Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Vision based stockpile inventory measurement using uncrewed aerial systems","authors":"Faezeh Jafari,&nbsp;Sattar Dorafshan","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring a stockpile plays a vital role in material inventories at the State Departments of Transportation (DOTs). Various technologies, such as Total Stations (TST), Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), and Global Positioning Systems, are conventionally used to obtain stockpile volumes; however, DOTs seek a faster, safer way to obtain an object’s volume with minimal workforce training. Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS), coupled with visual imagery, have the potential to address these limitations; however, UAS visual has not been effectively developed to account for flight parameters in measurements, such as Ground Sampling Distance (GSD). Images of regular and irregular objects were collected in several flights to measure their geometries. The measurements were performed using a computer vision algorithm and a common commercially available photogrammetry tool (Pix4D) as UAS visual and UAS LiDAR. The results indicated that UAS visual is a viable technology that provides consistently accurate measurements of stockpiles of various sizes. The authors used Pix4D to measure volumes ranging from 0.45 m³ to 2838 m³ with errors ranging from 4 % to 6 %. The results indicated that ensuring a GSD value of 0.80 cm in visual imagery can lead to accurate volumetric measurements of irregular objects. To reduce the processing time, a deep leaning-based point cloud classification model was developed to detect the objects of interest, stockpiles, and separate them from irrelevant objects. The average volume difference between the volume predicted using Pix4D and point cloud classification was less than 5.5 %. Finally, we compared the advantages and challenges of UAS with traditional methods and UAS LiDAR in terms of data collection time, cost, limitations, and safety. The results demonstrate that using UAS for stockpile volume measurement is safer and more time-consuming and cost-effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103251"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of a novel hybrid modified ABC fractional monkeypox virus involving environmental disturbance and their stability analysis","authors":"Maysaa Al-Qurashi ,&nbsp;Sehrish Ramzan ,&nbsp;Sobia Sultana ,&nbsp;Saima Rashid ,&nbsp;Sayed K. Elagan","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research explores the epidemiology of widespread monkeypox virus (MPV) transmission using a modified Atanagana-Baleanu-Caputo (mABC) fractional derivative mathematical model in the sense of a generalized Mittag-Leffler kernel. The stability of the disease-free equilibrium in the fractional MPV model is provided, demonstrating the result for <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>. The Jacobian matrix technique shows the global stability of model equilibrium. We conduct sensitivity evaluations to find important factors affecting illness eradication and provide the results. Moreover, we investigate the existence, uniqueness, and Hyers-Ulam (HU) stability of the generalized fractional order nonlinear framework for the MPV model. The solution's uniqueness and stability are demonstrated using fixed point theory and within the HU context. We provide numerical representations for analysis employing Lagrange polynomials. The optimality criteria are produced by applying Pontryagin's maximal argument to prove the validity of the most effective control. Experiments show the approach's usefulness, predictive capabilities, and confirmation of mABC fractional orders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103273"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safeguarding IoT consumer devices: Deep learning with TinyML driven real-time anomaly detection for predictive maintenance","authors":"Iyad Katib,&nbsp;Emad Albassam,&nbsp;Sanaa A. Sharaf,&nbsp;Mahmoud Ragab","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Internet of Things (IoT) security is paramount for enterprises, as it includes several strategies, techniques, actions, and protocols that aim to alleviate the high vulnerability of cutting-edge businesses. IoT consumer devices, from smart home appliances to wearable gadgets, have become ubiquitous daily, facilitating automation and seamless connectivity. However, ensuring their reliability and security presents a tremendous challenge. Anomaly detection methods offer a promising solution, especially those powered by TinyML (Machine Learning (ML) on Tiny Devices). These IoT devices can autonomously identify unusual behaviours or patterns that diverge from regular operation by leveraging the proficiencies of deep learning (DL) techniques enhanced for resource-constraint environments, like neural networks. Incorporating DL, anomaly detection, and TinyML allows real-time monitoring and proactive mitigation of malfunctions or security breaches in IoT devices. This advanced technology ensures improved reliability, privacy, and overall user experience in the dynamic landscape of connected devices, whether identifying irregular health data or detecting unauthorized access attempts on a smart door lock