Journal of Sport and Health Science最新文献

{"title":"Does eccentric strength training add sarcomeres in series and subtract sarcomeres in parallel?","authors":"Bart Bolsterlee, Paolo Tecchio, Daniel Hahn, Brent J Raiteri","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101020"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of adiposity and device-measured physical activity with cancer incidence: UK Biobank prospective cohort study.","authors":"Miguel Adriano Sanchez-Lastra, Tessa Strain, Ding Ding, Knut Eirik Dalene, Borja Del Pozo Cruz, Ulf Ekelund, Jakob Tarp","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High adiposity and low physical activity are associated with cancer risk. Whether different amounts and intensities of physical activity can mitigate this association is unclear. We aimed to examine the independent and combined associations of adiposity and device-measured physical activity levels of different intensities with cancer incidence and mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included data from 70,747 UK Biobank participants (mean age 61.6 ± 7.9 years, 56.4% women) with wrist-worn accelerometer measurements of physical activity and without chronic diseases or mobility limitations. Physical activity exposures included min per week of light (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA), and vigorous (VPA) intensity physical activity, along with total weekly volume. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from anthropometric measurements. Participants were categorized into 9 groups based on joint tertiles of physical activity and BMI categories (normal weight, overweight, and obesity). Secondary analyses included adiposity using bio-impedance and waist circumference measurements. The outcome was incidence and death from cancer retrieved from national registries. Associations between adiposity, physical activity, and cancer hazard were calculated as subdistribution hazard ratios. A secondary analysis focused on cancer types strongly associated with physical activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed 2625 events (2572 non-fatal and 53 fatal) during a median follow-up of 6.1 years. Compared with the referent (normal weight and high physical activity), overweight and obesity were associated with a 6% to 36% higher cancer hazard across physical activity intensities. However, high MVPA and VPA (approximately 500 min and 32 min per week in the top tertiles, respectively) attenuated the hazard associated with overweight and obesity. Being normal weight was not associated with a higher cancer hazard regardless of physical activity level. The results were similar, although more pronounced, when modeling cancer types strongly associated with physical activity as the outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High MVPA and VPA levels may attenuate the association of overweight and obesity with cancer hazard, but maintaining a normal weight seems comparatively more important than physical activity to reduce the hazard. Maintaining a healthy body weight and engaging in physical activity is needed to minimize risk of some cancer types.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101018"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International norms for adult handgrip strength: A systematic review of data on 2.4 million adults aged 20 to 100+ years from 69 countries and regions","authors":"Grant R. Tomkinson, Justin J. Lang, Lukáš Rubín, Ryan McGrath, Bethany Gower, Terry Boyle, Marilyn G. Klug, Alexandra J. Mayhew, Henry T. Blake, Francisco B. Ortega, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Costan G. Magnussen, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Tetsuhiro Kidokoro, Yang Liu, Kaare Christensen, Darryl P. Leong, The iGRIPS (International handGRIP Strength) Group, Mette Aadahl, Edimansyah Abdin, Julian Alcazar, Aqeel Alenazi, Bader Alqahtani, Cledir De A. Amaral, Thatiana L.M. Amaral, Alex Andrade Fernandes, Peter Axelsson, Jennifer N. Baldwin, Karin Bammann, Aline R. Barbosa, Ameline Bardo, Inosha Bimali, Peter Bjerregaard, Martin Bobak, Colin A. Boreham, Klaus Bös, João Carlos Bouzas Marins, Joshua Burns, Nadezda Capkova, Lilia Castillo-Martínez, Liang-Kung Chen, Siu Ming Choi, Rebecca K.J. Choong, Susana C. Confortin, Cyrus Cooper, Jorge E. Correa-Bautista, Amandine Cournil, Grace Cruz, Eling D. de Bruin, José Antonio De Paz, Bruno De Souza Moreira, Luiz Antonio Dos Anjos, María Cristina Enríquez Reyna, Eduardo Ferriolli, Gillian Forrester, Elena Frolova, Abadi K. Gebre, Atef M. Ghaleb, Tiffany K. Gill, Yasuyuki Gondo, M. Cristina Gonzalez, Citlali Gonzalez Alvarez, Mary K. Hannah, Nicholas C. Harvey, Jean-Yves Hogrel, Marie-Theres Huemer, Toshiko Iidaka, Lewis A. Ingram, Dmitri A. Jdanov, Victoria L. Keevil, Wolfgang Kemmler, Rose Anne Kenny, Dae-Yeon Kim, Tracy L. Kivell, Ingirid G.H. Kjær, Alexander Kluttig, Rumi Kozakai, Danit Langer, Lisbeth A. Larsen, Wei-Ju Lee, David A. Leon, Eric Lichtenstein, Bertis B. Little, Roberto Alves Lourenço, Rahul Malhotra, Robert M. Malina, Kiyoaki Matsumoto, Tal Mazor-Karsenty, Marnee J. McKay, Sinéad McLoughlin, Abhishek L. Mensegere, Mostafa Mohammadian, Virgilio Garcia Moreira, Hiroshi Murayama, Anne Murray, Anita Liberalesso Neri, Claudia Niessner, Gabriel Núñez Othón, Gabriel Olveira, Suzanne G. Orchard, Andrezj Pajak, Chan