Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Exploring shallow water wave phenomena: A fractional approach to the Whitham-Broer-Kaup-Boussinesq-Kupershmidt system","authors":"Tianyong Han ,&nbsp;Yueyong Jiang ,&nbsp;Hongguang Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study generalizes the Whitham-Broer-Kaup-Boussinesq-Kupershmidt (WBKBK) system to a fractional-order model using conformable derivatives, aiming to better capture wave dissipation, anomalous dispersion, and memory effects in shallow water waves. The Modified Extended Direct Algebraic Method (MEDAM) is employed to derive a series of solitary wave solutions, including kink waves, periodic waves, and solitons. These solutions are validated through numerical simulations using the quartic B-spline collocation method, demonstrating excellent agreement between analytical and numerical results. A linear stability analysis of a representative kink wave solution illustrates the robustness of the derived solutions under specific parameter conditions. This research enriches the theoretical understanding of fractional WBKBK systems and provides valuable tools for modeling complex wave dynamics in fluid dynamics, plasma physics, and nonlinear optics, with potential applications in coastal engineering and marine resource development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103700"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secure optical cryptographical transmission of solitons to fractal fractional Kairat model by novel approach","authors":"Muhammad Idrees Afridi","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the dynamics of fractal solitons in fractal fractional models, which are crucial for optical communications, oceanography, and mathematical physics. The generalised form of the fractal-fractional Kairat-II model (<span><math><mi>FFKM</mi></math></span>) is investigated using a conformable derivative, which is a fractal-fractional derivative (<span><math><mi>FFD</mi></math></span>). The fractal fractional method of variational form (<span><math><mi>FFVWM</mi></math></span>) is a new mathematical technique that successfully obtains certain new fractal solitons of the governing model. Additionally, to guarantee the transmission of solitons, examine the solitons using the cryptographic technique of Encryption-Decryption (<span><math><mi>ED</mi></math></span>). This novel method has the advantages of being easy to use, efficient, and convenient. The 3-dimensional, 2-dimensional, and contour plots demonstrate the importance of these recently discovered fractal soliton solutions for expanding our understanding of physical oceanography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103690"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel vision transformer-based power quality disturbance classification method","authors":"Sıtkı Akkaya ,&nbsp;Sezer Dümen","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and automated classification of power quality disturbances (PQDs) is essential for ensuring the reliability and stability of smart power systems. This study introduces a novel classification framework that combines a Vision Transformer (ViT) model with<!--> <!-->an innovative signal-to-image transformation technique, which directly reshapes 1D time series (T.S.) signals into 32 × 32 grayscale images, thereby eliminating complex preprocessing steps such as feature extraction or wavelet transforms.<!--> <!-->Unlike traditional approaches that rely on handcrafted features or spectrogram-based methods, this<!--> <!-->lightweight conversion preserves temporal characteristics while enabling efficient end-to-end learning through ViT’s attention mechanism. The model was evaluated on a comprehensive dataset comprising<!--> <!-->21 distinct PQD classes, systematically generated under real-world conditions (20–50 dB noise levels and ± 0.5 Hz frequency deviations)<!--> <!-->using two Arbitrary Waveform Generators (AWGs).<!--> <!-->The proposed system achieved state-of-the-art performance with 99.23 % classification accuracy and an exceptionally fast inference time of 3.58 ms per sample, demonstrating both precision and suitability for real-time applications.<!--> <!-->Remarkably, the architecture maintained robust performance across all noise levels, confirming its strong generalization capability. Despite using an image-based approach, the method’s computational efficiency, achieved through optimized patch processing and compact input dimensions, makes it deployable in resource-constrained embedded systems.<!--> <!-->These findings position the framework as a practical foundation for next-generation PQD monitoring systems.<!--> <!-->The study advances the field by: (1) introducing the first ViT-based solution for raw PQD signal classification, (2) establishing a new benchmark in processing efficiency (3.58 ms runtime), and (3) demonstrating unprecedented robustness to both noise and frequency variations. Overall, this work provides a<!--> <!-->scalable, accurate, and hardware-friendly solution<!--> <!-->for intelligent power quality management, showcasing the untapped potential of transformer architectures in T.S. industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103718"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sustainable future of cities under uncertainty: identifying key factors of adaptive urban resilience in Yazd, Iran","authors":"Ali Naderi,&nbsp;Kamal Khoshnevis","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the focus of previous studies on the static aspects of urban resilience, a significant gap remains in understanding its adaptive dynamics under uncertainty. This study seeks to identify the key factors influencing Adaptive Urban Resilience (AUR) in Yazd, Iran, through a hybrid methodological framework comprising Delphi, MICMAC (Matrix of Crossed Impact Multiplications Applied to a Classification), and Monte Carlo simulation. A total of 52 indicators across eight urban resilience dimensions were evaluated. The results indicate that the efficiency of climate change adaptation mechanisms (EN7) had the highest influence score (98.00), positioning it