from the wearable fitness tracker. Therefore, this study develops a new Deep Learning technique to secure IoT consumer devices with TinyML Driven Real-time Anomaly Detection for Predictive Maintenance (DLTML-RTADPM). The DLTML-RTADPM technique aims to recognize and categorize the anomalies in IoT consumer devices. At the primary phase, the DLTML-RTADPM model normalizes the input data using Z-score normalization. In the DLTML-RTADPM method, the Fennec Fox Optimization Algorithm (FFA) is used for a high dimensionality reduction process where the optimal feature set is chosen. The DLTML-RTADPM technique implements gradient least mean squares with a bidirectional long short-term memory (GLMS-BiLSTM) approach for anomaly detection. To further improve the detection results of the DLTML-RTADPM technique, the Jaya optimization algorithm (JOA)-based hyperparameter tuning process is utilized. A series of simulations are performed on the benchmark dataset to ensure better detection outcomes of the DLTML-RTADPM model. The investigational validation of the DLTML-RTADPM method portrayed a superior accuracy value of 98.11% over other techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103281"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel inverse method for Advanced monitoring of lubrication conditions in sliding bearings through adaptive genetic algorithm","authors":"Zhenpeng Wu ,&nbsp;Bowen Dong ,&nbsp;Liangyi Nie ,&nbsp;Adnan Kefal","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an inverse lubrication analysis (ILA) method, a novel approach for simulating the lubrication state of sliding bearings under various load conditions. By integrating experimental pressure data from sliding bearings with an adaptive genetic optimization algorithm, this method precisely calculates the eccentricity, attitude angle, and global pressure distribution of the lubrication film. Unlike traditional forward lubrication analysis (FLA) methods, which indirectly estimate the lubrication film status through loads, the ILA method utilizes direct pressure measurements, ensuring accurate and timely raw data for inverse calculations. This approach rapidly and accurately converts measured data into key parameters, closely aligning simulation results with experimental data. The lubrication states of the experimental sliding bearing under loads of 100 N, 200 N, 300 N, and 400 N were successfully predicted, highlighting the method’s reliability in real-world applications. This study provides a new approach and perspective for health monitoring and fault diagnosis of sliding bearings, especially under extreme conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103291"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143234239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of deposition pressure in CdTe thin film solar cells fabrication","authors":"Kazi Sajedur Rahman ,&nbsp;Camellia Doroody ,&nbsp;Puvaneswaran Chelvanathan ,&nbsp;Norasikin Ahmad Ludin ,&nbsp;Mohd Adib Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Nowshad Amin","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) is a potential material for thin-film solar cell fabrication due to its good optoelectronic characteristics, widespread availability, and inexpensive manufacturing costs. However, optimizing the deposition process to generate high-quality CdTe devices remains a challenge since deposition factors such as pressure have a substantial impact on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of the films, eventually influencing device performance. This study explores the effects of deposition pressure during the Close-Spaced Sublimation (CSS) process on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical characteristics of CdTe thin films, with an emphasis on pressures ranging from 1 to 10 Torr. High-quality CdTe films with large grain sizes (∼3 µm), cubic (111) preferential crystallite orientation, low dislocation density, and decreased strain are grown at deposition pressures ranging from 1.5 to 2 Torr, according to structural studies. These properties are appropriate for producing high-performance p-type CdTe absorber layers for solar cells. The optimized films has a band gap of 1.49 eV, a Voc of 0.64 V, a Jsc of over 18 mA/cm², and solar cell efficiencies above 5 % under normal AM1.5 conditions. Films deposited at higher pressures (≥5 Torr) exhibit poor electrical performance, including poorer carrier mobility, higher recombination losses, and low Jsc due to carrier dispersion and grain boundary defects. This work emphasizes the importance of deposition pressure in managing the balance of crystallinity, grain size, and carrier concentration, all of which are required for optimal solar cell performance. The findings present a systematic approach for optimizing CSS deposition parameters in order to achieve higher-efficiency CdTe thin-film solar cells. Furthermore, this study provides the groundwork for future research focusing on pressure-dependent manufacturing processes and post-deposition treatments to increase the efficiency, stability, and scalability of CdTe-based solar cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103255"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of urban furniture in promoting gender equality and static social activities in public