Journal of Eating Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Binge eating disorder recognition and stigma among an adult community sample.","authors":"Marilou Côté, Marie-Pier Roy, Christopher Rodrigue, Catherine Bégin","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01162-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01162-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite being the most prevalent eating disorder, Binge eating disorder (BED) remains largely unrecognized and lacks awareness among the general public, where it is also highly stigmatized. Common stigma surrounding BED includes the belief that individuals with this disorder are responsible for their condition and lack willpower and self-control. Research on BED recognition and stigma among lay adults is scarce. Enhancing public recognition of BED and reducing the stigma associated with it is crucial, as this could significantly improve access to treatment. The aim of the present study was to examine BED recognition and stigma within an adult community sample, and to identify associated respondent characteristics, including sociodemographic and psychosocial factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 894 adults (88.6% women; M_age = 35.20 ± 14.52) completed an online survey. Participants were presented with a vignette depicting a woman with BED and obesity, followed by questionnaires assessing BED recognition, stigma, and other respondent characteristics. Independent samples t-tests were performed to compare participants who recognized BED in the vignette with those who did not, based on sociodemographic characteristics (i.e., gender, age, income, education) and psychosocial variables (i.e., explicit and internalized weight bias, familiarity with BED). A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify the sociodemographic and psychosocial variables that were the most important in explaining the variance in stigma towards BED.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that 33% of participants identified BED as the main problem in the vignette. Those who recognized BED were younger, more educated, more familiar with BED, and exhibited lower levels of stigma towards BED. The most significant factor in explaining stigma towards BED was explicit weight bias, particularly attributing obesity to a lack of willpower and disliking people with obesity. Identifying as a man and older age were also associated with greater stigma towards BED.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of the current study highlight the importance of comprehensive public awareness campaigns to improve recognition of BED and to reduce associated stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142966769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An (un)answered cry for help: a qualitative study exploring the subjective meaning of eating disorders in the context of transgenerational trauma.","authors":"Jennifer Barry, John O'Connor, Harriet Parsons","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01177-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01177-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current research on the transmission of trauma and eating disorders across generations is limited. However, quantitative studies suggest that the influence of parents' and grandparents' eating disorders and their prior exposure to trauma are associated with the development of eating disorders in future generations. Qualitative research exploring personal accounts of the impact of transgenerational trauma on the development of eating disorders has been largely unexplored. The aim of the current qualitative study was to explore the meaning that participants ascribed to their eating disorders in the context of transgenerational trauma across three generations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six adult female participants who had received a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia nervosa completed multiple unstructured interviews, informed by a psychoanalytical methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes were developed from the material that emerged from the interviews: (1) The toll of undigested emotions (2), A need for safety (3), \"It's not just me\" - making connections with the past, and (4) \"Last link\" in the chain?</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The themes were discussed in respect of previous literature, with a particular emphasis on Gerson's concept of the dead third, which emphasises an unconscious compulsion to repeat unprocessed transgenerational traumas. Clinical implications of the research underscores the importance of a holistic approach to the treatment of eating disorders, recognising both individual and familial traumas within the family system. Moreover, the research demonstrates the significant impact that mental health clinicians can have in eating disorder treatment by fostering a supportive, safe and trusting therapeutic relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11716446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID).","authors":"Jason M Nagata, Anita V Chaphekar, Patrick Low, Ruben Vargas, Kyle T Ganson, Anthony Nguyen, Sara M Buckelew, Andrea K Garber, Amanda E Downey","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01171-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01171-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) may result in significant medical sequelae. Compared to youth with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa (AN), youth with ARFID tend to be younger and are more likely to be male. We aim to describe sex differences in clinical characteristics of youth hospitalized for medical complications of ARFID and compare their characteristics with youth hospitalized for anorexia nervosa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective review of electronic medical records for youth with ARFID (N = 36; 13 male and 23 female) and AN (N = 355; 40 male and 315 female), including restricting and binge-eating/purging subtypes, aged 9-25 admitted to the inpatient UCSF Eating Disorders Program (2012-2020).