Children-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Feeding Disorders: A Narrative Literature Review.","authors":"Hugo Pergeline, Léo Gonnet, Arnaud Fernandez, Federico Solla, François Poinso, Jokthan Guivarch","doi":"10.3390/children12030333","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The definitions of feeding disorders of infants and young children were historically based on a dichotomic organic/non-organic vision. Since 2019, a new definition of pediatric feeding disorders (PFDs) has reshaped the understanding of these disorders with a global vision. The aim of this study is to obtain a better understanding of the diagnostic criteria for general practice, both by exploring the evolution of classifications and by clearing the actual definition of PFDs and their possible treatments. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a narrative review of the literature, including 36 articles about PFDs, excluding adolescents, anorexia nervosa, bulimia, pica, rumination, and specific neurodevelopmental or chronic pediatric disorders. We summarized these studies in three parts: the specific classifications for children before puberty, the current definition, and the clinical guidelines. <b>Results</b>: Concerning the history of the classifications, we summarized the studies of Chatoor and Kerzner and the older pediatric vision of failure to thrive. For the definition of pediatric feeding disorders, we presented this new category involving at least one out of four domains: medical, nutritional, feeding skills, or psychosocial. For the main clinical guidelines, we presented recommendations for both severe and common PFDs in each altered domain for use in daily practice. <b>Conclusions:</b> The new definition promotes a transdisciplinary vision of childhood feeding disorders, which considers each of the intricate domains of PFDs. Using common terminology for PFDs could help all healthcare providers, families, and researchers to better understand and address PFDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Hospital Length of Stay and Intensive Care Utilization Among Pediatric COVID-19 Patients in Southern Nevada: A Multivariate Analysis.","authors":"Erika Marquez, Amanda Haboush-Deloye, Jihye Kim, Erick B López, Anil T Mangla, Binita Adhikari, Jay J Shen","doi":"10.3390/children12030332","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed significant disparities in health outcomes across various populations, with children being no exception. <b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to identify factors associated with hospital length of stay and intensive care unit (ICU) utilization among children hospitalized with COVID-19. <b>Methods:</b> The project evaluated inpatient COVID-19 hospitalization data of children aged 0 to 17 years between 2020 and 2021 with a positive PCR COVID-19 test 14 days prior to or during hospitalization. Using a multivariate linear regression model, hospital length of stay and ICU utilization were evaluated by sociodemographic factors, including age, gender, race/ethnicity, primary payer status, comorbidities, CDC Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), and clinical factors. <b>Results:</b> Among 376 hospitalized pediatric patients, 62.2% were non-White minorities, 4.3% had at least one comorbidity, and 58.5% were covered by public insurance. Additionally, 67.6% scored high on the SVI. The average hospital stay was 3.89 days (standard deviation (SD) = 4.8), and 25% of children utilized the ICU during their hospitalization (SD = 0.43). After adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, minority patients were more likely to have a longer length of stay by 1.09 days compared to White patients. Minority patients were also 72% more likely to use the ICU than White patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings demonstrate that non-White children experience more severe outcomes related to COVID-19, supporting the need for culturally specific mitigation and intervention strategies for children and families during a pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remdesivir Use in Pediatric Patients with Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Safe and Well Tolerated.","authors":"Delma J Nieves, M Tuan Tran, Jasjit Singh, Negar Ashouri, Tricia Morphew, Jennifer G Lusk, Felice C Adler-Shohet, Rachel Marano, Stephanie Osborne, Jennifer Strickland, Antonio C Arrieta","doi":"10.3390/children12030331","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objective:</b> Millions of children were infected with SARS-CoV-2, and a small proportion progressed to severe disease, especially those with underlying risk factors. Adult COVID-19 studies showed mortality benefits with Remdesivir. Data on Remdesivir use in pediatrics are limited. We report on the safety and tolerability of Remdesivir in pediatric patients seen at our institution. <b>Methods:</b> This was a retrospective cohort study of patients <19 years old with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection who received at least one dose of Remdesivir. Patients followed strict institutional guidelines for safety monitoring including standard clinical and laboratory daily observations. Demographics and underlying conditions were reported as averages; for laboratory values, linear regression was applied within a generalized linear mixed-effects model framework to evaluate the significance of changes in average levels over time. <b>Results:</b> We enrolled 318 patients with acute SARS-CoV2 infection from May 2020 to December 2022. In total, 53% were male, and the age range was distributed broadly. In total, 61% were school-aged children (28% 5-11 and 33% 12-18 years of age). In total, 62% of cases were Hispanic. The most common reasons for Remdesivir treatment included respiratory distress (201; 63%) and having