Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Advanced EEG signal processing with deep autoencoders and hybrid Mamba classifier for accurate classification of chronic neuropathic pain etiologies","authors":"Ümit Şentürk","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a groundbreaking framework that leverages deep autoencoders and a novel hybrid Mamba classifier to enhance the objective classification of chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) etiologies using EEG signals, addressing a critical gap in pain diagnostics. Chronic neuropathic pain is a multifaceted condition characterized by diverse symptoms and etiologies, making accurate diagnosis challenging due to reliance on subjective assessments. The primary aim of this research is to develop a data-driven, scalable solution capable of classifying six distinct CNP categories, including diabetes-related neuropathy, spinal cord injury (SCI), and trigeminal neuralgia, with exceptional precision. Our unique contribution lies in the integration of deep learning for EEG feature extraction and the hybrid Mamba classifier, combining the strengths of traditional and advanced machine learning techniques for unparalleled accuracy. Using a dataset of 36 patients, EEG signals were preprocessed through artifact removal, segmentation, and balancing via the SMOTE algorithm. The model achieved superior performance metrics, including 99% accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), along with an AUC of 0.99 across all categories, significantly outperforming traditional models like SVM (AUC 0.97) and logistic regression (AUC 0.83). By identifying distinct EEG patterns linked to different pain types, this approach not only ensures diagnostic reliability but also supports personalized treatment planning. These findings underscore the transformative potential of integrating EEG-based biomarkers with advanced computational techniques, setting a new standard in neurophysiological pain diagnostics. Future work will focus on expanding datasets, incorporating multimodal data, and enabling real-time applications to further enhance clinical impact and generalizability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103436"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-power microwave continuous cracking system for hard ores","authors":"Feng Lin ,&nbsp;Ziyang Wang ,&nbsp;Yuntan Ao ,&nbsp;Shiping Li ,&nbsp;Xiangxin Su ,&nbsp;Yuxi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A pilot continuous high power microwave treatment system with a double-tube structure (to give adjustable ore thickness) and automatic reflection adjustment was designed. Sishanling granular iron ore was used as a research object. The action parameters of the system were designed and optimized and their rationality verified experimentally. The results of numerical simulation show that the position of the short-circuit plate has little effect on the uniformity of the temperature distribution, and the double-tube structure (pipe diameters 16 and 6 cm) and double-sided radiation can improve the heating uniformity of the ore. Compared to other particle sizes, when the size of the ore particles is 0–14 mm, the power critical point for large-scale arc phenomenon is higher (80 kW). The microwaves in a double-tube structure (pipe diameters 16 and 6 cm) significantly improved the efficiency of the ball milling and dissociation processes compared with a single-tube structure (pipe diameter 20 cm). Finally, a design scheme is proposed for ores with different microwave sensitivities (pipe diameters and ore particle sizes).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103440"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variance-based reconfigurable modules for mode decision in intra prediction algorithm","authors":"Vanila Sildas ,&nbsp;Premanand Venkatesh Chandramani ,&nbsp;R Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Rathinam Ananthanarayanan","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work is to design and migrate the hardware architecture implementation from static configuration to dynamic reconfiguration by investigating the viability of five types of intra prediction mode decision based on Similarity index in H.264 video processing. The variance-based five Similarity indices of cosine Similarity, sum of absolute differences (SAD), sum of squared differences (SSD), Hamming distance, and Euclidean distance are proposed to identify the best mode selection in the H.264 intra prediction process. The input parameter for Similarity selection was the variance-based threshold of the original block. The Similarity-based mode decision algorithm is reconfigurable hardware units made to perform nine modes of operations. A reconfigurable hardware implementation of system-on-chip architecture is compared in terms of power usage, resource utilization, and reconfiguration time for all the Similarity procedures. The variance-based hamming distance intra prediction algorithm can achieve 44% computational complexity reduction to select the optimal mode with minimum hardware resource utilisation compared to other proposed techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103403"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An EMI suppression method based on impedance characteristics modeling and measurement of piezoelectric ceramics","authors":"Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Yan,&nbsp;Mengxia Zhou,&nbsp;Yang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To ensure that the low-frequency conducted interference of switch-mode power supplies (SMPSs) meets electromagnetic compatibility standards, it typically requires the use of chokes with high inductance values. This approach not only increases the size and weight of SMPSs but also reduces