Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments最新文献

{"title":"Danshen Injection for 5-Fluorouracil-Resistant Gastric Cancer: Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Enhanced Drug Activity.","authors":"Weiting Li, Hui Peng, Yi Shen, Ziyi Li, Lei Jin, Zhen Wang, Wenshan Jing, Jian Yu, Qingsheng Yu, Jinfang Pan","doi":"10.3791/72391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/72391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer ranks among the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, and the progressive emergence of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance represents a critical barrier to the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy, particularly 5-FU-based regimens. Danshen injection (DI), a clinically approved intravenous preparation derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has demonstrated preliminary antineoplastic activity; however, the mechanistic basis underlying its reversal of 5-FU resistance in gastric cancer has not been systematically defined. This study aimed to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of DI and its potential for enhanced combined activity with 5-FU in human gastric cancer cell lines (SGC7901 and BGC823), their 5-FU-resistant variants, and a xenograft mouse model. DI significantly induced apoptosis in both parental and drug-resistant cell lines, while CCK-8 assays confirmed markedly elevated IC50 values in resistant variants, validating the chemoresistant phenotype. The combination of DI and 5-FU produced enhanced antitumor effects superior to either agent alone, as demonstrated by increased apoptotic rates, upregulated expression of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3, impaired mitochondrial membrane potential by JC-10 assay, and reduced colony formation. Mechanistically, DI promoted cytochrome c translocation from mitochondria to the cytoplasm, and elevated cleaved caspase-9 levels, effects that were further amplified upon co-treatment with 5-FU. Consistent antitumor activity was validated in vivo, with the combination regimen demonstrating superior tumor suppression compared with monotherapy. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that DI exerts meaningful antitumor activity and produces a greater combined effect with 5-FU in 5-FU-resistant gastric cancer. This study provides a preclinical rationale for incorporating DI into chemotherapy-based strategies for the management of 5-FU-resistant gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABCB1-Mediated Olaparib Resistance in Cervical Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.","authors":"Pooja Muralidharan, Veintramuthu Sankar, Durgaramani Sivadasan","doi":"10.3791/72712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/72712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women and the second most common cancer in India after breast cancer, with the highest burden occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Although platinum-based chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy improve outcomes in early-stage disease, multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major cause of treatment failure in persistent, recurrent, and metastatic cervical cancer. Olaparib, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi), has emerged as a promising targeted therapeutic agent; however, it is not currently approved as a standard treatment for cervical cancer, and acquired resistance limits its long-term efficacy. One of the principal mechanisms underlying olaparib resistance is the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1), also known as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which actively exports olaparib from cancer cells, thereby reducing intracellular drug accumulation and therapeutic efficacy. Emerging evidence indicates that ABCB1-mediated resistance is regulated by gene amplification, dysregulated signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications, microRNA-mediated regulation, and human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oncogenic signaling. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying ABCB1-mediated olaparib resistance in cervical cancer and highlights current and emerging therapeutic strategies, including selective ABCB1 inhibitors, natural phytochemicals, alternative PARP inhibitors with reduced P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, receptor-targeted nanocarriers, co-delivery approaches, and gene-silencing technologies. These strategies may overcome multidrug resistance, enhance the therapeutic efficacy of olaparib, and support the development of personalized treatment approaches for cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal Carotid Artery Ligation: A Murine Model for Acute Retinal Ischemic Injury.","authors":"Dawei Zeng, Ruoyao Huang, Yue Zhang, Tian Qiu, Linfeng Zhao, Guizhu Zhou, Bo Shui, Jilan Chen, Cong Huang, Hongxiang Li, Qian Nie, Baojia Wang, Yong Wang","doi":"10.3791/73775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/73775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accumulating evidence indicates that retinal ischemia constitutes a pivotal pathological trigger of visual impairment. The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis), formed by the vertebral and internal carotid arteries, provides cerebral blood perfusion. As a direct branch originating from the internal carotid artery (ICA), the ophthalmic artery supplies blood to the ocular