Biosensors-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Technological Advances and Medical Applications of Implantable Electronic Devices: From the Heart, Brain, and Skin to Gastrointestinal Organs.","authors":"Jonghyun Lee, Sung Yong Han, Young Woo Kwon","doi":"10.3390/bios15080543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Implantable electronic devices are driving innovation in modern medical technology and have significantly improved patients' quality of life. This review comprehensively analyzes the latest technological trends in implantable electronic devices used in major organs, including the heart, brain, and skin. Additionally, it explores the potential for application in the gastrointestinal system, particularly in the field of biliary stents, in which development has been limited. In the cardiac field, wireless pacemakers, subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, and cardiac resynchronization therapy devices have been commercialized, significantly improving survival rates and quality of life of patients with cardiovascular diseases. In the field of brain-neural interfaces, biocompatible flexible electrodes and closed-loop deep brain stimulation have improved treatments of neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. Skin-implantable devices have revolutionized glucose management in patients with diabetes by integrating continuous glucose monitoring and automated insulin delivery systems. Future development of implantable electronic devices incorporating pressure or pH sensors into biliary stents in the gastrointestinal system may significantly improve the prognosis of patients with bile duct cancer. This review systematically organizes the technological advances and clinical outcomes in each field and provides a comprehensive understanding of implantable electronic devices by suggesting future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Galactose-Functionalized Pyrrolopyrrole <i>Aza</i>-BODIPY for Highly Efficient Detection of Eight Aliphatic and Aromatic Biogenic Amines: Monitoring Food Freshness and Bioimaging.","authors":"Yujing Gan, Bingli Lu, Jintian Zhong, Xueguagn Ran, Derong Cao, Lingyun Wang","doi":"10.3390/bios15080542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The detection of aliphatic and aromatic biogenic amines (BAs) is important in food spoilage, environmental monitoring, and disease diagnosis and treatment. Existing fluorescent probes predominantly detect aliphatic BAs with single signal variation and low sensitivity, impairing the adaptability of discriminative sensing platforms. Herein, we present a visual chemosensor (galactose-functionalized pyrrolopyrrole <i>aza</i>-BODIPY, <b>PPAB-Gal</b>) that simultaneously detects eight aliphatic and aromatic BAs in a real-time and intuitive way based on their unique electronic and structural features. Our findings reveal that the dual colorimetric and ratiometric emission changes are rapidly produced in presence of eight BAs through a noncovalent interaction (π-π stacking and hydrogen bond)-assisted chromophore reaction. Specifically, other lone-pair electrons containing compounds, such as secondary amines, tertiary amines, NH₃, and thiol, fail to exhibit these changes. As a result, superior sensing performances with distinctly dual signals (Δλ_ab = 130 nm, Δλ_em = 150 nm), a low LOD (~25 nM), and fast response time (<2 min) were obtained. Based on these advantages, a qualitative and smartphone-assisted sensing platform with a <b>PPAB-Gal</b>-loaded TLC plate is developed for visual detection of putrescine and cadaverine vapor. More importantly, we construct a connection between a standard quantitative index for the TVBN value and fluorescence signals to quantitatively determine the freshness of tuna and shrimp, and the method is facile and convenient for real-time and on-site detection in practical application. Furthermore, since the overexpressed spermine is an important biomarker of cancer diagnosis and treatment, <b>PPAB-Gal</b> NPs can be used to ratiometrically image spermine in living cells. This work provides a promising sensing method for BAs with a novel fluorescent material in food safety fields and biomedical assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential of Nanopore Technologies in Peptide and Protein Sensing for Biomarker Detection.","authors":"Iuliana Șoldănescu, Andrei Lobiuc, Olga Adriana Caliman-Sturdza, Mihai Covasa, Serghei Mangul, Mihai Dimian","doi":"10.3390/bios15080540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing demand for high-throughput, real-time, and single-molecule protein analysis in precision medicine has propelled the development of novel sensing technologies. Among these, nanopore-based methods have garnered significant attention for their unique capabilities, including label-free detection, ultra-sensitivity, and the potential for miniaturization and portability. Originally designed for nucleic acid sequencing, nanopore technology is now being adapted for peptide and protein analysis, offering promising applications in biomarker discovery and disease diagnostics. This review examines the latest advances in biological, solid-state, and hybrid nanopores for protein sensing, focusing on their ability to detect amino acid sequences, structural variants, post-translational modifications, and dynamic protein-protein or protein-drug interactions. We critically compare these systems to conventional proteomic techniques, such as mass spectrometry and immunoassays, discussing advantages and persistent technical challenges, including translocation control and signal deconvolution. Particular emphasis is placed on recent advances in protein sequencing using biological and solid-state nanopores and the integration of machine learning and signal-processing algorithms that enhance the resolution and accuracy of protein identification. Nanopore protein sensing represents a disruptive innovation in biosensing, with the potential to revolutionize