Sustainable Cities and Society最新文献

{"title":"Revealing multiscale and nonlinear effects of urban green spaces on heat islands in high-density cities: Insights from MSPA and machine learning","authors":"Qikang Zhong ,&nbsp;Zhe Li ,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhu ,&nbsp;Chao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban heat islands (UHI), intensified by global warming and urbanization, threaten urban sustainability and public health. This study examines the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban green spaces (UGS) in Shanghai (2000–2020), focusing on spatial scale effects, morphological patterns, and nonlinear relationships. Using Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA), Pearson correlation, and random forest models, the study explores UGS-UHI interactions. The results reveal a 49.6 % reduction in UGS area (from 2808.48 km² to 1414.72 km²), accompanied by fragmentation of Core and Bridge patterns, and a rise in land surface temperature (LST) from 42.91 °C to 45.22 °C. Core areas decreased by 48.8 % during 2000–2011 but rebounded to 30 % of total UGS by 2020. Bridge areas, vital for connectivity, dropped sharply from 25 % in 2011 to 9 % in 2020. At the 300-meter scale, UGS showed strong linear cooling effects, while at the 1200-meter scale, nonlinear relationships emerged, with Core areas ≥0.5 km² significantly reducing UHI. Fragmented patterns like Islet (rising from 10 % to 23 % during 2005–2011) intensified UHI, while Loop and Bridge patterns mitigated heat by enhancing connectivity. This study advances understanding of UGS-UHI dynamics, emphasizing scale-dependent and morphological thresholds. The findings provide actionable insights for climate-resilient urban planning, supporting SDG 11 and SDG 13.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 106173"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of social vulnerability to natural hazards: Trends and projections from 2002 to 2030 in northwestern Iran","authors":"Abolfazl Jaafari ,&nbsp;Davood Mafi-Gholami ,&nbsp;Bahram Choubin","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The significant economic and human toll of natural hazards underscores the need for robust management strategies, particularly county- and community-level vulnerability initiatives to mitigate the devastating impacts of these natural hazards on vulnerable populations. Here, we assessed and quantified the social vulnerability to natural hazards, specifically floods, in 17 northwestern Iran counties from 2002 to 2022, with projections for 2030. We modeled and mapped flood vulnerability, then used expert opinion to weigh exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity indicators, forming a Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI). Experts identified population density, age demographics, and healthcare infrastructure as the most important variables contributing to social vulnerability to natural hazards. Spatiotemporal analysis showed a 20-year upward SoVI trend for 24 % of counties, while 76 % decreased. Projections for 2030 suggested a decrease in vulnerability for 65 % of counties, with an increase for the remaining 35 %. Our study revealed that social vulnerability is context-specific and warrants individual assessments across various counties to effectively address the disparities in vulnerability indicators among different socio-economic sectors. While we primarily concentrated on a specific province in Iran, the findings and strategic insights hold global relevance, potentially enhancing the efficacy of social vulnerability assessments worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 106172"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of number of sensors on source term estimation performance in complex urban neighborhood","authors":"Zhenzhe Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When a hazardous substance leakage accident occurs, Source Term Estimation (STE) can swiftly provide crucial information about the leaked substance to mitigate the threat posed to the environment and public safety. A well-designed sensor configuration serves as the cornerstone for accurately estimating source parameters. Most existing sensor configuration design methods optimize the layout of sensors according to a determined number of sensors. Few researchers analyze the impact of sensor numbers on STE performance, and it is still unclear how to obtain the optimal number of sensors for complex blocks. This paper selects three different types of typical residential communities as cases for modeling, studies the impact of sensor quantity on STE, and proposes corresponding methods for determining the optimal number of sensors. The results indicate that in complex urban neighborhoods, the number of sensors selected should be between 1 and 2 times the number of buildings, which allows emergency response personnel to have a high probability of searching for real sources within 1 to 2 nearby blocks based on STE results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 106174"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the coordinated development and influencing factors between urban population and environment: A case study of 35 metropolises in China","authors":"Yangmingxin Tan ,&nbsp;Yangfeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Houbo Zhou ,&nbsp;Lijie Gao ,&nbsp;Longyu Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Balancing the relationship between population and environment is crucial for urban sustainability nowadays. Research on the coordinated development of population and environment from the perspective of city size is relatively scarce. This study constructed a comprehensive evaluation system for demographic and environmental systems. It applied a relative development index, a modified coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, an obstacle degree model, and a two-way fixed effects model to explore the development trends, coupling coordination relationships and influencing factors of the Population-Environment (P-E) complex system in 35 metropolitan cities in China from 2006 to 