globe. Based on the anatomical features of the ocular vasculature, a retinal ischemic injury model was successfully generated in C57BL/6 mice via selective left ICA ligation. Morphological and vascular analyses demonstrated marked lesions largely confined to the intermediate retinal vascular plexus. Histological and immunohistochemical staining revealed that the counts of bipolar cells and retinal ganglion cells in the superficial and intermediate retinal layers were markedly reduced. At the molecular level, this retinal ischemia model effectively activates a complex cascade of intracellular signaling pathways that govern apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and neuronal injury regulation. The retinal ischemic injury model established by ICA ligation offers advantages, including high safety and ease of operation for targeted lesion modeling. In addition, this acute retinal ischemic injury model circumvents systemic circulatory disorders induced by the widely used common carotid artery (CCA) ligation method. This model facilitates a comprehensive exploration of the pathological mechanisms behind retinal ischemic disorders induced by hemodynamic abnormalities of the ophthalmic artery.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase and B-Raf Mutations in Rat Sarcoma Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Wenjiang Wang, Tao Wang, Linfeng Qian, Yong Nie","doi":"10.3791/73962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/73962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Activating mutations in phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) and B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) are hypothesized to confer primary resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) monoclonal antibodies in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the clinical impact of these mutations in patients with rat sarcoma (RAS) wild-type tumors remains incompletely characterized. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association of PIK3CA and BRAF mutations with clinical outcomes in RAS wild-type mCRC patients receiving first-line EGFR inhibitor therapy. A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and OVID from inception through June 2019, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. From 600 screened records, 10 studies comprising 1,478 patients with RAS wild-type mCRC were included. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and risk differences (RDs) for objective response rate (ORR), were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). PIK3CA mutations were associated with significantly worse PFS (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.11-1.71; p = 0.004) and OS (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.22-2.05; p < 0.001). BRAF mutations were similarly associated with worse PFS (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.46-1.94; p < 0.001) and OS (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.09-1.49; p = 0.003). No significant difference in ORR was observed for either PIK3CA mutations (RD, -0.12; 95% CI, -0.38 to 0.15; p = 0.38) or BRAF mutations (RD, -0.12; 95% CI, -0.28 to 0.04; p = 0.15) compared with wild-type. These findings confirm that PIK3CA and BRAF mutations are negative prognostic biomarkers in RAS wild-type mCRC, associated with inferior PFS and OS but not ORR. Incorporating BRAF and PIK3CA mutation testing into pretreatment evaluation is supported, and alternative therapeutic strategies for mutation carriers are needed. Prospective validation in larger studies is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Cell Detection and Quantification of Metabolically Active Bacteria in Soil Using Heavy-Water Labeling and Raman Microspectroscopy.","authors":"Jiazhi Ding, Junqi Gao, Hongzhe Li, Li Cui","doi":"10.3791/73852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/73852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Only microorganisms that are metabolically active during a defined observation window contribute directly to ongoing soil processes, yet this active fraction is difficult to quantify. Cultivation excludes uncultured taxa, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based methods primarily describe community membership and functional potential, and bulk assays obscure cell-to-cell variation. This protocol combines heavy-water (D₂O) labeling with single-cell Raman microspectroscopy, here termed Raman-deuterium isotope probing (Raman-DIP), to detect and quantify bacterial anabolic activity during labeling in soil. Matched soil samples are incubated under identical conditions with H₂O or D₂O. Microbial cells are then recovered by Nycodenz density separation, deposited on aluminum-coated slides, and analyzed individually. Deuterium incorporation into newly synthesized biomass produces a carbon-deuterium (C-D) band at 2,040-2,300 cm⁻¹. A cell is classified as detectably active when its C-D ratio exceeds a threshold derived from the matched H₂O control, and the active-cell fraction is calculated for each biological replicate. The method retains soil-matrix effects during labeling, does not require cultivation or a fluorescent activity probe, and reveals physiological heterogeneity that is lost in community-averaged measurements. Because D₂O supplies an isotopic label rather than an exogenous organic substrate, it can label diverse anabolic processes while limiting selection for a particular carbon source. The workflow is therefore suited to standardized comparisons of bacterial activity across soils and environmental treatments. It reports anabolic incorporation during the labeling interval rather than overall viability; nonlabeled cells should not automatically be interpreted as dead.