Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"An innovative low-cost and water-saving direct photovoltaic water heating system using simplified near maximum power point tracking","authors":"Bashar Al-Haj Moh’d , Amin Al-Habaibeh , Mohammad Al Takrouri","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic (PV) water heating systems are one of the water heating technologies that have been attracting significant attention in recent years. Although from the thermodynamics point of view, solar thermal systems such as vacuum tubes, are more efficient in heating water for the same area exposed to the sun, but this is not the only factor influence the utilisation of solar energy. The main reason for the interest in using PV solar systems for water heating and thermal storage is their lower cost, higher reliability, reduced maintenance, water savings and minimising complexity of retrofitting. In this work, a novel PV water heating system is proposed where the near maximum power point tracking (Near-MPPT) is performed using different rated heating elements via a simple control circuit without the need for a relatively expensive DC-DC converter. The selection of the heating elements equivalent resistance is made based on the photovoltaic array size and the solar irradiation data. An optimisation process is considered in the design to reduce cost and maximise efficiency. A novel generic methodology is developed to select the values of the hating elements for optimum performance. This has been achieved by obtaining the maximum number of possible variations in resistance configurations from two selected heating elements while sustaining high efficiency and DC voltage switching capability. The control circuit is designed by utilising electromechanical and semiconductor switching devices. A control algorithm is created to track the maximum power point via the manipulation of the switching circuit using PV power measurements. The proposed system is compared to a PV system equipped with a DC-DC converter and a PV system directly connected to fixed heating elements. The system is experimentally tested to evaluate the idea including the payback period, performance and costings. Further, simulation is conducted and validated for conditions in Jordan as well as Egypt and the UK. The results have shown that proposed system provides a lower cost and reasonable efficiency when compared to the conventional system. The results of the proposed solar technology system in Jordan, for example, have shown a small reduction in the yearly produced energy of only 3.8 % when compared to a conversional system equipped with MPPT DC-DC converter system and an increase in efficiency of about 11.5 % in comparison to a fixed load system. However, the cost saving is expected to be 44.7 % when the proposed simple switching system is compared to a standard DC-DC converter; with water savings in winter of 83.7 % in comparison to a solar thermal system. The payback period of the system for Jordan, Egypt and the UK is found approximately 2.75 years, 6.5 years and 3 years respectively. In comparison to the conventional MPPT DC-DC converter, the proposed novel system Near-MPPT is expected to provide a much lower cost system (between 24.5 % and 44.7 %) to encourage the adap","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103881"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secure transmission enhancement in shotgun cellular systems using transmitter-side information over correlated shadowing channels","authors":"Ali Mohammad Khodadoust ,&nbsp;Mario Eduardo Rivero-Ángeles ,&nbsp;Víctor Barrera-Figueroa","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shotgun cellular systems (SCSs) are stochastic models of wireless networks where base stations (BSs) are randomly deployed across spatial settings of dimension one, two, or three, under a Poisson point process (PPP). As the physical layer security (PLS) of SCSs depends on BS density—which is influenced by the network’s setup and deployment—and typically underperforms compared to ideal hexagonal cellular systems (HCSs), this paper proposes an enhancement of PLS—including average secrecy capacity (ASC), secrecy outage probability (SOP), and the probability of non-zero secrecy capacity (PNZSC)—by leveraging side information (SI) available at the transmitter in addition to the source message for Wyner’s three-node model under realistic conditions, where shadowing coefficients of the channels are arbitrarily correlated. Modeling the shadowing on both the main (transmitter–legitimate receiver) and eavesdropper (transmitter–eavesdropper) channels with a lognormal (LN) distribution—the standard and most accurate model for characterizing shadowing—yields closed-form expressions for the aforementioned PLS performance metrics, thereby providing rigorous analytical insights. Lastly, the correctness of the analytical findings is confirmed via Monte Carlo (MC) simulation experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103950"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic field effects on the thermo-hydrodynamic behavior of a microscale Tesla valve operating with Fe3O4-water ferro-nanofluid","authors":"Abderrahim Mokhefi ,&nbsp;Eugenia Rossi di Schio ,&nbsp;Sarra Youcefi ,&nbsp;Paolo Valdiserri","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite their passive ability to resist reverse flow, Tesla valves can experience altered performance under external influences such as magnetic fields, which can alter or even disrupt the proper functioning of Tesla valves particularly in microscale systems in electronic devices. In this framework, the present study aims to investigate the influence of a horizontal magnetic field on the hydrodynamic and thermal performance of a T45-R microscale Tesla valve integrated into a microsystem. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the effect of the magnetic field, modeled via the Hartmann number (Ha = 0–100), on a laminar (Re = 500) Fe₃O₄-water ferro-nanofluid flow has been analyzed under both forward and reverse flow conditions. The studied flow is governed by the mass, momentum, and energy equations, which has been solved numerically using the finite element method. The results indicate that the magnetic field significantly affects both flow directions, inducing a pressure difference that increases by nearly 150 % for moderate magnetic flux densities (Ha ≈ 25) compared to the non-magnetic case. In forward flow, increased magnetic flux density enhances flow intensity and heat transfer while partially blocking the curved part of the valve, yet it may inadvertently support reverse flow. Diodicity analysis has revealed that valve performance decreases for Hartmann numbers below Ha ≈ 17, independent of nanoparticle concentration, while it improves beyond this threshold. Nevertheless, optimal valve performance is still observed in the absence of a magnetic field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103937"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of climate change on hydroelectric energy from renewable energy sources: A case study of Sakarya Basin, Türkiye","authors":"Gokmen Ceribasi ,&nbsp;Ahmet Iyad Ceyhunlu ,&nbsp;Ahmet Celebi","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research is carried out by applying MRLI method to energy data produced at HEPPs located in Sakarya basin and precipitation and temperature data. This method is being carried out for first time for energy data. Temperature data generally showed increasing trends at low risk levels, while in some stations, decreasing trends were observed at high risk levels. Precipitation data varied by station; decreasing trends were prominent at all risk levels in Sakarya and Kütahya, while both increasing and decreasing trends were observed in stations Düzce and Ankara. Energy data showed distinct trends at different risk levels, with increases observed at some plants at low risk levels, while decreases were observed at others at all levels. These findings suggest that the impacts of climate change on hydroelectric power production are nonlinear and depend on risk level. MRLI reveals contrasting trends at different risk levels that classical linear methods cannot reveal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103823"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145340723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative heat flux modeling for enhanced heat transfer efficiency: Conjugate heat transfer analysis with Cattaneo-Vernotte equation incorporating Maxwellian fluid dynamics","authors":"P. Puvaneswari","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A mathematical investigation explored the combined influence of vibration and conjugation on enhancing heat transfer in a laminar oscillatory flow through a heat pipe, also known as the “<span><math><mi>D</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>m</mi></math></span> <span><math><mi>P</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span>”. Explicit solutions for the momentum and heat equations are provided, considering the use of viscoelastic fluids (<span><math><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>l</mi></math></span>/<span><math><mi>N</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi></math></span>) as heat carriers. While many studies have relied on Fourier’s law to describe heat transport, this approach may overlook thermal inertia, potentially leading to non-physical behaviors. Instead of Fourier’s law, the Cattaneo-Vernotte equation, incorporating thermodynamic inertia in the heat transport process, is employed to model heat transfer through a circular tube with thermally conducting walls. The analysis examines the impact of conjugation and oscillation parameters on heat transfer characteristics. Optimizing wall thickness leads to a 710.4 % increase in effective thermal diffusivity in the present work, using non-Fourier’s law which is 14 times higher than that (50.63 %) obtained using Fourier’s law approach. The maximum heat flux achieved using the non-Fourier heat conduction law is approximately <span><math><mn>7.2</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>9</mn></msup></math></span> W/m<span><math><msup><mspace></mspace><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> for the fluid with a molar ratio of <span><math><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>M</mi></msub></math></span> = 7 and an acrylic wall material. This occurs at a frequency of 8.7 Hz, which is significantly lower than the frequency used in the analysis based on Fourier’s heat conduction law. Hence, the energy needed to induce fluid oscillation may be diminished, representing a beneficial aspect of the current analysis employing the Cattaneo-Vernotte equation. Hence, the non-Fourier’s law approach offers advantages over the Fourier’s law approach. Indeed, the maximum heat flux obtained with viscoelastic fluid is three orders of magnitude higher than that obtained with Newtonian fluid. The sensitivity analysis confirms that viscoelastic relaxation and non-Fourier effects play the most significant roles in controlling the system’s thermal behavior. The reported results align well with the existing literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103917"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propagation of nonlinear dynamics in atomic chains using chaos theory","authors":"Beenish ,&nbsp;Maria Samreen ,&nbsp;Adil Jhangeer","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a variety of novel soliton solutions and a comprehensive dynamical analysis for a complex nonlinear equation modeling the behavior of nonlinear atomic chains with long-range interactions. The governing model is first reduced to lower dimensions via a wave transformation. Utilizing the extended algebraic method, multiple soliton solutions such as kink, double-periodic wave solitons, anti-kink, and dark solitons are systematically derived. These solutions are then illustrated through detailed visualizations, including 2D and 3D graphical representations, to enhance the physical interpretation. Subsequently, a phase portrait analysis is carried out for the critical points of the unperturbed system. We also classify the phase portraits using the Hamiltonian function to further investigate the system’s qualitative behavior. Upon introducing an external perturbation, the resulting dynamical behavior is investigated using advanced chaos detection techniques. These include 2D and 3D phase portraits, Poincaré sections, time series analysis, multistability behavior, quasi-periodic attractors, fractal dimension, bifurcation diagrams, power spectra, and