Woong Park, Julie A. Pasco, Maria E. Peña Reyes, Leani Souza Máximo Pereira, Annette Peters, Eric Tsz-Chun Poon, Margareth C. Portela, Jedd Pratt, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Wendy Rodríguez-García, Joanne Ryan, Mauricio A. San-Martín, Francisco José Sánchez-Torralvo, Mahnaz Saremi, Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, Satoshi Seino, Shamsul Azhar Shah, Marc Sim, Bjørn Heine Strand, Mythily Subramaniam, Charlotte Suetta, Sophia X. Sui, Jonas S. Sundarakumar, Koya Suzuki, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Maw Pin Tan, Yu Taniguchi, Barbara Thorand, Anna Turusheva, Anne Therese Tveter, Jonathan Wagner, Dao Wang, Stuart J. Warden, Julia Wearing, Shiou Liang Wee, Leo D. Westbury, Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej, Alexander Woll, Noriko Yoshimura, Ruby Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101014","url":null,"abstract":"Muscular strength is a powerful marker of current health status and robust predictor of age-related disease and disability. Handgrip strength (HGS) using isometric dynamometry is a convenient, feasible, and widely used method of assessing muscular strength among people of all ages. While adult HGS norms have been published for many countries, no study has yet synthesized available data to produce international norms. The objective of this study was to generate international sex- and age-specific norms for absolute and body size-normalized HGS across the adult lifespan.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of exercise for patients with advanced lung cancer and cancer-related fatigue: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Yidan Hu, Shanshan Gu, Zhijun Bu, Zhaolan Liu, Jing Dong, Jiyan Shi, Yun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101017","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a significant burden for patients with advanced lung cancer. While exercise is recommended for managing CRF during pre- and active treatment phases, evidence supporting its efficacy in advanced stage remains limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effects of exercise on CRF and its common complications in patients with advanced lung cancer.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large language models' performances regarding common patient questions about osteoarthritis: A comparative analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and perplexity.","authors":"Mingde Cao, Qianwen Wang, Xueyou Zhang, Zuru Lang, Jihong Qiu, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung, Michael Tim-Yun Ong","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained much attention and, in part, have replaced common search engines as a popular channel for obtaining information due to their contextually relevant responses. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common topic in skeletal muscle disorders, and patients often seek information about it online. Our study evaluated the ability of 3 LLMs (ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and Perplexity) to accurately answer common OA-related queries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We defined 6 themes (pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, and prognosis) based on a generalization of 25 frequently asked questions about OA. Three consultant-level orthopedic specialists independently rated the LLMs' replies on a 4-point accuracy scale. The final ratings for each response were determined using a majority consensus approach. Responses classified as \"satisfactory\" were evaluated for comprehensiveness on a 5-point scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT-4.0 demonstrated superior accuracy, with 64% of responses rated as \"excellent\", compared to 40% for ChatGPT-3.5 and 28% for Perplexity (Pearson's chi-squared test with Fisher's exact test, all p < 0.001). All 3 LLM-chatbots had high mean comprehensiveness ratings (Perplexity = 3.88; ChatGPT-4.0 = 4.56; ChatGPT-3.5 = 3.96, out of a maximum score of 5). The LLM-chatbots performed reliably across domains, except for \"treatment and prevention\" However, ChatGPT-4.0 still outperformed ChatGPT-3.5 and Perplexity, garnering 53.8% \"excellent\" ratings (Pearson's chi-squared test with Fisher's exact test, all p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings underscore the potential of LLMs, specifically ChatGPT-4.0 and Perplexity, to deliver accurate and thorough responses to OA-related queries. Targeted correction of specific misconceptions to improve the accuracy of LLMs remains crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101016"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there sensitive periods for physical activity to influence the development of executive function in children?","authors":"Joseph M Northey, Lauren B Raine, Charles H Hillman","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functions emerge throughout childhood and shape multiple cognitive and behavioral outcomes across the lifespan. Given the importance of these functions, there is considerable interest in understanding the role of environmental enrichment to support their development. The past 20 years have seen the emergence of a body of evidence around the beneficial effects of engaging in physical activity for executive functioning in children. Despite