Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing rotor angle stability of reconfigured transmission networks","authors":"Ahmed Amin ,&nbsp;Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. Attia ,&nbsp;Mohamed Zakaria Kamh","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transmission network planners use switching to address a variety of issues, one of which is short circuit currents that exceed the capability of transmission substations. Transmission Switching (TS) can influence rotor angle transient stability (RATS). The alteration of the short-circuit power at points of interconnection of certain generators (POIs) due to switching can cause those generators to lose stability post-clearance of severe network faults. Therefore, it is imperative that RATS be taken into account when adopt switching in transmission networks. In the literature, analyses of generator angle separation only during and after fault incidence are used for predicting RATS issues. This can be quite challenging for network operators in terms of the available time for carrying out mitigating actions. Generation redispatch, among other measures, can be utilized to preserve RATS post-network switching. In previous work, the authors addressed the optimization of transmission network switching using steady state analysis as an inexpensive way to manage increased short circuit currents amid large-scale generation integration in some networks. This paper is the sequel of the previous work where the preservation of RATS amid such switching actions is addressed. An algorithm for preserving RATS after switching is proposed. The algorithm depends on the MATLAB regression learner that identifies the best heuristic technique for a solution with the least root mean square error (RMSE). PSS®E is utilized to run the simulations on a real-size practical extra-high voltage network. The results are then fed to the MATLAB regression learner, which identifies the relation between the impedance seen by each generator and the altered setpoints (e.g., generator dispatch). The algorithm therefore provides sufficient time for network operators to react to expected RATS issues since it anticipates these issues before fault events occur. Additionally, this algorithm enhances the industry-based software used for transient security assessment because it eliminates the need to run all the network contingencies every time if the relation between the impedance and the setpoints is kept within desirable values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103329"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new algorithm for the identification of high impedance faults in distribution systems utilizing S transform","authors":"Aida Abedzadeh Janiabadi,&nbsp;Saeid Hasheminejad","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using the superior specifications of S-transform (ST) a new algorithm is presented for the high impedance fault (HIF) detection in distribution systems. Here, ST is applied to one cycle of the current signal and all time and frequency information of the signal are extracted. Then, four numerical indices named as total harmonic distortion (THD), even harmonic energy (EHE), variation coefficient (VC) and phase deviation (PD) are calculated from the ST output. According to the values of the four indices and some predefined thresholds, HIF is discriminated from the normal situation and other events of the distribution system. Performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by the test signals simulated by PSCAD/EMTDC software and experimental test signals extracted from a real distribution network. Here, the total algorithm implementation time is 21 ms. With the presence of 30 dB gaussian white noise, the HIF identification accuracy is cleared to be 98.48 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103334"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel hybrid biological optimisation algorithm for tackling reservoir optimal operation problem","authors":"Xinlong Le,&nbsp;Kang Ling,&nbsp;Liwei Zhou,&nbsp;Yunliang Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces the Hybrid Grey-Wolf-Coati Optimiser (HGWCO), a novel metaheuristic algorithm designed for solving constrained optimisation problems. HGWCO integrates the hierarchical leadership structure of the Grey Wolf Optimiser (GWO) with the dynamic population search behavior of the Coati Optimisation Algorithm (CoatiOA), addressing the critical challenge of balancing global exploration and local exploitation in high-dimensional optimisation problems. To evaluate its effectiveness, HGWCO was tested on 10 benchmark functions from the CEC2020 suite and four real-world engineering optimisation problems, including reservoir operation. The results show that HGWCO ranked first in 19 out of 50 CEC2020 test scenarios and demonstrated stable performance in four real-world engineering problems, maintaining consistency in optimal values, mean, and variance. It also outperformed 25 algorithms in tasks like pressure vessel design (PVD) and the traveling salesman problem (TSP). In reservoir operation optimisation, HGWCO surpassed compared metaheuristics, ensuring stable convergence with more practical optimisation results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103342"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Fault-Tolerant Control for Dynamic Systems with Distributed Fault Parameter Uncertainty Domains","authors":"Dan Du ,&nbsp;Zetao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an optimal fault-tolerant control (FTC) method for dynamic systems with distributed fault parameter uncertainty. According to the distributed characteristic of the fault parameter uncertainty domain and insufficient fault information, identify the controller parameter feasible domain on each distributed fault parameter uncertainty sub-domain, respectively. The intersection of all controller parameter feasible domains is the feasible domain of fault-tolerant controller parameters. The optimal fault-tolerant