as a strategic leverage point for system-wide adaptation. Land-use change (PH4) with a score of 92.99, and geopolitical risks (P4) with 91.99, also emerged as top drivers of systemic transformation. In contrast, environmental pollution (EN1) and green space accessibility (EN2) were identified as highly unstable variables, necessitating flexible and adaptive planning. Overall, the findings underscore systemic instability driven by interlinked physical, political, and environmental factors. The proposed framework offers actionable insights for integrated and forward-looking urban resilience planning in arid, heritage-rich cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103732"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis of a delayed malware mutation model for wireless rechargeable sensor networks with energy constraints","authors":"Haoyu Wang ,&nbsp;J.F. Gómez Aguilar ,&nbsp;Ghaus ur Rahman ,&nbsp;Zizhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid progression in the field of information technology, the security of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) becomes an alarming issue around the globe. This research presents an innovative malware propagation model for wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs), including virus mutation and two specific temporal delays: a charging delay (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ς</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) and a temporary vaccination period delay (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ς</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>). In contrast to other models, our proposed approach accurately reflects the real-time dynamics of energy-constrained WRSNs by incorporating a fifth compartment for low-energy nodes and implementing unidirectional malware mutation. Utilizing linear stability and Hopf bifurcation analyses, we establish explicit criteria for the system's transition from stability to periodic oscillations. The incorporation of delay parameters clarifies essential thresholds for the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation. In contrast to Liu et al. (2020), who focused solely on charging delay and omitted global stability analysis, our enhanced model integrates two fundamental reproduction numbers, energy limitations, and dual delays, thereby facilitating more precise prediction and control of malware propagation. We additionally demonstrate global stability utilizing a Lyapunov functional and support our theoretical results with extensive numerical simulations. A stepwise implementation algorithm is also included to facilitate realistic deployment in IoT contexts. Our technique, in comparison to previous models, provides a delay reduction of up to 35%, increased resilience against mutated malware, and prolonged sustainable operation under energy limitations, rendering it extremely suitable for safe real-world WRSNs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103697"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing lake water level forecasting with attention-based LSTM: a data-driven approach to hydrology and tourism dynamics","authors":"Máté Chapon ,&nbsp;Serkan Ozdemir","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent decades, freshwater lakes in the Northern Hemisphere have faced significant challenges, including severe water shortages and increased stormwater discharges. As a result, accurate forecasting of lake water levels has become essential for effective water resource management, flood mitigation, and ecological sustainability—all of which are interconnected with dynamics in tourism within freshwater basins. This study evaluates the performance of an Attention-based Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model compared to a standard LSTM for predicting lake water levels over 5-day and 30-day intervals, utilizing five different input combinations at one of Hungary’s popular tourist destinations Lake Velence. The results demonstrate that the Attention-based LSTM consistently outperforms the standard LSTM, particularly in long-term forecasting, as it effectively captures relevant temporal dependencies and reduces error accumulation. Additionally, a Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between guest nights and environmental factors, including lake water level, precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration. The findings reveal a strong correlation between guest nights and both temperature and evapotranspiration, while the associations with lake water level and precipitation are relatively weak. This indicates that climate conditions, rather than hydrological variations, primarily drive visitor numbers. The study highlights the importance of integrating advanced machine learning models in hydrological forecasting and tourism planning, providing valuable insights for sustainable water management and climate-adaptive tourism strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103723"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal operation of electric vehicle charging stations with solar and wind energy systems in distribution network using JAYA algorithm","authors":"Kushal Manohar Jagtap ,&nbsp;Farhad Ilahi Bakhsh ,&nbsp;Ramya Kuppusamy ,&nbsp;Yuvaraja Teekaraman","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inadequate additional burden of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) and renewable energy resources (RERs) affects the techno-economic operations of distribution networks (DNs) negatively. This paper proposes a two-stage multi-objective optimization model for the secure and economic operations of DNs through integration of EVCSs and RERs. In stage 1, the power demands of EVCSs equipped with Level 1 (AC), Level 2 (AC), and Level 3 (DC) supply equipment are determined. This stage aims to ensure system stability and security while optimizing the energy fed to EVCSs to meet the power demand of EVs during charging. By following the network in stage 1, RERs in stage 2, especially solar and wind energy systems, are integrated with a focus on maximizing economic benefits. Simultaneously, the