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A greater proportion of youth with ARFID were male compared to youth with AN (36.1% vs. 11.2%). Male youth with ARFID (mean age 15.5 ± 2.8) had lower heart rate nadir (49.2 vs. 57.6 beats per minute, p = .019) and lower total cholesterol (129.8 vs. 159.3 mg/dL, p = .008), but higher hemoglobin (13.9 vs. 13.0 g/dL, p = .015) and prescribed calories at discharge (3323 vs. 2817 kcal, p = .001) compared to females with ARFID. Males with AN, who on average had higher admission BMI than males with ARFID (17.3 vs. 15.5 kg/m², p = .013), required more (3785) kcal on discharge to restore medical stability than males with ARFID (3323 kcal). Compared to all youth with AN, youth with ARFID had lower body mass index (BMI, 15.7 vs. 17.0 kg/m², p = .001) and lower vitamin D (26.5 vs. 33.0 ng/mL, p = .003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ARFID in males is associated with lower heart rate nadirs than in females with ARFID. Clinicians should be aware of unique medical complications in youth with ARFID compared to youth with AN.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11716252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing exposure to weight stigma: development and initial validation of the Weight Stigma Exposure Inventory (WeSEI).","authors":"Kamolthip Ruckwongpatr, I-Hua Chen, Iqbal Pramukti, Po-Ching Huang, Janet D Latner, Kerry S O'Brien, Xuelian Wang, Jung-Sheng Chen, Servet Üztemur, Chien-Chin Lin, Yen-Ling Chang, Wei-Leng Chin, Mark D Griffiths, Chung-Ying Lin","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01168-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-01168-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Weight stigma is pervasive, and it has a significant impact on the social, physical, and psychological health of an individual. Weight stigma is observed from several different sources. Therefore, the present study developed and validated a new instrument, the Weight Stigma Exposure Inventory (WeSEI), to assess different sources of observed weight stigma across interpersonal and non-interpersonal sources.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The participants (n = 15,991) comprised Taiwanese young adults, Chinese adolescents, and Chinese young adults who completed paper-and-pencil and online surveys between September 2023 and December 2023. All participants provided demographic information, and completed the WeSEI, Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ), and Perceived Weight Stigmatization Scale (PWSS). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to examine the factor structure of the WeSEI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EFA and CFA results confirmed a seven-factor structure (television sources, traditional media sources, social media sources, parent sources, stranger sources, significant other sources, and friends sources) across 35 items of the WeSEI. Moreover, the WeSEI was supported by measurement invariance across subgroups (i.e., subsamples, gender, and weight status). Moreover, there were positive correlations between all seven factors of the WeSEI and the WSSQ and PWSS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The WeSEI appears to assess observed weight stigma from different sources, and had good reliability, validity, and invariance across various subsamples. The WeSEI may be useful in clinical practice and research for assessing exposure to weight stigma from different sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11706089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between proactive inhibition and restrictive eating behaviours in severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (SE-AN).","authors":"Savani Bartholdy, Bethan Dalton, Samantha J Rennalls, Maria Kekic, Jessica McClelland, Iain C Campbell, Owen G O'Daly, Ulrike Schmidt","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01165-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01165-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a need for improved understanding of why 20-30% of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) develop a severe and enduring form of illness (SE-AN). Previously, we reported differences in proactive inhibition (a pre-emptive slowing of responses) in individuals with AN compared to healthy controls (after controlling for intolerance of uncertainty). The present study is a preliminary exploration of proactive inhibition in which we compared women with SE-AN with healthy comparison (HC) women and explored its association with restrictive/avoidant eating behaviours.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-four women with SE-AN (defined by >3 years of illness and a previous unsuccessful course of eating disorder treatment) and 30 HCs completed (a) a cued reaction time task, to assess proactive inhibition, and (b) questionnaires assessing restrictive/avoidant eating behaviours and intolerance of uncertainty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both SE-AN and HC participants showed slower reaction times under conditions of uncertainty, indicating proactive inhibition in both groups. There was a main effect of group, with SE-AN participants showing significantly slower reaction times compared to HC. There was no interaction between group and condition, suggesting that individuals with SE-AN did not differ in proactive inhibition compared to HCs. However, post-hoc analysis between-group tests for each trial type revealed that group differences were only present under conditions of uncertainty. Proactive inhibition was not significantly associated with self-reported restrictive/avoidant eating behaviours, including when taking intolerance of uncertainty into consideration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is unlikely that proactive inhibition contributes to avoidant and restrictive eating behaviours seen in SE-AN. Our findings suggest that the SE-AN group are relatively more cautious when responding under conditions of uncertainty. Longitudinal studies and between-group comparisons of individuals across different stages of illness will be required to elucidate the way in which proactive inhibition is specifically implicated in SE-AN, rather than in AN more generally.