Children-BaselPub Date : 2025-09-11DOI: 10.3390/children12091219
Chun-Yuan Chiu, Shang-Wen Chiu, Chung-Hsing Li
{"title":"Using Functional Education Appliance on One Patient with Class III Malocclusion in Mixed Dentition: A Case Report.","authors":"Chun-Yuan Chiu, Shang-Wen Chiu, Chung-Hsing Li","doi":"10.3390/children12091219","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objective: </strong>Class III malocclusion is a relatively common clinical problem among Asian patients, which is caused by skeletal discrepancies and involves complex factors. In growing patients, early intervention with myofunctional appliances can help correct jaw relationships more effectively. This case report presents the use of prefabricated myofunctional appliances (EF and MRC) to address Class III malocclusion through growth modification.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 9-year-old girl was diagnosed with skeletal Class III and a complete anterior crossbite. She underwent treatment with the prefabricated myofunctional appliances, worn during sleep and an additional two hours during the day for 51 months. The outcomes resulted from a combination of skeletal and dental changes, including a decrease in skeletal discrepancy (ANB: -5° to -2°), upper incisor proclination (U1 to SN: 112.5° to 123°), uprighting of the lower incisor (L1 to MP: 93.5° to 90°), and an increase in cranial flexure angle (123° to 125°) with a vertical mandibular growth pattern. The treatment improved facial profile, reduced skeletal discrepancy, corrected the anterior crossbite, and enhanced interdigitation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prefabricated myofunctional appliances are effective options for managing skeletal Class III malocclusion in pediatric patients with vertical mandibular growth patterns, producing favorable skeletal and dentoalveolar changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children-BaselPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.3390/children12091210
Evelien B van Kempen, Ayla Scholma, Nam Nam Cheung, Mirjam van Veen, Joost H van Linge
{"title":"Epidemiological Trends in Pediatric Osteoarticular Infections-Results from a Single-Center Retrospective Study Covering 2015-2023.","authors":"Evelien B van Kempen, Ayla Scholma, Nam Nam Cheung, Mirjam van Veen, Joost H van Linge","doi":"10.3390/children12091210","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric infectious disease epidemiology has changed since the COVID-19 pandemic. To investigate possible changes in the epidemiology of pediatric osteoarticular infections (pOAIs), entailing osteomyelitis (OM), septic or infectious arthritis (AR), and osteomyelitis combined with arthritis (OA), we aimed to assess the number of pOAI cases, pathogen distribution, and outcomes across the pre-, mid-, and post-pandemic periods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study in the Dutch Juliana Children's Hospital, including patients aged 0-18 years diagnosed with OM, AR, or OA between 2015 and 2023. Cases were grouped into three periods: pre-pandemic (P1: 2015-2019), mid-pandemic (P2: 2020-2021), and post-pandemic (P3: 2022-2023). Data on demographics, clinical course, imaging, microbiology, and outcomes were extracted from medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 118 pOAI cases (median age 2 years, IQR 1-8) were included. OM occurred in 50%, AR in 42%, and OA in 8% of cases. Annual case counts increased from an average of 10/year in P1 to 21/year in P3. Although the difference between P1 and P2 was not statistically significant (IRR 1.20; 95% CI 0.70-2.06), there was a significant increase in P3 compared to P1 (IRR 1.97; 95% CI 1.31-2.97). Pathogen detection was achieved in 50% of cases. <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> remained the most frequently identified pathogen overall. From P1 to P2, proportions of <i>Kingella kingae</i> and GAS declined, while <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> remained stable. In P3, <i>Kingella kingae</i> increased, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> decreased, and GAS remained relatively unchanged. However, none of these changes were statistically significant. No patients required PICU admission or experienced fatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests an increase in pOAI after the COVID-19 pandemic. While patient characteristics and outcome remained similar over time, pathogen distribution seems to have changed throughout the periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children-BaselPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.3390/children12091214
