Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments最新文献_第5页

Femoral Vascular Graft Implantation in a Swine Model to Test Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts. 猪模型股骨血管移植术中小直径血管移植术的试验。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.3791/68580

Georgina Iraola-Picornell, Esther Jorge, Albert Teis, Oriol Rodríguez-Leor, Daina Martínez-Falguera, Maria Kalil, Borja Montejo, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Elisabet Berastegui, Christian Muñoz-Guijosa, Carolina Gálvez-Montón

{"title":"Femoral Vascular Graft Implantation in a Swine Model to Test Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts.","authors":"Georgina Iraola-Picornell, Esther Jorge, Albert Teis, Oriol Rodríguez-Leor, Daina Martínez-Falguera, Maria Kalil, Borja Montejo, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Elisabet Berastegui, Christian Muñoz-Guijosa, Carolina Gálvez-Montón","doi":"10.3791/68580","DOIUrl":"10.3791/68580","url":null,"abstract":"Small-diameter vascular grafts (≤6 mm) are a key focus due to their frequent use in clinical applications and the challenges they present in terms of graft patency and long-term function. Swine serves as an ideal preclinical model for testing such grafts, as their arterial calibers and physiology closely resemble that of humans. This study provides a detailed protocol for testing experimental small-diameter vascular grafts (≤6 mm) in a translational model. In this approach, a segment of the right femoral artery was excised and replaced with an experimental graft. The excised arterial segment served as an autograft and was implanted in the left femoral artery to function as a control. Anastomoses were performed using continuous sutures. Both grafts were monitored non-invasively using Doppler ultrasound, enabling real-time assessment of blood flow and graft patency. On day 30, prior to euthanasia, an angiography was performed. The procedure demonstrated the successful integration of the autograft into the femoral artery, with 100% patency on day 30, as confirmed through Doppler ultrasound. The optimal results in the autograft highlight the feasibility of the surgical technique, providing an ideal platform for studying small diameter (≤6 mm) vascular grafts and offering insights into graft remodeling and potential therapeutic interventions to improve graft patency and long-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 221","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Surgical Approach for Optic Nerve Crush in a Rabbit Model. 兔视神经压迫模型的手术治疗。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.3791/67415

Kyeongwoo Jang, Andrea K M Ross, Patrick Jovel, Kathleen Heng, Jeffrey L Goldberg, Bryce Chiang

{"title":"A Surgical Approach for Optic Nerve Crush in a Rabbit Model.","authors":"Kyeongwoo Jang, Andrea K M Ross, Patrick Jovel, Kathleen Heng, Jeffrey L Goldberg, Bryce Chiang","doi":"10.3791/67415","DOIUrl":"10.3791/67415","url":null,"abstract":"Optic nerve crush (ONC) is an experimental technique used to model and study the mechanisms of optic neuropathies and potential therapeutic interventions. ONC studies have predominantly utilized rodent models; however, these models exhibit notable anatomical and physiological differences from humans, potentially limiting translatability. Here, we describe the surgical technique to achieve ONC model in rabbits, a species with globe dimensions more similar to human eyes. The developed surgical technique utilizes ophthalmic surgical techniques used in strabismus and oculoplastic surgeries and does not require the creation of bone windows or canthotomies. The model was validated through assessments of pupillary response under different lighting conditions and visual evoked potentials (VEPs) pre- and post-ONC. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in both pupillary response and VEP amplitude in the ONC eyes, compared to untreated contralateral eyes, indicating loss of visual function after injury, as expected. This surgical technique may provide models for exploring optic nerve injuries and testing potential therapeutic strategies, with broader implications for understanding and treating ocular neurodegenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 221","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applying Permanent, Robust Stenciled Patterns of Fine Particles to Elastomeric Surfaces. 在弹性体表面应用永久的、坚固的细颗粒模板。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.3791/68576