high-risk underlying conditions (109; 34%). Therapy was completed as planned in 91% and discontinued early in 9%. Mean baseline, peak, and end of treatment values for AST were 57 (95% CI 53, 61), 79 (95% CI 73, 84) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and 55 (51, 59) (<i>p</i> = 0.479); for ALT, they were 42 (38, 47), 59 (95% CI 52, 66) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and 46 (95% CI 41, 52) (<i>p</i> = 0.054); and for bilirubin, they were 0.56 (95% CI 0.50, 0.62), 0.67 (95% CI 0.61, 0.74) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and 0.44 (95% CI 0.40, 0.48) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), respectively. During Remdesivir treatment, we did not observe marrow suppression or renal toxicity. <b>Conclusions:</b> No clinically significant hematological or renal toxicity was noted. Mean liver enzymes increased modestly and returned to baseline without interrupting treatment. Remdesivir was well tolerated in patients <19 years old.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of a Novel Hybrid Brace in the Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Prospective Case-Series Study.","authors":"Hyoungmin Kim, Sam Yeol Chang, Bong Soon Chang, Jun Yeop Lee, Seonpyo Jang, Sung Taeck Kim","doi":"10.3390/children12030328","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Bracing is an effective treatment for preventing curve progression in skeletally immature adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. A novel hybrid brace has been developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid and soft braces. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the novel hybrid brace. <b>Methods</b>: We enrolled AIS patients who were candidates for brace treatment: aged 10-18 years, with a coronal Cobb angle of 20-45° and a Risser stage of 0-2. The primary outcome was the rate of successful brace treatment, defined as meeting all three criteria: (1) less than 5° of progression in the Cobb angle during follow-up, (2) less than 45° of Cobb angle at the final follow-up, and (3) avoidance of surgical treatment. <b>Results</b>: A total of 24 patients (1 male, 23 female) with a mean age of 12.2 ± 1.2 years were included in this study. At the initiation of bracing, the major curve had a mean Cobb angle of 34.5 ± 6.3° and an in-brace correction (IBC) rate of 41.5 ± 16.0%. The hybrid brace demonstrated a success rate of 91.7% (22/24) during a mean follow-up period of 22.1 ± 6.4 months. After brace treatment, seven (29.2%) patients showed an improvement of more than 5° in their Cobb angle. When compared to a matched control from a retrospective cohort, the hybrid brace demonstrated a greater success rate (91.7% vs. 83.3%) and a higher proportion of patients with an improved curve (29.2% vs. 12.5%), although statistically insignificant. <b>Conclusions</b>: A novel hybrid brace was effective in preventing curve progression in skeletally immature patients with AIS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Barriers to Dental Care for Patients with Down Syndrome: A Scoping Review of Challenges and Strategies.","authors":"Man Hung, Aaron Graves, Johanna Lu, Connor Schwartz, Martin S Lipsky","doi":"10.3390/children12030330","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Access to dental care is critical for overall health, yet individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) face numerous barriers, including communication difficulties, insufficiently trained professionals, and financial constraints leading to poor oral health outcomes. These obstacles are compounded by a shortage of specialized services and geographic disparities that limit access to appropriate care. This scoping review aimed to explore the existing literature about these barriers and to identify strategies to enhance dental care for this vulnerable population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review followed the Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Review guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science focusing on peer-reviewed studies published in English within the last 10 years that examined barriers and strategies related to patients with DS. To ensure methodological rigor, eligible studies were independently screened and reviewed by two reviewers. Any disagreements were resolved through discussion, and if consensus could not be reached, a third reviewer made the final decision. Data were extracted using a standardized form. The extracted data were analyzed and synthesized to identify and categorize barriers and strategies across different studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial search yielded 58 articles, with 42 remaining after duplicates were removed. Following titles and abstracts screening, 13 studies were considered for full-text review, and 6 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies, published between 2015 and 2023, primarily employed cross-sectional designs and identified key barriers, including challenges in maintaining oral hygiene, limited access to specialized dental services, and behavioral and sensory difficulties affecting dental care for children with DS. Strategies to overcome these barriers included enhancing dental professional training, developing tailored care approaches, and integrating preventive dental programs into broader health initiatives.