Andrea Trezza, Chiara B Rui, Stefano Chiaravalli, Veronica Biassoni, Elisabetta Schiavello, Sabina Vennarini, Ester Orlandi, Giorgio G Carrabba, Maura Massimino, Carlo G Giussani
{"title":"Pediatric Spinal Solitary Fibrous Tumor: A Systematic Review of a Rare Condition.","authors":"Andrea Trezza, Chiara B Rui, Stefano Chiaravalli, Veronica Biassoni, Elisabetta Schiavello, Sabina Vennarini, Ester Orlandi, Giorgio G Carrabba, Maura Massimino, Carlo G Giussani","doi":"10.3390/children12091214","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Spinal solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are a rare oncological entity, almost anecdotal in the pediatric population. They have a high relapse rate and represent an ongoing oncological challenge. <b>Methods:</b> In this article, we conducted a systematic review starting from a case report to highlight the current state of the art in managing these tumors. <b>Results:</b> Spinal solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare, slow-growing neoplasms that can be either intra- or extramedullary. Only a limited number of studies focus on primary pediatric spinal cord localization. Five pediatric cases of spinal SFT have been documented in the literature. On MRI, they typically present as highly vascularized, contrast-enhancing masses. Histologically, they are composed of spindle-shaped cells within a collagenous stroma featuring staghorn-shaped blood vessels. More aggressive subtypes, such as dedifferentiated SFTs, resemble high-grade sarcomas. The NAB2-STAT6 fusion is a key marker, driving EGFR signaling, collagen production, and fibrosis. Additional diagnostic markers include CD34, CD99, and Bcl-2. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment. In metastatic cases, chemotherapy-mainly with anthracyclines, dacarbazine, or temozolomide-is employed, although no standardized pediatric protocols exist. Anti-angiogenic agents, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have shown promise. Radiotherapy is used postoperatively for local disease control, but its impact on survival is still under investigation. <b>Conclusions:</b> Surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment, significantly impacting the natural history of the disease and symptom control. While clinical trials exploring radiotherapy and chemotherapy are ongoing in adults, no specific treatment protocol has been established for pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children-BaselPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.3390/children12091216
Aroia Goicoechea-Calvo, Roser Coll-Fernández, Natalia Navarro Expósito, Marc Colomer Giralt, Alba González-Aumatell, María Méndez-Hernández, Clara Carreras-Abad, Natàlia Pallarès Fontanet, Cristian Tebe Cordomi, M J Durà Mata, Carlos Rodrigo
{"title":"Effects of Paediatric Post-COVID-19 Condition on Physical Function and Daily Functioning: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Aroia Goicoechea-Calvo, Roser Coll-Fernández, Natalia Navarro Expósito, Marc Colomer Giralt, Alba González-Aumatell, María Méndez-Hernández, Clara Carreras-Abad, Natàlia Pallarès Fontanet, Cristian Tebe Cordomi, M J Durà Mata, Carlos Rodrigo","doi":"10.3390/children12091216","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Lack of objective evidence exists regarding changes in physical function and impact on daily functioning in paediatric post-COVID-19 condition (PPCC). This study aimed to assess exercise capacity, fatigue, and peripheral and respiratory muscle strength in PPCC patients compared with healthy controls. Additionally, the impact of PPCC on domains of daily life was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed.</p><p><strong>Study variables: </strong>exercise capacity (6 min walk test, 6MWT), inspiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory pressure, PImax), handgrip strength (handheld dynamometer, HHD), quadriceps femoris muscle thickness (QF MT), rectus femoris muscle thickness (RF MT), rectus femoris cross-sectional area (RF CSA), rectus femoris echo-intensity (RF EI), fatigue (Paediatric Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue, pedsFACIT-F), and physical activity (Assessment of Physical Activity Levels Questionnaire, APALQ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 115 PPCC patients and 227 healthy controls were included. The PPCC group had lower 6MWT (509.00 ± 86.12, <i>p</i> < 0.001), PImax (68.71 ± 26.23, <i>p</i> < 0.001), HHD (82.84 ± 29.09, <i>p</i> < 0.001), APALQ (7.94 ± 3.14, <i>p</i> < 0.001), pedsFACIT-F (24.51 ± 11.01, <i>p</i> < 0.001), QF MT mid-thigh (33.21 ± 7.99, <i>p</i> = 0.011), and higher RF EI (<i>p</i> < 0.001) vs. controls. Only 37.63% of the PPCC group resumed previous sports, 43.48% were unable to attend school full-time and 28.7% could not participate in after-school activities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Paediatric post-COVID-19 condition patients exhibited significant impairments in terms of physical function, with a high impact on daily functioning. This knowledge is necessary to provide targeted therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12469136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children-BaselPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.3390/children12091207
