Children-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Network Coordinator Perceptions of Early Childhood Community Systems Building and Development Efforts.","authors":"Tuyet Mai Ha Hoang, Brandie Bentley, Karen V Jenkins, Crystal A Reinhart, Gloria A Sugg, Karen M Tabb","doi":"10.3390/children12060802","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Networks for building and developing community systems to support early childhood rely on the volunteer efforts of organizations and the leadership of coordinators to unite relevant stakeholders. Aims: The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of network coordinators from 10 different communities participating in the All Our Kids Early Childhood Networks (AOK Networks) to identify the successes and barriers involved in implementing effective early childhood systems. <b>Methods</b>: We conducted two focus group interviews with 10 participants who worked as network coordinators in public health district offices. A semi-structured focus group interview guide was used to examine community coordinators' perceptions related to lessons learned with community systems development efforts around early childhood outcomes. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic network analysis was used to analyze all focus group data. <b>Results</b>: Three salient themes were identified from interviews with network coordinators: (1) respective strengths of the AOK Networks system building efforts; (2) challenges for coordinators, such as burnout; and (3) the importance of the networks' role within the community. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study contributes to the existing literature by identifying supportive and hindering factors that impact the implementation process to sustain long-term impact of early child community systems building. The findings can be useful for other ongoing government partnerships and community-based programs that use networks and system building strategies across the US.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Versus Bimanual Training to Improve Upper Limb Function in Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Follow-Ups.","authors":"Gabriel Martin-Moreno, Marta Moreno-Ligero, Alejandro Salazar, David Lucena-Anton, Jose A Moral-Munoz","doi":"10.3390/children12060804","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) and bimanual training (BIT) have been commonly used to improve upper limb (ULF) in paediatric populations. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of CIMT and BIT for the recovery of ULF in youth with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP) in the immediate, short, and long term. <b>Methods</b>: A systematic review with a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) from the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and PEDro databases was conducted. The primary outcomes were the immediate, short-, and long-term effects on ULF, and the secondary outcomes were related to occupational performance and disability. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool by two researchers independently. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3. <b>Results</b>: From the 174 records obtained, 10 RTCs comprising 418 participants were included. Favourable results were observed immediately after intervention for CIMT regarding unimanual ULF using the Quality of Upper Extremity Test (QUEST) (SMD = 1.08; 95% CI = (0.66;1.50)) and Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT) (SMD = -0.62; 95% CI = (-1.23;0.00)). These results were maintained in the short term for the QUEST for dissociated movements (SMD = 1.19; 95% CI = (0.40;1.99)) and in the long term for the JTHFT (SMD = -0.38; 95% CI = (-1;0.24)). Conversely, favourable results were obtained immediately after the intervention for BIT regarding bimanual ULF using the Assisting Hand Assessment (SMD = -0.42; 95% CI = (-0.78-0.05)). <b>Conclusions</b>: CIMT could be more effective for improving unimanual ULF and BIT in youth with unilateral CP. The differences between the interventions decreased in the long term. Nevertheless, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the variability in the intervention programmes. Further research with standardised protocols is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid, Safe, and Tolerable Healing of Pediatric Skin Injuries with Blue Light Therapy: An Observational Case Series.","authors":"Nicolosi Biagio, Bastarelli Eleonora, Gregorini Mirco, Ciprandi Guido","doi":"10.3390/children12060801","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Pediatric skin injuries represent a clinical challenge, especially in cases with complex etiology or with severe pain. Blue light is an emerging technology with potential application in pediatric wound care. The aim of this case series was to describe the clinical use of blue light in pediatric patients with injuries of varying etiologies and mechanisms, and to assess its long-term effectiveness and sustainability in treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve hospitalized pediatric patients (0-12 years old) with skin injuries were included in this case series. The etiologies of wounds treated with photobiomodulation were incontinence-associated dermatitis, peristomal injuries, and pressure injuries. The injuries were assessed using specific classification