Sustainable Cities and Society最新文献

{"title":"A multi-objective robust dispatch strategy for renewable energy microgrids considering multiple uncertainties","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for low-carbon transformations and the uncertainty of renewable energy sources and loads present significant challenges for the optimal dispatch of microgrid. This study proposed a multi-objective robust dispatch strategy to reduce the risks associated with the uncertainty of renewable energy source output and loads while promoting low-carbon and economical microgrid operation. The economic emission dispatch problem for a microgrid was formulated as a multi-objective robust dual-layer optimization model. Consequently, a high-dimensional adjustable linear polyhedral uncertainty set was proposed to describe the uncertainty of renewable energy sources and loads. This study transformed the original model into an easy-to-solve single-layer second-order cone programming optimal power flow optimization model by employing second-order cone relaxation and duality transformation. Thereafter, a synthetic membership function was proposed to determine the optimal compromise solution. To determine the charging and discharging statuses of the battery storage system and the electricity traded between the microgrid and the external power grid, a battery storage system control strategy based on time-of-use electricity prices and real-time power flow calculations was proposed. Simulations conducted on a modified IEEE-30 bus system demonstrated that the proposed strategy effectively reduced the economic costs and carbon emissions of the microgrid by 8.23 % and 2.43 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban-scale power decarbonization using a modified power purchase agreements framework based on Markowitz mean-variance theory","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban power decarbonization is essential in the fight against climate change, yet current research often neglects the financial risks faced by investors and the shifting demands of consumers in liberalized electricity markets. This study addresses these gaps by proposing a modified Markowitz Mean-Variance Portfolio (MVP) theory, integrated with the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP), and a deep learning model. On this basis, an urban energy transition framework centered on Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) is proposed and developed. The framework is validated considering a case study in Kitakyushu, Japan, highlighting its potential in accelerating power sector decarbonization and achieving net-zero emissions by 2038. Additionally, the internal rate of return (IRR) remains stable between 14.5 % and 19.6 % across seven other cities. While the framework reduces long-term cash flow volatility, its effectiveness hinges on industrial electrification efficiency and regional energy self-sufficiency. The findings indicate that relying solely on renewable energy for low-carbon transitions is unrealistic. Furthermore, green hydrogen could emerge as a viable alternative to fossil fuels, potentially replacing batteries for long-term energy storage. Future research should explore cross-regional energy trade and establish legal frameworks for long-term energy transactions to bolster urban energy transition resilience across diverse geographic and economic contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the coordination-difference-driven sustainability of 12 urban agglomerations in China based on the dynamic probability weighting method","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sustainable development of urban agglomerations represents a significant driving force in national and global development. This study establishes an indicator system comprising factors associated with the economy, society, and environment, in accordance with the Triple Bottom Line, to assess the sustainability of 12 urban agglomerations in China. A novel framework is proposed, including a dynamic probability weighting method based on sufficient stochastic simulations and a coordination-difference-driven aggregation approach that considers the coordination degree and differences between evaluated objects. The evaluation revealed significant regional disparities in urban agglomeration sustainability from 2012 to 2021. The eastern region's Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, and Shandong Peninsula exhibit above-average sustainability performance. Conversely, the western region's Guangzhong, Guangxi Beibu Gulf, Chengyu, and Ningxia Yellow River regions exhibit below-average performance. Moreover, the growth rate of sustainability values for the 12 urban agglomerations followed a downward trajectory. Furthermore, the environmental dimension is the primary driver of sustainable development in urban agglomerations, while the economic dimension represents the main obstacle. These findings offer policymakers a scientific and practical framework to guide sustainability-related decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scenario simulation of carbon balance in carbon peak pilot cities under the background of the \"dual carbon\" goals","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under the \"dual carbon\" goals, targeting issues such as the difficulty in changing the high-carbon economic development model in pilot cities and the inability of previous prediction models to meet current needs, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of carbon stocks and emissions in a peak pilot City spanning from 2000 to 2020. Utilizing the PLUS model, this study forecasts land use/cover data under diverse future scenarios, encompassing natural development (ND) as well as ecological protection (EP). Moreover, the Bi-LSTM deep learning model