and ASCVD incidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 94,734 participants without ASCVD in the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR) project were included, with a median follow-up of 6.0 years. PA volume (metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-h/day) and intensity (%, percentage of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA)) were assessed by questionnaires. Based on the ASCVD 10-year and lifetime risk prediction scores, participants were classified into low-to-medium-risk and high-risk groups. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for ASCVD were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During 679,438 person-years of follow-up, 3470 ASCVD events occurred. Higher PA volume was associated with lower ASCVD incidence, which was more pronounced among high-predicted-risk individuals than their low-to-medium-risk counterparts, with HRs (95%CIs) of 0.58 (0.50-0.67) and 0.62 (0.53-0.71) for the highest vs. lowest quartiles of PA volume, respectively. Additionally, analyses for PA intensity showed similar results. Compared with inactive individuals, there was a 32% (95%CI: 25%-38%) and 23% (95%CI: 13%-32%) risk reduction in high- and low-to-medium-risk groups, respectively, when over half of the PA volume was from MVPA. Furthermore, the additive interactions between PA and predicted risk indicated a further risk reduction by increasing PA, especially MVPA, in high-risk individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Engaging in more PA, especially MVPA, reduced the risk of ASCVD incidence, with greater benefits among high-risk individuals. These findings emphasize the imperative for personalized PA recommendations tailored to distinct risk populations-in particular, reinforcing PA guidance for high-risk individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101031"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exerkines: Potential regulators of ferroptosis.","authors":"Min Jia, Fengxing Li, Tong Wu, Ning Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ferroptosis is a programmed cell death, and its mechanism involves multiple metabolic pathways, such as iron and lipid metabolism, and redox homeostasis. Exerkines are important mediators that optimize cellular homeostasis and maintain physiological health during exercise stimulation. This article comprehensively examines the mechanisms and regulatory networks for governing ferroptosis and summarizes the impact of exercise and exerkines on ferroptosis under varying load intensities and disease contexts. Notably, despite its significant efficacy and minimal side effects, the therapeutic and prognostic potential of exercise in ferroptosis-related diseases remains largely unexplored. This article, by summarizing recent progresses in the regulation of exerkines-mediated ferroptosis, could further uncover the preventive or alleviative mechanisms of some diseases upon exercise interventions, which will be beneficial to design exercise interventional strategies for alleviating disease progression through the regulation of ferroptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101032"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological adaptations and performance enhancement with combined blood flow restricted and interval training: A systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Mingyue Yin, Shengji Deng, Jianfeng Deng, Kai Xu, George P Nassis, Olivier Girard, Yongming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to determine: (a) the chronic effects of interval training (IT) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) on physiological adaptations (aerobic/anaerobic capacity and muscle responses) and performance enhancement (endurance and sprints), and (b) the influence of participant characteristics and intervention protocols on these effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science (Core Collection), Cochrane Library (Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure on April 2, with updates on October 17, 2024. Pooled effects for each outcome were summarized using Hedge's g (g) through meta-analysis-based random effects models, and subgroup and regression analyses were used to explore moderators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24 studies with 621 participants were included. IT combined with BFR (IT+BFR) significantly improved maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) (g = 0.63, I² = 63%), mean power during the Wingate 30-s test (g = 0.70, I² = 47%), muscle strength (g = 0.88, I² = 64%), muscle endurance (g = 0.43, I² = 0%), time to fatigue (g = 1.26, I² = 86%), and maximal aerobic speed (g = 0.74, I² = 0%) compared to IT alone. Subgroup analysis indicated that participant characteristics including training status, IT intensity, and IT modes significantly moderated VO_2max (subgroup differences: p < 0.05). Specifically, IT+BFR showed significantly superior improvements in VO_2max compared to IT alone in trained individuals (g = 0.76) at supra-maximal intensity (g = 1.29) and moderate intensity (g = 1.08) as well as in walking (g = 1.64) and running (g = 0.63) modes. Meta-regression analysis showed cuff width (β = 0.14) was significantly associated with VO_2max change, identifying 8.23 cm as the minimum threshold required for significant improvement. Subgroup analyses regarding muscle strength did not reveal any significant moderators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IT+BFR enhances physiological adaptations and optimizes aspects of endurance performance, with moderators including training status, IT protocol (intensity, mode, and type), and cuff width. This intervention addresses various IT-related challenges and provides tailored protocols and benefits for diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101030"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A primer on global molecular responses to exercise in skeletal muscle: Omics in focus.","authors":"Kevin A Murach, James R Bagley","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in skeletal muscle omics has expanded our understanding of exercise-induced adaptations at the molecular level. Over the past 2 decades, transcriptome studies in muscle have detailed acute and chronic responses to resistance, endurance, and concurrent exercise, focusing on variables such as training status, nutrition, age, sex, and metabolic health profile. Multi-omics approaches, such as the integration of transcriptomic and epigenetic data, along with emerging ribosomal RNA sequencing advancements, have further provided insights into how skeletal muscle adapts to exercise across the lifespan. Downstream of the transcriptome, proteomic and phosphoproteomic studies have identified novel regulators of exercise adaptations, while single-cell/nucleus and spatial sequencing technologies promise to evolve our understanding of cellular specialization and communication in and around skeletal muscle cells. This narrative review highlights (a) the historical foundations of exercise omics in skeletal muscle, (b) current research at 3 layers of the omics cascade (DNA, RNA, and protein), and (c) applications of single-cell omics and spatial sequencing technologies to study skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise. Further elaboration of muscle's global molecular footprint using multi-omics methods will help researchers and practitioners develop more effective and targeted approaches to improve skeletal muscle health as well as athletic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101029"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}