Ain Shams Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"A low-power, high accuracy digital design of batch normalized non-linear neuron models: Synthetic experiments and FPGA evaluation","authors":"S. Kavitha ,&nbsp;C. Kumar ,&nbsp;Abdullah Alwabli","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Batch-Normalization (BN) technique has gained significant attention in Neural Networks (NNs) due to its ability to mitigate the vanishing gradient problem, leading to slow learning rate in early epochs, complicating Activation Functions (AFs) optimization which significantly affects the NNs performance. This paper ultimately focuses on the Batch-Normalized Non-linear Neuron Models (BN-NLN) like Logistic, Softmax, LeakyReLU, Swish, TanH, ELU, SELU and APL. Simulations and FPGA implementations confirm that the proposed neurons outperform in terms of resource and interconnect utilization, delay at 10 MHz clock frequency. Notably, BNTANH stands out as a highly efficient low power neuron model. Extensive statistical analysis proves that proposed neuron models like BNLEAKYRELU, BNSWISH, BNTANH, BNELU, and BNSELU achieve impressive accuracy rates of 97 %, 98 %, 98 %, 97 %, and 98 % respectively, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed models in optimizing both power efficiency and computational accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103469"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the CO2 curing on a certain recycled concrete with the mineral-added binary and ternary cementitious systems","authors":"Cheng Wang,&nbsp;Jianjun Zhao,&nbsp;Yu Liu,&nbsp;Xiao Zhao,&nbsp;Xuejin Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Demolition waste and cement production account for 36 % of the total waste generated on earth and 8 % of the world’s CO₂ emissions, respectively, while considering that studies on CO₂ curing of recycled concrete (RC) containing ternary cementitious systems (fly ash (FA) and slag) are limited. In this paper, the effects of adding FA and slag as binary and ternary cementitious systems on the unit carbon sequestration, carbon sequestration rate, compressive strength and microstructure of RC under CO₂ curing were investigated. Finally, the overall benefit is evaluated by combining three indicators: compressive strength, CO₂ emission and cost. The results showed that the unit carbon sequestration of RC with binary cementitious systems peaked at 45 % mineral replacement, reaching 16.69 g/kg (FA + cement) and 14.46 g/kg (slag + cement), respectively, while compressive strength peaked at 30 % mineral replacement. At the same replacement rate, the unit carbon sequestration (17.56 g/kg) and compressive strength of ternary cementitious system RC were superior to those of binary systems when FA and slag were incorporated at ratios of 7.5 % and 37.5 %, respectively. From a microstructural perspective, after CO₂ curing, the addition of FA does not significantly affect the calcite diffraction peak intensity in RC, while the calcite diffraction peak in slag RC is significantly enhanced. In ternary cementitious system RC, the calcite diffraction peak no longer shows significant changes once the FA content reaches a certain level. In addition, the ternary cementitious system offers better overall benefits in terms of CO₂ emissions, cost, and compressive strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103476"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting compressive and tensile strength of concrete with different sand types using machine learning","authors":"Tarek Salem Abdennaji ,&nbsp;Rupesh Kumar Tipu ,&nbsp;Yahya Alassaf","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study evaluates the prediction accuracy of concrete compressive and tensile strength using machine learning and deep learning models with diverse sand materials, cement types, and filler combinations. A dataset of 587 concrete mix samples was compiled from literature. Seven prediction algorithms, including Linear Regression, Support Vector Regression, Decision Tree Regressor, Random Forest Regressor, Gradient Boosting Regressor, Extreme Gradient Boosting, and Multi-Layer Perceptron, were employed. Preprocessing involved handling missing data, outlier detection, encoding, and feature normalization for Principal Component Analysis. Performance was assessed using coefficient of determination (R²), root mean squared error, mean absolute error, and mean absolute percentage error with cross-validation. Extreme Gradient Boosting showed superior accuracy (R² = 0.954 for compressive and 0.952 for tensile strength). SHapley Additive Explanations identified curing age, water-to-binder ratio, and filler density as key features. A real-time GitHub interface allows strength predictions, aiding sustainable construction optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103474"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-data driven and space syntax approach to urban heritage revitalization: Insights from Zhongshan Rd. Historic District, China","authors":"Yuyan Lyu,&nbsp;Mohd Iskandar Abd Malek,&nbsp;Nor Haslina Binti Ja’afar,&nbsp;Chengyu Liu,&nbsp;Zhangjingyi Liu,&nbsp;Ziyi Han","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Historic urban areas, with their distinctive regional characteristics and profound cultural significance, are crucial for urban heritage preservation and the sustainable development of cities. However, the complexity of their spatial structure poses