controller with an optimal performance index is obtained from the feasible domain of fault-tolerant controller parameters. Update the optimal fault-tolerant controller according to the increase in fault information. When the fault diagnosis procedure stops providing more useful fault information, the optimal fault-tolerant controller ceases its updates. After fully identifying the fault, an active fault-tolerant controller is designed based on the fault parameter values. An optimal fault-tolerant control algorithm based on quadratic stability control is introduced for distributed fault parameter uncertainty domains. Firstly, the currently distributed fault parameter uncertainty domain is determined based on insufficient fault information. Then, we design the quadratic stability controllers for each distributed uncertainty sub-domain of fault parameters to get the controller parameter feasible domain. The optimal fault-tolerant controller with an optimal performance index is obtained from the feasible domain of fault-tolerant controller parameters. Once the fault is identified, the optimal fault-tolerant control converges to the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control. The simulation results confirm that the proposed method and algorithm are feasible and effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 103319"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FPGA-based implementation of a tangible cubes sense using infrared communication","authors":"Vladimir Kasik ,&nbsp;Martin Augustynek,&nbsp;Jan Kubicek,&nbsp;Terezie Kauzlaricova,&nbsp;Jaroslav Vondrak,&nbsp;Alice Varysova","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and motivation</h3><div>The integration of tangible objects into digital environments represents a growing research frontier, addressing gaps in existing interactive and sensor technologies. This study proposes a novel method for real-time object identification and localization using infrared (IR) communication and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The research employs IR communication for data exchange between cubes and a smart sensory board (SSB), each equipped with IR transmitters and receivers. FPGA technology is utilized to facilitate real-time data processing and visualization. Key metrics include detection accuracy for cube positioning, angular rotation, and tilt. Experiments analyzed the system’s robustness under varying displacement, rotation, and tilt conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The system achieved reliable detection within a 6 mm tolerance for displacement and a maximum height of 30 mm above the SSB. Angular rotation was limited to ±11° for central axis rotation at optimal alignment, with false positives reduced through calibrated IR power and checksum validation. Five experimental tests quantified the detection boundaries, producing detailed metrics: translation limits: ±7 mm in the x and y axes, rotation: ±11° around the central axis; ±10° along edges, and tilt: maximum angular limits of 29° for left edges and 25° for front edges.The system demonstrated robustness, with a fault rate below 2 % under normal operating conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><div>While the system’s IR communication and FPGA integration improve accuracy and response time, potential limitations include sensitivity to environmental interference and the need for precise manufacturing tolerances. Future research should explore advanced materials, broader IR protocols, and enhanced usability features such as adaptive haptic feedback. The findings provide a foundation for further development in sensor-based interaction systems and contribute to the advancement of augmented reality technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103321"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified pervious concrete containing biomass aggregate: Sustainability and environmental benefits","authors":"Akram M. Mhaya ,&nbsp;Shahiron Shahidan ,&nbsp;Sharifah Salwa Mohd Zuki ,&nbsp;S.J.S. Hakim ,&nbsp;Mohd Haziman Wan Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Mohamad Azim Mohammad Azmi ,&nbsp;Ghasan Fahim Huseien","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pervious concrete (PC) can be called porous concrete or no fine concrete that has a high rate of permeability and low compressive strength. In general, compressive strength is inversely related to the void ratio. In this research, PC incorporating biomass as a coarse aggregate replacement (0 %–10 %) was assessed utilizing compressive strength tests in a systematic way. Here, response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized in designing the experimental works. This study focused on the effect with respect to biomass aggregate (BA) on the compressive strength and the void ratio of PC. Three groups of mixtures with 0 %, 5 % and 10 % of BA were experimented with. The first group was a control mix without additives. The second group contained gellan gum (GG) and silica fume (SF) as additives. The third group comprised rice husk ash (RHA), fly ash (FA) and SF as blended cement. Compressive strength, permeability, void ratio as well as water absorption tests were conducted. The test results showed that BA, as a partial replacement of natural aggregate, tends to reduce the compressive strength of PC. Specimens with blended cement containing 5 % of BA achieved 12.10 MPa, which is 46.7 % higher than the control mix, which achieved 6.45 MPa, after 28 days of curing. Note that the compressive strength of the specimens modified with pozzolanic materials (FA, SF, and RHA) and containing 10 % of BA was 42.5 % higher than the control mix. In contrast, specimens with GG and SF achieved almost the same compressive strength compared with the control mix. This is expected to reignite the interest in PC containing BA for sustainable construction. However, it was also deduced that the outcomes of both the mathematical and experimental<!--> <!