Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"A novel facial recognition technique with focusing on masked faces","authors":"Dana A Abdullah ,&nbsp;Dana Rasul Hamad ,&nbsp;Ismail Y. Maolood ,&nbsp;Hakem Beitollahi ,&nbsp;Aso K. Ameen ,&nbsp;Sirwan A. Aula ,&nbsp;Abdulhady Abas Abdulla ,&nbsp;Mohammed Y. Shakor ,&nbsp;Sabat Salih Muhamad","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recognition of the same faces masked and unmasked is a paramount function in preserving consistent recognition in public security, safety, and access control. Facial recognition technologies have been seriously tested with the widespread use of masks due to infectious diseases in recent years, which cover key facial areas and reduce identification levels. In this paper, we introduce a novel Masked-Unmasked Face Matching Model (MUFM) that uniquely leverages cosine similarity to match masked and unmasked face images a task that, to our knowledge, has not been addressed before. Our approach uses transfer learning with pre-trained VGG-16 for discriminative facial feature extraction followed by feature structuring using a K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) classifier. The most significant innovation is the utilization of cosine similarity to compare feature embeddings, such that strong identification is possible even when critical facial regions are obscured. To establish the model proposed, we have developed a comprehensive dataset from three different sources i.e., real-world pictures resulting in 95% recognition. This work not only addresses a vital gap in occluded face recognition but also offers a scalable solution to security and surveillance activities across environments with varying occlusion rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 103350"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of flow reduction on the river morphology during bridge rehabilitation","authors":"Fatma Samir","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction and rehabilitation of bridges are critical infrastructure activities that can significantly impact river morphology and hydrology, particularly during the implementation phase. El Moneab Bridge on El Dahab Island was used as a case study to examine the effects of bridge rehabilitation on the morphology of the Nile River. A numerical model was developed to simulate the river system and assess the impact of various scenarios involving the reduction of the water cross-sectional area due to bridge rehabilitation phases. The model considers multiple scenarios under critical conditions to evaluate the hydrodynamic and morphological changes in the river. Results indicate that reducing the effective water crossing area notably affects both the river’s hydrology and morphology. The study concludes that conducting bridge rehabilitation during periods of minimum discharge can mitigate the negative impacts on riverbed stability and morphology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 103359"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical investigation of hindrances of applying Lean in Egyptian constructions","authors":"Eman.N. Shaqour ,&nbsp;Mai S. Azzam ,&nbsp;Rashwan T.N. Almashhour","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lean Construction (LC), in particular, stands out as a new approach compared to conventional construction managing methods, promising significant transformation within the construction sector. This investigation seeks to specify the distinctive obstacles connected to adopting (LC) in Egypt, with the expectation that this knowledge will encourage the practice of (LC) techniques, finally contributing to improving the Egyptian construction sector. In order to reach the results, this research uses a desk study to analyze the literature review to specify hindrances from previous researches. Then, classify the collected hindrances into five groups. This research was executed in Egypt, and a questionnaire tool was applied to construction sector specialists who operate in construction sites within the Administrative capital and have knowledge of (LC) concepts. One hundred sixty-two respondents answered the questionnaire. Results show that the first five influential hindrances are Shortage of skilled labor, Lack of familiarity with Lean, Shortage of knowledge of Lean, Bad documentation, and poor material management. Results also show that awareness-related hindrances indicate they are the main hindrances from the point of view of construction professionals in Egypt, and there is a need for more understanding and familiarity with (LC) principles and practices among construction professionals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 103349"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable shear strengthening of defected RC beams using aluminum boxes and high-performance concretes","authors":"Mohamed Ghalla ,&nbsp;Alireza Bahrami ,&nbsp;Moataz Badawi ,&nbsp;Galal Elsamak ,&nbsp;Mohamed Emara ,&nbsp;Ali Mohamed Abdallah","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the quest for sustainable and resilient structures, the enhancement of reinforced concrete (RC) beams has emerged as a critical area of research. Traditional strategies of shear strengthening often involve materials and techniques that are neither environmentally friendly nor cost-effective. This investigation aimed to improve shear resistance of RC beams exhibiting pre-existing shear deficiencies, strengthened using aluminum boxes containing high-performance concretes (HPCs). The experimental program involved testing eleven RC beams under three-point bending, with different parameters such as number of boxes, type of filling concrete, and existence of reinforcement within the aluminum boxes. The outcomes revealed that employing aluminum boxes considerably augmented the shear resistance of such beams, preventing brittle shear collapse and enhancing load-bearing capacity, stiffness, ductility, and