Biosensors-Basel最新文献

{"title":"PathoSafe: Sub-1 KB Out-of-Distribution Rejection and Cluster-Aware Certification for Point-of-Care Pathogen Biosensing.","authors":"Gaoming He, Mengdi Hou, Jianbo Huang, Longquan Chen, Qihuang Gao, Bitie Lan","doi":"10.3390/bios16090518","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A point-of-care pathogen-microscopy readout must signal when a sample falls outside what its detector was trained on. PathoSafe is an 816-byte int8-projection low-rank Mahalanobis out-of-distribution (OOD) head reading a frozen detector's penultimate feature. It reaches a cross-site area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.980 and multi-source AUROC of 0.964 (parasitic-egg-dominated), within 0.01 of a 16,896-byte full-precision dense baseline, and adds a measured 30.76 µs and 816 bytes of read-only memory (ROM) constants on an STM32H743 development board, so abstention adds only a small measured cost on-chip. The advantage is the trunk feature rather than the integer form. Certification is the harder problem and carries our central result: slide clustering silently breaks the standard independent-sample certificate, since distribution-free risk control assumes exchangeable samples that patch-clustered medical data do not supply. On a degraded-input risk certificate, the naive cell-level version holds on only 20% of leakage-free re-splits, whereas the correct slide-level one is valid at 0.266 with its width set by the slide count rather than by any bound we evaluate. The deployed threshold inherits this less severely. A Hoeffding-Bentkus budget gives an illustrative count of 38 independent slides under the stated assumptions (35 when five seeds are used), which is about 1.3× what this benchmark provides. We release that leakage-free slide-disjoint benchmark: an in-distribution malaria task with cross-site (BBBC041) and multi-source (SIPaKMeD, parasitic egg, white blood cells) regimes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of Acoustic Waves in Micro-Droplet Technologies.","authors":"Jianing Liu, Lijun Chen, Zheng Peng, Zachary B Cluff, Pam Van Ry, Joseph Rich, Ruoyu Zhong","doi":"10.3390/bios16090517","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acoustofluidics has emerged as a powerful technique for the precise generation, sorting, manipulation, and stimulation of cell-laden droplets within emerging droplet microfluidic studies. Droplet acoustofluidics leverages various mechanisms, including acoustic radiation forces and acoustic streaming, to actively manipulate droplets non-invasively. The remarkable speed, precision, and biocompatibility of acoustic waves make it an ideal tool for droplet-based single-cell-level biomedical research. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in droplet acoustofluidics technologies, highlighting their mechanisms, advantages, applications, and challenges. We have compiled the fundamental principles of acoustic waves and summarized major applications, including single-cell droplet generation, sorting, and active in-droplet manipulation. Despite the advances that current droplet acoustofluidics have achieved, we point out the challenges and give out our thoughts on future improvement directions. These insights will have important implications for advancing interdisciplinary research in cell mechanobiology, drug screening, cell sorting, and mechanophenotyping.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Microfluidic Gradient Platform for High-Throughput Evaluation of Blue-Light-Induced Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells.","authors":"Hon-Man-Herman Tam, Sheng-Yen Wang, Yung-Shin Sun, Kai-Yin Lo","doi":"10.3390/bios16090516","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of cells located between retinal photoreceptors and the choroid, playing a critical role in maintaining visual function by protecting the retina and supporting photoreceptor metabolism. Damage to RPE cells can lead to visual disorders, including macular degeneration. Chronic exposure to high-energy blue light has been shown to elevate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RPE cells, causing oxidative stress and cellular damage. In this study, a microfluidic platform incorporating a gradient-generating structure was developed to establish controllable and stable gradients of blue light intensity and chemical concentrations. This platform was used to investigate the effects of varying blue light intensities and antioxidant concentrations on oxidative stress in human RPE cells ARPE-19. Cells cultured within the microfluidic channels were exposed to different blue light intensities in combination with chemical treatments. Results demonstrated that ROS production increased with higher blue light intensity, whereas higher antioxidant concentrations