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopsychosocial correlates of body satisfaction in 7- to 8-year old children: a cross-sectional and prospective investigation.","authors":"Danielle L Smith, Stephanie R Damiano, Siân A McLean, Eleanor H Wertheim, Susan J Paxton","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01178-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01178-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biopsychosocial factors have been associated with body satisfaction/dissatisfaction and related body image concerns in adolescence; however, few studies have investigated these relationships in middle childhood, an important developmental phase for body satisfaction. This study investigated relationships between a range of biological (body mass index), psychological (child anxiety/depression, self-esteem, and self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism) and sociocultural (mother's body dissatisfaction and comments about child's appearance, father's body dissatisfaction and comments about child's appearance, peer teasing and child's media exposure) factors and body satisfaction cross-sectionally and longitudinally in a sample of 7- and 8-year-old children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, participants from the longitudinal Children's Body Image Development Study (in which children had been followed-up annually from 3 years old) were assessed by interview at 7 years old (Time 1; n = 293: girls = 167, boys = 126) and 8 years old (Time 2; n = 222; girls = 126, boys = 96) and their parents completed a questionnaire at each time point.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple regression analyses revealed that child self-esteem, socially prescribed perfectionism, and mother body dissatisfaction in the total sample at 7-years, as well as child self-esteem and mother body dissatisfaction in the total sample at 8-years were significant unique cross-sectional correlates of child body satisfaction. While self-esteem outcomes were replicated at both time points for boys and girls, some differences in patterns were found for other variables in the subsamples of boys versus girls across time points. Prospectively in partial correlations (controlling for Time 1 child body satisfaction), mother's body dissatisfaction predicted later child body satisfaction in boys and child self-esteem predicted later body satisfaction in girls. However, no longitudinal biopsychosocial predictors were identified as contributing unique variance in child body satisfaction from 7- to 8-years old after accounting for Time 1 (7-yearold) child body satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings point to important psychosocial factors that are consistently related to body satisfaction in children and could be targets for intervention, but also suggest that a number of biopsychosocial variables develop concurrently with body satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"12 1","pages":"215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hiding in plain sight: eating disorders in diverse populations - a case for comprehensive medical education.","authors":"Tashalee R Brown, Madeline O Jansen, Drew Hirsch, Habiba Amir, Alexis E Duncan, Ginger E Nicol","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01174-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01174-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Training gaps regarding the diagnosis and management of eating disorders in diverse populations, including racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender minoritized groups, have not been thoroughly examined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine resident physicians' knowledge and attitudes regarding eating disorders in diverse populations, with a focus on areas for improved training and intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-two resident physicians in internal medicine, emergency medicine, obstetrics/gynecology, psychiatry, and surgery at an academic center completed an online survey from 12/1/2020-3/1/2021, which comprised multiple choice and vignette-style open-ended questions to assess knowledge and attitudes toward the management and clinical presentations of eating disorders. Overall, the survey response rate was 25.7%. Descriptive statistics were reported. Vignette-style questions were analyzed using inductive coding and the frequency of responses was reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A minority of resident physicians self-reported confidence in their knowledge of the medical complications (n = 42, 45%), risk factors (n = 38, 41%), and clinical presentations (n = 32, 35%) associated with eating disorders. Responses to vignette-style questions correctly identified relevant management methods (such as electrolyte monitoring and referral to specialty care), but demonstrated limited knowledge of the clinical presentation of eating disorders. Furthermore, most respondents reported a lack of knowledge regarding eating disorders in sexual and gender minoritized patients (n = 68, 73.9%) as well as racial and ethnic minoritized patients (n = 64, 69.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest concerning gaps in knowledge and confidence among resident physicians with regard to the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders, particularly in racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender minoritized patients. Moreover, responses to vignette-like questions indicate significant homogeneity in respondents' perceptions of the clinical presentation of eating disorders, reflecting cultural biases which associate eating disorders with underweight, young, female patients. The majority did not feel competent in treating eating disorders in diverse populations and expressed desire for additional training in this area. More research is needed to better understand and address these gaps in eating disorder training, with the goal of increasing equity in patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"12 1","pages":"216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the neurobiological correlates of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in eating disorders: a review of potential methodologies and implications for the psychedelic study design.","authors":"Elena Koning, Cristiano Chaves, Ryan H Kirkpatrick, Elisa Brietzke","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01185-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01185-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eating disorders (EDs) are a group of debilitating mental illnesses characterized by maladaptive