challenges for conventional research methods to effectively capture their unique spatial characteristics. This study aims to address these challenges by proposing an innovative approach that integrates multi-source data with quantitative spatial analysis techniques, with a specific focus on the Zhongshan Road Historic and Cultural District in Qingdao, China. By integrating space syntax techniques with Point of Interest (POI) data, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of the district’s spatial patterns and functional attributes. The findings identify potential development zones and offer quantitative evidence to support revitalization strategies for historic districts. This study provides scientific guidance for urban heritage revitalization projects, aiming to enhance the precision of urban analysis and design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103473"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An innovative hybrid power model for protecting tethered drones in case of wired power failures","authors":"Tarık Ünler","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel hybrid energy switching system, providing full protection for tethered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (tUAVs) increasingly used to extend flight duration. Semiconductor components are employed to minimize switching delays, while an electronic circuit detects interruptions and eliminates power failure-related issues through a backup mechanism. Additionally, a super capacitor bank is integrated into the design as an extra layer of protection to prevent disruptions in the avionics system. Experimental results demonstrate that the system achieves effective power source switching within 0.560 to 1.296 ms, maintaining continuous operation of both avionics and propulsion systems across a temperature range of 0 to 50 °C and load variations from 25 % to 100 % of full capacity. This innovative hybrid energy switching system offers a safe and reliable solution for all tethered UAVs powered by cables, enhancing operational safety and reducing the risk of accidents and damage resulting from power or tethering system failures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103471"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical behavior of kink solitons in nonlinear Chaffee-Infante equations with chaotic and bifurcation analysis","authors":"Zainab Alsheekhhussain ,&nbsp;Tariq S. Alshammari ,&nbsp;Yaouba Amadou ,&nbsp;Saleh Alshammari ,&nbsp;Mohammad Alshammari ,&nbsp;M. Mossa Al-sawalha","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Chaffee-Infante Equations (CIEs) are modified types of reaction-diffusion equations which are frequently employed in research of phase transitions, pattern generation and nonlinear wave dynamics. The main purpose of this work is to focus on building and analyzing soliton solutions for (1+1)- and (2+1)-dimensional CIEs through an analytical method known as <span><math><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>)</mo></math></span>-expansion method. The strategic <span><math><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>)</mo></math></span>-expansion technique first converts CIEs into Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equation (NODEs) using wave transformations which are subsequently transformed into systems of nonlinear algebraic equations under the supposition of closed-form solutions. The solutions of the resulted systems yield numerous soliton solutions in the form of rational, exponential, trigonometric and hyperbolic functions when analyzed by using the Maple tool. Some soliton solutions are assessed through illustrated contour and 3D visualisations for specified parameter values to confirm the existence of kink soliton solutions such as cuspon, anti-kink, bright, dark, dark-bright and multiple kink solitons in CIEs. The chaotic behavior of the perturbed dynamical systems is also investigated through Gillian transformation method and time series method, noting its existence in the dynamical system that has been perturbed and getting favorable outcomes about the chaotic behaviors of CIEs. Moreover, the research shows that <span><math><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>)</mo></math></span>-expansion method works as an efficient robust simple method which generates numerous soliton solutions applicable to various Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations (NPDEs) in mathematical sciences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103438"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified class of hyperbolic p-convex function with application to integral inequalities","authors":"Xiaoming Wang ,&nbsp;Khuram Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Saima Riaz ,&nbsp;Ammara Nosheen ,&nbsp;Y.S. Hamed","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the new class of modified hyperbolic <em>p</em>-convex functions is introduced and some of their basic algebraic properties are presented. The motivation behind for introducing this new class is that it can solve more complicated problems, such as those with hyperbolic structures and fractional calculus, which are often inadequately handled by classical convex functions. By utilizing this modified class, some new integral inequalities related to the Hermite-Hadamard (<em>H</em>-<em>H</em>) inequality are derived. A particular identity for differentiable functions is also used that enables an extension and