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Reveal the Mechanism of Rhizoma Drynariae Against Rotator Cuff Injury.","authors":"Jiaxing Lv, Yihong Zhang, Xiaolong Li, Jianjun Ji, Xuejin Zhu, Lichao Cao, Xilong Duan, Wenkui Qiu, Lei Li, Zhenyan Su, Yafang Zhang","doi":"10.3791/73695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/73695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rotator cuff injury (RCI) is a refractory musculoskeletal disorder marked by chronic inflammation, tenocyte apoptosis, impaired angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) dysregulation, with limited clinical treatments available. This study employed network pharmacology and molecular docking to systematically investigate the active components, key targets, and signaling pathways of Rhizoma Drynariae (RD) against RCI. Eighteen active ingredients of RD and 213 non‑redundant targets were identified from TCMSP, ETCM, and SymMap, while 870 RCI‑related targets were retrieved from GeneCards and OMIM, yielding 71 overlapping candidate targets. Protein-protein interaction network analysis and cytoHubba screening revealed ten hub genes, including TNF, IL6, VEGFA, PTGS2, CASP3, AKT1, CCL2, PPARG, MAPK3, and HMOX1. Gene Ontology enrichment highlighted inflammatory response, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and ECM organization, while KEGG pathway analysis implicated the TNF, PI3K‑Akt, MAPK, and HIF‑1 signaling pathways. Molecular docking confirmed stable high‑affinity binding of eriodictyol, luteolin, catechin, naringenin, and aureusidin to these core proteins. Collectively, RD exerts anti‑RCI effects through a multi‑component, multi‑target, and multi‑pathway network, potentially alleviating RCI by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis, promoting angiogenesis, and enhancing ECM repair, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for its clinical application and experimental validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sacubitril/Valsartan Improves Cardiovascular Outcomes in Elderly Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Hypertension: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Miaolian Feng, Ying Xie","doi":"10.3791/72402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/72402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elderly patients with concurrent coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension face elevated risks of cardiovascular events and require therapies that balance efficacy, safety, and tolerability. Sacubitril/valsartan has demonstrated benefits in heart failure management, but evidence regarding its long-term cardiovascular outcomes in this specific population remains limited. This retrospective cohort study enrolled 150 elderly patients with CAD and hypertension to compare the effects of sacubitril/valsartan versus amlodipine, both combined with conventional therapy. The primary endpoint was the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) over 12 months. Two MACE definitions were applied in this study. Primary analysis used our predefined composite endpoint, including aggravated heart failure and arrhythmia events. A sensitivity analysis adopted the conventional MACE definition (myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular death, revascularization), excluding isolated ventricular premature beats. Secondary endpoints included blood pressure control, cardiac function parameters, and treatment-related adverse events. Results showed that patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan had a significantly lower incidence of MACE (10.26% vs. 27.14%, P = 0.008), superior blood pressure control, and improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) compared to the amlodipine group. Cox proportional hazards regression (Cox regression) analysis identified sacubitril/valsartan treatment as an independent protective factor against cardiovascular adverse events (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.18-0.80, P = 0.011). Both regimens were well-tolerated, with no severe adverse events reported. These findings indicate that sacubitril/valsartan is an effective and safe therapeutic option for elderly patients with CAD and hypertension, reducing long-term cardiovascular risk while improving blood pressure control and cardiac function.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Versican: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Post-Myocardial Injury Cardiac Repair.","authors":"Weiliang Chen, Wenyuan Hong, Ting Xie","doi":"10.3791/74188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/74188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review re-evaluates the literature from a matrix-centered perspective and determines how strongly it supports versican as a regulator of myocardial renewal rather than merely a marker of tissue remodeling. The evidence is organized around molecular identity, developmental location, temporal behavior after infarction, and causal intervention. During cardiac formation, versican-rich extracellular matrices recur in cushions, valves, septal and outflow structures, where matrix hydration, cell adhesion, and proteolytic processing accompany morphogenesis. In adult injury models, versican abundance and