is developed using six influencing factors to simulate carbon emissions. The research also examined the spatiotemporal changes in carbon budget and balance. The findings of the study reveal several significant conclusions:(1) The PLUS model demonstrated high predictive accuracy in forecasting future land-use types, achieving an average overall accuracy exceeding 0.89 and a Kappa value of 0.8568; The Bi-LSTM model achieved the highest accuracy among all competing models, with an <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> score reaching 0.864. (2) Under the EP scenario from 2020 to 2030, the rate of decline in carbon storage has slowed down (<span><math><mrow><mn>6.44</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>×</mo><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mn>6</mn></msup><mspace></mspace><mi>t</mi></mrow></math></span> of carbon storage have been avoided from disappearing), and land use efficiency has significantly improved. Due to the protection of ecological land, a certain carbon sink effect has been generated, resulting in lower regional carbon emissions compared to the ND scenario, emphasizing the importance and necessity of setting ecological red lines for carbon stock optimization. (3) Carbon payment areas are primarily concentrated in urban centers, and over time, these areas and carbon compensation zones each account half of the total area. (4) Under different scenarios, the carbon balance of built land has been partially mitigated, and the overall trend is developing favorably.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of anthropogenic heat with asthma and related symptoms among children in China: A novel index reflecting climate change","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anthropogenic heat (AH) is defined as the significant release of waste heat into the environment due to human activities, serving as a controllable heat source contributing to global climate change. However, epidemiological evidence establishing a clear association between AH and childhood asthma is currently lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To explore the relationship between children's exposure to AH and asthma, as well as its related symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This population-based cross-sectional study, part of the National Chinese Children Health Study from 2012 to 2018, involved 188,145 children aged 6 to 18 years. We used multisource remote sensing images and ancillary data to estimate AH exposure. Data on asthma symptoms were collected through validated self-reported questionnaires. A generalized linear mixed model was applied to determine the associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicate a positive correlation between AH exposure and asthma risk in children. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in total AH was linked to higher odds of current asthma (OR: 1.15, 95 % CI: 1.10, 1.20) after adjusting for covariates. Categorizing AH by source, industrial AH exhibited the strongest effect, with an increased risk of current asthma (OR: 1.16, 95 % CI: 1.11, 1.22). Notably, younger children exhibited stronger associations between AH exposure and asthma-related symptoms, with boys showing heightened susceptibility, particularly for persistent cough.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study suggests that exposure to AH may elevate the risk of asthma and related symptoms, particularly in boys and younger children. Providing a foundation for developing practical strategies to mitigate the adverse impacts of global warming on respiratory health, while also guiding the formulation and evaluation of climate action and public health policies, and supporting sustainable urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-stage optimal scheduling for flexibility and resilience tradeoff of PV-battery building via smart grid communication","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy flexibility and energy resilience are now becoming new key features of building energy systems under the context of climate change and energy transition. During the system operation phase, these two performance indexes might be contradictory and require tradeoff. The main contribution of this study is to propose a two-stage mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model to optimally tradeoff between flexibility and resilience. Its main idea is to improve the resilience of building energy system with minimum constraints on system flexibility using the outage risk information provided by smart grid. Two new concepts are considered in the proposed method, including self-sufficient requirement and continuous outage probability. The insight is to add additional penalty for the time step in which its battery state of charge (SOC) is far from self-sufficient requirement while the corresponding continuous outage probability is high. To validate our proposed method, a probabilistic outage simulation model is developed using sigmoid function and Markov Chain. Comprehensive numerical studies are conducted to compare the proposed method with traditional economic mode and backup mode under two outage patterns. The results demonstrate that the proposed method only uses 6.7 % additional operation cost such that 78.3 % of baseload curtailment and 81.1 % of user discomfort are reduced. The proposed MILP model can provide practical guideline for the flexibility and resilience tradeoff of distributed energy resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to evaluate the reduction effect of the park on PM2.5? Exploratory application of the maximum and cumulative perspective","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban parks have been widely proved to be effective in reducing particulate matter pollution, but there