-->models of RSM were accurate and consistent. Strong correlation and minimum error were indicated by the correlation statistical indicators (R²), which were higher than 0.98, and the error was less than 0.2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103324"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced techniques for decomposing recurrent curvature tensors in Tachibana spaces and generalized geometric structures","authors":"Sukh Pal Singh ,&nbsp;Indiwar Singh Chauhan ,&nbsp;T.S. Chauhan ,&nbsp;Nikhil Kumar ,&nbsp;Anshul Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of advanced techniques for decomposing recurrent curvature tensors across diverse geometric frameworks. By integrating classical methodologies with modern approaches, we develop novel methods that enhance the understanding of recurrent tensors within complex geometric settings. Our study extends the mathematical foundations of tensor decomposition with a focus on its implications for Kählerian and Tachibana structures. Through rigorous theoretical analysis and computational simulations, we demonstrate the efficacy of these methods, offering precise and meaningful results. This investigation specifically addresses the recurrent and bi-recurrent behaviors of curvature tensor fields in these spaces, providing new insights into their geometric structures. We also explore the implications of the Bianchi identity and introduce the concept of Weyl-concircular curvature tensor field and tri-recurrent Tachibana spaces. A detailed analysis of the decomposition of curvature tensors and covariant tensor fields is presented, utilizing advanced mathematical tools and techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103326"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current transformer saturation detection by cross-correlation with independent target signal","authors":"Mahmoud M. Elgamasy ,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Zaky ,&nbsp;Ahmed F. Zobaa ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. Elsadd","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The saturation of current transformers (CTs) leads to distortion in secondary current, potentially causing malfunction in protective relays within power systems. Detecting the saturated portions in the measured signal and reconstructing the primary reference current are essential to prevent relay malfunctions and ensure sensitivity during faults. Existing methods in the literature still face challenges in improving accuracy, especially in the presence of noise in the measured signal. The proposed method in this paper is more robust under noisy conditions compared to existing signal processing-based methods. It relies on a cross-correlation algorithm that uses an independent target signal. This method is parameter-less and independent of the CT’s specifications. Additionally, no extra hardware equipment is required. The proposed method identifies the saturated portions in the measured secondary current in each cycle, enabling the reconstruction of the saturated current to obtain the reference primary current. A test system has been simulated, and the data are processed using MATLAB. Various test cases are executed, and the results confirm that the proposed method is highly effective in providing fast and accurate detection of CT saturation, with improved robustness against noise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103314"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of fluidic oscillator performance improvements by modifying interior chamber with a backward facing step geometry","authors":"Waridho Iskandar ,&nbsp;James Julian ,&nbsp;Ming-Jyh Chern ,&nbsp;Harinaldi","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A computational method is used to model the BFSFO with variations in LR and HR to make it more efficient with high frequency and low average pressure drop. BFSFO LR 0.402 HR 0.4 outperformed the other variations with a frequency increase of 33.17% compared to the clean fluidic oscillator. The increase in frequency of BFSFO LR 0.402 HR 0.4 relative to the BFSFO baseline is 8.95%. The average pressure drop is 1.27% higher than clean fluidic oscillator. The decrease in the average pressure drop of BFSFO LR 0.402 HR 0.4 relative to the BFSFO baseline is 15.21%. The oscillation frequency increased due to the fluid flow with higher momentum in the upper and lower feedback channels. The circulation bubble in BFSFO LR 0.402 HR 0.4 is smaller than that in the BFSFO baseline, resulting in a lower average pressure drop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103323"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring the flow patterns of high performance self-compacting concrete in the voids of sloped rock-filled concrete structures","authors":"Ahmed A. Nasr ,&nbsp;Baizhi Wang ,&nbsp;Songgui Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rock-filled concrete (RFC) integrates rocks with high-performance self-compacting concrete (HSCC), combining rock stability with superior concrete properties. Effective HSCC cementation, especially in concealed areas, is critical for RFC’s structural integrity, but flow through intricate rock interstices poses challenges in quantifying filling performance. This study investigates HSCC flow on inclined rock surfaces using a real-time monitoring system to track behavior and efficiency. Key factors such as slope, flowability, rock size, and coarse aggregate size were analyzed. Results show that improved flowability enhances cavity filling, smaller rocks increase granular interlocking, and greater slopes accelerate flow velocity but do not ensure uniform filling. Optimal parameters for effective casting are a slump flow of 600–700 mm, rock sizes of 12.5–15 cm, and a rock skeleton slope of 1:2. Lastly, a predictive formula for HSCC flow velocity through inclined rock interstices was developed, providing insights for efficient RFC construction and enhanced structural performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 103313"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}