Journal of Eating Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Examining maladaptive eating behaviors and psychological difficulties among women with compulsive eating and obesity: a latent profile analysis.","authors":"Charlie Maltais-Lévesque, Maxime Legendre, Catherine Bégin","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01193-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-025-01193-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maladaptive eating behaviors are central to weight gain and are influenced by various psychological determinants associated with obesity. While some studies have established profiles based on different maladaptive eating behaviors using medical samples of individuals with obesity, no studies have focused on all patients with overweight or obesity seeking psychological help for compulsive eating. The objective was to identify eating behaviors profiles using maladaptive eating behaviors (disinhibition, susceptibility to hunger, and restraint) among women patients with compulsive eating and overweight or obesity, and to compare those profiles with each other on socio-demographic, clinical, psychological, and eating-related variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and eighty-eight women patients with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) completed online questionnaires and participated in an eating disorders diagnosis interview. Profiles were created using latent profile analysis and compared with a MANOVA with Tukey adjusted post-hoc comparisons and a chi-square analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three profiles emerged from the latent profile analysis. The Highly disinhibited profile includes women with high scores for disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger and a low score of restraint. The Moderate sensitivity to eating cues profile includes women with moderate scores of disinhibition, susceptibility to hunger, and restraint. The Perceived control over food profile includes women with the highest restraint score and the lowest levels of disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger. Group comparisons showed significant differences between profiles. The Highly disinhibited profile included women with higher levels of depressive symptoms and impulsivity as well as lower scores of self-directedness and cooperation. This profile also showed the highest level of binge eating, food craving, and food addiction symptoms. The Moderate sensitivity to eating cues profile showed more body esteem and greater cooperation. The Perceived control over food profile had less impulsivity and depressive symptoms as well as a higher level of self-directedness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlighted mechanisms that seem to prevail in different profiles of patients with compulsive eating which offer intervention targets that should be prioritized when offering psychotherapeutic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating disorders, dentistry, and the need for shared learning: a lived experience commentary on Gidlund et al.","authors":"James Downs","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01189-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-025-01189-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This Commentary builds upon the findings of Gidlund et al.'s study on the oral health experiences of women in remission from eating disorders. By exploring the nuanced and deeply embodied dimensions of oral health in eating disorders, their findings also highlight the intersectional challenges faced by individuals when accessing dental care, including stigma, shame, and ambivalence about treatment. Drawing on lived experience examples and published research, this Commentary aims to add to existing evidence demonstrating the need for a more integrated, patient-centred approach to both dental and eating disorders treatment, advocating for harm-reduction strategies to prevent and minimise damage during active illness alongside more inclusive and nuanced conceptualisations of illness, treatment, and recovery. Recommendations are made to adopt non-stigmatising language, expand demographic diversity in research, and to co-produce research and treatment provision alongside people with lived experience. The bidirectional relationship between oral health and eating disorder symptoms requires the creation of greater collaboration between dentistry and ED treatment providers, where shared learning and co-produced training can improve care pathways and address systemic gaps in knowledge and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body image differs in weight-based stereotypes between patients with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: findings from the BodyTalk project.","authors":"Adam Schweda, Paolo Meneguzzo, Jasmin Steinbach, Alexander Bäuerle, Maria Alejandra Quiros-Ramirez, Katrin E Giel, Martin Teufel, Eva-Maria Skoda, Angela Favaro, Simone C Behrens","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01201-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-025-01201-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED) have considerable symptom overlap, and prior studies observed similiarities in respect to patient's body image. However, weight-based stereotypes have so far not been considered together with other facets of body image. This study investigated body image, body size estimation accuracy and weight-based stereotypes in a German-Italian sample of 22 patients with BN, 22 patients with BED and 44 weight-matched controls who had no eating disorder. Patients with BN and BED reported significantly more negative body image than controls and were not differently accurate in estimating their body size than the controls. However, patients with BN showed stronger weight-based stereotypes compared to patients with BED and controls, suggesting that these patients hold stronger stereotypes and apply weight-based stereotypes to lower weight excessively. Observations from this study suggest that clinical treatment of body image disturbance in patients with BN and BED should address negative body image and weight-based stereotypes in a differentiated way.