Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments最新文献

{"title":"Exercise, Perceived Exercise-Related Cognitive Benefits, and Cognitive Flexibility: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Chinese University Students.","authors":"Liangji Guo, Lili Zhang","doi":"10.3791/72959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/72959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This cross-sectional study examined the associations between exercise frequency, duration, consistency, and cognitive flexibility among students at one Chinese university. Guided by a psychological perspective, the study evaluated the parallel mediating roles of Perceived Exercise-Related Cognitive Benefits (PECB), a self-reported psychological construct reflecting perceived cognitive benefits associated with exercise, and psychological well-being, together with the moderating role of exercise intensity. A total of 398 university students were recruited through purposive sampling and completed self-report questionnaires assessing exercise behavior, PECB, psychological well-being, cognitive flexibility, and exercise intensity. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Exercise frequency (β = 0.18, p < 0.001) and exercise consistency (β = 0.15, p = 0.002) were positively associated with cognitive flexibility, whereas exercise duration was not significantly associated (β = 0.06, p = 0.312). Significant indirect associations through PECB linked exercise frequency (β = 0.102) and consistency (β = 0.125), but not duration, to cognitive flexibility. Psychological well-being showed significant indirect associations with all three exercise dimensions, including exercise duration (indirect β = 0.092). Exercise intensity significantly moderated the associations of PECB (β = 0.22) and psychological well-being (β = 0.19) with cognitive flexibility. These findings suggest that greater exercise frequency and consistency, rather than exercise duration, were associated with greater self-reported cognitive flexibility. Future longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to further examine these associations and clarify the psychological processes underlying the relationships among exercise, perceived cognitive benefits, psychological well-being, and cognitive flexibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Landscape and Emerging Frontiers in Pediatric Music Therapy: A Bibliometric Visualization Study.","authors":"Yuxin Xu, TingLing Hu, Jie Huang","doi":"10.3791/73634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/73634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This bibliometric study aimed to characterize publication patterns, collaboration networks, keyword structures, and temporal trends in pediatric music therapy. We analyzed 518 PubMed-indexed articles published between January 2016 and August 2025 using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, SCImago Graphica, and Excel. Publication and collaboration activities were concentrated in North America, Europe, and Asia. Keyword analyses identified themes involving cognitive function, language development, motor skills, mental health, quality of life, creative arts therapy, and systems analysis. The literature also spanned pediatrics, nursing, public health, physical therapy, and complementary medicine. Online delivery became more prominent during the COVID-19 period, and recent keywords included digital health-related topics. However, the keyword network remained sparse, indicating limited integration across research themes. These findings describe the intellectual structure and thematic development of the field but do not establish the clinical effectiveness of music therapy. Future research should prioritize methodological standardization, broader collaboration, and rigorous clinical evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Analysis of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy Versus Open Laminotomy for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis.","authors":"Qu Jianhua, Chen Yanbing, Zhang Ganzhe, Guo Xin, Liang Yuan, Wang Jun, Wang Chong","doi":"10.3791/72173","DOIUrl":"10.3791/72173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lumbar spinal stenosis is a common degenerative condition that causes pain, disability, and reduces quality of life, especially in older adults. Techniques such as Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy (UBE) and Open Unilateral Laminotomy with Bilateral Decompression (ULBD) aim to preserve soft tissues while achieving adequate decompression of neural tissue. The study included 194 patients with symptomatic degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, of whom 177 patients underwent UBE and 17 patients underwent Open ULBD. Clinical outcomes were measured with the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for functional impairment, and the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score for neurological recovery before surgery and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. For both groups, there was a significant difference between baseline and 2 years. We hypothesized that UBE would lead to faster early postoperative recovery while yielding similar long-term outcomes. VAS decreased from 7.06 to 0.67 in the Open ULBD group and from 6.81 to 0.56 in the UBE group. ODI improved from 62.65 to 21.56 in the UBE group and from 66.82 to 24.33 in the Open ULBD group, while JOA increased from 11.91 to 24.89 and from 11.24 to 23.83, respectively. The UBE group had numerically lower estimated blood loss (80.11 ± 45.14 vs. 152.35 ± 125.67 mL) and a shorter hospital stay (12.50 ± 5.73 vs. 15.29 ± 5.47 days), while operative time was similar between groups (129.09 ± 64.88 vs. 130.18 ± 74.37 min). Findings suggested that UBE surgery demonstrated favorable early recovery and improving trends in neurological function, and may represent an effective, minimally invasive option. Future studies should use larger, more balanced cohorts to validate these findings and long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Paeonia-derived Catechin on Neutrophil-associated Inflammation in Pneumonia.","authors":"Wei Bo, Jian Zhang, Nan Jiang","doi":"10.3791/72190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/72190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pneumonia in children is frequently accompanied by excessive inflammatory responses and immune dysregulation, which may lead to severe clinical outcomes. Catechin has shown anti-inflammatory activity in multiple disease settings, but its role and molecular mechanisms in pneumonia remain unclear. Public bulk RNA-sequencing data from pediatric pneumonia (GSE261482) and public mouse lung single-cell RNA-sequencing data from an experimental pneumonia model (GSE295484) were