Anastasia Goida, Tatiana Krasnova, Rezeda Shamagsumova, Vladimir Evtugyn, Anatoly Saveliev, Anna Porfireva
{"title":"Impedimetric DNA Sensor Based on a Composite of Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide and Polyproflavine Electropolymerized from Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent for Anthracycline Medications Determination.","authors":"Anastasia Goida, Tatiana Krasnova, Rezeda Shamagsumova, Vladimir Evtugyn, Anatoly Saveliev, Anna Porfireva","doi":"10.3390/bios15060385","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel nanocomposite based on electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) and electropolymerized polyproflavine (PPFL) was obtained within a \"one-pot\" synthesis from natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES). NADES consisted of citric acid, glucose, and water in a molar ratio of 1:1:6. The synthesis was carried out in potentiostatic mode by consequent potential application in cathodic and anodic areas. The composite was applied to develop the impedimetric DNA sensor for anthracycline determination. The sensor has provided linear range from 10 nM to 0.1 mM for doxorubicin, from 1 pM to 10 nM for epirubicin, and from 10 pM to 10 nM for idarubicin, with the limit of detection 3 nM, 1 pM, and 5 pM, respectively. The concentrations of doxorubicin below 10 nM did not have any other influence on epirubicin and idarubicin determination despite their molecular structure similarity. The sensor developed was used for the determination of anticancer medications, such as doxorubicin, epirubicin, and idarubicin, in their standard solutions, pharmaceuticals, artificial, and human urine samples. It is worth noting that the additions of mannitol and lactose, which are the stabilizers of the pharmaceuticals, exhibited an interfering effect on the sensor response.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping Sun, Chunlei Gao, Zhe Chen, Siyu Wang, Gang Li, Mingming Luan, Yaoguang Wang
{"title":"A Smart Nanoprobe for Visually Investigating the Activation Effect of Cyclical DOX Release on the p53 Pathway and Pathway-Related Molecules.","authors":"Ping Sun, Chunlei Gao, Zhe Chen, Siyu Wang, Gang Li, Mingming Luan, Yaoguang Wang","doi":"10.3390/bios15060383","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing appropriate methods for real-time in situ investigation of how drugs influence signaling pathways and related biomolecules holds enormous potential for helping to provide an understanding of how anticancer drugs exert their effects. Herein, we report a smart nanoprobe, PDA-MB (DOX)-Pep, constructed on the basis of polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) modified with a dense shell of molecular beacon (MB) with embedded doxorubicin (DOX) and peptide, which can respond specifically to miRNA-34a and Caspase-3 targets. Intracellular experiments demonstrated that, in comparison to the control nanoprobe PDA-MB-Pep, the smart nanoprobe could selectively respond to miRNA-34a, facilitating the release of the embedded DOX. The released DOX subsequently activated the p53 pathway, which further upregulated miRNA-34a expression, leading to additional DOX release. This initiated a cyclical process involving the probe's response to miRNA-34a, DOX release, p53 activation, and miRNA-34a upregulation, ultimately enhancing cell apoptosis and increasing Caspase-3 expression. The designed smart nanoprobe offers a visual approach to explore how anticancer drugs influence signaling pathways and related molecules at the cellular level.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lathan Lucas, Phoebe S Tsoi, Ananya Nair, Allan Chris M Ferreon, Josephine C Ferreon
{"title":"Sensing Protein Structural Transitions with Microfluidic Modulation Infrared Spectroscopy.","authors":"Lathan Lucas, Phoebe S Tsoi, Ananya Nair, Allan Chris M Ferreon, Josephine C Ferreon","doi":"10.3390/bios15060382","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microfluidic modulation spectroscopy-infrared (MMS) offers a label-free, high-sensitivity approach for quantifying changes in protein secondary structures under native solution conditions. MMS subtracts the solvent backgrounds from sample signals by alternately flowing proteins and matched buffers through a microfluidic chamber, yielding clear amide I spectra from microliter volumes. In this study, we validated MMS on canonical globular proteins, bovine serum albumin, mCherry, and lysozyme, demonstrating accurate detection and resolution of α-helix, β-sheet, and mixed-fold structures. Applying MMS to the intrinsically disordered protein Tau, we detected environment-driven shifts in transient conformers: both the acidic (pH 2.5) and alkaline (pH 10) conditions increased the turn/unordered structures and decreased the α-helix content relative to the neutral pH, highlighting the charge-mediated destabilization of the labile motifs. Hyperphosphorylation of Tau yielded a modest decrease in the α-helical fraction and an increase in the turn/unordered structures. Comparison of monomeric and aggregated hyperphosphorylated Tau revealed a dramatic gain in β-sheet and a loss in turn/unordered structures upon amyloid fibril formation, confirming MMS's ability to distinguish disordered monomers from amyloids. These findings establish MMS as a robust platform for detecting protein secondary structures and monitoring aggregation pathways in both folded and disordered systems. The sensitive detection of structural transitions offers opportunities for probing misfolding mechanisms and advancing our understanding of aggregation-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12190510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher Animashaun, Abdellatif Ait Lahcen, Gymama Slaughter