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating disorder symptomatology among transgender and gender-diverse individuals: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sofie Martine Rasmussen, Loa Clausen, Maria L Pop, Astrid D Højgaard, Mikkel K Kjeldsen, Gry Kjaersdam Telléus","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01212-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-025-01212-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transgender and gender-diverse individuals tend to be at increased risk of experiencing eating disorders compared to cisgender individuals. Gender-affirming treatment seems to have a significant impact on eating disorder symptomatology; however, there is limited knowledge of gender transition and gender congruence in relation to eating disorder symptomatology. The study aimed to both estimate the prevalence of eating disorders and eating disorder symptomatology among transgender and gender-diverse individuals and assess the motivation behind engaging in eating and diet habits. Furthermore, the association between the degree of transition, gender congruence, and eating disorder symptomatology was explored, and the level of body dissatisfaction and quality of life was examined.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Transgender and gender-diverse individuals were compared to a matched non-clinical comparison group. A national cross-sectional survey, including the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, and assessments of gender transition, gender congruence, body dissatisfaction, and quality of life were forwarded to all individuals who had active contact with one of three centres for gender identity and a non-clinical comparison group. Fisher's exact test, two-sample t-test, and linear regression model were conducted for analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 1,132 transgender and gender-diverse individuals and 688 individuals from the non-clinical comparison group were included. The prevalence of eating disorders was 19.25% (n = 119) among transgender and gender-diverse individuals compared to 14.02% (n = 75) in the non-clinical comparison group (p-value = 0.010); 80.6% of the transgender and gender-diverse individuals reported using eating and diet habits to modify sex characteristics and/or gender expression. Gender congruence and gender transition were negatively associated with ED symptomatology. Transgender and gender-diverse individuals had significantly lower gender congruence and quality of life and higher body dissatisfaction than the non-clinical comparison group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transgender and gender-diverse individuals seemed to experience disproportionately high levels of eating disorder symptomatology and engaged in eating and diet habits primarily for gender-affirming purposes, potentially increasing the risk of developing eating disorders. Gender transition and gender congruence seem to be important factors to consider in relation to eating disorder symptomatology. Thus, gender-affirming health care for transgender and diverse individuals seems essential to reduce or prevent the development of eating disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing precision nutrition to individualize weight restoration in anorexia nervosa.","authors":"Isabel Rodriguez, Laura M Huckins, Cynthia M Bulik, Jiayi Xu, Daria Igudesman","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01209-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-025-01209-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder for which effective treatment and sustained recovery are contingent upon successful weight restoration, yet the efficacy of existing treatments is suboptimal. This narrative review considers the potential of precision nutrition for tailoring dietary interventions to individual characteristics to enhance acute and longer-term weight outcomes in AN. We review key factors that drive variation in nutritional requirements, including energy expenditure, fecal energy loss, the gut microbiota, genetic factors, and psychiatric comorbidities. Although scientific evidence supporting precision nutrition in AN is limited, preliminary findings suggest that individualized nutrition therapies, particularly those considering duration of illness and the gut microbiota, may augment weight gain. Some patients may benefit from microbiota-directed dietary plans that focus on restoring microbial diversity, keystone taxa, or functions that promote energy absorption, which could enhance weight restoration-although stronger evidence is needed to support this approach. Furthermore, accounting for psychiatric comorbidities such as depression and anxiety as well as genetic factors influencing metabolism may help refine nutrition prescriptions improving upon existing energy estimation equations, which were not developed for patients with AN. Given the reliance on large sample sizes, costly data collection, and the need for computationally intensive artificial intelligence algorithms to assimilate deep phenotypes into personalized interventions, we highlight practical considerations related to the implementation of precision nutrition