2022. The results indicated that (1) the development levels of population and environment had generally improved, and there were significant disparities in the population development level among cities of different sizes; (2) population development lagged behind environmental development, though they became gradually synchronized; (3) the CCD of P-E complex system increased with city sizes; (4) major factors influencing P-E coordination included population reproduction, environmental investments, aging and migration. Larger-scale cities like megacities should prioritize to mitigate population aging, narrow urban-rural income gap, strengthen pollution control, and balance gender structure. Smaller-scale cities can focus on optimizing industrial and employment structures. These findings provided suggestions to promote urban coordinated, high-quality and sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 106160"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of virtual energy hub with hybrid vehicles in power-transportation networks towards a low-carbon sustainable transition: A probabilistic regret adjustment","authors":"Guanwu Lin ,&nbsp;Bo Qi ,&nbsp;Changxi Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transportation is one of the main fields that leads to environmental issues from emission perspective. In the transition to a sustainable future, hybrid vehicles are an essential part of transportation for developing nations, helping to bridge the gap until fully electric vehicles are widely adopted. While electric vehicles have gained the significant attention of researchers, plug-in hybrid CNG electric vehicles (PH-CNG-EVs), playing a major role in the transportation system of developing countries, have not been thoroughly studied in terms of modeling and optimization. This paper focuses on modeling and optimizing PH-CNG-EVs and their charging stations within a virtual energy hub (VEH), where the power-to-gas (P-to-G) technology is proposed to address CO2 emissions arising from hybrid vehicles and other sources of energy by capturing and recycling of polluted carbon. However, the optimal operation of the proposed VEH is influenced by uncertainties including electricity and gas demands, energy market prices, and wind renewable generation. To manage the associated uncertainties, p-robust optimization is applied by scenario-based regret measure hoping to achieve risk-averse strategy. Results show that p-robust has imposed a 9.29 % reduction in revenue for reliability improvement, in addition to a 10 % emission reduction in the presence of the P-to-G facility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 106159"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to classify microclimates more validly and finely? A novel method for mapping local climate zone (LCZ) on micro-scales","authors":"Mengsheng Yang ,&nbsp;Yuan Li ,&nbsp;Yanan Du ,&nbsp;Yingfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Jingge Liu ,&nbsp;Lijuan Yang ,&nbsp;Jingxiong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global climate change and rapid urbanization are driving microclimate variations in urban areas, intensifying the formation of urban heat islands (UHIs) vulnerable to extreme weather. The local climate zone (LCZ) framework, using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS), has advanced with the World Urban Database and Access Portal Tool (WUDAPT), enabling microclimate understanding for improved urban planning and climate adaptation. However, mapping LCZs at the micro-scale relies on locally available GIS data or RS imagery, data gaps, authenticity issues, and low-resolution imagery often lead to inaccurate microclimate classifications. To enhance the validity and sophistication of microclimate classification, this study introduces a novel method for mapping LCZ using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry at the micro-scale (LCZ-UAV-MS), which constructs detailed land use and land cover (LULC) and 3D real scene (3DRS) models, calculates urban surface parameters (USPs) for each basic spatial unit (BSU) through spatial statistical analysis, and employs a decision-making classifier to categorize each BSU. This study validates the proposed method using Gulangyu as the study area, employing image overlay, temperature observation, and expert knowledge, with the following results: 1) Spatial percentage showing 51 % natural environments (LCZ A, B, C, and D), 27 % neutral environments (LCZ 7, 8, 9, 10, and Y), and 22 % built environments (LCZ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) in Gulangyu. 2) The variance in mean LST across different LCZs was 1.02 in January and 5.18 in August 2024, with temperature differences more pronounced in summer, where the built environment had a higher mean LST of 41.3 °C compared to 35.2 °C in the natural environment and 38.3 °C in the neutral environment. 3) Field research at 22 random sample sites showed that 95 % of LCZ-UAV-MS classifications matched the field, outperforming WUDAPT LCZ, which matched only 10 %. These demonstrate that the LCZ-UAV-MS accurately captures microclimate temperature variations and provides a more precise micro-scale description than the WUDAPT LCZ. This study bridges the gap of LCZ studies in specific regions and scales, enhances the applicability of the LCZ framework at the micro-scale, and provides technical support for urban blue-green infrastructure management and resilient climate design strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 106165"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does climate policy exacerbate spatial development inequality? Quasi-experimental evidence from China","authors":"Xiaoke Zhu ,&nbsp;Weigang Liu ,&nbsp;Jian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to examine the causal relationship between climate policy and spatial development inequality within cities. To this end, we leverage the temporal and spatial variations in the implementation of the low-carbon city pilot initiative (LCCPI) to perform a staggered difference-in-difference (DID) estimation. Our estimated results demonstrate that the LCCPI is associated