Paul M Mitalski, Jacob C McGough, Chelsea S Davis

{"title":"Applying Permanent, Robust Stenciled Patterns of Fine Particles to Elastomeric Surfaces.","authors":"Paul M Mitalski, Jacob C McGough, Chelsea S Davis","doi":"10.3791/68576","DOIUrl":"10.3791/68576","url":null,"abstract":"Developing nonlinear, large deformation models for elastomeric composites is an ongoing challenge with applications in soft robotics, prosthetics, and impact mitigation (like athletic helmets and padding). Our research goal is to develop models that predict material behavior and produce accurate simulations. As we progressed in our research, we recognized the essential need to experimentally capture surface field deformation, which would enable us to develop robust constitutive relationships. Common optical tracking techniques, such as digital image correlation (DIC) and grid tracking, require a pattern on the surface of the specimen to track and calculate the surface displacement field. However, the inherent low surface energy of most elastomeric materials, such as cured silicones, inhibits permanent marking of the surface. In other words, it is nearly impossible to affix surface tracking patterns to the material that will not easily wipe off or smudge when handling the specimen. Moreover, large deformation experiments can cause the original surface pattern to distort, crack, or flake off. Here, we present a novel method of spray casting patterns of powder markings on the inner surface of molds prior to reactive injection molding of our elastomeric parts. We developed this simple method, which allows permanent, high-fidelity surface patterns to be applied to the silicone or elastomeric specimens during the manufacturing process. The surface patterns can range from random speckle patterns utilized in DIC to detailed multicolor patterns. These new, robust patterns can withstand large strain cyclic loadings without fading or cracking and will allow for facile marking of silicones in laboratory and industrial settings.","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 221","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biofilm Assay for Clostridioides difficile with Applications for Drug Discovery. 艰难梭菌生物膜试验及其在药物开发中的应用。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.3791/67913

Alec J Solis, Paola Zucchi, Jesús A Romo

{"title":"Biofilm Assay for Clostridioides difficile with Applications for Drug Discovery.","authors":"Alec J Solis, Paola Zucchi, Jesús A Romo","doi":"10.3791/67913","DOIUrl":"10.3791/67913","url":null,"abstract":"Clostridioides difficile is a gastrointestinal bacterial pathogen able to take advantage of a dysbiotic microbiota environment to proliferate, secrete toxins, and damage the intestinal epithelium. A subset of C. difficile infection (CDI) patients will experience antibiotic (15%-30%) or fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) (<10%) treatment failure. Therefore, the development of additional therapeutic interventions is of critical importance. The role of C. difficile biofilms in recurrence is unclear. However, biofilms in other organisms are responsible for chronic and relapsing disease, suggesting this could also be the case in recurrent CDI. We hypothesize that biofilms of C. difficile present a valuable therapeutic target. The goal of the protocol presented here is to adapt a biofilm formation assay for the identification of repositionable compounds with activity against established C. difficile biofilms. The protocol refines a robust and reproducible assay for forming biofilms, couples it to a metabolic assay, and applies it to drug discovery. This protocol outlines the biofilm formation assay, biomass and metabolic activity readouts, drug susceptibility testing, drug screening of a repositioning library, and representative results.","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 221","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear. 鼠耳皮内接种鸟分枝杆菌的研究。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3791/67675

Suhavi Kaur, Dana E Miller, Matthew H Harband, Hazem F M Abdelaal, Susan L Baldwin, Sasha E Larsen, Rhea N Coler

引用次数: 0

Generating Free-floating Normal Human Epithelial-Fibroblast Spheroid Co-Cultures. 产生自由漂浮的正常人上皮细胞-成纤维细胞球形共培养物。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3791/68440

Lisa Marie Stasch, Maja Buchholzki, Vaanilaa Ketheeswaranathan, Zehra Sevindik, Verena Jendrossek, Bettina Budeus, Diana Klein