spaces","authors":"Reza Askarizad ,&nbsp;Jinliao He","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban furniture plays a crucial role in shaping public spaces, influencing how people interact and engage in social activities. Its design may impact gender equality by either facilitating or hindering equal access to public amenities for both men and women. The entrenched constraints on equal opportunities for women in establishing social activities, particularly in ideologically traditional developing countries like Iran, create observable disparities in the usage of public amenities. This research aimed to develop a comprehensive framework fostering equal opportunities for both men and women in static social activities around street furniture. To achieve this, the research employed a mixed-methods approach. The study combined empirical field observations, space syntax analysis, and interviews with users of public spaces. The space syntax analysis was used to evaluate spatial integration and connectivity, while interviews provided qualitative insights into how men and women interact with urban furniture. Observational data helped identify patterns in the use of street furniture by different genders. The results indicated that street furniture positively influences the social logic of space by enhancing spatial integration and connectivity, thus improving overall accessibility to public spaces for social activities. However, a significant gender imbalance was observed, with men predominantly using street furniture more frequently than women. This disparity highlights conflicting perspectives on gender equality in public space usage. The findings suggest that achieving a more equitable gender distribution in public spaces requires designing street furniture that reduces visual integration and connection while increasing the visual clustering coefficient and entropy, thereby creating more inclusive environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103250"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hybrid Troposkein Wind Turbine with Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Patches and Solar Panels : Design and Performance Evaluations","authors":"Naveen Dhandapani ,&nbsp;Karthik Arul ,&nbsp;Ganapathy Kalyanasundaram ,&nbsp;Laxana Sourirajan ,&nbsp;Beena Stanislaus Arputharaj ,&nbsp;Qasem M. Al-Mdallal ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mukhtar Alam ,&nbsp;Balaji Ganesan ,&nbsp;Vijayanandh Raja","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Troposkein wind turbine (TWT) is analyzed and developed from its inception. Classic aerofoils are investigated for wind turbines because of their low sensitivity to Reynolds Number. This study aims to determine the most efficient design for a TWT by adjusting the blade profile, number of blades, and aerofoils. Three comprehensive investigations have demonstrated that aerofoils based on the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)-633108 have a higher energy extraction capacity compared to other surfaces. In addition to these enhancements, the “Hybrid Concept” utilizes piezo-electric patches and solar panels to enhance the generation of electricity from TWT. The TWT model requires the use of substantial hybrid energy extraction procedures for energy results with an average power of 2 kW. The hybrid energy extraction functions are structurally facilitated by the combination of S-glass fibre composite and GY-70-based carbon fibre composite. Therefore, the utilization of hybrid energy extraction renders TWT a highly effective energy harvester.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103277"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143234240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A highly absorptive ultra-wideband nanoscale metamaterial absorber for solar energy harvesting from ultraviolet to Infrared spectrum","authors":"Abdullah Al Mahfazur Rahman ,&nbsp;Mohammad Tariqul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Moniruzzaman ,&nbsp;Haitham Alsaif ,&nbsp;Abdulwadoud A. Maash ,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Soliman","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a metamaterial absorber (MMA) with a unique design, exhibiting exceptional absorption capabilities across a wide range of wavelengths including ultraviolet, visible, and infrared. The MMA unit cell, measuring 1000 × 1000 × 165 nm³, utilizes tungsten for resonating patch and ground layers, while Quartz performs as the substrate. The design enables absorption peaks of 99.80 %, 95.26 %, and 94 % at 423 nm, 666 nm, and 835 nm wavelengths correspondingly. The study delves into the absorption mechanism by examining the electric field, magnetic field, surface current, and effective parameter analysis. The MMA exhibits polarization insensitivity from 0° to 60° in both transverse electric and magnetic modes with minimal cross-polarization effects verified through polarization conversion ratio analysis. Including 90.08 % average absorption for a bandwidth of 516 nm spanning from ultraviolet to infrared spectra and a solar absorption efficiency of 90.05 %, this MMA holds promise for applications in solar energy harvesting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103229"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thin