effectively reduced ROS accumulation, supporting the ability of these antioxidants to attenuate blue-light-induced intracellular oxidative stress. The present microfluidic device enables simultaneous evaluation of multiple conditions within a single experiment, reducing reagent consumption and enhancing experimental efficiency. This in vitro microfluidic platform integrates chemical and light gradients to assess retinal oxidative damage and antioxidant effects, offering significant potential for ophthalmic drug screening and investigations of retinal protective mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining Asymmetric PCR with PAM-Independent Cas12a Analysis of Single-Stranded Amplicons for On-Site Nucleic Acid Testing.","authors":"Konstantin G Ptitsyn, Olga S Timoshenko, Svetlana A Khmeleva, Leonid K Kurbatov, Adelina A Stepanova, Evgenia M Nikiforova, Elena V Suprun, Sergey P Radko, Andrey V Lisitsa","doi":"10.3390/bios16090512","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A biosensing system relying on asymmetric PCR (aPCR) and PAM-independent recognition of single-stranded DNA amplicons by a Cas12a/gRNA complex is adapted for on-site nucleic acid testing (NAT). aPCR was performed on a low-cost, portable, smartphone-controlled thermocycler operating in endpoint mode. Subsequently, a selective visual readout of the aPCR outcome was achieved using a Cas12a-based assay. A mechanism to prevent false positives was incorporated into the aPCR/Cas12a biosensing system by introducing uracil into the amplicons produced during amplification. <i>Pectobacterium</i> species-harmful bacterial plant pathogens-and genus-specific primers Y1 and Y2 against <i>Pectobacterium</i> spp. were utilized as a convenient model. The absence of a PAM requirement allowed for fine-tuning the selectivity of the Cas12a assay against a strain of a particular <i>Pectobacterium</i> species, <i>P. polaris</i>, by properly positioning the gRNA spacer on the ssDNA. <i>P. polaris</i> was detected down to 10 copies of the bacterial genome per reaction, with an overall testing time of about 2 h and either instrumental or visual readouts. Similar selectivity and sensitivity toward a <i>P. polaris</i> strain were observed with the aPCR/Cas12a biosensing system for potato samples artificially contaminated with <i>Pectobacterium</i> species. The overall findings indicate aPCR/Cas12a-based biosensing as a technique suitable for on-site NAT.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis: From Traditional Machine Learning to Large Language Models.","authors":"Xiayao Guo, Yanqi Sun, Yang Chen, Hongde Liu, Xiaohui Liu, Xuemei Wang","doi":"10.3390/bios16090514","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia worldwide, characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory impairment, and functional deterioration. With the rapid growth of the aging population, AD has become a major global health challenge, imposing substantial burdens on patients, families, and healthcare systems. Despite extensive research, early and accurate diagnosis of AD remains challenging due to disease heterogeneity, overlapping clinical manifestations, and the lack of easily accessible, highly sensitive, and specific diagnostic markers. Recent advances in biomedical technologies, including neuroimaging, multi-omics profiling, electronic health records, and digital health tools, have generated large-scale and heterogeneous datasets, providing new opportunities for improving AD diagnosis. However, extracting clinically meaningful information from these complex data sources remains difficult using conventional statistical approaches. Artificial intelligence (AI) has progressively transformed AD diagnosis by evolving from traditional machine learning (ML) approaches based on handcrafted feature engineering to deep learning (DL) models capable of automated representation learning and multimodal information integration. More recently, large language models (LLMs) have further expanded the scope of AI-driven AD diagnosis by enabling contextual understanding of unstructured clinical information, knowledge-guided reasoning, and integration of multimodal biomedical evidence. This transition reflects a shift from feature-based prediction toward more flexible and intelligent diagnostic frameworks. This review synthesizes recent advances in AI-based AD diagnosis, tracing the evolution from traditional ML to DL and LLMs. Particular emphasis is placed on the emerging role of LLMs in extracting disease-related information from speech and clinical narratives, integrating heterogeneous biomedical data sources, and enabling multimodal frameworks for AD assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wearable-Derived Evening Motion Entropy and Morning Light Exposure Are Associated with Depressive