processing change as fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, and cardiomyocytes pass through different phases of repair and provisional-matrix resolution. Experimental augmentation has been associated with more cardiomyocytes displaying cell-cycle activity, less fibrotic distortion, and better ventricular performance. Candidate mechanisms include integrin-dependent ERK1/2 and Akt signaling, retention of soluble mediators, and modification of local matrix mechanics. Versican is better interpreted as a context-dependent matrix regulator than as a stand-alone cardiomyocyte mitogen. The current data justify further preclinical work, but not direct clinical use. Translation requires identification of the active isoform or fragment, the responsible source, modifying, and target cell populations, the effective time window and clearance mechanisms, proof that cycling cardiomyocytes complete division and integrate electrically, and systematic testing for fibrosis, inflammation, vascular remodeling, and off-target proliferation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Identification of Transthyretin Amyloid in Fixed Skin Biopsies: A Simplified Sample Preparation Method.","authors":"Rivka Goldis, Batia Kaplan, Enosh Askenasy, Efrat Shavit-Stein, Amir Dori","doi":"10.3791/73230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/73230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTRv) is associated with peripheral neuropathy resulting from the accumulation of fibrillar TTR amyloid deposits in tissues including peripheral nerves and skin. Accurate diagnosis requires molecular identification of amyloid deposits in tissue specimens. Skin punch biopsy is a minimally invasive, well-established diagnostic tool used to confirm small-fiber neuropathy. Congo-red (CR) staining confirms amyloid deposition but does not determine amyloid type. Identification of TTR proteins within deposits commonly employs immunohistochemistry, which is limited by non-specific binding to blood-derived proteins and can lead to misdiagnosis. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of laser micro-dissected amyloid fibrils precisely identifies deposited proteins but requires specialized equipment available only in dedicated medical centers. This study describes a streamlined protocol for extracting insoluble amyloid proteins from Zamboni-fixed skin biopsies for subsequent Western blotting (WB) and LC-MS/MS. The protocol includes: (a) tissue collection by cryo-sectioning of biopsy samples; (b) removal of soluble background proteins by repeated phosphate buffer rinsing; (c) extraction of insoluble proteins with formic acid; (d) removal of the volatile solvent by vacuum evaporation and lyophilization. In a proof-of-concept cohort of 24 biopsies, 15-kDa and 30-kDa immunoreactive bands consistent with TTR monomer and dimer forms were detected in 10 of 12 CR-positive, genetically confirmed ATTRv samples and in none of 12 CR-negative neurological controls. This corresponded to an estimated sensitivity of 83.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 55.2%-97.0%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI, 75.8%-100%) within this selected cohort. An in-gel LC-MS/MS analysis of excised 15 kDa and 30 kDa bands confirmed TTR identity in WB-positive samples tested. The findings were also in concordance with an LC-MS/MS analysis of micro-dissected CR-positive fibril deposits in three tested biopsies. This protocol expands the analytical use of routinely collected skin biopsies and provides an accessible proof-of-concept approach for TTR detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic Induction of Endometriosis in a Preclinical Swine Model by Autologous Endometrial Transplantation.","authors":"Mariana Sponchiado, Harriet Omenge, Emily Kiesewetter, Taeho Kim, Jae-Wook Jeong, Tae Hoon Kim, Kyeong A So, Kiho Lee","doi":"10.3791/72513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3791/72513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pigs are increasingly used as models of human diseases, largely because their anatomy, physiology, and genetics more closely resemble those of humans. Given its relatively high prevalence and incompletely understood pathogenesis, endometriosis is an important condition to model in a large-animal model. This protocol describes the laparoscopic induction of endometriosis in a preclinical swine model via autologous transplantation of endometrial tissue into the peritoneal cavity. Endometrial fragments are isolated shortly after standing estrus, minced into uniform pieces, and optionally labeled ex vivo with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dye-doped silica nanoparticles to enable fluorescent identification of ectopic lesions. The labeled or unlabeled tissue fragments are reintroduced into the abdominal cavity under sterile surgical conditions. The procedure is then followed by longitudinal monitoring and laparoscopic retrieval of endometriotic lesions. Development and application of a laparoscopic approach that is less invasive than cavity-breaching surgery enables multiple procedures to be performed in the same experimental animal. This large-animal model provides a reproducible, translational platform for studying endometriosis pathophysiology, imaging approaches, and therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48787,"journal":{"name":"Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments","volume":" 236","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}