wire and circular disk resonator MXene solar absorber optimized using Machine learning for renewable energy applications","authors":"Ammar Armghan ,&nbsp;Raj Agravat ,&nbsp;Shobhit K. Patel ,&nbsp;Khaled Aliqab ,&nbsp;Meshari Alsharari","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigated a range of solar absorber configurations made from different materials in an effort to maximize energy output and reduce energy losses in the context of renewable energy sources, especially solar energy. In this study, two-dimensional MXene was used as a resonator based on the Tungsten (W) substrate in thin wire and circular disk integration resonator MXene-based solar absorber (TWCDIRMSA). The design of the resonator combines a thin wire with a circular disk. The TWCDIRMSA has 90 % absorption with a 1750 nm wideband and 96 % absorption with a 930 nm wideband. The solar absorber structure analyzed AM 1.5 irradiation and 91.9 % achieved absorption. This solar absorber achieved absorption rates of 88.35 % at UV, 92.66 % at VIS, 89.56 % at NIR, 96.29 % at MIR, and 97.76 % at FIR spectra respectively. A variation in electric and magnetic intensity with colour-changing was also investigated and 94.37 % absorption by design in the 200–3000 nm wavelength region. The implementation of machine learning (ML) aims to reduce simulation time by one-fourth when compared to traditional methods while also reducing other simulation requirements, with the investigation demonstrating the ML model’s highest achieved R² value of 0.94594 and a mean squared error of 1.294 × 10^-4 under parameter variation. This proposed solar absorber polarization is insensitive to an incident angle of up to 70 degrees and a comparison with previous work is also presented in the table. With these remarkable abilities, this TWCDIRMSA has particular uses in solar inductions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103284"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing virtual indoor environment and energy efficiency with real-time BIM and Unreal Engine integration in building lighting design","authors":"Mert İzmirlioğlu,&nbsp;Hatice Sözer","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2024.103249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lighting system is one of the fundamental energy systems for buildings. In the traditional approach, designers simulate their predesign on computer-aided software to create a convenient lighting environment, in which users cannot feel the lighting effects and experience the lighting scenarios until the design setup stage.</div><div>Recently, with the help of the BIM platform and 3D modeling, both design teams and users can evaluate and visually experiment with the project. Users can more easily grasp the details of the project through the 3D model. In this way, the design development process is carried out more efficiently by design teams and users. However, some BIM-based lighting simulation software can only provide static outputs without any interaction between the users and the environment.</div><div>Further, real-time lighting design with dynamic results will make the design development process efficient, where users will visually feel daylight and artificial light, and experience lighting scenarios with various shading and light control options. This decreases the risk of redesign and revision, which is extremely time-consuming and reduces the efficiency of the lighting design. Therefore, this article proposes a lighting design approach on the integration of BIM and a game engine called Unreal Engine (UE4) for dynamic and user experience- based lighting design.</div><div>The process flow involves creating a BIM model in Autodesk Revit and exporting it in IFC file format. The IFC file is imported into the Dialux EVO software. At the same time, the BIM Model is converted to the appropriate file format via the Datasmith converter that enables data transformation and is imported into UE4. Once the IES data of the luminaires are imported into UE4, the arrangement of lighting luminaries is done in the model. Illuminance level measurements are carried out with the help of HDR mode. For the verification of the calculation results, the lighting design in UE4 is manually transferred to DialuxEVO and the lighting calculation is carried out for validation of UE4 measurements. Subsequently, the effect of daylight on the illuminance level during sunrise and sunset hours is measured in UE4 for three different days predetermined throughout the year, and the measurements are recorded in a table.</div><div>In the research, artificial lighting is utilized as a secondary source only when natural daylight is insufficient to achieve maximum daylight utilization. The daylight simulation was conducted under Clear Sky conditions, utilizing a historic building located in the Datça district of the Southern Aegean region of Turkey as a reference. The analysis focused on the sunrise and sunset hours, which are known to have relatively lower levels of available daylight, in order to maximize the use of natural daylight. Results show that between 20% and 24% improvements could be achieved by utilizing real-time evaluation technics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 103249"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}