Symptoms in University Students.","authors":"Guanxiang Ding, Qizhi Zhao, Linxin Zou, Yuezhou Zhang, Xianghong Zhao, Hao Li, Zhengxiang Yu","doi":"10.3390/bios16090513","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depressive symptoms are prevalent in university students, yet scalable screening is constrained by self-report and intermittent assessment. Wearable monitoring of motion and light offers an objective alternative, though their combined screening characterization is limited. Undergraduate volunteers wore a self-designed wristband for seven days, recording triaxial acceleration and ambient light at 1 min resolution. Depressive symptoms were assessed via nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and grouped as Dep (≥5) or HC (<5). Motion and light rhythm features were extracted from 24 h profiles and predefined windows; logistic regression (LR) and support vector machine (SVM) compared motion-only, light-only, and joint sets, interpreted with Shapley additive explanations (SHAP). After preprocessing, 152 participants provided valid activity data (HC = 132, Dep = 20) and 218 valid light data (HC = 186, Dep = 32). The Dep group showed delayed activity timing, lower daily light exposure, and greater evening motion irregularity, with differences most prominent during 18:00-22:00 for motion entropy and variance. The joint motion-light SVM performed best (accuracy 85.2%, recall 60.0%, F1 Score 46.2%, Area Under Curve 0.892). SHAP highlighted evening motion entropy and variance, morning light exposure, and rhythm-related wavelet features. These findings indicate that wearable motion and light rhythms are associated with depressive symptoms; evening motion entropy and morning light exposure may aid campus risk screening as interpretable markers, although the cross-sectional design and PHQ-9-based grouping preclude diagnostic or causal conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress of Terahertz Technology in Microbiology.","authors":"Ding Cao, Ruibing Dong, Guangyou Fang, Xuequan Chen","doi":"10.3390/bios16090515","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature, and microbial activities are closely intertwined with the entire life cycle system and human life. Developing novel technologies for the detection, characterization and manipulation of microorganisms promotes their applications in clinical, environmental and industrial areas. Over the last two decades, terahertz (THz) technology has emerged as a new optical tool for microbiology. The great potential originates from the unique advantages of THz waves including the high sensitivity to water and inter-/intra-molecular motions, the non-invasive and label-free detecting scheme, and their low photon energy. THz waves have been utilized as a stimulus to alter microbial functions or as a sensing approach for quantitative measurement and qualitative differentiation. This review specifically focuses on recent research progress of THz technology applied in the field of microbiology, including two major parts of THz biological effects and the microbial detection applications. At the end of this paper, we summarize the research progress and discuss the challenges currently faced by THz technology in microbiology, along with potential solutions. We also provide a perspective on future development directions. This review aims to build a bridge between THz photonics and microbiology, promoting both fundamental research and application development in this interdisciplinary field.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchical Au-Pt Nanostructured Film-Enabled Electrochemical Sensor for Highly-Sensitive Determination of Salvianolic Acid B.","authors":"Yujiao Hou, Fang Lin, Xiang Gao, Jianhua Yang, Longfei Sun, Weijun Kong","doi":"10.3390/bios16090508","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salvianolic acid B is an important bioactive biomarker in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Current methods for its quantitation are time- and cost-consuming; a rapid and reliable method is urgently needed. In this work, we have developed a simple and sensitive electrochemical (EC) sensor on screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) that was modified with three-dimensional hierarchical Au-Pt nanostructured film. This highly conductive structure facilitates direct electron transfer when the sample solution containing salvianolic acid B is dropped, thereby amplifying its generated current response. Under optimized conditions, the fabricated label-free EC sensor exhibited a wide linear range (4-500 μg/mL) with excellent conductivity and a detection limit as low as 3.76 μg/mL for salvianolic acid B, as well as high reproducibility and outstanding stability. Furthermore, the practical applicability was validated by satisfactory