Nadine-Stella Achenjang, Elizabeth Jadczak, Rita M Ryan, Mary L Nock
{"title":"Hereditary Spherocytosis: Review of Presentation at Birth.","authors":"Nadine-Stella Achenjang, Elizabeth Jadczak, Rita M Ryan, Mary L Nock","doi":"10.3390/children12091207","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: We wished to raise awareness of Hereditary Spherocytosis (HS) as a potential cause of early and significant hemolytic newborn jaundice. <b>Methods</b>: We utilized three recent cases from our experience to discuss hyperbilirubinemia etiologies to be considered when a baby has hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia, including HS, and presented a review of the literature about this disorder including presentation and evaluation in the neonate. <b>Results</b>: We found that ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is often considered as the etiology for presumed hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia even when the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is negative. When there is a mother-baby ABO mismatch and baby'sDAT is negative, another etiology should be sought. HS should be considered in these cases as the prevalence of HS is as frequent as 1 in 2000 in certain populations, it is the third most common hemolytic disorder after ABO isoimmunization and G6PD deficiency, and it is the most common cause of non-immune hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia in neonates with kernicterus. The indices to look for in the complete blood count that are suggestive for HS are MCHC > 36.5-37 g/dL, an MCHC:MCV ratio (HS Index) > 0.36, and increased RDW. The lack of spherocytes on the newborn peripheral blood smear, family history, initial anemia, and reticulocytosis do not eliminate the diagnosis of HS. <b>Conclusions</b>: HS is common and should be included in the differential diagnosis for hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia. Red blood cell indices can suggest the diagnosis of HS, and eosin 5' maleimide (EMA) testing can be used to make the diagnosis. If DAT-negative ABO HDN is the leading diagnosis for hyperbilirbinemia, a different etiology should urgently be sought.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children-BaselPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.3390/children12091213
Jelena Sabljić, Edita Runjić, Klara Čogelja, Blagoja Markoski, Marijana Barbača, Boris Bačić
{"title":"Risk Factors for Early Neonatal Hypocalcemia in Preterm Neonates Born After 32 Weeks Gestation.","authors":"Jelena Sabljić, Edita Runjić, Klara Čogelja, Blagoja Markoski, Marijana Barbača, Boris Bačić","doi":"10.3390/children12091213","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Early neonatal hypocalcemia is a common metabolic disorder in premature neonates with various risk factors, including perinatal asphyxia and fetal growth restriction (FGR). We aimed to investigate the incidence of early neonatal hypocalcemia in preterm neonates with and without FGR and to explore several maternal and neonatal risk factors for early neonatal hypocalcemia. Cardiotocography (three-tiered fetal heart rate categorization) was a novel risk factor. <b>Materials and methods:</b> This was a secondary analysis of the retrospective, single-center, case-control study of neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between January 2021 and December 2023. The study included 24 neonates with FGR and 124 control neonates without FGR born at 33 to 36 6/7 gestational weeks. <b>Results:</b> Total serum Ca was significantly lower in control neonates (2.042 (SD 0.208)) compared to neonates with FGR (2.178 (SD 0.180)) (<i>p</i> = 0.004), and early neonatal hypocalcemia was significantly higher in control neonates (42.75%) compared to neonates with FGR (4.35%) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). There was no statistical difference in acid base and blood gas analysis between FGR and control (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Logistic regression with the backward method showed that FGR reduces the probability of early neonatal hypocalcemia by 96.3% (t = 9.679, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and cesarean delivery increases it by 2.702 times (t = 6.963, <i>p</i> = 0.004). <b>Conclusions:</b> In this observational study, FGR was found to reduce and cesarean delivery was found to increase the probability of early neonatal hypocalcemia in moderate and late neonates. Clinicians should consider screening neonates born by cesarean delivery for early neonatal hypocalcemia. Three-tiered fetal heart rate categorization and acid base and blood gas analysis upon NICU admission cannot alert neonatologists to early neonatal hypocalcemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children-BaselPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.3390/children12091205