energy absorption. Among tested HPCs, ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) demonstrated superior resistance compared to other types, especially when combined with steel or glass fiber reinforced polymer bars. Utilizing UHPC led to a significant improvement in the beam performance: stiffness and ultimate load increased by up to 99 % and 28 %, respectively, while achieving a more desired flexural failure mode. Also, the study proposed a formula to predict the shear capacity of beams enhanced with the proposed technique. The effectiveness of this formula as a useful tool for design and analysis was confirmed by its strong agreement with the experimental and finite element results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 103354"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the relationship between the level of BIM maturity and the value generated in construction projects in Colombia","authors":"Zulay Giménez ,&nbsp;Héctor Hernández ,&nbsp;Juan P. Leyva Londoño ,&nbsp;Paula A. Castro Bedoya ,&nbsp;Nelly P. Garcia-Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Building Information Modeling (BIM) is widely advocated for its potential benefits in construction projects. However, a gap remains in understanding how higher levels of BIM maturity could significantly influence the value generated in both project processes and outcomes. Previous studies and industry practices have neither aligned these concepts nor explored value attributes in a more comprehensive manner, considering value in a broader sense beyond costs and schedules, which has resulted in constrained outcomes. This study addresses this gap by employing the Arup BIM Maturity Model, which evaluates projects and their disciplines across six levels, alongside the Value Analysis Model, designed to measure value using numerical indicators. The main objective is to explore the potential relationship between BIM maturity and value generation in construction projects. A qualitative approach was adopted, including semi-structured face-to-face or online interviews with 30 professionals involved in projects with varying levels of BIM implementation in Colombia, focusing on factors such as experience, adoption levels, projects disciplines and perceived value impacts. The findings reveal significant correlations between BIM maturity categories and value generation outcomes, particularly in project, architecture, and mechanical disciplines, while lower correlations were observed in the electrical, plumbing, and structural categories. The BIM Champion role emerged as a critical driver of value, supported by Employer Information Requirements, BIM Design Data Review, and the BIM Execution Plan. High BIM maturity scores were noted in 3D Coordination and LOD practices, with lower scores in 4D, 5D, and links to engineering tools. Positive relationships were identified between BIM maturity and value attributes such as information flow, cost, and time. These results highlight opportunities to enhance BIM adoption in Colombia, offering empirical evidence of the relationship between BIM maturity levels and value generation. This research fills a gap in the literature on the practical application of BIM Maturity Models, providing actionable insights for AEC practitioners to optimize BIM adoption and maximize its benefits. By strategically leveraging BIM, this study contributes to improved project outcomes and establishes a foundation for future research in this domain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 103351"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable wastewater management: A case study in Rize sewage network","authors":"Veli Süme ,&nbsp;Rasoul Daneshfaraz ,&nbsp;Hasan Oğulcan Marangoz ,&nbsp;Ehsan Aminvash","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As of today, approximately 8 billion 73 million 859 thousand 407 people live on Earth and the world population continues to increase day by day. Despite this, water need and water use parallels the increasing population and developing industry. The increase in water consumption brings with it wastewater problems. In this study, Rize sewage network (In Turkey) and deep discharge systems are discussed regarding wastewater management. Solutions in accordance with wastewater legislation were sought for the problems identified as a result of the situation assessment. As a solution, the improvement of the existing system, the new deep sea discharge project, and the district sewage network projects to be connected to the main line were examined. The calculation criteria and population projections of the new system planned to ensure Sustainable Wastewater Management were evaluated and its contributions to wastewater management were examined by integrating it into the existing system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 103345"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of retrofitting smart glass on office building Façade to enhance thermal comfort and energy consumption in hot arid climates (Case study in Egypt)","authors":"MennatAllah Hassan,&nbsp;Samaa Alaa,&nbsp;Farah Sherief","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal comfort and energy consumption are critical factors to consider while designing spaces to improve a building’s performance. Due to economic development, an increase in the number of commercial buildings has evolved. There are various elements in office buildings’ design that directly influence thermal comfort and electrical usage, such as the building’s envelope. The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 of ensuring access to inexpensive and reliable energy is crucial when choosing building materials, particularly particle board, as its application has a significant impact on energy consumption. According to the current expansion in the number of office buildings having transparent building facades, a negative impact on indoor thermal comfort and energy