spiked recovery rates (97.5-101.4%) in complex <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> matrices. These findings indicated that the Au-Pt nanostructure-modified SPCE could achieve reliable and stable quantitation of salvianolic acid B. The developed EC sensor provided an economical, efficient, user-friendly, and reliable on-site strategy for accurate determination of salvianolic acid B and other components in more TCMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Breast Cancer Detection: A Bibliometric Review and Landscape of Global Trends.","authors":"Alitzel B García-Hernández, Gethzemani M Estrada-Villegas, Ana L Gómez-Gómez, Ma de la Paz Salgado-Cruz, Dana M Cortez Landa","doi":"10.3390/bios16090511","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as a powerful analytical platform for breast cancer (BC) detection, offering ultrasensitive, multiplexed, and label-free molecular recognition. However, despite the rapid expansion of the field, no prior study has combined quantitative bibliometric mapping with a cluster-validated technical and translational synthesis, limiting a comprehensive understanding of the field's structure, evolution and clinical projection. In this review, a PRISMA-guided bibliometric analysis was conducted; 199 articles on SERS-based BC detection (2016-2025) were retrieved from SCOPUS, Web of Science and Google Scholar, mapping publication trends, keyword co-occurrence networks (VOSviewer), and Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) with hierarchical clustering on principal components. The results reveal sustained growth in scientific output, led by Asia, North America, and Europe. The 20 most-cited articles (271 citations maximum) showed a shift from substrate optimization toward AI-assisted liquid biopsy platforms. MCA identified five clusters, corroborated by the co-occurrence network: (1) nanostructured platforms for diagnosis; (2) biofunctionalization strategies; (3) liquid biopsy approaches targeting exosomes, circulating tumor cells, and alternative biofluids; (4) diagnostic interpretation based on chemometrics, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI); and (5) translational achievements in preclinical and clinical studies. Each cluster was anchored by a technical sub-analysis of its landmark studies, an integration largely absent from prior SERS reviews. This framework clarifies the field's trajectory and positions SERS as a key technology for non-invasive, personalized diagnostics in precision oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Pancreas and Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery: From Early Concepts to AI-Driven Diabetes Automation.","authors":"Reem Emad Al-Dhaleai, Mustafa Tariq Khan, Zaid Chilmeran, Abdulrahman Husain AlSadeq, Alexandra E Butler","doi":"10.3390/bios16090507","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bios16090507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Closed-loop insulin delivery, or the artificial pancreas, has evolved from an ambitious engineering concept into one of the most consequential advances in diabetes technology. By integrating continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pumps, and control algorithms into a single feedback system, these platforms aim to shift diabetes care from repeated manual correction toward more anticipatory and adaptive glucose regulation. The field has progressed from early proof-of-concept systems to contemporary hybrid closed-loop platforms, reflecting a deeper shift in diabetes management itself: from treating glucose excursions after they occur to trying to blunt them in real time. Its clinical relevance is greatest in type 1 diabetes, where the burden of self-management is high and the consequences of glycemic instability are immediate. This review introduces the major technologies and evidence shaping the field, with emphasis on the control strategies that drive system behavior, and asks which currently available closed-loop systems offer the best balance of glycemic benefit, usability, and translational readiness for routine diabetes care. Across randomized trials and real-world studies, automated insulin delivery has consistently improved time in range, reduced hypoglycemia, and enhanced patient experience, particularly in pediatric populations. At the same time, important limitations remain: sensor lag, the physiologic constraints of subcutaneous insulin, device complexity, cost, and unequal access limit full autonomy and widespread adoption. Looking ahead, the next phase of progress will likely depend on more adaptive artificial intelligence, improved meal detection, multimodal wearable data, and multi-hormone systems that move the field closer to truly physiologic glucose control.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}