Justin Helman, Mausma Bawa, Sylvia Gugino, Nicole Bradley, Lori Nielsen, Arun Prasath, Clariss Blanco, Mary Divya Kasu, Hamza Abbasi, Munmun Rawat, Praveen Chandrasekharan
{"title":"The Utility of Umbilical Cord Pulse Oximetry-A Translational Study with Four Minutes of Deferred Cord Clamping Using an Asphyxiated Preterm Ovine Model.","authors":"Justin Helman, Mausma Bawa, Sylvia Gugino, Nicole Bradley, Lori Nielsen, Arun Prasath, Clariss Blanco, Mary Divya Kasu, Hamza Abbasi, Munmun Rawat, Praveen Chandrasekharan","doi":"10.3390/children12091205","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Expert guidelines recommend using pulse oximetry (PO) in the delivery room to monitor oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) and heart rate (HR). Umbilical cord pulse oximetry (UCP) is a novel concept that, despite being postductal, could provide accurate measurements of SpO<sub>2</sub> and HR, as it overcomes barriers associated with skin pigmentation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pilot study used NONIN pulse oximetry on an intact umbilical cord that underwent deferred cord clamping (DCC) to evaluate umbilical cord SpO<sub>2</sub> in a preterm asphyxiated ovine model (N of 5) with an HR of <100 bpm. The UCP HR served as a surrogate marker for umbilical vessel flow. A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate UCP parameters with arterial saturations (SaO<sub>2</sub>) and carotid HR between 2 and 10 min.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following asphyxia, five preterm lambs underwent DCC for 4 min. A significant relationship was noted between SaO<sub>2</sub> and umbilical SpO<sub>2</sub> (area under the curve (AUC) of 0.907, CI 0.857-0.968, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) along with carotid and umbilical HR (AUC) of 0.842 (CI 0.663-0.902, <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a translational preterm model, UCP accurately predicted preductal SaO<sub>2</sub> and carotid HR (a surrogate for umbilical flow). Using UCP in the delivery room will help guide supplemental oxygen and determine the optimal duration of clamping the umbilical cord. These proof-of-concept studies/pilot findings require validation with larger animal cohorts and newborn infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children-BaselPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.3390/children12091209
Miguel Saps, Samantha Arrizabalo, Jose M Garza
{"title":"Risk Factors for Transition of Care in Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction: A Narrative Review and Expert Opinion.","authors":"Miguel Saps, Samantha Arrizabalo, Jose M Garza","doi":"10.3390/children12091209","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) have a significant impact on the quality of life of children and families. Forty percent of children with recurrent abdominal pain continue to have symptoms into adulthood. Specialized programs for the transition of adolescents with DGBI to adult care are scarce. There are no widely accepted guidelines for transition of care. Identifying risk factors for persistence of symptoms into adulthood is key to identifying the optimal population that should be part of such programs and guidelines design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A narrative comprehensive review was conducted using predefined keywords to identify risk factors for persistent DGBI in children/adolescents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Female sex, psychological distress, family history of DGBI, and certain comorbidities had stronger evidence for persistence, whereas other risk factors rely on limited data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is suggested that transition programs should focus on adolescents presenting with multiple coexisting risk factors. The program should at least include pediatric and adult neurogastroenterologists, dieticians, psychologists, and social workers. Tertiary prevention through psychological support, school-based programs, and management of anxiety and