clinical diagnostics, therapeutic monitoring, and personalized healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Novel Aptamer-Antibody Sandwich Chemiluminescent Biosensor and Its Application in the Detection of Aflatoxin B₁.","authors":"Zhike Zhao, Jianghao Feng, Caizhang Wu","doi":"10.3390/bios15080538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In addressing the challenges posed by high costs, low accuracy, and cumbersome operations in mycotoxin detection, a novel aptamer-antibody sandwich chemiluminescent biosensor for detecting aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) was developed. The indirect competition between AFB₁, aflatoxin B₁-ovomucoid complete antigen (AFB₁-OVA), and rabbit anti-ovomucoid (OVA) antibody results in the formation of a sandwich complex. This sandwich assay is linked to a horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibody, which catalyzes luminol chemiluminescence for the indirect detection of AFB₁. The biosensor was designed to operate with high precision, low cost, and a low detection limit for AFB₁, which is contingent upon experimental conditions such as pH, reagent concentration, temperature, and incubation time. The optimization of pH, aptamer concentration, competitive incubation time, competitive incubation temperature, and HRP-labeled antibody concentration was instrumental in achieving these objectives. Experimental findings demonstrated that the sensor's detection limit was 0.067 ng/mL, exhibiting excellent linearity (R² = 0.99679) within the concentration range of 0.25-10 ng/mL. The recovery rate of spiked samples ranged from 94.4% to 108.05%. This sensor boasts a low detection limit, straightforward operation, and minimal cost, thus offering a novel solution for developing cost-effective, high-precision mycotoxin detection methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Study of a Novel Kagome-Inspired Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Detection of Blood Components and Analytical Targets.","authors":"Ayushman Ramola, Amit Kumar Shakya, Ali Droby, Arik Bergman","doi":"10.3390/bios15080539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This numerical study introduces a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensor utilizing a kagome lattice-inspired hollow core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for the highly sensitive detection of various blood biomarkers and analytical components. The sensor is designed to detect key blood biomarkers such as water, glucose, plasma, and hemoglobin (Hb), as well as analytical targets including krypton, sylgard, ethanol, polyacrylamide (PA), and bovine serum albumin (BSA), by monitoring shifts in the resonance wavelength (RW). A dual-polarization approach is employed by analyzing both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) modes. The proposed sensor demonstrates exceptional performance, achieving maximum wavelength sensitivities (<i>Sw</i>) of 18,900 nm RIU^-1 for TM pol. and 16,800 nm RIU^-1 for TE pol. Corresponding peak amplitude sensitivities (<i>S_A</i>) of 71,224 RIU^-1 for TM pol. and 58,112 RIU^-1 for TE pol. were also observed. The peak sensor resolution (<i>S_R</i>) for both modes is on the order of 10^-6 RIU, underscoring its high precision. Owing to its enhanced sensitivity, compact design, and robust dual-polarization capability, the proposed biosensor holds strong promise for point-of-care diagnostics and real-time blood component analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bifunctional TiO₂@AgNP Superstructures as a SERS-Sensing Platform for Identifying Flavonoids in Chinese Herbal Medicine.","authors":"Yulin Li, Junbo Li, Haisu Wang, Shaorui Qi, Zhehao Zhang, Yaqiu Wang, Ying Wang, Wei Ji","doi":"10.3390/bios15080536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> is an essential medicinal herb in traditional Chinese medicine, with its pharmacological properties largely attributed to bioactive flavonoids. The types and amounts of these flavonoids act as vital quality markers for both the raw materials and the resultant products. In this work, we introduce a TiO₂@AgNP nanocomposite designed as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor aimed at the preliminary quantification and identification of flavonoids. This is achieved by leveraging the effective molecular adsorption properties of TiO₂ alongside the 'hot spots' generated by AgNPs. By optimizing SERS performance through adjustment of the molar ratio between TiO₂ and Ag, we can quantitatively evaluate four flavonoids-luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, and rutin-with low detection concentrations of 10^-6 M, 10^-5 M, 5 × 10^-6 M, and 10^-6 M, respectively. Additionally, we observe a nearly linear relationship between the SERS signals and the flavonoid concentrations, allowing for dual or multiplex analysis of these compounds. Furthermore, we successfully differentiated <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> samples from six different geographical regions in China based on the detection of significant flavonoid constituents. This serves as a proof of concept for practical applications that can enhance the identification and distinction of traditional Chinese medicine, as well as assess quality and medicinal efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Droplet-Based Microfluidics in Single-Bacterium Analysis: Advancements in Cultivation, Detection, and Application.","authors":"Haiyan Ma, Yuewen Zhang, Ren Shen, Yanwei Jia","doi":"10.3390/bios15080535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microorganisms exhibit remarkable diversity, making their comprehensive characterization essential for understanding ecosystem functioning and safeguarding human health. However, traditional culture-based methods entail inherent limitations for resolving microbial heterogeneity, isolating slow-growing microorganisms, and accessing uncultivated microbes. Conversely, droplet-based microfluidics enables a high-throughput and precise platform for single-bacterium manipulation by physically isolating individual cells within microdroplets. This technology presents a transformative approach to overcoming the constraints of conventional techniques. This review outlines the fundamental principles, recent research advances, and key application domains of droplet-based microfluidics, with a particular focus on innovations in single-bacterium encapsulation, sorting, cultivation, and functional analysis. Applications such as antibiotic susceptibility testing, enzyme-directed evolution screening, microbial interaction studies, and the cultivation of novel bacterial species are discussed, underscoring the technology's broad potential in microbiological research and biotechnology.