approaches in clinical practice. More research is needed to identify which factors, including metabolic profiles, genetic markers, demographics, and habitual lifestyle behaviors, are most critical to target for individualizing weight restoration, and whether personalized recommendations can be practicably applied to improve and sustain patient recovery from this debilitating disorder with high relapse and mortality rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) symptoms in gender diverse adults and their relation to autistic traits, ADHD traits, and sensory sensitivities.","authors":"Kai S Thomas, Jennifer Keating, Avalon A Ross, Kate Cooper, Catherine R G Jones","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01215-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-025-01215-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is emerging evidence to suggest gender diverse people are overrepresented in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) samples. However, the mechanisms underlying elevated risk for ARFID in this group are currently unknown. Gender diversity and neurodivergence commonly co-occur, with elevated sensory sensitivities reported to be a shared experience common across autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and ARFID. We aimed to examine the unique contribution of sensory sensitivities, including hypo- and hyper-sensitivity, in predicting ARFID symptoms in gender diverse adults, whilst controlling for autistic and ADHD traits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gender diverse adults (N = 182; 142 assigned female at birth; M age = 28.6 years) in the UK participated in an online survey. We examined correlations between their self-reported ARFID symptoms, sensory sensitivities, autistic traits (not including sensory sensitivities), and ADHD traits whilst controlling for weight and shape concerns. We then used hierarchical multiple regression to investigate the unique contribution of sensory sensitivities to ARFID symptoms whilst controlling for the other neurodivergent traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our gender diverse sample, higher levels of ARFID symptoms were associated with higher levels of sensory sensitivities, autistic traits, and ADHD traits, after controlling for weight and shape concerns. Furthermore, sensory sensitivities, specifically hyper-sensitivity, uniquely predicted levels of ARFID symptoms once we accounted for autistic and ADHD traits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>When considering neurodivergence, sensory hyper-sensitivities may be particularly relevant to ARFID symptomatology in gender diverse adults. Future research should explore associations between ARFID presentations and sensory sensitivities in large samples of gender diverse adults, to enable separate analyses by gender identity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equity in eating disorders: a dialectical approach to stigma, expertise, and the coproduction of knowledge.","authors":"James Downs, Marissa Adams, Anita Federici, Sam L Sharpe, Agnes Ayton","doi":"10.1186/s40337-024-01176-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-024-01176-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Within mental health research, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of the knowledge obtained through lived experiences of illness, treatment, recovery, and health. In recent years, the field of eating disorders has seen an emergence of co-produced knowledge, in particular in the co-design of patient-facing materials for use in clinical settings, and a growing body of rich qualitative research by those who may straddle the identities of clinician, researcher and person with lived/living experience. However, there are significant variations in how expertise by experience is defined and utilised within research and clinical practice, and persisting inequities in the extent to which people with lived experience are afforded the agency to define their illnesses and treatment. This paper's authorship is a collaboration between those with personal and professional relationships with the subject of eating disorders, bringing to life the concept of sharing power and decision-making across multiple viewpoints and identities. Situating knowledge about eating disorders and stigma within a wider historical and philosophical context, the authors argue that persisting inequities in research and clinical practice are rooted in multiple stigmas. To address this, a 'dialectical' stance is proposed, which draws upon Dialectical Behaviour Therapy and broader principles of coproduction to offer a practical approach to operationalising epistemic justice and dismantling stigma in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining prevention and early intervention to include longstanding and severe eating disorders.","authors":"James Leonard Downs","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01203-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-025-01203-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a lack of agreement over the usefulness and coherence of the term 'severe and enduring' to denote a sub-category of illness amongst patients with eating disorders. Nonetheless, a proportion of patients experience longstanding and severe illnesses, often as a result of a lack of treatment altogether, or poor responses to currently available treatments as they are delivered within existing specialist services. This paper is written from the perspective of lived experience and published research. It calls for a re-imagination of existing principles within the field of eating disorders which have underpinned recent demonstrable improvements in clinical practice and outcomes for patients, namely prevention and early intervention. These concepts can also be applied in the development of more effective and inclusive care pathways for patients with longstanding and severe eating disorders. The author reminds us of the importance of language in the description and categorisation of illness, and the essential requirement that those with lived/living experience of illness share equitable decision-making power in defining their condition and designing the healthcare provision they receive.