analyzed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, differential expression analysis, cell-type annotation, and gene set enrichment analysis. Interactions between catechin and selected proteins were assessed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. A key gene module associated with pneumonia-related traits was identified, and 18 candidate genes, primarily enriched in inflammatory and immune-related pathways, were screened. Single-cell analysis showed that these genes were predominantly enriched in neutrophils and alveolar macrophages, with increased neutrophil proportions under inflammatory conditions. MMP9, PYGL, and GADD45A were selected as candidate genes. Docking and dynamics simulations supported stable predicted interactions between catechin and these selected proteins. Catechin may be associated with pneumonia-related inflammatory pathways by modulating neutrophil-associated pathways and interacting with key immune-related proteins. This study provides a systems-level view of catechin action in pneumonia and highlights potential targets for further experimental validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Standardized In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Differentiation and Proliferation on Nanomaterial Scaffolds.","authors":"Dina M Makawi, Abeer H Mahran, Abeer A Elgendy, Tariq A Yehia, Yahya H Amer, Tarek M Elsewify","doi":"10.3791/71983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/71983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reliable assessment of osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation, as well as stem cell proliferation, is fundamental to evaluating the biological performance of scaffold-based regenerative strategies. However, variability in experimental protocols, assay selection, and data interpretation often limits reproducibility and inter-study comparison. The protocol described in this article presents a standardized, reproducible workflow for the in vitro evaluation of osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation, as well as proliferative capacity, of stem cells cultured on biomaterial scaffolds. Osteogenic commitment is evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymatic activity and Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB Ligand (RANKL) immunofluorescence, while odontogenic commitment is assessed by DMP-1 (dentin matrix protein-1) immunofluorescence; both protein endpoints are quantified using standardized H-score methodology. Critical experimental parameters, including cell seeding density, induction timelines, assay conditions, normalization strategies (including protein-normalized ALP activity, cell-normalized 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) viability, and immunofluorescence H-score), and data analysis approaches, are detailed, along with troubleshooting guidance to minimize technical variability. The methodology has been applied as a standardized framework across multiple scaffold-based experimental studies, demonstrating robustness and reproducibility. By providing a comprehensive, validated framework, this article aims to facilitate standardized assessment of stem cell-scaffold interactions and improve comparability across preclinical regenerative studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Prognosis in Adolescents and Adults with Major Depressive Disorder and Associated Psychosocial Factors: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Pan Liu, Lili Wu, Yuan Hu, Xiaofang Lin, Changfeng Ma","doi":"10.3791/70839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/70839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This prospective study examined whether short-term treatment outcomes differ between adolescents and adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) and evaluated the contribution of psychosocial factors to these differences. Adolescents and adults receiving treatment in the Department of Psychiatry were consecutively recruited between June 2023 and December 2024, including 115 adolescents (64.61%) and 63 adults (35.39%) in the final week-8 analysis set. Depressive symptom severity was assessed using the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24). Anhedonia, sleep quality, interpersonal functioning, and social support were evaluated using the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Interpersonal Relationship Scale (IRS), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), respectively. Assessments were completed at baseline and at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment initiation. At baseline, the two groups differed in educational attainment and illness duration (P < 0.05), whereas HAMD-24 scores were comparable. Sleep-related measures showed limited between-group differences, but adolescents reported more severe anhedonia, poorer interpersonal functioning, and lower social support than adults (P < 0.05). After 8 weeks of treatment, HAMD-24 scores decreased significantly in both groups, but adults achieved higher remission and overall effectiveness rates than adolescents (P < 0.001). In both age groups, poorer interpersonal functioning and lower social support were associated with less favorable prognosis, with stronger associations observed in adolescents. These findings suggest that psychosocial disadvantage may weigh more heavily on short-term treatment outcomes in adolescent MDD. Interventions that strengthen interpersonal functioning and social support may therefore be particularly relevant for improving prognosis in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Resistance After a Four-Dimensional Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention.","authors":"Yin Huang, Xin Haung, Xudong Song, Fan Ding, Chenggong Zhang, Liang Shi, Dezhu Dai, Zihao Gao, Xiao Han, Jingjing Dai, Chuan Wu, Junping Bai","doi":"10.3791/73642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/73642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This single-center retrospective study analyzed de-duplicated Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates collected at Huaian Municipal Infectious Diseases Hospital from 2023 to 2025. A total of 121 unique isolates were included, of which 83.5% were from sputum. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using an automated microbiology system, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results were interpreted according to CLSI M100, 33rd edition. In early 2024, a four-dimensional linkage-targeted antimicrobial stewardship intervention was implemented in the Respiratory and Tuberculosis Department (Resp-TB) (n = 97), comprising: (1) dynamic antimicrobial resistance surveillance with quarterly feedback; (2) risk-stratified antimicrobial prescribing based on local susceptibility data; (3) standardized specimen collection protocols; and (4) enhanced infection prevention and control measures. In the Resp-TB, the overall resistance rates were 74.19% in 2023, 81.63% in 2024, and 82.93% in 2025, with no significant reduction after the intervention (p ≈ 0.37). By 2025, resistance to tobramycin was 0/41 (0.00%), cefepime was 1/41 (2.44%), and piperacillin-tazobactam was 0/41 (0.00%); levofloxacin resistance reached 15/41 (36.59%). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance remained high across the study period. These findings show persistent antimicrobial resistance in the Resp-TB after implementation of the intervention, while resistance to selected agents, including tobramycin, cefepime, and piperacillin-tazobactam, remained low in 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Based on Art and the Digital Paradox: Rethinking English Education in the 21st Century.","authors":"Shengqin Bi","doi":"10.3791/69969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/69969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the digital paradox in 21st-century English education, aiming to determine how integrating digital art pedagogies influences academic performance. The primary objective was to test a model positing that digital art integration, perceived art value, and technology self-efficacy drive academic success, with student engagement as a mediator and digital literacy as a moderator. A quantitative methodology was employed, collecting data from n = 265 Chinese undergraduates and analyzing them via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings confirm that student engagement fully mediates the relationship between the three independent variables and academic performance. A key and novel discovery is the significant negative moderating effect of digital literacy, indicating that the engagement-performance link is weaker for highly digitally literate students. This provides a nuanced empirical understanding of the digital paradox, suggesting that high digital skills may inadvertently dilute academic focus. The study's novelty lies in its integrated model and in this counterintuitive finding, which challenges the assumption that digital literacy is an unequivocal benefit. Theoretical implications include a refined model of technology acceptance in creative disciplines. In contrast, practical implications advise educators to design digital art pedagogies that strategically manage cognitive load for all learners, not just the less proficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of 30- and 90-Minute Afternoon Nap Opportunities on Field-Test Performance in Female Collegiate Basketball Players.","authors":"Shengju Fang, Yifan Ye, Yang Gao, Xiaotian Li","doi":"10.3791/73475","DOIUrl":"10.3791/73475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Afternoon napping is used as a recovery strategy in sport, but a scheduled nap opportunity is not equivalent to objectively verified sleep. This study compared no-nap seated wakefulness (N0), a 30-minute scheduled nap opportunity (N30), and a 90-minute scheduled nap opportunity (N90) in 18 female collegiate basketball players using a randomized, fully counterbalanced, three-period within-participant crossover design. Conditions were separated by at least 72 h and ended at 14:30, followed by a common 60 min wakefulness buffer, a standardized 15 min warm-up, and a fixed basketball field-test battery. Linear mixed-effects models included condition, period, and sequence as fixed effects, with participant as a random intercept; the nine omnibus condition tests were controlled for using the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate procedure. Four of nine outcomes remained significant after false-discovery-rate correction: the modified-505 first 10 m split, combined modified-505 completion time, three-quarter-court sprint time, and 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test final velocity. N90 differed from both N0 and N30 for these outcomes, whereas N30 did not differ from N0. The other five outcomes did not meet the false-discovery-rate threshold. Sensitivity analyses, including reanalysis of the pre-correction modified-505 data, preserved the same four-outcome pattern. Because sleep onset and duration were not objectively measured, the findings estimate the effects of assigned recovery-opportunity conditions rather than a physiological sleep-duration dose-response.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Axoplasm from Squid and Pathogenic Mechanisms in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.","authors":"Amanda Onoichenco, Sarah L Morris, Sarah Aloe, Kaitlynn McCay, Yuyu Song, Scott T Brady","doi":"10.3791/72560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/72560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The squid giant axon is an experimental model that has been instrumental in providing answers to many fundamental questions in cell biology, including the discovery of the motor protein kinesin and probing molecular mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The giant axon offers scale and ease of access that is not possible in mammalian models. The power of this model stems from the fact that one can introduce reagents and proteins that would not cross a plasma membrane at defined concentrations in a buffer environment that is closely modeled on normal components of the axoplasm. By leveraging the unique biology of the squid axon, early studies were able to define the channels and ion specificities of the action potential. Subsequent studies using video-enhanced contrast- differential Interference contrast microscopy (VEC-DIC) and the isolated axoplasm led to the identification of kinesins, a class of motor proteins responsible for intracellular vesicle trafficking toward the plus end of microtubules. This combination of isolated axoplasm and advanced imaging continues to provide insights into pathogenic mechanisms for adult-onset neurodegeneration, including ALS, and regulation of fast axonal transport, a process disrupted in motor neuron disease. Here, procedures for dissecting the giant axon, isolating axoplasm, and perfusing defined amounts of proteins and/or reagents into the axoplasm are detailed, as well as methods for visualizing and interactively analyzing vesicle traffic in real time. This model represents a singular avenue to understand the critical function of neurons, shedding light on the mechanisms driving ALS pathology and other neurodegenerative diseases. This system also offers a tractable platform for drug testing, where candidate therapeutic compounds can be introduced directly into the axoplasm, and their effects on vesicle trafficking can be assessed in real time, providing a rapid and physiologically relevant means of identifying potential ALS therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}