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review highlights significant, persistent barriers to dental care for children with DS. By emphasizing the need for enhanced dental professional training, personalized care approaches, and integrated preventive programs, this review provides a framework for improving dental care accessibility for this population. Addressing these barriers can lead to better oral health outcomes and improved overall well-being for children with DS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising Psychological Well-Being in Chinese-Australian Adolescents: A 24-Hour Movement Guidelines Approach.","authors":"Wei-Cheng Chao, Asaduzzaman Khan, Jui-Chi Shih, Wen Li, Ching-Lin Wu, Kuan-Chung Chen, Bill Cheng","doi":"10.3390/children12030329","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chinese-Australian adolescents face unique academic and cultural challenges that may impact their lifestyle and psychological well-being. Physical activity, screen time, and sleep are known to influence well-being. However, research on the adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among Chinese-Australian adolescents remains limited and awaits further investigation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study hypothesized a significant positive association between adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for physical activity, screen time, and sleep, and the psychological well-being of Chinese-Australian adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A self-reported questionnaire was distributed to two language schools in Brisbane, Australia, targeting high school students from grades 7 to 12 with Chinese-Australian backgrounds. This study used multiple linear regression modelling to examine the associations between meeting or not meeting recommendations. Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was defined as ≥60 min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), ≤2 h/day of recreational screen time, and 9-11 h/night of sleep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 251 participants (average age: 13.31 years; 58% female), only 20.3% met two or three recommendations, while 43.3% met one, and 36.2% met none. The most common compliance was meeting only the screen time guideline alone (48%), while 9.6% met either MVPA + screen time or screen time + sleep. The regression analysis showed that meeting at least MVPA (β = 1.41, 95% CI: 0.07 to 2.74) or at least sleep (β = 1.40, 95% CI: 0.19 to 2.60) was associated with better psychological well-being. Notably, meeting MVPA and sleep guidelines was significantly associated with higher well-being (β = 3.83, 95% CI: 1.06-6.60). From the results, adherence to additional 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was associated with improved psychosocial well-being. However, a small proportion of adolescents met all the guidelines.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Greater adherence to physical activity and sleep guidelines is linked to better psychological well-being among Chinese-Australian adolescents. These results highlight the importance of promoting healthy behaviours and implementing public health strategies to enhance education on exercise and sleep, particularly at the school and family levels, to support adolescents' psychological well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Complete Blood Count Parameters to Predict Abnormal Uterine Bleeding.","authors":"Defne Ay Tuncel, Can Acıpayam","doi":"10.3390/children12030327","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> To investigate the diagnostic value of hematological parameters in adolescents with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), to make early diagnoses, and to prevent life-threatening bleeding. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 141 children, 70 patients, and 71 controls were included in the study. The laboratory findings of the patient and control groups were obtained from medical records. Cut-off values were estimated using constructing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of complete blood count parameters to differentiate patients with AUB from control patients. <b>Results</b>: WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), CRP/albumin ratio, CRP, albumin, PDW, RDW, MPV, and APTT were higher in the AUB group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.010, <i>p</i> = 0.002, <i>p</i> = 0.017, <i>p</i> = 0.017, <i>p</i> = 0.005, <i>p</i> = 0.003, and <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, fibrinogen, and INR were lower in the AUB group than in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for all). According to ROC analysis, RDW showed the highest diagnostic performance, with an AUC of 0.999 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). PDW and MPV also demonstrated high diagnostic values (AUC = 0.995 and AUC = 0.928, respectively) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The NLR, SIRI, and CRP/albumin ratio had moderate diagnostic efficacy, with AUC values of 0.612, 0.640, and 0.642 (<i>p</i> = 0.022, <i>p</i> = 0.004, and <i>p</i> = 0.004, respectively). <b>Conclusions</b>: The high diagnostic performance of parameters such as RDW, PDW, and MPV in diagnosing AUB indicates that these parameters should be considered in clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Growth Hormone (GH) Therapy in Patients with SHOX Gene Variants.","authors":"Giorgio Sodero, Federica Arzilli, Elena Malavolta, Marilea Lezzi, Fabio Comes, Antonietta Villirillo, Donato Rigante, Clelia Cipolla","doi":"10.3390/children12030325","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Among the potential indications for growth hormone (GH) therapy is the presence of mutations in the SHOX (short stature homeobox-containing) gene, located in the telomeric pseudotautosomal region (PAR1) on the short arm of both sex chromosomes. Despite general recommendations supporting GH therapy in these cases, there is a lack of comprehensive evidence specifically evaluating its efficacy and safety in this subgroup of pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objective of this scoping review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of growth hormone therapy in patients with SHOX gene variants, providing a