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excessive vitamin B₁₂ concentrations are more common than deficiency in patients with anorexia nervosa: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yusuke Saito, Toshinori Shirata, Keisuke Noto, Haruka Muraosa, Konoka Nomura, Toshiki Obata, Shohei Kawai, Akihito Suzuki","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01217-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-025-01217-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin B₁₂ is an essential cofactor for one-carbon metabolism. Deficiency of this vitamin is known to cause various physical and neurological conditions. Several guidelines recommend the intake of multivitamin supplements in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) in order to avoid these conditions. Excessive blood vitamin B₁₂ concentrations have also been reported in patients with AN. This study examines the relationship between blood vitamin B₁₂ concentrations and clinical, biochemical, and hematological characteristics in patients with AN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed data from 71 Japanese female patients with AN. Biological and hematological data were measured before nutritional therapy. Spearman's rank correlation, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to explore the relationships between vitamin B₁₂ concentrations and other variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The blood vitamin B₁₂ concentrations of 2 patients were below the normal range, while 22 had concentrations exceeding the normal range. The remaining 47 patients had concentrations within the normal range. In the Spearman's rank correlation analyses, significant positive correlations of vitamin B₁₂ concentrations were found with liver enzymes, i.e., aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase, age, and blood urea nitrogen, whereas a negative correlation was found with body mass index (BMI). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the high vitamin B₁₂ group was linked with higher alanine aminotransferase, total protein, creatinine, and age, but not BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that excessive vitamin B₁₂ concentrations are more prevalent than deficiency in patients with AN, suggesting that the routine administration of vitamin B₁₂ to patients with AN should be reconsidered. Elevated vitamin B₁₂ concentrations might be associated with starvation-induced autophagy in the liver. Its potential role in physical complications warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersectionality in help-seeking for eating disorders: a systematic scoping review.","authors":"Jessica Wilkins, Muhammad Ahmed, Karina Allen, Ulrike Schmidt","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01202-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40337-025-01202-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with marginalised social characteristics (e.g. by race/ethnicity, gender, body weight) report experiencing eating disorder (ED) symptoms but do not proportionally access treatment. There may be unique factors experienced by individuals with multiple marginalised social characteristics which are not included in our current understanding of help-seeking for EDs. The present review sought to examine the extent of evidence exploring help-seeking and service utilisation for (EDs) by people with more than one marginalised social characteristic or identity. MAIN: A systematic scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines for scoping reviews. Four databases (PsycINFO, PubMED, Embase, Medline) were searched for papers explicitly examining help-seeking or service utilisation for people with more than one marginalised social characteristic or identity (e.g. race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, weight status). Included studies underwent qualitative synthesis employing an existing model of help-seeking adapted for this review. The most common ED investigated was binge eating disorder (BED) and the most frequently reported marginalised characteristics were overweight/obesity and race/ethnicity. Other intersectional characteristics identified included socioeconomic status (SES), gender, and sexual orientation. People with marginalised social identities such as race/ethnicity or gender were more likely to seek help for BED when they also experienced a higher BMI. There was consensus across studies included in this review that help-seeking rates are low for people with an ED.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mental health literacy and cultural beliefs about help-seeking are important factors affecting the experiences of people with intersectional identities and this may impact their likelihood to seek help. Results suggest that future studies should consider the interaction between social characteristics and identities in their analyses of outcomes in EDs as this is an emerging area of research, extension of our findings is also needed. The protocol for this review is registered via PROSPERO number CRD42024525849.</p>","PeriodicalId":48605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}