cost of power purchases from the grid by DN operators is minimized without affecting the stability and security of the network. Hourly fluctuations of electricity prices provided by the electricity market and contract prices of solar and wind energy systems are also taken into account in this stage to analyze their dynamic effect on the network performance. In both stages, voltage stability and voltage deviation tools are utilized to identify the most appropriate/suitable locations for EVCSs as well as solar and wind energy resources. The paper employs a single weight tree structure approach to handle the multi-objective optimization, as opposed to the traditional approach of converting multi-objectives into a single objective by using multiple weights. The proposed method is tested on 69-bus DN and optimum results are obtained by using the Modified JAYA algorithm. Obtained results are compared with those of traditional JAYA, Particle Swarm optimization and Differential Evolution algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103712"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the impact of damage rate on the performance of orange fruit harvesting robot","authors":"Sadaf Zeeshan ,&nbsp;Tauseef Aized ,&nbsp;Fahid Riaz","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing damage rates is paramount for optimizing the efficiency of fruit harvesting robots and advancing their journey towards commercial viability. Despite the crucial role that damage rates play in determining fruit quality and marketability, there is a notable lack of comprehensive and in-depth studies analyzing this aspect, especially within the context of fruit harvesting robots. Most research tends to prioritize metrics such as success rate and accuracy of fruit picking, leaving the examination of damage rates relatively overlooked. This study fills this gap by conducting a thorough examination of the factors contributing to damage rates in fruit harvesting robots, including the causes of damage, the types and sizes of bruises incurred, and the impact of occlusion, illumination conditions, and end effector orientation. Additionally, the research investigates strategies for minimizing damage rates, offering insights into optimizing fruit harvesting techniques to reduce potential damage. Occlusion, illumination, and gripper angle were found to significantly influence fruit damage. Specifically, a 10 % increase in occlusion raised damage by 1.18 %, a 100 Lumen/m² increase in illumination reduced damage by 10.5 %, and deviation from the optimal 90° gripper angle increased damage by 1.8 % per 10° shift. Overall, proper fruit orientation reduced damage by 40 %, minimal occlusion by 36 %, and optimal illumination by 25 %. A multiple linear regression model explained the variance in damage rate (R2 = 0.924) and achieved a low RMSE of 1.85 %, demonstrating high predictive accuracy and validating the model’s reliability in quantifying the influence of harvesting parameters. By investigating these aspects and exploring strategies for minimizing damage, the study aims to advance fruit harvesting robotics and contribute to the successful commercialization of this technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103735"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Security risk assessment of internet of things health devices using DREAD and STRIDE models","authors":"Buhang Zhai ,&nbsp;Oluwatobi Noah Akande ,&nbsp;Saurabh Agarwal ,&nbsp;Wooguil Pak","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high volume of IoT devices used in healthcare is not regulated for security, which can allow attacks to occur that endanger healthcare organizations based on the value of patient data. Such devices are primarily implemented in a way that prioritizes usability and cost. Security is rarely prioritized due to a lack of universal security standards. The threats are constantly evolving, and strengthening device security has become a high-priority task. We conducted a qualitative and quantitative risk assessment of the twenty-three top IoT-based health devices using the qualitative STRIDE model for threat identification, and the quantitative DREAD model for threat prioritization. Specific countermeasures are proposed for each risk, which, if properly implemented, can considerably reduce vulnerabilities. We also present a prototype web platform for interactive, user-friendly risk assessment and security awareness in healthcare IoT, designed to enable improved protection for patients from the inefficient provision of security through unsafe technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103721"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and computational analysis of circular eccentric venturi meters: Discharge coefficients and flow regimes","authors":"M.S. Karthik ,&nbsp;P.Siva Kota Reddy ,&nbsp;Tapankumar Trivedi ,&nbsp;Asha Rajiv ,&nbsp;Madhu Chennabasappa ,&nbsp;Fehmi Gamaoun","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this present study, experimental and numerical analysis on circular eccentric Venturi meters were carried out. An experimental discharge coefficient of 0.969 was determined for a beta ratio of 0.5 and 6.25 mm eccentricity. A computational fluid dynamics simulation investigated the behavior of the meter at different Reynolds numbers and eccentric heights. The results agreed with literature data and validated the proposed computational methodology. It was observed that increasing the eccentric distance had no significant impact on the discharge coefficient. The coefficient exhibited a strong correlation with the flow regime, decreasing from 0.979 to 0.186 as the Reynolds number decreased from 100,000 to 1. However, the coefficient decreased significantly as the Reynolds number decreased. The estimated combined standard uncertainty in the discharge coefficient was ± 2.6 %, with an expanded uncertainty of ± 5.2 % at a 95 % confidence level. These findings could improve industrial flow measurements through a better eccentric Venturi meter design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103727"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}