their power density. Therefore, this paper proposes an electromagnetic Interference (EMI) suppression method based on impedance characteristics modeling and measurement of piezoelectric ceramics (PZTs). A PZT can generate a low-impedance propagation path for conducted interference at its resonance frequency. Based on this impedance characteristic, this paper establishes a model between the resonance frequency and the dimensions under the contour vibration mode of PZTs. By using this model, the resonance frequency of piezoelectric ceramics can be accurately predicted by designing their dimensions, thereby achieving targeted suppression of specific frequency EMI. Based on the measurement results, the PZT suppresses the interference peak at the switching frequency of the SMPS by 25.1 dB, which is 12.5 dB better than the traditional method. Additionally, using the PZT as a conducted interference suppression component in the passive EMI filter can reduce its volume by 68.18 % and weight by 70.52 %. This paper also analyzes the anti-resonance phenomenon generated by PZTs and how to utilize the method of parallel-connected capacitors to offset their negative impact. Finally, this paper investigates how to use the method of parallel-connected PZTs to suppress EMI at multiple frequencies in SMPSs to further improve the filtering efficiency of PZTs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103435"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimum sizing of hybrid renewable energy system with biomass backup of Egypt’s Western Desert","authors":"Mohamed M. Torad ,&nbsp;Sayed H.A. Elbanna ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. El-Dabah ,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Zaki Diab","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an optimized design of an off-grid microgrid capable of fulfilling the year-round power demands of a remote area in Egypt. The proposed system combines photovoltaic, Wind Turbine (WT), backed by batteries, and biomass technologies to ensure consistency and eco-friendliness with fewer pollutants. A comprehensive analysis using HOMER Pro software was utilized to identify the optimum design, considering the energy demand, renewable resource availability, and net present cost (NPC) of the system. The results show that the optimal design includes a solar Photovoltaic (PV) system, WT, backed up by batteries, and a stand-by biomass generator (BIOMG). The design can significantly decrease reliance on conventional energy sources and promote the growth of renewable energy in the region. This study is considered the cheapest model in this configuration (PV, WT, Batteries, BIOMG) if compared to previous studies in the same location through a total NPC of USD3,483,519.00and the best cost of energy (COE) of USD0.118. Additionally, the proposed system decreases emissions that contribute to global warming with a GHG of 28,516 tons/year. A sensitivity analysis of the uncertainty of renewable resources and economics has been conducted. The sensitivity analysis illustrates the variety of results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103402"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic algorithm-based PTS with CNN for PAPR and BER reduction in FBMC systems under fading channels","authors":"Arun Kumar ,&nbsp;Aziz Nanthaamornphong","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC) is a promising candidate for next-generation wireless systems because of its superior spectral efficiency and resilience to synchronization errors. However, its high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) remains a critical challenge that affects the power efficiency and nonlinear distortion performance. This study proposes a GA-assisted partial transmit sequence with a convolutional neural network (GA-PTS + CNN) technique to effectively mitigate PAPR in FBMC systems. The method optimally selects phase factors using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) while leveraging a CNN for adaptive learning, accelerating convergence, and improving system robustness. The proposed approach was validated through numerical simulations under Rayleigh and Rician fading channels and compared with conventional PAPR reduction techniques, including Clipping and Filtering (C&amp;F), Selective Mapping (SLM), Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)-aided PTS. The results demonstrate a 2–3 dB PAPR reduction, lowering the FBMC’s peak PAPR from 10 dB to approximately 7 dB in Rayleigh fading, with a 1.5–3 dB reduction in Rician fading. Bit Error Rate (BER) analysis reveals an SNR gain of 2.5–6.5 dB at BER = 10⁻⁴ with 256-QAM in Rayleigh fading and 3–5 dB gain in Rician fading, with consistent improvements for 64-QAM (4–10 dB gain). Additionally, Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis confirmed the enhanced spectral efficiency. These findings highlight GA-PTS + CNN as a practical and robust solution for future wireless networks, including 5G and beyond, in which PAPR reduction, BER improvement, and efficient spectrum utilization are crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103434"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear convective heat transfer in Maxwell nanofluids with quadratic thermal stratification over a Magnetized inclined Surface: Applications towards engineering Industry","authors":"Abbas Khan ,&nbsp;Hashim ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farooq ,&nbsp;Wasim Jamshed ,&nbsp;Basim M. Makhdoum ,&nbsp;Nor Ain Azeany Mohd Nasir","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work studies nonlinear mixed convection and nonlinear stratification effects in Maxwell nanofluid flow over an inclined stretching sheet. This research has widespread uses in the fields of medicine, paper and pulp, polymer