improvement of the classical <em>H</em>-<em>H</em> inequality. This work explores the relationships between these modified hyperbolic <em>p</em>- convex functions and other classes of convex functions, demonstrating the superiority of the newly obtained inequalities over previous findings. Finally, several examples with graphs are provided to illustrate the validity of the newly established inequalities, and a comparison with earlier results highlights their enhanced applicability and significance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103445"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the quality classes of Elazig cherry marble with image processing","authors":"Murat Yavuz ,&nbsp;İbrahim Türkoğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nature has provided the basic resources for the sustainability of human life throughout history. Natural stones have been used intensively by people for different purposes such as shelter, weapons and ornaments. Marble has attracted attention with its variety of colors, aesthetic appearance, durability and rich textural structure and has become one of the most preferred natural stones. This high usage rate has made marble a very valuable mineral in economic terms. Elazığ Cherry marble (Rosso Levanto) is a rare type of marble with unique color, pattern and texture features, extracted only from the Elazığ − Alacakaya region of Turkey. The evaluation and classification of marble quality is mostly carried out by experts based on observation today. However, this subjective method has important limitations such as high margin of error, economic risks and increased workload. Therefore, the classification process must be transferred to the digital environment; it must be fast and reliable. This study proposes the use of image processing techniques based on color analysis in order to perform the digital classification of Elazığ Cherry marble. Based on expert opinions, quality classification metrics were determined and traditional A, B, C quality levels were technically defined. In addition, Class A marbles were divided into detailed subclasses (A1, A2, A3) and the classification process was made more sensitive. In the classification tests conducted using ResNet50 architecture and Support Vector Machines (SVM), which are among the deep learning models, 95.80% accuracy was achieved. The results obtained show that marble producers can use digital classification processes effectively, thus increasing both production efficiency and reducing the workload of employees, thus saving significant time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103455"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced hybrid frameworks for water quality index prediction","authors":"Mohammad Ehteram ,&nbsp;Somayeh Soltani-Gerdefaramarzi","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The water quality index (WQI) is a critical parameter that must be accurately predicted to ensure the sustainable management of water resources. Thus, our study develops the sine cosine optimization algorithm (SCOA)- long short-term memory (LSTM) − Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), SCOA- LSTM − least square support vector machine (LSSVM), crow optimization algorithm (COA)- LSTM-XGBoost, and COA-LSTM-LSSVM models to predict WQI in Aidoghmoush river, Iran. First, COA and SCOA adjust the parameters of LSTM, LSSVM, and XGBoost. Then, LSTM captures temporal patterns in the time series data, which include water quality parameters. Finally, the LSSVM and XGBoost models use the captured patterns to make final predictions. Our results demonstrate that the SCOA-LSTM-XGBoost model achieves a Willmott’s index (WI) of 0.96, an explained variance score (EVS) of 0.95, and a t-statistic (TS) of 0.021. The results of our paper show that SCOA-LSTM-XGBoost is a reliable model for predicting WQI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103478"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi-Level Multi-Objective optimization of harmonic filters for PV penetration and harmonics mitigation in power distribution using Autism-Based Optimizer","authors":"Asmaa Elhussiny ,&nbsp;Shady H.E. Abdel Aleem ,&nbsp;E.E. El-Kholy ,&nbsp;Ahmed F. Zobaa ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Zobaa","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising usage of power electronic converters linked to renewable energy sources has become a major source of harmonics in power systems. Passive harmonic filters are an excellent solution for addressing this issue. However, these traditional filters have a problem linked to resonance frequency, which needs damping. This paper introduces a Harmonic Blocking Filter (HBF) that consists of a shunt-connected Damped Double-Tuned Passive Filter (DDTF) and a series component. Six different DDTF schemes are investigated: four single-resistor DDTFs (SR-DDTF) and two double-resistor DDTFs (DR-DDTF). This study intends to perform harmonic mitigation and increase PV penetration levels by obtaining parameters for each HBF system using the Autism-Based Optimizer (ABO). The Harmonic Pollution Factor (HPF) is a power quality indicator used to assess and reduce the system’s harmonic content. The findings show that the proposed HBF filter efficiently increases PV penetration in the system while lowering harmonic levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 8","pages":"Article 103479"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}