{"title":"Gold Nanoparticle-Enhanced Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Electrode for Non-Enzymatic Lactate Sensing.","authors":"Christopher Animashaun, Abdellatif Ait Lahcen, Gymama Slaughter","doi":"10.3390/bios15060384","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We are reporting the development of a high-performance, non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensor for selective lactate detection, integrating laser-induced graphene (LIG), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) synthesized from poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). The LIG electrode offers a highly porous, conductive scaffold, while electrodeposited AuNPs enhance catalytic activity and signal amplification. The PEDOT-based MIP layer, electropolymerized via cyclic voltammetry, imparts molecular specificity by creating lactate-specific binding sites. Cyclic voltammetry confirmed successful molecular imprinting and enhanced interfacial electron transfer. The resulting LIG/AuNPs/MIP biosensor demonstrated a wide linear detection range from 0.1 µM to 2500 µM, with a sensitivity of 22.42 µA/log(µM) and a low limit of detection (0.035 µM). The sensor showed excellent selectivity against common electroactive interferents such as glucose and uric acid, long-term stability, and accurate recovery in artificial saliva (>95.7%), indicating strong potential for practical application. This enzyme-free platform offers a robust and scalable strategy for continuous lactate monitoring, particularly suited for wearable devices in sports performance monitoring and critical care diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suhyeon Cha, Min Yu Choi, Min Jung Kim, Sang Baek Sim, Izzati Haizan, Jin-Ha Choi
{"title":"Electrochemical Microneedles for Real-Time Monitoring in Interstitial Fluid: Emerging Technologies and Future Directions.","authors":"Suhyeon Cha, Min Yu Choi, Min Jung Kim, Sang Baek Sim, Izzati Haizan, Jin-Ha Choi","doi":"10.3390/bios15060380","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional blood-based detection methods for biomarkers and analytes face significant limitations, including complex processing, variability in blood components, and the inability to provide continuous monitoring. These challenges hinder the early diagnosis and effective management of various health conditions. Electrochemical microneedles (MNs) have emerged as a minimally invasive and highly efficient platform to overcome these barriers, enabling continuous molecular monitoring by directly accessing the interstitial fluid. Electrochemical MNs offer several advantages, including reduced patient discomfort, real-time data acquisition, enhanced specificity, and potential applications in wearable, long-term monitoring. In this review, we first analyze material selection and fabrication techniques to optimize sensor performance, stability, and biocompatibility. We then examine diverse detection strategies utilized in electrochemical MNs, including enzyme-based, aptamer-based, and antibody-based sensing mechanisms, each offering unique benefits in sensitivity and selectivity. Finally, we highlight the integration of electrochemical MN technology with multi-target detection, AI-driven analytics, and theragnostic capabilities. This convergence offers strong potential for smart healthcare and precision medicine. Through these technological innovations, electrochemical MNs are expected to play an important role in advancing continuous, noninvasive health monitoring and personalized medical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12190300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research Progress on Multiplexed Pathogen Detection Using Optical Biosensors.","authors":"Yue Wu, Xing Xu, Yinchu Zhu, Jiaxin Wan, Xingbo Wang, Xin Zhou, Xiangjun Li, Weidong Zhou","doi":"10.3390/bios15060378","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid and precise identification of multiple pathogens is critical for ensuring food safety, controlling epidemics, diagnosing diseases, and monitoring the environment. However, traditional detection methods are hindered by complex workflows, the need for skilled operators, and reliance on sophisticated equipment, making them unsuitable for rapid, on-site testing. Optical biosensors, known for their rapid analysis, portability, high sensitivity, and multiplexing capabilities, offer a promising solution for simultaneous multi-pathogenic identification. This paper explores recent advancements in the utilization of optical biosensors for multiple pathogenic detection. First, it provides an overview of key sensing principles, focusing on colorimetric, fluorescence-based, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) techniques, as well as their applications in pathogenic detection. Then, the research progress and practical applications of optical biosensors for multiplex pathogenic detection are discussed in detail from three perspectives: microfluidic devices, nucleic acid amplification technology (NAAT), and nanomaterials. Finally, the challenges presented by optical biosensing technologies in multi-pathogen detection are discussed, along with future prospects and potential innovations in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Smartphones Equipped with Light Detection and Ranging Technology for Circumferential and Volumetric Measurements in Lower Extremity Lymphedema.","authors":"Masato Tsuchiya, Kanako Abe, Satoshi Kubo, Ryuichi Azuma","doi":"10.3390/bios15060381","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lower extremity lymphedema (LEL) requires precise limb measurements for treatment evaluation and compression garment design. Tape measurement (TM) is the standard method but is time-consuming. Smartphones with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology may offer fast and efficient alternatives for three-dimensional imaging and measurement. This study evaluated the accuracy, reliability, and time efficiency of LiDAR measurements compared with those of TM in patients with LEL. A healthy volunteer and 55 patients were included. Circumferences of the foot, ankle, calf, knee, and thigh and the volume were measured using TM and smartphones with LiDAR. The water displacement method was used to validate volume measurements. The measurement time, reliability, correlation, agreement, and systematic differences between the methods were assessed. LiDAR showed excellent reliability in the healthy volunteer (inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.960-0.988) and significantly reduced the measurement time compared with TM (64.0 ± 15.1 vs. 115.3 ± 30.6 s). In patients with LEL, strong correlations and agreements were observed for ankle, calf, and knee measurements. However, foot and thigh