{"title":"Generating Free-floating Normal Human Epithelial-Fibroblast Spheroid Co-Cultures.","authors":"Lisa Marie Stasch, Maja Buchholzki, Vaanilaa Ketheeswaranathan, Zehra Sevindik, Verena Jendrossek, Bettina Budeus, Diana Klein","doi":"10.3791/68440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/68440","url":null,"abstract":"Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems have become increasingly popular due to their ability to reproduce natural cell properties and architectures, thus mimicking tissue-like structures in vitro. Among these models, the culture of spherical cell aggregates (so-called spheroids) embedded in a semi-solid extracellular matrix (ECM) represents an advanced near-in vivo cell culture model, as it allows for different functional cell states as a result of cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions, as well as oxygen and nutrient gradients. Because spheroids are technically less demanding and relatively inexpensive to obtain, they are frequently used in drug screening and toxicity testing, enabling high-content screening for testing new drugs in the preclinical phase. For this purpose, 3D structures of various tumors are predominantly recreated. At the same time, Matrigel is currently one of the most widely used ECMs and is considered the gold standard in spheroid and organoid cultivation, although this is a 3D matrix based on mouse experiments, the extraction of which- like animal testing in general-is associated with major ethical concerns. Here, we present a matrix-free protocol for direct spheroidal co-cultivation of human bronchial epithelial cells and fibroblasts, which can be considered as an optimized co-cultivation method, especially concerning epithelial-fibroblast communication and interactions within the respective spheroids, without relying on an (animal-based) carrier matrix. By establishing these free-floating epithelial-fibroblastoid spheroid co-cultures as a patient-oriented in vitro platform to model normal (lung) tissue toxicities of cancer therapeutic approaches, not only a reduction in the number of experimental animals but also an adequate and meaningful replacement of corresponding animal experiments can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 221","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Precise Non-invasive Liver Cirrhosis Quantification via Multimodal Stiffness-Structural Fusion Imaging. 通过多模态刚度结构融合成像精确的无创肝硬化量化。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3791/68666

Yangzhizi Qiao, Fangliang Xing, Yang Liu, Tengxiao Liang

{"title":"Precise Non-invasive Liver Cirrhosis Quantification via Multimodal Stiffness-Structural Fusion Imaging.","authors":"Yangzhizi Qiao, Fangliang Xing, Yang Liu, Tengxiao Liang","doi":"10.3791/68666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/68666","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) presents stiffness and structural images separately, requiring manual ROI delineation for liver stiffness assessment. This introduces observer variability and may overlook significant lesions, failing to accurately represent whole-liver stiffness distribution patterns. The present study implemented multimodal image fusion integrating stiffness maps with structural images using: (1) acquisition on a 3.0T MRI with optimized T1-weighted imaging (TR/TE = 157.62/1.17 ms) and MRE (60 Hz vibrations); (2) computational preprocessing of DICOM data into 3D volumes; (3) precise co-registration and fusion calculation; and (4) quantitative liver stiffness distribution analysis across different cirrhosis stages. The stiffness-structural fusion imaging technique integrated anatomical structures with stiffness patterns in a single visualization, enabling simultaneous assessment of liver morphology and stiffness distribution. Comparative analysis revealed a clear differentiation between cirrhotic patients and healthy controls, with cirrhotic livers showing significantly higher proportions of advanced fibrosis. This technique eliminated variability due to manual ROI placement and established a standardized framework for comprehensive whole-liver assessment. The stiffness-structural fusion imaging technique provides comprehensive visualization of liver stiffness with precise anatomical correlation, potentially improving diagnostic accuracy compared to conventional MRE. This approach eliminates observer variability, enables standardized whole-liver assessment, and establishes a quantitative framework for monitoring disease progression and treatment response, while facilitating improved clinician-patient communication and offering a foundation for advanced radiomics in liver cirrhosis staging.","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 221","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The 6-Minute Frame Running Test - A Field-based Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test for Individuals with Cerebral Palsy. 6分钟框架跑步测试-脑性麻痹患者的现场心肺运动测试。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3791/67691

Linnéa Corell, Emma Hjalmarsson, Eline Bolster, Petra van Schie, Annemieke I Buizer, Lars Björk, Jessica Norrbom, Ferdinand Von Walden

{"title":"The 6-Minute Frame Running Test - A Field-based Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test for Individuals with Cerebral Palsy.","authors":"Linnéa Corell, Emma Hjalmarsson, Eline Bolster, Petra van Schie, Annemieke I Buizer, Lars Björk, Jessica Norrbom, Ferdinand Von Walden","doi":"10.3791/67691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/67691","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral palsy (CP) is a diverse childhood-onset motor disability that varies significantly in severity and impact. Individuals with more severe forms of CP, particularly those with whole-body involvement, often face substantial barriers to physical activity. These barriers are compounded by the limited availability of exercise options that can accommodate their specific needs. The forms of physical activity that may be available typically involve low levels of aerobic demand, which may not be sufficient to maintain and/or improve cardiovascular health. However, Frame Running, a parasport performed on a three-wheeled running frame, allows individuals with CP to participate in aerobic exercise at high intensity. The running frame, designed specifically for individuals with motor impairments such as CP, enables the assessment of aerobic capacity in a population otherwise excluded from traditional exercise modalities. The 6-Minute Frame Running Test (6-MFRT) has been validated as an effective measure for estimating maximum aerobic capacity in individuals with CP. It is easy to perform and only requires a running frame, a 200-400 m track, a heart rate monitor, a measuring tape or wheel, and a stopwatch. Thus, the 6-MFRT serves as a practical and reliable measure of aerobic capacity that can be used to assess health-related fitness and evaluate the effect of training interventions.","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 221","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Convolutional Neural Network-Transformer Model to Predict and Classify Early Arrhythmia Using Electrocardiogram Signal. 利用心电图信号预测和分类早期心律失常的卷积神经网络-变压器模型。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3791/68227