narrative synthesis of the included studies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews. We summarized information extracted from 22 articles identified by our search strategy. Currently, only one randomized clinical trial has analyzed the efficacy profile of GH in patients with SHOX mutations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Growth hormone is a valuable therapeutic aid for these patients. However, its prescription in children with SHOX gene mutations should consider the specific characteristics of each patient, similar to the approach taken for patients with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (GHD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Growth hormone therapy in patients with SHOX gene alterations appears to be both safe and effective. However, longitudinal prospective studies and targeted clinical trials are necessary to confirm these findings. Despite this, GH remains one of the preferred hormonal therapies for patients with short stature and confirmed SHOX gene mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sharing Milk and Knowledge in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Improves Care for Neonates in a Low- and Middle-Income Population-A North-South Collaboration.","authors":"Kirsti Haaland, Srishti Goel, Gunjana Kumar, Ingvild Andresen Hurv, Isha Thapar, Jitesh Jalthuria, Sushma Nangia","doi":"10.3390/children12030326","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Basic healthcare may significantly decrease neonatal morbidity and mortality. Attention to this, particularly in populations where rates of potentially preventable illness and death within the first weeks of life are extremely high, will have a positive impact on global health. <b>Objective:</b> This manuscript presents the development and impact of a quality improvement programme to reduce the evidence-practice gap in care for neonates admitted to the NICU in a public hospital in India. The programme was locally customised for optimal and sustainable results. <b>Method:</b> The backbone of the project was educational exchange of neonatal nurses and physicians between Norway and India. Areas of potential improvement in the care for the neonates were mainly identified by the clinicians and focus areas were subject to dynamic changes over time. In addition, a service centre for lactation counselling and milk banking was established. Progress over the timeframe 2017-2019 was compared with baseline data. <b>Results:</b> The project has shown that after a collaborative effort, there is a significant reduction in mortality from 11% in the year 2016 to 5.5% in the year 2019. The morbidity was reduced, as illustrated by the decrease in the proportion of neonates with culture-proven sepsis. Nutrition improved with consumption of human milk by the NICU-admitted neonates remarkably increasing from one third to more than three forth of their total intake, and weight gain in a subgroup was shown to increase. With the introduction of family participatory care, hours of skin-to-skin contact for the neonates significantly increased. Additional indicators of improved care were also observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> It is feasible to reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity in a low- and middle-income hospitalised population by improving basic care including nutrition relatively inexpensively when utilising human resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservative vs. Surgical Management of Condylar Fractures in Pediatric Populations: Complications and Factors for Consideration.","authors":"Chaim Ohayon, Amit Perelman, Adi Katz Biton, Andrei Krasovsky, Nidal Zeineh, Jiriys George Ginini, Adi Rachmiel, Amir Bilder, Omri Emodi","doi":"10.3390/children12030323","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The optimal treatment decision for pediatric condylar fractures is influenced by various factors, including the child's age, fracture type, degree of displacement, and the presence of concomitant injuries. While non-surgical treatments are generally preferred due to high remodeling capacity in children, there remains a lack of comprehensive research comparing the long-term outcomes of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) versus conservative management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of medical records of 71 pediatric patients (aged 0-18 years) treated for condylar fractures at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rambam Healthcare Campus, between 2010 and 2020 was completed. Gender, age, admission date, cause of injury, treatment methods, length of hospital stay, follow-up duration, and follow-up status were studied to help determine association with modality of treatment and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences were seen in complication rates across different age groups, genders, trauma etiologies, fracture sites (head/neck/base), laterality of fractures, nor was there an impact on choice of surgical vs. conservative intervention. Similar length of hospital stay was observed, even in cases with delayed surgical intervention. There was also no statistical significance of injury distribution based on socioeconomic standing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our research showed similar rates of complications in both surgically treated and conservatively treated cases. This solidifies the importance of practitioner experience, as well as comprehensive anamnesis to help caretakers most effectively determine the optimal treatment for each patient. As the surgical study group is substantially smaller than the conservatively treated group, large-scale prospective studies with extended follow-up will more conclusively help solidify results and establish guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}