Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Robust marine target state estimation via cooperative observation with air-mobile platforms: A new algorithmic approach","authors":"Qiuyang Dai ,&nbsp;Faxing Lu ,&nbsp;Junfei Xu ,&nbsp;Yuxiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Haoran Shi ,&nbsp;Guoliang Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing algorithms for systematic error reduction often assume constant or slowly varying errors and rely on fixed, homogeneous platforms, limiting their ability to handle sudden changes in systematic and attitude errors in motorized platforms. To address this, we propose a robust algorithm based on first-order Taylor expansion within a cooperative air-mobile detection system. By utilizing multi-platform observations, we derive a joint systematic error expression, enabling accurate target state estimation without directly estimating the error. A pseudo-measurement equation is also constructed to further improve estimation accuracy. Simulations under various error conditions—including consistent, inconsistent, and mutation errors—show that our algorithm outperforms existing methods and demonstrates greater robustness. Practical experiments confirm its effectiveness, achieving a 2–3x improvement in estimation accuracy. This method enables precise marine target state estimation even amid significant systematic and attitude errors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103685"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of a novel mathematical model of measles-pneumonia co-infection with treated-vaccinated compartment","authors":"Adil Jhangeer ,&nbsp;Seerat Fatima ,&nbsp;Nauman Raza ,&nbsp;Muhammad Hamza Rafiq ,&nbsp;Nehad Ali Shah ,&nbsp;Mustafa Bayram","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measles and pneumonia in Pakistan cause severe health deterioration and fatality due to weak immunity, medical accessibility challenges, and financial instability. This study proposes a new mathematical model integrating vaccine and treatment classes to investigate measles-pneumonia co-infection dynamics in Pakistan. The model's validity is assured by proving key characteristics such as positivity and invariant region. The basic reproduction number <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and equilibrium points are determined to evaluate whether the diseases endure or fade away. The Routh-Hurwitz criteria are used to evaluate the local stability, and global stability is established by using a Lyapunov function at the infection-free equilibrium. The model is visually shown to accurately fit actual cases after determining parameters using real data on measles cases in Pakistan. Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effect of enhancing vaccination efficiency on infection rates and give insights into how both diseases behave when the reproduction number <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> is less or more than one. A global sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the impact of crucial parameters on co-infection disease transmission and their impact on both disease reproduction numbers. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the implemented techniques in enhancing the accuracy of outbreak predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103659"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and analysis of 15-level inverter with a new voltage level generation method","authors":"Hasan Hataş","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multilevel inverters (MLIs) are commonly used in high-power applications for their ability to reduce Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and improve power quality. However, the need for multiple DC sources in MLIs can increase complexity and cost. This study proposes a novel 15-level MLI topology that uses a High Frequency Link (HFL) to multiplex voltage levels, addressing these challenges. The goal is to reduce THD, voltage stress, and component count, while improving inverter efficiency. The method involves optimizing the transformer winding ratio using a cost optimization algorithm to minimize THD. The topology integrates multiple half H-bridge circuits, enabling the production of 15 voltage levels from a single DC source. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed topology achieves a 5.4% THD, demonstrating improved performance over conventional 15-level MLIs. Additionally, it maintains high efficiency and low voltage stress, reducing power loss and confirming its applicability in industrial and renewable energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 10","pages":"Article 103679"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated AHP-GP-GA approach for public project portfolio selection problem","authors":"A.O. Mogbojuri ,&nbsp;O.A. Olanrewaju","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strategically selecting projects and managing the project portfolio enables firms to enhance their comprehension of project risks and benefits. The capacity to choose a suitable combination of projects is a considerable benefit in the project selection process when confronted with budgetary and other limitations. The selection of projects via an effective methodology is rare, as numerous approaches are considered useless due to constraints on the number of projects available and the inability to identify cost-efficient initiatives. The study presents integrated models of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, Goal Programming, and Genetic Algorithm (AHP-GP-GA) by removing the bias of each model for Public PPSP and building a relationship between the developed models.