Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Optimal power flow in power systems with renewable energy resources uncertainty including geothermal power plants","authors":"Mohamed A.M. Shaheen ,&nbsp;Hany M. Hasanien ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Alsaleh ,&nbsp;Abdullah Alassaf ,&nbsp;Miao Zhang ,&nbsp;Ayoob Alateeq","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article proposes an innovative application of the Catch Fish Optimization method (CFOA) to effectively handle the complex Probabilistic Optimal Power Flow (POPF) optimization problem in modern power grids. The growing penetration of stochastic renewable energy sources, photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy, plus the presence of geothermal generation, causes uncertainties. The classical Optimal Power Flow (OPF) can’t address such uncertainties. This paper introduces the capabilities of the CFOA in addressing such uncertainties. The target is to determine optimal design variables considering the probabilistic models of generation. The introduced algorithm has been investigated on IEEE 30- and 118-bus networks. Moreover, these systems are modified to include PV, wind, and geothermal units. Both fixed and dynamic load profiles are included in the study. The simulation results for the 30-bus system show a reduction in total daily fuel costs of approximately 9.64% when compared with the no-renewables baseline. For the larger 118-bus system, the daily fuel cost reduction was even more significant, at approximately 15.91%. The results obtained using the CFOA are compared with those from other well-established algorithms. The comparative analysis confirms the greater CFOA performance in terms of the convergence speed besides the robustness. This analysis affirms the effectiveness of the introduced optimization techniques in tackling the POPF problem. The current research paves the way for further investigation into the application and enhancement of the CFOA for various power system optimization problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103784"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust motion control of four-vector-thruster AUV “Aurora” under disturbances: optimized ESO-FAISMC control with thrust allocation optimization","authors":"Yipin Tong ,&nbsp;Bin Huang ,&nbsp;Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Liming Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Pan ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Yan ,&nbsp;Bi He","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against challenges from internal model inaccuracies and external environmental disturbances affecting vector Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) tracking, this paper focuses on the team-developed 4-vector AUV Aurora, establishing its kinematic/dynamic models. It proposes an optimized thrust allocation strategy and a control framework combining improved Extended State Observer (ESO) and Fuzzy Adaptive Integral Sliding Mode Control (FAISMC): the former reduces initial estimation errors for accurate disturbance estimation; the latter uses fuzzy inference to regulate gains, suppressing chattering. Lyapunov analysis verifies stability. Numerical simulations show that ESO-FAISMC reduces average errors by 79.09% vs Integral Sliding Mode Control (ISMC) and 51.36% vs Extended State Observer based Integral Sliding Mode Control (ESO-ISMC), and root mean square errors by 64.54% and 42.46% respectively. The proposed ESO-FAISMC can effectively counteract disturbances, achieving high-precision tracking, stable motion control. Experiments confirm it meets Aurora’s underwater control needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103780"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential optimization measurement technique for magnetic gradient tensors in magnet positioning","authors":"Jinzhe Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Li ,&nbsp;Wenhui Jia ,&nbsp;Xinqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Qin Shi ,&nbsp;Xuanqi Wu ,&nbsp;Jinbao Li ,&nbsp;Jialong Wang ,&nbsp;Guang Yang ,&nbsp;Na Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The magnetic gradient tensor provides more information about the magnetic source in anomaly detection. However, approximation errors inevitably arise from the differential measurement method. Therefore, a differential optimization measurement method based on sensor positions fine-tuning is proposed in this study. This method introduces offset coefficients to establish a theory-measurement discrepancy model. Also, a minimum-overall-discrepancy optimization strategy is used to guide the hybrid PSO-Dogleg algorithm in parameter searching. Thus, the differential approximation closely estimates the gradient. The numerical simulation shows the proposed method is applicable across various detection regions, magnetic moments, and noise levels. Furthermore, the correlation between tensor measurement errors and positioning performance was analyzed, and positioning experiments were conducted. As a result, the root mean square error of the tensor component is reduced by 7.1 %, while the average positioning error is reduced from 0.244 m to 0.136 m, which effectively improves the positioning accuracy of the magnetic gradient tensor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103766"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-criteria data-driven framework for drainage water reuse sustainability","authors":"M.M. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Mohamed Shaban ,&nbsp;Ehab Abd El-Karim ,&nbsp;Abeer Samy","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural drainage water reuse (ADWR) is a critical supplement to water resources amid escalating shortages. However, its sustainability faces complex challenges. This study developed a multi-criterion, data-driven framework incorporating key sustainability criteria such as water quality, water quantity, changes in freshwater salinity, monitoring network, and operational costs to assess ADWR practices. The framework was applied to Egypt’s Eastern Nile Delta using water quality and quantity data from 2018 to 2023. Results identified Hanut reuse station as the most sustainable, while Saft ranked lowest due to its severe effect on freshwater salinity. ADWR increased steadily to 2.602 billion cubic meters annually, with an additional 1.879 billion cubic meters potentially achievable through sustainable mixing practices. Salinity significantly affects long-term reuse viability, emphasizing the need for adopting brackish water desalination. This study offers practical insights into ADWR sustainability, with recommendations to enhance the model’s inclusiveness for sustainability assessments in arid regions and globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103782"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of hyperparameter optimization using LSTM-based deep learning models for urban air quality predictions","authors":"Beytullah Eren ,&nbsp;Caner Erden ,&nbsp;Ayşegül Atalı ,&nbsp;Serkan Ozdemir","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution poses significant threats to human health and the environment, necessitating accurate prediction models for effective management and mitigation strategies. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of hyperparameter optimization techniques for Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based deep learning models in urban air quality forecasting. We focus on predicting concentrations of four key pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO_X), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and particulate matter (PM₁₀). The study employs and compares three prominent hyperparameter optimization methods: Random Search, Bayesian Optimization, and Hyperband. Using air quality data from Sakarya, Turkey, collected between January 2020 and September 2022, we first addressed missing data through comparative analysis of mean imputation and k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) imputation methods. Our results demonstrate that kNN imputation generally outperforms mean imputation, except for NO_X predictions. The hyperparameter-optimized LSTM models consistently outperformed baseline models across all pollutants. Notably, the Hyperband Search algorithm excelled in NO_X prediction, while Bayesian Optimization showed superior performance for other pollutants. Our analysis also revealed temporal trends in pollutant concentrations during the COVID-19 pandemic, including significant reductions in PM₁₀ and CO levels. This study contributes to AI-driven environmental monitoring by comparing hyperparameter optimization techniques in urban air quality modeling. The improved prediction accuracy offered by our optimized models has significant implications for public health protection, environmental policymaking, and smart city initiatives. Our findings underscore the importance of tailored optimization approaches for different pollutants and highlight the potential of advanced machine learning techniques in addressing environmental challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new framework for accurate drought monitoring: the Regional Ensembled Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (RESPEI)","authors":"Sajid Gul ,&nbsp;Muhammad Asif Khan ,&nbsp;Xia Cui ,&nbsp;Mingyan Guo ,&nbsp;Gokmen Ceribasi","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study delves into the crucial aspects of effective drought assessment, emphasizing the need for precise and diverse meteorological variables in monitoring droughts. Theoretical underpinnings of long-distance measurement encompassing the aforementioned features of an early warning drought system are also presented. A new framework, namely the Regional Ensembled Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (RESPEI), for regional drought monitoring is proposed. Empirical research using data from ten meteorological stations in Pakistan validates the efficiency of the proposed algorithm for accurate drought characterization, revealing significant disparities between the existing and proposed methods. Furthermore, this paper evaluates the usefulness of RESPEI and SPEI indices for regional drought evaluation and investigates the impact of global warming on drought assessment. Utilizing maximum precipitation and evapotranspiration data on a regional basis, k-component mixture distributions are applied to compute the indices for diverse time scales. The findings indicate that a K-component model is relevant for nearly all stations according to the Bayesian Informative Criteria (BIC) scores. The indices’ temporal variability is assessed and split into short, medium, and prolonged-drought evaluations, and a correlation analysis and statistical significance test are performed to assess the relationship between the indices. The proposed indices are deemed suitable for regional drought assessment based on the results. Lastly, trend analysis shows decreasing trends of droughts in most stations, except for Bunji and Chilas stations where a significant increasing trend is detected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103753"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From concept to action: active mobility cards for collective spaces in block-system urban neighborhoods","authors":"Rowaida Rashed","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Active mobility is essential for creating sustainable, healthy, and inclusive urban neighborhoods. This article explores how collective spaces in block-system neighborhoods can support active mobility in daily life. It employs a qualitative, structured methodology, combining a refined keyword-based literature review and snowballing technique to identify design principles and related urban strategies. Each strategy builds on established urban design models to ensure theoretical and practical relevance. The study synthesizes the findings into illustrated Active Mobility Cards, offering actionable guidance for planners, designers, and decision makers. Results highlight that when collective spaces prioritize connectivity, safety, comfort, social engagement and inclusivity, they promote walking and cycling, reduce car dependency, and strengthen neighborhood ties. The article concludes that integrating these principles and strategies into neighborhood planning can help transform collective spaces into vibrant, flexible, and resilient environments, advancing public health, social equity, and environmental sustainability, and contributing to more livable communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103771"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An innovative methodology in analyzing two-degrees-of-freedom of coupled dynamical system","authors":"Asma Alanazy ,&nbsp;Galal M. Moatimid ,&nbsp;T.S. Amer ,&nbsp;Mona A.A. Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Analyzing two-degrees-of-freedom (2DOF) coupled dynamical systems is crucial in<!--> <!-->understanding complex interactions in mechanical, structural, and aerospace engineering. Advanced analytical and numerical methods elucidate complicated behavior<!--> <!-->relevant to bio-inspired systems, smart materials, and vibration control. Consequently, the present topic centers on a recognized benchmark challenge in the field of a cart-pendulum system. The non-perturbative approach (NPA) underlies the unique analysis. The principal aim of the NPA is to convert weakly nonlinear oscillators of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) into linear forms. The swift evaluation of the frequency-amplitude correlation is essential in<!--> <!-->acquiring successive approximations of responses to parametric nonlinear fluctuations. The influence of several parameters on the stability of steady states is examined. The results demonstrated that the suggested technique is exceptionally intuitive, extremely effective, and firmly established. The alteration of bifurcation parameters influences the configuration of the bifurcation curve. The Lyapunov exponent (LE) curves are additionally illustrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103770"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective intelligent optimization design method for mix proportions of hydraulic asphalt concrete facings","authors":"Hanye Xiong ,&nbsp;Zhenzhong Shen ,&nbsp;Yiqing Sun ,&nbsp;Yaxin Feng ,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydraulic asphalt concrete facing serves as a critical impervious structure, ensuring the long-term and stable operation of the upper reservoir in pumped-storage power station. However, conventional mix design theories still rely heavily on empirical criteria focused on optimizing single material properties, which fall short of meeting the increasingly multi-dimensional demands of modern engineering design. To facilitate the intelligent and efficient construction of impervious facings, this research proposes a multi-objective mix design approach that integrates statistical experimental optimization with metaheuristic search techniques, considering material performance, economic cost, and environmental sustainability. First, response surface models were established between mix parameters and material properties using the central composite design (CCD) method. The significance and predictive accuracy of the models were validated through analysis of variance (ANOVA) and residual analysis. Subsequently, a set of material performance constraints was formulated based on engineering requirements, and a multi-objective optimization model was constructed with economic cost and carbon emissions as dual objectives. The Non-dominated sorting whale optimization algorithm (NSWOA) was then employed to derive the Pareto optimal solutions iteratively. Finally, the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) was applied to perform decision analysis on the Pareto optimal front, enabling the selection of optimal compromise mix proportions under different preferences. Specifically, the optimal trade-off solution between resource-saving and environmentally-friendly corresponds to an asphalt content of 6.705%, a filler content of 12.680%, and a gradation index of 0.264. The results provide a valuable theoretical reference for the efficient and sustainable design of asphalt concrete facings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103781"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel compliant ankle rehabilitation robotic system based on a 6-DOF robot arm","authors":"Li Jin ,&nbsp;Liuyi Ling ,&nbsp;Chengjun Wang ,&nbsp;Yiming Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To address the limitations of conventional ankle rehabilitation robots in accuracy, safety, and quantitative assessment, this study proposes a novel robot arm-based system integrating compliance control.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed a novel robotic system using a serial 6-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) robot arm. By defining the ankle joint center (AJC) as the midpoint between the medial and lateral malleolus, a coordinate transformation method dynamically coincides the robotic rotational center (RRC) with the AJC, validated through a novel alignment accuracy metric. A real-time gravity compensation algorithm based on a 6-axis force/torque (F/T) sensor was designed to quantify ankle joint torques. The measured torques were mapped to Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) criteria to enable quantitative muscle tension assessment, improving objectivity over manual evaluations. Three compliance rehabilitation training modes, namely patient-passive training, patient-active training, and resistance training, are designed based on the admittance control strategy, which also support simultaneous multi-axis compliance training.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The experimental results on five subjects show that the designed training modes performed well in terms of compliance and trajectory tracking. The alignment accuracy for all three training modes was less than 1.59 mm, as validated by a motion capture system. The system successfully recorded and classified torque profiles indicative of different levels of muscle tension.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The integration of high-precision sensing and adaptive control provides a standardized measurement platform for ankle rehabilitation, promoting the translation of robotic systems into clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103773"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}