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzyme-Free Monitoring of Glucose Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Gold Nanoparticles.","authors":"Ana Rita Aires Cardoso, Pedro Miguel Cândido Barquinha, Maria Goreti Ferreira Sales","doi":"10.3390/bios15080537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work describes a non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensor combining for the first time molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for glucose concentration and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPEs), where both MIPs and AuNPs were assembled in situ. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to evaluate the analytical performance of the sensor, which has a linear range between 1.0 µM and 1.0 mM when standard solutions are prepared in buffer. Direct measurement of glucose was performed by chronoamperometry, measuring the oxidation current generated during direct glucose oxidation. The selectivity was tested against ascorbic acid and the results confirmed a selective discrimination of the electrode for glucose. Overall, the work presented here represents a promising tool for tracking glucose levels in serum. The use of glucose MIP on the electrode surface allows the concentration of glucose, resulting in lower detection limits, and the use of AuNPs reduces the potential required for the oxidation of glucose, which increases selectivity. In addition, this possible combination of two analytical measurements following different theoretical concepts can contribute to the accuracy of the analytical measurements. This combination can also be extended to other biomolecules that can be electrochemically oxidised at lower potentials.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Design of a Contact Lens for Diagnosis of Dehydration.","authors":"Kundan Sivashanmugan, Reece E Albert, Joseph R Lakowicz","doi":"10.3390/bios15080532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dehydration is a serious medical problem for elderly patients and young children. The most widely used diagnostics are measurements of sodium ion (Na⁺) and potassium ion (K⁺) in blood serum. Dehydration is difficult to diagnose even by trained health care professionals because the body compensates to maintain the appearance of skin. These measurements required a blood draw because specific tests are generally not available for only Na⁺ and K⁺. The blood samples are analyzed by an electrolyte panel (EP) or a basic metabolic panel (BMP). Most hospitals limit EP and BMP to one per day to control costs. More frequent measurements of Na⁺ and K⁺ are needed, especially during rehydration. We designed a dehydration contact lens that can provide the Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations as needed or for continuous monitoring. The measurements are obtained from the fluorescent lifetime or wavelength-ratiometric intensities of the Na⁺- and K⁺-sensitive fluorophores. The dehydration contact lens does not contain electronic components and are inexpensive to prepare.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 S1-Integrin Binding Using Live-Cell, Label-Free Optical Biosensing.","authors":"Nicolett Kanyo, Krisztina Borbely, Beatrix Peter, Kinga Dora Kovacs, Anna Balogh, Beatrix Magyaródi, Sandor Kurunczi, Inna Szekacs, Robert Horvath","doi":"10.3390/bios15080534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15080534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S1) protein facilitates viral entry through binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), but it also contains an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif that may enable interactions with RGD-binding integrins on ACE2-negative cells. Here, we provide quantitative evidence for this alternative binding pathway using a live-cell, label-free resonant waveguide grating (RWG) biosensor. RWG technology allowed us to monitor real-time adhesion kinetics of live cells to RGD-displaying substrates, as well as cell adhesion to S1-coated surfaces. To characterize the strength of the integrin-S1 interaction, we determined the dissociation constant using two complementary approaches. First, we performed a live-cell competitive binding assay on RGD-displaying surfaces, where varying concentrations of soluble S1 were added to cell suspensions. Second, we recorded the adhesion kinetics of cells on S1-coated surfaces and fitted the data using a kinetic model based on coupled ordinary differential equations. By comparing the results from both methods, we estimate that approximately 33% of the S1 molecules immobilized on the Nb₂O₅ biosensor surface are capable of initiating integrin-mediated adhesion. These findings support the existence of an alternative integrin-dependent entry route for SARS-CoV-2 and highlight the effectiveness of label-free RWG biosensing for quantitatively probing virus-host interactions under physiologically relevant conditions without the need of the isolation of the interaction partners from the cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":48608,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors-Basel","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}