is still a knowledge gap in quantitatively evaluating their reduction effects. The purpose of this study is to develop a new method to quantify the reduction effect of PM_2.5 in urban parks through high-precision spatio-temporal monitoring experiments in 22 typical urban parks in Shenyang, China, so as to fill this gap. In this study, the cubic polynomial function model was used for the first time to establish the relationship curve between PM_2.5 concentration inside and outside the park at different distances. The results showed that the park PM_2.5 reduction magnitude and distance were about 5.04–10.14 ug/m³ and 149.47–150.19 m, respectively. Partial correlation analysis revealed that the relationship between the reduction evaluation indexes and the environmental factors had time heterogeneity. The park's internal characteristics and surrounding building environment was the key factor affecting the park PM_2.5 reduction effect. In addition, parks smaller than 4.71 hm² demonstrated better PM_2.5 reduction efficiency. In conclusion, this study provides a new quantitative approach to evaluating the park PM_2.5 reduction effect and offers data-driven insights for optimizing park planning to enhance the permeability of these effects beyond park boundaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health impacts of climate resilient city development: Evidence from China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the health impacts of Climate Resilient City (<em>CRC</em>) policies using a difference-in-differences methodology. Our findings demonstrate that <em>CRC</em> policies significantly improve public health, particularly benefiting vulnerable populations and residents in regions with extreme temperatures. Mechanism analysis reveals that these policies enhance urban climate resilience through improved water management, air pollution reduction, energy conservation, and strengthened social capital. Moreover, our results show that <em>CRC</em> policies help reduce health disparities linked to differences in medical resources and climate conditions. This study provides crucial insights for policymakers in designing effective climate and public health strategies, emphasizing the importance of climate-resilient urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nighttime Street View Imagery: A new perspective for sensing urban lighting landscape","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban lighting reflects nocturnal activities and it is traditionally observed using Nighttime Lights (NTL) satellite imagery. Few studies systematically measure the nightscape from a human perspective. This study brings a new paradigm — urban lighting sensing via Nighttime Street View Imagery (SVI). The paradigm draws on the accomplishments of (daytime) SVI and gives attention to its ignored nighttime counterpart. We put forward this idea by manually collecting 2,831 nighttime SVIs across various urban functional areas in Singapore. We investigated their values by developing a use case for clustering nighttime lighting patterns. To mitigate the scarcity of nighttime SVI, deep learning regression models were trained to predict nighttime brightness based on corresponding daytime SVIs obtained from widely available sources. The results were compared with brightness data derived from satellite imagery, to affirm the novelty and uniqueness of nighttime SVI. As a result, there are 7 lighting patterns within the collected nighttime SVI, distinct in lighted spot features and total brightness. The identified patterns effectively characterize different urban function scenarios. The best trained brightness prediction model performs well in revealing the city-scale lighting landscape. The SVI-predicted brightness shows a distribution similar to the brightness from satellite imagery and complements it in urban areas with complex vertical lighting structures. This study demonstrates the potential of nighttime SVI as a valuable data source for mapping urban lighting and activities, offering advantages over satellite data. The proposed paradigm contributes significantly to cross-modal information mining in urban studies and has potential applications in scenarios such as light pollution mitigation and crime prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the global economic and mortality effects of rising urban heat island intensity","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing severity of urban heat island (UHI) effects poses a significant concern in cities, where to over half of the world's population lives. We examine the pattern of surface UHI intensity (SUHII) and its effect on urban economic productivity and mortality across 171 countries from 2003 to 2018. Countries with heavy industrial/manufacturing bases and higher income levels face more significant economic repercussions from SUHII. Males experience higher mortality rates under comparable SUHII conditions. A unit increase in GNI correlates to a 23.2 % rise in SUHII's effect on GDP and a 5.5 % increase in its effect on mortality rate. A higher Socio-Demographic Index mitigates SUHII's impact on urban GDP. Moreover, the Gini index directly impacts SUHII more than it affects SUHII-related mortality through inequality. Reducing income inequality by one unit will increase the enhancing effect of SUHII on the mortality rate by 11.8 %. Our findings reveal a significant link between wealth disparity and amplified health risks associated with SUHII, potentially leading to new forms of urban inequality. The study highlights the importance of development status and economic composition in facing UHI-related challenges and recommends equitable strategies for policymakers and urban planners to mitigate UHI effects in diverse developmental contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}