Lyapunov exponents. The soliton solutions have applications in plasma physics, fluid dynamics, nonlinear optics, and communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103828"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Torque-adaptive resistance-reducing shoveling strategy for loaders","authors":"Bingwei Cao ,&nbsp;Ruiqiang Guo ,&nbsp;Dehao Zhao ,&nbsp;Qinghua Li ,&nbsp;Xinhui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The time-varying working resistance encountered during the loader shoveling stage constitutes a major contributor to power dissipation. The physical properties of materials are different during shoveling operation, bringing challenges to reducing drag in loader shoveling. Based on the data analysis of the power flow characteristics of loader shoveling operation, a drag reduction shoveling strategy is proposed. Leveraging CAN bus-derived torque demand-actual differentials, this strategy automatically controls the bucket attitude with the change of the power system torque, reduced power loss in the shoveling stage. An intelligent drag reduction strategy, is formulated to address operational material diversity in loaders. The intelligent strategy can be adapted to the operating objects, achieving intelligent adjustment of the bucket shoveling operation amplitude with the change of the operating objects, the power consumption for shoveling sand has been reduced from 125 kW to 92.3 kW, while that for shoveling stone has been reduced to 100.8 kW.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103845"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governing sustainable urban brownfield redevelopment in China: Applying the Quintuple Helix model in Chengdu","authors":"Dan He ,&nbsp;Huizi Deng ,&nbsp;Yunlong Niu ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Rosilawati Zainol ,&nbsp;Nor Shahida Azali","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines sustainable urban brownfield redevelopment through the Quintuple Helix Model, encompassing universities, government, industry, civil society, and the environment. A structured survey of 436 respondents across five districts in Chengdu, China, was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Results indicate that universities (β = 0.320), government (β = 0.291), and industry (β = 0.308) exert the strongest direct influences on redevelopment outcomes, while civil society (β = 0.089) and environmental factors (β = 0.108) provide smaller but significant contributions. The model also shows high predictive relevance, confirming its robustness in explaining sustainable redevelopment. These findings highlight the central roles of universities, government, and industry as primary drivers of sustainable redevelopment, while civil society and environmental factors act as supportive contributors. The study contributes empirical evidence from China to enrich the Quintuple Helix literature and offers actionable recommendations for planners and policymakers, including strengthening governance platforms, fostering university–industry collaboration, and aligning industrial incentives with ecological goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103855"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of 765 kV, 500 kV and 220 kV NTDC-14 bus transmission network via optimal integration of UPFC","authors":"Muhammad Shaoor Shafique ,&nbsp;Asad Waqar ,&nbsp;Saeed Mian Qaisar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Junaid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zahid ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz T. Almaktoom","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel use of a modified Sea Horse Optimizer (mSHO) to determine the optimal locations and sizing for Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC) in the real-time multi-voltage transmission network. The suggested approach combines the simultaneous minimization of total Active Power Loss (APL), total Reactive Power Loss (RPL), and average voltage <span><math><msub><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> in the form of a Multi-Objective Index (MOI). The approach is validated on Pakistan’s NTDC 14-bus 765/500/220 kV transmission network and IEEE 14 and 30-bus test systems. Simulations are performed after a comparison of operation with and without UPFCs. Results show that mSHO reduced APL and RPL by up to 61 % in the NTDC system, while significantly improving the average voltage to 1.0180 which is well within permissible limits. Notable performance improvements were also observed in IEEE 14 and 30 test bus systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103863"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SailMutLoc: a sailfish-mutation enhanced optimization algorithm for student performance prediction","authors":"Ashjan Hamad Alsabhan ,&nbsp;Saleem Malik ,&nbsp;S. Gopal Krishna Patro ,&nbsp;Chandrakanta Mahanty ,&nbsp;Ahmed Adnan Hadi ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ghouse ,&nbsp;Akila Thiyagarajan ,&nbsp;Mohit Mittal ,&nbsp;Mohammad Khishe","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feature selection enables educational data mining provide personalised support and enhance student performance. When using high-dimensional educational datasets, traditional feature selection techniques have premature convergence and inadequate feature sets. Inefficient feature selection occurs when these algorithms don’t balance exploration and exploiting. We propose the SailMutLoc algorithm, an integrated optimization method based on sailfish behaviour and enhanced by mutation operators and local search, to address these issues. SailMutLoc combines the Sailfish Algorithm (SFA)’s global search with the SCM’s fine-tuning precision and mutation-driven exploration. Iterative Local Search (ILS) increases local optimization results. SailMutLoc explores feature space without local optimum solutions since mutation makes things unpredictable. In studies using real-world educational datasets, SailMutLoc outperformed standard approaches in classification accuracy, computing time, and feature quality. In educational data mining, SailMutLoc can handle vast feature spaces and improve student performance forecasts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 103898"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}