</div><div>The AHP method was utilized to establish project selection criteria, allocate relative priority values to stakeholders, and calculate the overall weighting of project alternatives. The GP employed a computational approach to address numerous goals and limitations. The GA is a suitable mechanism for an efficient and versatile algorithm for optimisation that yields the best possible results. The empirical study demonstrates the fact the integrated approach effectively tackles wide ranging or multiplex issues involving various decision factors, yielding more optimal solutions and exhibiting resilience and adaptability in decision-making problems. The AHP-GP-GA model gives project selection criteria that are more significant in societal sustainability and the Public Project Portfolio Selection Problem (PPSP), has been used to more than 200 large projects, and has been contributed to the literature to improve the current approaches. It also removes the bias in selecting projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 10","pages":"Article 103644"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical image enhancement through Klein–Gordon model with advanced differential operators","authors":"A. Priya ,&nbsp;S. Kalaivani","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Image enhancement in medicine is crucial for diagnosing anatomical structures like tissues, organs, bones, and tumors. Insufficient lighting, incorrect settings, sensor constraints, excessive exposure, noise, patient motion, technical artifacts, and poor post–processing lead to low contrast and distorted noise interference. Consequently, the processes of diagnosis and decision-making is a challenges for medical professionals. The proposed work introduces a novel method using the Klein–Gordon equation to model image intensity as a scalar field, improving propagation, reducing noise, and maintaining edge sharpness. The Grunwald-Letnikov fractional derivative detects subtle edges while balancing smoothing and enhancement, preserving internal structure. Hausdorff fractal derivative significantly influence low-contrast images by improving local contrast and preserving details. The proposed method’s effectiveness is shown through assessments using no-reference image quality metrics BRISQUE and NIQE. The technique uses Chest X-ray, Dental X-ray, SARS-COV-CT Scan, and brain MRI results in BRISQUE and NIQE values, revealing significant visual enhancements over other methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 10","pages":"Article 103617"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of modular multilevel converters and soft computing for efficient grid-connected PV systems","authors":"Manimala P ,&nbsp;Sujatha Balaraman ,&nbsp;C. John De Britto ,&nbsp;M. Hariprabhu","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An innovative approach that leverages Multilevel Inverter (MLI) advanced control methodologies to improve grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) system performance is introduced in this work. This Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) consists of both high-frequency converter and low-frequency inverter, facilitating efficient power conversion. To maximize PV power extraction, novel Chaotic Prairie Dog Optimization (PDO) based Fuzzy Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm is implemented. The optimized Fuzzy MPPT output, combined with reactive power information, serves as inputs to dq theory-based Proportional-Integral (PI) controller. The obtained reference current undergoes pre-processing, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) based segmentation, Self-adapting genetic algorithm (GA)-Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNN) based classification. Furthermore, validation through Matlab simulations and hardware implementation underscores the proposed approach’s effectiveness in optimizing grid-connected PV system operation. With a total harmonic distortion (THD) of 1.25% in simulation and 1.6% in experiments, the system exhibits a high level of precision in generating sinusoidal current waveforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 10","pages":"Article 103642"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal rotor structures to reduce Windage Loss and their impact on Acoustic Noise and Vibration in Switched Reluctance Motors: Application to L5M and L5N electric-three wheelers","authors":"Arjun Seshadri ,&nbsp;Rahul Roy ,&nbsp;Lenin Natesan Chokkalingam","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two Switched Reluctance Motors (SRMs) rated to 3 kW and 6 kW have been designed for L5M and L5N (High-speed passenger and cargo) electric three-wheeler traction application. As the traction application requires the SRMs to operate in a wide operating speed range up to 12000 rpm, windage loss and acoustic noise becomes a problem of concern. To reduce the windage loss, the slot shape of the rotor is changed to minimize the slot area while meeting the torque developed by the motor. To understand the impact of change in the rotor slot on noise and vibration, a detailed noise simulation study is performed. To validate the simulation results, prototyping of the optimal rotor structure followed by experimental tests are carried out and the results are compared.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103648"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Codimension-one bifurcations, 0 − 1 chaos test and local behavior at fixed points of a discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey model with linear harvesting","authors":"Muhammad Rameez Raja ,&nbsp;Abdul Qadeer Khan ,&nbsp;J.G. AL-Juaid ,&nbsp;Md. Rifat Hasan","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we investigate codimension-one bifurcations, the 0-1 chaos test, and the local behavior at fixed points of a discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey model with linear harvesting. We begin by identifying the existence of boundary and interior fixed points under specific parametric conditions, and analyze their local stability using the linear stability theory. To understand how qualitative changes in the model's dynamics occur, we conduct a detailed codimension-one bifurcation analysis, particularly focusing on Neimark-Sacker and flip bifurcations by the bifurcation theory