tools and pain scales. The wounds were treated every three days using a medical device that emits blue light (410-430 nm). When necessary, wounds were also treated with appropriate dressings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All injuries responded positively to photobiomodulation therapy and showed a rapid resolution of inflammation. Complete wound resolution was achieved in 11 of 12 cases. The average healing time was 3.7 days. Four injuries achieved resolution with only one application of blue light. Scores from the pain perception scales showed that the blue light treatment was well tolerated by pediatric patients, showing high parental compliance. No side effects or adverse events were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Blue light photobiomodulation proved to be a safe, well-tolerated, and effective technology in the treatment of pediatric skin injuries, with good acceptance by young patients and families. More structured clinical trials would be needed to validate the efficacy of blue light in pediatric injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Establishment of a Ronald McDonald House on Skin-to-Skin Times in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Stephanie Schaible, Edda Hofstätter, Wanda Lauth, Martin Wald","doi":"10.3390/children12060803","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: Kangaroo care is vital for the development of premature and low-birthweight infants. However, detailed data on skin-to-skin times, especially for extremely preterm infants in NICUs, is lacking. This study quantifies skin-to-skin times for these infants at the neonatology department in Salzburg, considering factors like the COVID-19 pandemic, the opening of Ronald McDonald House, and sibling presence. <b>Methods</b>: We retrospectively analyzed data from the first eight weeks of life of 93 extremely preterm infants (<28 gestational weeks, <1500 g birth weight) treated at the Salzburg NICU from 2019 to 2023. Skin-to-skin times were recorded to the minute. <b>Results</b>: The mean value skin-to-skin time per visiting day was 241 min (±83), skin-to-skin was performed on 79.0% (±16.8) of the days of stay examined. During the pandemic, skin-to-skin care was performed on 64% of visit days, after the pandemic on 91% (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Before the Ronald McDonald House opened, the skin-to-skin time per visiting day was 215 min (±57.9), afterwards it was 273 min (±97) (<i>p</i> = 0.001). For Primipara the Kangaroo-Care time per day of visit was 257 min (±93), for Multipara 217 min (±52) (<i>p</i> = 0.043). <b>Conclusions</b>: Skin-to-skin is crucial for extremely premature infants and can be implemented for many hours a day. It is an integral part of parent-child interaction in a neonatal intensive care unit. External factors such as infrastructure, pandemic restrictions or siblings have a significant impact on skin-to-skin.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological Grade, Tumor Breadth, and Hypertension Predict Early Recurrence in Pediatric Sarcoma: A LASSO-Regularized Micro-Cohort Study.","authors":"Alexander Fiedler, Mehran Dadras, Marius Drysch, Sonja Verena Schmidt, Flemming Puscz, Felix Reinkemeier, Marcus Lehnhardt, Christoph Wallner","doi":"10.3390/children12060806","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Pediatric sarcomas are a biologically diverse group of mesenchymal tumors associated with morbidity due to recurrence, despite aggressive multimodal treatment. Reliable predictors of early recurrence remain limited. This exploratory study aimed to identify clinical features associated with first tumor recurrence using a machine learning approach tailored to low-event settings. <b>Methods</b>: We conducted a retrospective, single-center cohort study of 23 pediatric patients with histologically confirmed sarcoma. Forty-six baseline variables were extracted per patient, including clinical, histological, and comorbidity data. Tumor recurrence was the primary binary endpoint. A LASSO-regularized logistic regression model was developed using leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) to identify the most informative predictors. Dimensionality reduction (PCA) and SHAP-value analyses were used to visualize patient clustering and interpret variable contributions. <b>Results</b>: The model identified a four-variable risk signature comprising histological grade, primary tumor width, arterial hypertension, and extremity localization. Each additional tumor grade or centimeter of width approximately doubled the odds of recurrence (OR 2.18 and 2.04, respectively). Hypertension and limb location were associated with a 1.7 and 1.9 odds ratio of recurrence, respectively. The model achieved a balanced accuracy of 0.61 ± 0.08 and AUROC of 0.47 ± 0.12, reflecting limited discriminative power. PCA mapping revealed distinct outlier patterns correlating with high-risk profiles. <b>Conclusions</b>: Even in a small cohort, classical prognostic markers, such as tumor grade and size, retained predictive relevance, while hypertension emerged as a novel, potentially modifiable cofactor or indicator for recurrence. Although model performance was modest, the findings are hypothesis-generating and warrant validation in larger prospective datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy, Feasibility, and