eating behaviors and severe cognitive-emotional dysfunction, directly affecting 1-3% of the population. Standard treatments are not effective in approximately one third of ED cases, representing the need for scientific advancement. There is emerging evidence for the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) to improve treatment outcomes in individuals with EDs. However, the limited knowledge of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of PAP restricts the ability to confirm its clinical utility. This narrative review presents an overview of methodologies used to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of EDs or the effects of psilocybin that could be employed to probe the neurobiological correlates of PAP in EDs, including magnetic resonance imaging and molecular neuroimaging techniques, electrophysiological approaches, and neuroplasticity markers. Finally, the implications of these methodologies are described in relation to the unique features of the psychedelic study design, challenges, limitations, and future directions to advance the field. This paper represents a valuable resource for scientists during study conceptualization and design phases and stimulates advancement in the identification of effective therapeutic interventions for EDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"12 1","pages":"214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEED-AN and a non-specialised, severe mental illness (SMI) community treatment model: perspectives of professionals and patients of a QoL-focussed treatment.","authors":"Laura Schut, Marc Godschalk, Martie de Jong","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01172-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01172-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improving care for SEED-AN patients is urgently needed. Current specialist eating disorder (SEDU) programs have minimal impact, resulting in poor quality of life. Flexible assertive community treatment (FACT) focuses on improving the quality of life of people with severe mental illness.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study systematically examined professionals' and patients' experiences with existing care for SEED AN in two settings in two health districts in the Netherlands. Specifically, the specialised Eating Disorder Unit and FACT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative approach was used: Twelve professionals participated in focus groups, and four professionals and six patients were interviewed individually. Reflective thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes were constructed: \"We feel ignorant in the treatment of SEED-AN patients\"; \"There is a disability to act\"; \"We are more than executive practitioners alone\"; and \"The professionals at FACT have given me back my confidence in treatment\". The findings reflect how support for SEED-AN patients is provided by both FACT and SEDU professionals and how SEED-AN patients experience the FACT approach.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>A resource group model promotes collaboration among professionals, patients and the patient's support system. The model is expected to increase knowledge about SEED-AN among stakeholders who support the quality of life of SEED-AN patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"12 1","pages":"213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do empirically-derived personality subtypes relate to cognitive inflexibility in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?","authors":"Lauren M Schaefer, Glen Forester, Elizabeth N Dougherty, Angeline R Bottera, Erika E Forbes, Jennifer E Wildes","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01169-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01169-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accruing evidence suggests that personality-based approaches to eating disorder classification may offer several advantages over current diagnostic models, with prior research consistently identifying three personality-based groups characterized by either (1) high levels of impulsivity and dysregulation (termed the \"undercontrolled\" group), (2) high levels of rigidity and avoidance (termed the \"overcontrolled\" group), or (3) relatively normative levels of personality functioning (termed the \"low psychopathology\" group). Cognitive inflexibility (i.e., difficulty adjusting thoughts or behaviors) has theorized relevance to eating disorders. However, prior research has frequently failed to observe differences in cognitive inflexibility across eating disorder diagnostic groups. The present study aimed to identify personality-based groups in an eating disorder sample, and then to examine the relations between these groups and behavioral measures of cognitive inflexibility.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>83 men and women who met DSM-5 criteria for anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa completed self-report questionnaires to assess trait-level approach/avoidance behaviors and impulsivity, as well as behavioral tasks assessing attentional set-shifting and reversal learning, two facets of cognitive inflexibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Latent profile analysis of measures assessing approach/avoidance behaviors and impulsivity supported a three-class model replicating the undercontrolled, overcontrolled, and low psychopathology groups. Notably, the low psychopathology group was characterized by elevated reward responding. One-way ANOVAs indicated that the low psychopathology group demonstrated heightened perseverative errors (an indicator of impaired reversal learning) relative to the other groups. No group differences were observed for attentional set-shifting errors or probabilistic switch errors.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings from the present study provide additional support for personality-based classification approaches identifying undercontrolled, overcontrolled, and low psychopathology eating disorder groups. Results also suggest that reward-related processes may contribute to disorder maintenance in the low psychopathology group, indicating potentially meaningful targets for intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"12 1","pages":"212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}