and center manifold theorem. The occurrence of chaotic behavior near these bifurcations is further explored using OGY and hybrid control strategies. A significant part of this study involves applying the 0-1 chaos test which is an efficient numerical algorithm designed to differentiate between regular (quasi-periodic or periodic) and chaotic dynamics based on the asymptotic growth of a translation variable derived from the model's time series. The test yields a value close to 0 for regular dynamics, and near 1 for chaotic behavior, providing a simple binary indicator of chaos. We also interpreted theoretical results biologically. Finally, theoretical results are validated and illustrated through extensive numerical simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103641"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electromagnetic wave propagation algorithm: A novel electromagnetic wave propagation-inspired optimizer for engineering applications","authors":"Muhammad Abdullah ,&nbsp;Khurram Saleem Alamgeer ,&nbsp;Ghulam Hafeez ,&nbsp;Baheej Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Ahmed S. Alsafran ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zeeshan Babar","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a new physics-based meta-heuristic optimization technique, termed Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Algorithm (EMWPA), which models the propagation behavior of electromagnetic waves for global search diversity to improve exploration. The algorithm employs two cosine waveforms with different amplitudes to create a dynamic balance between global exploration and local exploitation. To improve the conventional wave-based search approach, EMWPA integrates a directional update mechanism that enhances convergence accuracy and a phase modulation strategy that prevents premature convergence. The contributions of this work are threefold: (i) the formulation of a physics-driven optimization model based on electromagnetic wave principles; (ii) enhancement of the basic propagation framework through directional learning and phase modulation to prevent premature convergence; (iii) performance validation through extensive experiments on 30 benchmark test functions including, unimodal and multimodal that evaluate convergence behavior, robustness, and optimization quality; and demonstration of EMWPA's applicability through four real-world engineering applications encompassing the design of pressure vessels, optimizing welded beam structures, developing gear train mechanisms, and harmonic minimization in multilevel inverters. Results demonstrate that EMWPA achieved the best average solution in 27 out of 30 benchmark functions compared to existing methods such as ABC, CSA, MVO, SSA, GJO, and PO. In constrained engineering applications like pressure vessel and welded beam design, EMWPA obtained the best or second-best cost solutions while maintaining low computational time. In the harmonic minimization case, the EMWPA and PO algorithms yield the most effective reductions in Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). Notably, EMWPA achieves convergence 38.91% faster than PO, highlighting its computational efficiency and harmonic suppression capability. Simulation results reveal that EMWPA consistently outperforms several well-known algorithms (ABC, CSA, MVO, SSA, GJO, and PO) in terms of solution quality, stability (low standard deviation), and computational efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103615"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the green space accessibility for assembly areas of the urban road in case of disaster: Kastamonu case study","authors":"Pelin Şahin Körmeçli","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the recent increase in disasters, creating disaster-resilient urban planning and developing solution suggestions are of critical importance. Natural disasters such as earthquakes create risks for roads. In Turkey there is an increase in earthquakes in recent years and many people lose their lives. In cities, the roads in the built environment direct movement, and there is a need to examine the spatial accessibility of assembly areas in the road network in case of disaster. Green areas, as assembly areas, have spatial potential with their numerous contributions to the city in reducing the impact of disasters. This study aims to analyze assembly points for disaster by evaluating the accessibility of green areas in the transportation network of the city of Kastamonu in Turkey, which is located in the first-degree earthquake zone. The road network and green space data were analyzed through open street map (OSM) and Overpass turbo tools. The accessibility of the transportation network within the city was evaluated using the space syntax method in DepthmapX and QGIS softwares, and the assembly points on the roads were evaluated with buffer and network analyzes in the ArcGIS software. As a result of the research, although green areas in the Kastamonu city center constitute the majority of the city, it was determined in the analysis that 40% of the green areas are accessible. Accessible green areas are within walking distance of the road network, and access to assembly areas decreases as you move away from the main road. As a result of the research, it was shown that the green area transportation potential of the Kastamonu city center is high and that the hierarchy of the road network and the accessibility of green areas in the road network are important parameters in creating an earthquake-resilient city. The study also revealed that service areas and route plans should be developed within walking distance to green areas over the road network. The results of this research will contribute to increasing the efficiency of urban planning studies and improving the disaster fighting capacity of decision makers with the proposed methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 11","pages":"Article 103663"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}