B N Manjesh, K N Raja Praveen, Azadeh Amoozegar

{"title":"Convolutional Neural Network-Transformer Model to Predict and Classify Early Arrhythmia Using Electrocardiogram Signal.","authors":"B N Manjesh, K N Raja Praveen, Azadeh Amoozegar","doi":"10.3791/68227","DOIUrl":"10.3791/68227","url":null,"abstract":"As a major cause of death worldwide, cardiovascular diseases-especially arrhythmias-require the creation of precise and automated technologies for early diagnosis and detection. To identify arrhythmias from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, this paper introduces a deep learning-based classification model that focuses on five main heartbeat types: Normal (N), Left Bundle Branch Block (L), Right Bundle Branch Block (R), Atrial Premature Beat (A), and Premature Ventricular Contraction (V). We leverage Lead I signals from several sources, such as the INCART 12-lead, Sudden Cardiac Death Holter, Supraventricular, and MIT-BIH Arrhythmia databases, yielding more than 3.9 million training and 112,575 testing segments. Examples of data preparation include 180 sample, fixed-window segmentation, Min-Max normalization, and class balancing with the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE). The hybrid architecture uses Transformer layers to model temporal dependencies and 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to extract spatial features. The Adam optimizer with dropout and batch normalization for regularization trains the model. The proposed system outperforms the TN4 model and other cutting-edge benchmarks, achieving 99.99% accuracy, precision, and F1-score across all classes. Feature robustness is further improved by applying deep hybrid architectures and convolutional neural networks, which were motivated by earlier studies. The suggested paradigm advances artificial intelligence-driven, individualized digital healthcare and has great promise for scalable, real-time arrhythmia identification.","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 221","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions. 利用级联设计氧化和高碱性还原反应可扩展合成氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯。

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊

Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3791/68313

Hon Nhien Le, Thi Bich Duyen Luu, Lam Nhu Pham, Thi Bang Tam Dao, Trung Do Nguyen, Chi Nhan Ha Thuc, Van Hieu Le

{"title":"Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions.","authors":"Hon Nhien Le, Thi Bich Duyen Luu, Lam Nhu Pham, Thi Bang Tam Dao, Trung Do Nguyen, Chi Nhan Ha Thuc, Van Hieu Le","doi":"10.3791/68313","DOIUrl":"10.3791/68313","url":null,"abstract":"This present work describes the scalable synthetic methods of oxidation and reduction reactions for producing graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide nanomaterials. Cascade design of Mn(VII)-based oxidation reaction is applied to convert graphite into multilayer graphite oxide powder, the precursor of single-layer graphene oxide nanosheets. Since exothermic heats, relevant chemical ratios, and combinative strategy are utilized, the cascade design process saves considerable amounts of heating energy, chemical reagents, and synthetic time. In the next stage, the hydrated multilayer structure of graphite oxide is exfoliated in water with the support of sonication. Graphene oxide nanosheets are electrostatically stabilized and chemically reduced using highly basic ammonia solution at pH >11 and a temperature of 90 °C. Alkaline ammonium hydroxide solution is considered an environmentally friendly and inexpensive chemical agent for synthesizing reduced graphene oxide nanosheets assembled in a hydrogel structure. Hydrated reduced graphene oxide nanosheets in the supramolecular hydrogel can be ultrasonically exfoliated to produce homogeneous aqueous dispersions. The general protocol of oxidation-reduction reactions sequentially synthesizes graphite oxide powder, graphene oxide nanosheet, reduced graphene oxide hydrogel, and reduced graphene oxide nanosheet for various scientific research and multidisciplinary applications. Prospective development of the synthetic approach from laboratory scale to industrial production is envisioned to elaborate on the potential.","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 221","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0