processing, nuclear power plants, solar collectors, and electronic cooling. The characteristics of heat transfer for Iron oxide (<span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>) nanoparticles dispersed in base fluid blood and silicone oil are the main focus of the investigation. Due to <span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> being photo-catalytic, the nanofluid improves its thermal characteristics, which makes it valuable in medical applications. Radiative heat flux, convective boundary conditions, an inclined magnetic field and quadratic mixed convection effects are included in this analysis. Higher-order ODEs are obtained from governing equations, and the ND Solve method is used to solve them numerically. The results are validated by comparing them with previous research and exhibit good agreement. Important factors that affect temperature and velocity profiles are Deborah number, Lorentz force, thermal Grashof number, and thermal Biot number, which are demonstrated visually. According to the findings, heat transfer increases with rising thermal Biot number and decreases with stronger thermal stratification, whereas the Lorentz force reduces fluid velocity. The findings demonstrate improved material performance and efficiency by using stratified Maxwell nanofluids with quadratic convection models to enhance industrial operations. This knowledge is vital for designing and optimising medical therapies and devices, as it is necessary to maintain the ideal temperature during blood circulation procedures. This analysis is critical to ensure patient safety and treatment effectiveness, particularly in medical operations where mixed convection is crucial in blood circulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103432"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control effect of partition piles on tunnel horizontal displacement during excavation based on DIC displacement measurement technology","authors":"Yu Diao ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Yiming Du","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Centrifuge model tests and numerical analysis were conducted to study the impact of excavation in dry sand strata on adjacent tunnels and the protective effect of partition walls. The DIC displacement measurement technology was innovatively introduced into the centrifuge model tests to measure soil displacement, determining the approximate range of the traction and blocking zones of the soil within the influence range of the partition piles during excavation. An empirical formula for the control efficiency of partition piles on tunnel displacement was proposed. The experimental results indicate that the partition piles act as barriers for shallow soil and as traction forces for deeper soil. The numerical results show that both the increase in pile length and pile top embedment depth first enhance and then reduce the efficiency of controlling the horizontal displacement of tunnels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103419"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of mismatch power loss in a PV string composed of series-connected modules: Theory versus experiment","authors":"Reham Kamal,&nbsp;Mazen Abdel-Salam ,&nbsp;Mohamed Nayel","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ground-installed PV power-systems are usually built in parallel-rows; each is composed of series-connected modules. With time, some modules got-polluted or −shaded differently. On damage, some modules may be replaced by others of different ratings. This creates mismatch among the series-connected modules accompanied by loss of output power. This motivates the authors to extend their earlier proposed three-stage methodology for calculating the I-V and P-V curves to evaluate the mismatch power loss. The studied mismatches are due to series-connected dusty and clean modules, modules with different ratings, and modules with a half-cell shading in one of the modules. The proposed three-stage methodology is based on solution of Lambert-function in three-steps. The calculated current–voltage and power-voltage curves as well as highest output power by proposed methodology are validated by experimental results for the investigated mismatch conditions. The percentage mismatch power-loss recorded values of 5.4 %, 12.11 %, and 17.9 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103422"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial knowledge acquisition in GPS vs. non-GPS navigation: A case study of Madinaty City, Egypt","authors":"Reem Al-srogy,&nbsp;Manal Abou El-Ela,&nbsp;Mohamed Al-Sherbiny","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of GPS applications has significantly enhanced urban navigation. However, their impact on cognitive perception and recall of urban features is increasingly questioned. This study explores the effectiveness of GPS-based navigation versus direct wayfinding (non-GPS) in acquiring spatial knowledge. The theoretical part reviews the fundamental concepts and key findings of previous studies, while the case study presents an experimental investigation conducted in Madinaty city in Egypt. Thirty-six participants were divided into two groups: GPS and non-GPS. Each participant navigated seven paths to locate five specific destinations. The results showed that GPS users demonstrated lower path recognition and weaker landmark identification compared to those who navigated without technological assistance. These findings suggest that reliance on GPS may impede the development of spatial and landmark knowledge, as users tend to focus on the prescribed GPS route rather than engaging with real-world urban features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":"Article 103415"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}