consumption has been elevated. Therefore, innovative glazing technology such as smart glass is a suitable alternative to enhance the facade thermal performance. Thus, the aim of this research is to test both, the traditional and smart glass types on building’s façade through a calibrated model in a hot arid environment and optimize different smart glass alternatives to improve the indoor thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption. This is achieved through an analytical approach is conducted using quantitative simulation data using case study (The Arab Academy for Science, Technology, and Maritime Transport AASTMT) to test the impact of smart glass on the energy consumption without compromising the thermal comfort using Design Builder. The obtained results demonstrate that integrating any type of smart glass into office building transparent façade significantly contributes to the achievement of better interior thermal comfort as well as reduction in building’s electrical consumption. For instance, the best results were obtained when the Suspended Particle Devices SPD smart glass was tested, which reduced the total site energy and unmet hours by 46 % and 92 % respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 103333"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of supply head variations on the performance of hydraulic ram pumps","authors":"Karim Kriaa","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the performance of a hydraulic ram pump under varying operational conditions, with a focus on the effect of head supply at a fixed delivery head on flow rate, pressure fluctuations and efficiency. The experimental setup involved adjusting the water supply height to simulate different pumping scenarios, with precise measurements of water flow, pump frequency and pressure surges recorded using Arduino-based sensors. The results show that as the head height difference (denoted as h) between the supply and delivery decreases, the pump’s frequency of operation increases, indicating faster cycling at lower heights. However, this did not result in a proportional increase in efficiency. The highest efficiency was 10.4 %, with the lowest waste percentage of 97.57 %, when the head height was 148 cm; here, the pump was able to deliver the most water with the least wastage at 1.5 mL/s. Even though the flow rate increases with increasing head height-in this case, 168 cm, 163 cm, and 158 cm-the efficiency goes down and the waste percentage remains high, indicating that higher head heights do not lead to better overall performance. Pressure surge measurements revealed the highest amplitudes at greater head heights, but these did not correlate with improved pumping efficiency. The findings indicate that the ram pump’s performance is optimized at 148 cm, where a balance between efficiency and water delivery occurs, though significant water wastage remains. This study highlights the importance of optimizing head height and underscores the potential for further improvements in the pump’s water utilization efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 103352"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An adaptive IRS adjusting algorithm aids communication in heterogeneous cognitive radio networks","authors":"Xiaoying Zhu ,&nbsp;Shi Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Xu ,&nbsp;Yi Lou ,&nbsp;Hao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we present an adaptive intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) adjusting algorithm designed to enhance the communication quality of secondary users (SUs) within heterogeneous cognitive radio networks (CRNs), using a cross-layer analysis approach. Initially, a Markov model is established based on queue analysis of SUs' buffer. Subsequently, to optimize the diagonal reflection coefficient matrix of the IRS, we derive the key objectives of the established multi-objective optimization problem, including potential throughput, data packet rejection rate, and data packet queue length of SUs, into closed-form expressions. Thereafter, the optimal solution guides the dynamic pre-adjustment of IRS by the station. Simulation results verify the superior performance of the proposed algorithm, particularly in terms of spectral efficiency and bit error rate, compared to existing methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 5","pages":"Article 103343"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of high discharge estuarine hydrodynamic model","authors":"Shahirah Hayati Mohd Salleh ,&nbsp;Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar ,&nbsp;Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud ,&nbsp;Nuryazmeen Farhan Haron ,&nbsp;Nuraziemah Abd Rashid ,&nbsp;Nor Aslinda Awang","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complexity of physical processes in an estuary provides challenges to develop a functional and reliable model. There is a lack of systematic method in calibrating and validating the model in reducing the time of processing the model which can take a longer time of analysis. This study presents a systematic calibration and validation approach for the TELEMAC-2D hydrodynamic model of a tropical estuary with high river discharge. Key parameters, including tidal prior current speed, time steps, friction coefficient, iteration, velocity diffusivity, and Courant number, were optimized. Model sensitivity analysis was conducted, and the bottom friction was calibrated using the Nikuradse law. The model achieved strong agreement with observation data (R² = 0.95, RMSE = 0.17, <em>Ks</em> = 0.32), demonstrating its reliability for simulating tropical estuarine hydrodynamics. This study emphasizes Courant number optimization, enhancing model stability, accuracy, and efficiency for reliable estuarine simulations and informed coastal management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103322"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}