sleep disturbances may reduce the persistence of symptoms. Prospective studies should refine risk stratification and guide transition strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Oral Health and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Adenoid Hypertrophy.","authors":"Münevver Çoruh Kılıç, Kenan Cantekin, Emre Haylaz, Fahrettin Kalabalık, Korhan Kılıç, Hasan Basri Bircan, Mihriban Güner","doi":"10.3390/children12091206","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH), one of the most common pathologies in children, is a major cause of mouth breathing. Mouth breathing causes dry mouth, which removes the beneficial effects of saliva necessary for oral health. Therefore, an oral microflora favorable to caries is promoted. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the oral health of children diagnosed with AH between the ages of 3 and 14 and to determine the early childhood oral health impact scale. <b>Methods</b>: This descriptive study was conducted between November 2019 and November 2020, involving 16 boys and 14 girls diagnosed with AH at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University. These children, diagnosed with adenoid hypertrophy, were referred to the Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, for the evaluation of their oral health prior to surgery. Oral examinations were performed on the pediatric participants under dental unit light by the same pedodontist, and their demographic data and DMFT/dmft scores were recorded. Data for the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS-T) were obtained from volunteers with communication skills and their parents. SPSS 21.0 software was used in the statistical evaluation of the data. A Chi-square test was used to assess differences between groups. <b>Results</b>: The mean age of the children was 5.9 ± 2.6 years. There was no statistically significant difference between AH grades 2, 3, and 4 in terms of dentition periods, gender, and occlusion (<i>p</i> = 0.177, <i>p</i> = 0.495). The scores of the first nine and last four questions of the ECOHIS-T were found to be higher in children with grade 4 AH (<i>p</i> = 0.011, <i>p</i> = 0.043). The DMFT index was also higher in children with grade 4 AH (<i>p</i> = 0.010). <b>Conclusions</b>: Tooth decay is more prevalent in children with severe adenoid hypertrophy. This condition was also observed to negatively affect their quality of life. Regular check-ups and preventive care are needed to improve the quality of life of these children.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children-BaselPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.3390/children12091211
Samantha Syme, Kelsey Schweiberger, Judy C Chang, Ann Kavanaugh-McHugh, Abdesalam Soudi, Justin T Clapp, Nadine A Kasparian, Robert M Arnold, Kelly W Harris
{"title":"Discussion of the Fetus in Fetal Cardiology Consultations: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Samantha Syme, Kelsey Schweiberger, Judy C Chang, Ann Kavanaugh-McHugh, Abdesalam Soudi, Justin T Clapp, Nadine A Kasparian, Robert M Arnold, Kelly W Harris","doi":"10.3390/children12091211","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12091211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> While prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease is increasingly common, and communication is essential to minimizing familial stress, little is known about how the fetus is discussed in this setting. This study observed how clinicians and families refer to the fetus during initial fetal cardiology consultations. <b>Methods:</b> Initial fetal cardiology consultations from one institution were recorded and transcribed verbatim. A codebook was developed and used to code the transcripts. Codes included any reference to the fetus and any attribution of agency or mental states to the fetus. <b>Results:</b> Nineteen consultations performed by five clinicians from one academic institution were included. Clinicians and families most frequently referred to the fetus using personal terminology (e.g., third-person pronouns, a given name, or \"son\" or \"daughter\"). Impersonal terminology (e.g., \"baby\") was used less frequently, followed by medical terminology (e.g., \"fetus\"), which was only used in two consultations. In about half of the consultations, clinicians conferred agency or mental states on the fetus by attributing actions, emotions, or knowledge to the fetus. <b>Conclusions:</b> Fetal cardiology clinicians primarily use personal terminology when referring to the fetus during initial consultations. Familial preferences need to be evaluated to optimize communication and support.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}