this, there are still unanswered questions, particularly about the confounding effects of the timing and dose of exercise-based interventions. During development, sensitive periods with heightened neural plasticity and sensitivity to environmental influences can offer an optimal time to introduce enrichment interventions. As such, sensitive periods for executive function could indicate an ideal time to introduce physical activity or be a potential confounder to study results if not considered. This narrative review discusses the potential presence of sensitive periods in preadolescent development where physical activity has greater benefits for executive function. Initially, we briefly review the largely parallel fields investigating the presence of sensitive periods for executive function and the effects of physical activity on executive function outcomes. We then bring together these 2 concepts to discuss the theoretical basis for developmentally sensitive periods during which children may be particularly amenable to physical activity-based interventions and offer potential ways forward to investigate this phenomenon. We hope this review will attract researchers to collaborate in the area and extend our current understanding of the development of executive functions as well as interventions like physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101015"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Can changes in midsole bending stiffness of shoes affect the onset of joint work redistribution during a prolonged run?\" [J Sport Health Sci 11 (2022) 293-302].","authors":"Sasa Cigoja, Jared R Fletcher, Benno M Nigg","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101013"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery for monitoring and surveillance among children and adolescents: A modified Delphi consensus project with 169 experts from 50 countries and territories.","authors":"Francisco B Ortega, Kai Zhang, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Mark S Tremblay, Gregor Jurak, Grant R Tomkinson, Jonatan R Ruiz, Katja Keller, Christine Delisle Nyström, Jennifer M Sacheck, Russell Pate, Kathryn L Weston, Tetsuhiro Kidokoro, Eric T Poon, Lucy-Joy M Wachira, Ronald Ssenyonga, Thayse Natacha Q F Gomes, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Brooklyn J Fraser, Claudia Niessner, Vincent O Onywera, Yang Liu, Li-Lin Liang, Stephanie A Prince, David R Lubans, Justin J Lang","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence is associated with a variety of health outcomes and is a powerful marker of current and future health. However, inconsistencies in tests and protocols limit international monitoring and surveillance. The objective of the study was to seek international consensus on a proposed, evidence-informed, Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery and protocols for health monitoring and surveillance in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an international modified Delphi study to evaluate the level of agreement with a proposed, evidence-based, YFIT of core health-related fitness tests and protocols to be used worldwide in 6- to 18-year-olds. This proposal was based on previous European and North American projects that systematically reviewed the existing evidence to identify the most valid, reliable, health-related, safe, and feasible fitness tests to be used in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. We designed a single-panel modified Delphi study and invited 216 experts from all around the world to answer this Delphi survey, of whom one-third are from low-to-middle income countries and one-third are women. Four experts were involved in the piloting of the survey and did not participate in the main Delphi study to avoid bias. We pre-defined an agreement of ≥80% among the expert participants to achieve consensus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We obtained a high response rate (78%) with a total of 169 fitness experts from 50 countries and territories, including 63 women and 61 experts from low- or middle-income countries/territories. Consensus (>85% agreement) was achieved for all proposed tests and protocols, supporting the YFIT battery, which includes weight and height (to compute body mass index as a proxy of body size/composition), the 20-m shuttle run (cardiorespiratory fitness), handgrip strength, and standing long jump (muscular fitness).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study contributes to standardizing fitness tests and protocols used for research, monitoring, and surveillance across the world, which will allow for future data pooling and the development of international and regional sex- and age-specific reference values, health-related cut-points, and a global picture of fitness among children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101012"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does ischemic preconditioning enhance sports performance more than placebo or no intervention? A systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Hiago L R Souza, Géssyca T Oliveira, Anderson Meireles, Marcelo P Dos Santos, João G Vieira, Rhai A Arriel, Stephen D Patterson, Moacir Marocolo","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is purported to have beneficial effects on athletic performance, although findings are