with an approximate 4.4 % reduction in the Gini coefficient for nighttime light intensity. Our findings are robust to alternative measures and different specifications. Further mechanism analyses reveal that the LCCPI operates by narrowing the green innovation gap and improving the factor allocation. Notably, we observe a more pronounced decrease in spatial development inequality in resource-dependent and high-marketization cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 106166"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social vulnerability analysis of planned power outages: A spatial study of power outage in California caused by wildfire risk","authors":"Weiwei Xie,&nbsp;Qingmin Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public safety power shutoff (PSPS) has become an effective and commonly utilized strategy for mitigation of wildfire threats to safe operations of power systems. PSPS aims to cut down the supply of electricity for one area that has high wildfire risks to avoid the occurrence of fires sparked by power devices. However, vulnerable populations who depend on the availability of electricity have been ignored when PSPS decisions were made. To bridge this gap, this paper conducts a comprehensive social vulnerability analysis of the planned power outages in California, where diverse social factors including socioeconomic status, race and gender, community and neighborhood, and health, are considered. In addition to the traditional hierarchical and inductive social vulnerability index (SVI) methods, this study further employs a PCA-AHP (integrated principal component analysis and analytical hierarchical process) SVI method, incorporating expert knowledge in the computation of overall SVI, because people with health issues are suggested to be more vulnerable during the loss of electricity period. The results reveal spatial patterns of vulnerable social groups in historically impacted PSPS areas and suggest that PCA-AHP is a more informed and equitable PSPS decision-making process by integrating social vulnerability analysis, mitigating wildfire risks, and protecting the safety of power systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 106163"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring resilient alternatives in community energy systems planning to address parameter and structural hybrid uncertainties","authors":"Ruiyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zheng Li ,&nbsp;Pei Liu ,&nbsp;Adam D. Hawkes","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Community energy systems globally are undergoing profound revolution towards sustainability, but face significant uncertainties from varying community conditions and differing preferences of decision-makers. While stochastic programming addresses parameter uncertainties effectively, growing attention has been directed towards “modelling to generate alternatives” (MGA), which provides diverse near-cost-optimal solutions to accommodate the varied needs of decision-makers beyond the limits of finite model structures. However, it is rarely recognized that these alternatives may differ significantly beyond economics, particularly in system resilience to renewable fluctuations, posing risks in achieving a sustainable and reliable community energy future through diversification. By introducing “modeling to generate resilience” (MGR), we propose a hierarchical algorithm and a quantile sampling to identify diverse and resilient alternatives, addressing both parameter uncertainty in renewables and structural uncertainty arising from model imperfections. With a campus community case, we find alternatives generated by tradition MGA may experience resilience degradation, while the modified algorithm ensures both diversity and resilience, reducing the average energy deficiency by 65%. Quantile sampling reveals four resilience characteristics within near-optimal space, navigating decision-makers in flexibly adjusting technology installations while ensuring system resilience. This offers practical insights for reliable energy infrastructure deployment under hybrid uncertainties incorporating diverse decision preferences and variable real-world conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 106161"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the synergy between carbon reduction and pollution control in the process of new-type urbanization: Evidence from China's five major urban agglomerations","authors":"Kewen Wang ,&nbsp;Chuanglin Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a sustainable transformation of urbanization, it is unclear whether China's new-type urbanization (<em>NTU</em>) can promote the collaborative governance of carbon reduction (<em>CR</em>) and pollution control (<em>PC</em>). Based on the data of China's five major urban agglomerations, this study constructed a systematic framework consisting of synergy measurement, relationship exploration and driver analysis to reveal the synergy between <em>CR</em> and <em>PC</em> in the process of <em>NTU</em>. The results indicated that with the steady growth of <em>CR</em> and <em>PC</em>, the coupling coordination degree of the two increased from 0.6457 to 0.9030 in 2014–2022, upgrading from primary synergy to excellent synergy. From the perspective of decoupling, all urban agglomerations improved the relationship between <em>NTU</em> and <em>CR</em>/<em>PC</em> with 89 and 92 cities exhibiting the state of strong decoupling, respectively, but there were differences in the decoupling types of cities within each subsystem of <em>NTU</em>. Overall, <em>NTU</em> and its subsystems significantly drove the synergy between <em>CR</em> and <em>PC</em>, while the driving effects presented a spatial heterogeneity. The Yangtze River Delta was the only urban agglomeration that fulfilled the driving effects of all subsystems of <em>NTU</em>. These findings provide theoretical and empirical values for taking advantage of <em>NTU</em> to mitigate climate change and optimize air quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 106154"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}