Stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis of a delayed malware mutation model for wireless rechargeable sensor networks with energy constraints

IF 5.9 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Haoyu Wang , J.F. Gómez Aguilar , Ghaus ur Rahman , Zizhen Zhang
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Abstract

With the rapid progression in the field of information technology, the security of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) becomes an alarming issue around the globe. This research presents an innovative malware propagation model for wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs), including virus mutation and two specific temporal delays: a charging delay (ς1) and a temporary vaccination period delay (ς2). In contrast to other models, our proposed approach accurately reflects the real-time dynamics of energy-constrained WRSNs by incorporating a fifth compartment for low-energy nodes and implementing unidirectional malware mutation. Utilizing linear stability and Hopf bifurcation analyses, we establish explicit criteria for the system's transition from stability to periodic oscillations. The incorporation of delay parameters clarifies essential thresholds for the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation. In contrast to Liu et al. (2020), who focused solely on charging delay and omitted global stability analysis, our enhanced model integrates two fundamental reproduction numbers, energy limitations, and dual delays, thereby facilitating more precise prediction and control of malware propagation. We additionally demonstrate global stability utilizing a Lyapunov functional and support our theoretical results with extensive numerical simulations. A stepwise implementation algorithm is also included to facilitate realistic deployment in IoT contexts. Our technique, in comparison to previous models, provides a delay reduction of up to 35%, increased resilience against mutated malware, and prolonged sustainable operation under energy limitations, rendering it extremely suitable for safe real-world WRSNs.
具有能量约束的无线可充电传感器网络延迟恶意软件突变模型的稳定性和Hopf分岔分析
随着信息技术领域的飞速发展,无线传感器网络的安全问题已成为全球关注的热点问题。本研究提出了一种创新的无线可充电传感器网络(WRSNs)恶意软件传播模型,包括病毒突变和两种特定的时间延迟:充电延迟(1)和临时疫苗接种期延迟(2)。与其他模型相比,我们提出的方法通过结合低能量节点的第五个隔间和实现单向恶意软件突变,准确地反映了能量受限WRSNs的实时动态。利用线性稳定性和Hopf分岔分析,建立了系统从稳定到周期振荡的显式判据。延迟参数的加入明确了Hopf分岔发生的必要阈值。与Liu等人(2020)只关注充电延迟而忽略了全局稳定性分析相比,我们的增强模型集成了两个基本的复制数、能量限制和双延迟,从而有助于更精确地预测和控制恶意软件的传播。我们还利用Lyapunov泛函证明了全局稳定性,并通过广泛的数值模拟支持了我们的理论结果。还包括逐步实现算法,以促进在物联网环境中的实际部署。与以前的模型相比,我们的技术提供了高达35%的延迟减少,增加了对突变恶意软件的弹性,并在能源限制下延长了可持续运行时间,使其非常适合安全的现实世界WRSNs。
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来源期刊
Ain Shams Engineering Journal
Ain Shams Engineering Journal Engineering-General Engineering
CiteScore
10.80
自引率
13.30%
发文量
441
审稿时长
49 weeks
期刊介绍: in Shams Engineering Journal is an international journal devoted to publication of peer reviewed original high-quality research papers and review papers in both traditional topics and those of emerging science and technology. Areas of both theoretical and fundamental interest as well as those concerning industrial applications, emerging instrumental techniques and those which have some practical application to an aspect of human endeavor, such as the preservation of the environment, health, waste disposal are welcome. The overall focus is on original and rigorous scientific research results which have generic significance. Ain Shams Engineering Journal focuses upon aspects of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, chemical engineering, petroleum engineering, environmental engineering, architectural and urban planning engineering. Papers in which knowledge from other disciplines is integrated with engineering are especially welcome like nanotechnology, material sciences, and computational methods as well as applied basic sciences: engineering mathematics, physics and chemistry.
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