measurements showed lower correlations and larger discrepancies. LiDAR has excellent accuracy and reliability in measuring the circumference and volume of the lower leg and has the potential to reduce the time required to acquire data. Limitations include lower accuracy for foot and thigh measurements and the current workflow complexity, which requires the use of multiple software tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12190992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Use of CRISPR-Cas Systems for Viral Detection: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review.","authors":"Othmane Jeddoub, Nadia Touil, Omar Nyabi, Elmostafa El Fahime, Khalid Ennibi, Jean-Luc Gala, Abdelaziz Benjouad, Lamiae Belayachi","doi":"10.3390/bios15060379","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Viral infections impose a significant burden on global public health and the economy. This study examines the current state of CRISPR-Cas system research, focusing on their applications in viral detection and their evolution over recent years. A bibliometric analysis and systematic review were conducted using articles published between 2019 and 2024, retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases. Out of 2713 identified articles, 194 were included in the analysis. The findings reveal substantial growth in scientific output related to CRISPR-Cas systems, with the United States leading in research and development in this field. The rapid increase in CRISPR-Cas research during this period underscores its immense potential to transform viral diagnostics. With advantages such as speed, precision, and suitability for deployment in resource-limited settings, CRISPR-Cas systems outperform many traditional diagnostic methods. The concerted efforts of scientists worldwide further highlight the promising future of this technology. CRISPR-Cas systems are emerging as a powerful alternative, offering the possibility of expedited and accessible point-of-care testing and paving the way for more equitable and effective diagnostics on a global scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12190998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simple Nanochannel-Modified Electrode for Sensitive Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase Through Electrochemiluminescence Signal Quenching by Enzymatic Reaction.","authors":"Tianjun Ma, Xuan Luo, Fengna Xi, Nuo Yang","doi":"10.3390/bios15060377","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Development of sensitive and convenient alkaline phosphatase (ALP) detection methods is of great significance for food analysis, biomedical applications, and clinical tests. In this work, a sensitive detection method for ALP was established based on nanochannel-modified electrodes, where the electrochemical luminescence (ECL) signal was quenched by the enzymatic reaction product. Vertically ordered mesoporous silica film (VMSF) was rapidly grown on low-cost ITO via the electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method. The resulting modified electrode (VMSF/ITO) exhibited a uniform and ordered nanochannel structure with nanochannel diameter of 2-3 nm and charge-selective permeability, enabling the enrichment of cationic ECL emitter tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup>). Compared to the ITO electrode, VMSF/ITO increased the ECL signal by 60 times. In the presence of ALP, it catalyzes the hydrolysis of its substrate, disodium phenyl phosphate hydrate (DPP), generating phenol (Phe), which quenched the ECL signal of Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2</sup><sup>+</sup> and the co-reactant N,N-Dipropyl-1-propanamine (TPA). Based on this principle, ECL detection of ALP can be achieved. The linear detection range for ALP was 0.01 U/L to 30 U/L, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.008 U/L. The sensor exhibited high selectivity. Combined with the anti-contamination and anti-interference capabilities of VMSF, the constructed sensor enabled the detection of ALP levels in milk samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12190674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fluorescent-Electrochemical-Colorimetric Triple-Model Immunoassays with Multifunctional Metal-Organic Frameworks for Signal Amplification.","authors":"Ning Xia, Chuye Zheng, Gang Liu","doi":"10.3390/bios15060376","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios15060376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multimode immunoassays based on multiple response mechanisms have received great attention due to their capacity to effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of biosensing platforms. However, few strategies have been reported for triple-mode immunoassays due to the shortage of multifunctional sensing materials and the incompatibility of signal transduction methods in different detection modes. In this work, a fluorescent-electrochemical-colorimetric triple-mode immunoassay platform was proposed with Cu-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as the signal labels. The captured Cu-MOFs were successfully decomposed under an acidic condition, leading to the release of numerous Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions and 2-aminobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (NH<sub>2</sub>-BDC) ligands. The released NH<sub>2</sub>-BDC were determined by fluorescence titration. Meanwhile, the released Cu<sup>2+</sup> were readily quantified by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and simply detected through the catalytic oxidation of chromogenic substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Taking alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) as a model analyte, the designed triple-mode immunoassays showed good performances with the linear range of 10-200 pg/mL, 10-200 pg/mL, and 1-100 pg/mL for the fluorescent, electrochemical, and colorimetric modes, respectively. The proposed triple-mode biosensing platforms show great potential for the applications in disease diagnosis, since they can be easily extended to other bioassays by changing the targets and recognition elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12190509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}