inconsistent, with some studies reporting placebo effects. The majority of studies have investigated IPC alongside a placebo condition, but without a control condition that was devoid of experimental manipulation, thereby limiting accurate determination of the IPC effects. Therefore, the aims of this study wereto assess the impact of the IPC intervention, compared to both placebo and no intervention, on exercise capacity and athletic performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) covering records from their inception until July 2023 was conducted. To qualify for inclusion, studies had to apply IPC as an acute intervention, comparing it with placebo and/or control conditions. Outcomes of interest were performance (force, number of repetitions, power, time to exhaustion, and time trial performance), physiological measurements (maximum oxygen consumption, and heart rate), or perceptual measurements (RPE). For each outcome measure, we conducted 3 independent meta-analyses (IPC vs. placebo, IPC vs. control, placebo vs. control) using an inverse-variance random-effects model. The between-treatment effects were quantified by the standardized mean difference (SMD), accompanied by their respective 95% confidence intervals. Additionally, we employed the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to assess the level of certainty in the evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-nine studies were included in the quantitative analysis. Overall, IPC demonstrates a comparable effect to the placebo condition (using a low-pressure tourniquet), irrespective of the subjects'training level (all outcomes presenting p > 0.05), except for the outcome of time to exhaustion, which exhibits a small magnitude effect (SMD = 0.37; p = 0.002). Additionally, the placebo exhibited effects notably greater than the control condition (outcome: number of repetitions; SMD=0.45; p = 0.03), suggesting a potential influence of participants' cognitive perception on the outcomes. However, the evidence is of moderate to low certainty, regardless of the comparison or outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IPC has significant effects compared to the control intervention, but it did not surpass the placebo condition. Its administration might be influenced by the cognitive perception of the receiving subject, and the efficacy of IPC as an ergogenic strategy for enhancing exercise capacity and athletic performance remains questionable.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101010"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron deficiency, supplementation, and sports performance in female athletes: A systematic review.","authors":"Michael Pengelly, Kate Pumpa, David Bruce Pyne, Naroa Etxebarria","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron facilitates key biological functions underpinning sports performance, and up to 60% of female athletes experience iron deficiency. However, the effects of iron deficiency on sports performance in female athletes is unclear, as are the degree of benefits of iron supplementation (FeSup). This study characterizes the effects of iron deficiency and FeSup on sports performance in high-level female athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Searches of the electronic databases MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL were performed in July 2023. Studies were included that evaluated the effects of iron deficiency or FeSup on sports performance in high-level (maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) > 45 mL/kg/min, or trained > 5 h/week) iron deficient (ID) (serum ferritin (sFer) < 40 µg/L) female athletes. Studies were assessed using a modified Downs and Black Quality Assessment Checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 studies comprising 669 athletes (age range: 13-47 years) across 16 sports were included in the review. Iron deficiency negatively affects endurance performance by 3%-4%. However, endurance performance improved by 2%-20% when ID athletes were treated with 100 mg/day of elemental iron for up to 56 days via oral supplementation, or bi-daily via parenteral administration over 8-10 days. ID non-anemic athletes with low sFer stores may be predisposed to reduced maximal aerobic capacity. However, maximal aerobic capacity improved by 6%-15% following 16 mg/day-100 mg/day of elemental iron for 36-126 days. Isokinetic strength and anaerobic power performance may be impeded (-23% to +4%) among ID athletes, but the effect of FeSup on anaerobic power varied markedly (-5% to +9%) following 100 mg/day of elemental iron over 42-56 days, or 100 mg of elemental iron bi-daily over 8-10 days. The quality of studies was moderate (77%), ranging from low (57%) to high (100%). Moststudies (n = 18) contained group sizes ≤ 20 athletes, thus limiting the likelihood of detecting significant effects (statistical power > 0.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-level ID female athletes experience a negative impact on endurance performance, which can be improved by supplementing with ∼100 mg of elemental iron per day or bi-daily. The decrements in other performance parameters characterizing a range of sports coincide with the severity of iron deficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101009"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}