Utility of a Mental Health Consultation Mobile Application in Early Care and Education Programs.","authors":"Ruby Natale, Yue Pan, Yaray Agosto, Carolina Velasquez, Karen Granja, Emperatriz Guzmán Garcia, Jason Jent","doi":"10.3390/children12060800","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Preschool children from low-income, ethnically diverse communities face disproportionate rates of behavioral challenges and early expulsion from early care and education (ECE) programs. This study evaluated the efficacy, feasibility, and utility of Jump Start on the Go (JS Go), a bilingual, AI-enabled mobile application. JS Go is designed to deliver a 14-week early childhood mental health consultation model in under-resourced ECE settings. <b>Methods</b>: This mixed-methods study compared JS Go to the standard in-person Jump Start (JS) program. Participants included 28 teachers and 114 children from six centers (three JS Go, three JS). Quantitative measures assessed teacher classroom practices and child psychosocial outcomes at baseline and post-intervention. App usability and acceptability were only evaluated post-intervention. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted post-intervention with JS Go directors/teachers to assess the app's feasibility for implementing the four program pillars: safety, behavior support, self-care, and communication. <b>Results</b>: JS Go was more effective than JS in promoting teacher classroom practices related to behavior support and resiliency. Both programs were similar in improving children's protective factors and reducing internalizing behaviors, with consistent effects across English and Spanish-speaking children. Teachers rated the JS Go app with high acceptability, though predicted future usage showed greater variability. Rapid qualitative analysis showed that participants found the app easy to use, frequently accessed its resources, and considered it helpful for reinforcing key strategies across the four program pillars. <b>Conclusions</b>: JS Go is a novel approach to providing mental health consultation. It represents a promising mobile adaptation of the established JS consultation model, with important implications for future practice and research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Fundamental Movement Skills and Health-Related Fitness on Physical Activity During Guided Active Play for 8- to 10-Year-Old Children.","authors":"Glory Madu, Victoria Kwong, Dusan Calic, Taylor Cleworth, Angelo Belcastro","doi":"10.3390/children12060805","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Active play has been proposed to complement school-based physical activity (PA) and promote increased movement-related activities relevant for the development of motor competence. Guided active play (GAP) paired with cooperative games provides sufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) to improve motor competence for younger children. Whether guided active play exhibits physical activity outputs that are related to motor competence is uncertain. This study assessed the strength of relationships between play-based physical activity and movement skills by comparing linear regression and chi-square analyses. <b>Methods:</b> Forty-two children (Mage = 8.8 ± 0.8 years) participated in a community center program. PA was measured via accelerometry for GAP, alongside assessments of anthropometrics, fitness (leg power, strength, VO₂max), and FMS (Test of Gross Motor Development-2). Multiple linear regression analysis examined reciprocal relationships. Chi-square and cross-tabulations analyzed categorical variables based on lab percentiles (low < 33%, high > 66%) for PA energy expenditure (PAEE), intensity (MVPA), FMS, and fitness. <b>Results:</b> GAP MVPA and object control skills (OC) showed positive reciprocal pathways (β = 0.308, β = 0.394; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). VO₂max predicted MVPA (β = 0.408; <i>p</i> < 0.01), with leg power related to PAEE (β = 0.456; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01). Chi-square analysis revealed significant associations between high OC skills and high PAEE (X² = 15.12, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), and high individual average scores of OC with high MVPA (X² = 11.90, <i>p</i> < 0.05. The high performance of AP and LP was associated with MVPA and PAEE, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> Findings support a positive feedback loop between MVPA and OC skills for GAP. GAP is an effective strategy for program interventions for children 8 to 10-year old.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Movement Variability and Perceived Motor Competence in Children with High or Low Risk Willingness in a Virtual Playground.","authors":"Lise Storli, Håvard Lorås","doi":"10.3390/children12060796","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current study explores the relationship between children's risk willingness and their motor behavior in a virtual playground setting and its association with perceived gross motor competence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 96 children aged seven to ten participated. They were categorized into high-risk-willingness (HRW) and low-risk-willingness (LRW) groups based on their exploratory behavior and engagement with riskier zones and tasks in the playground. Using whole-body motion capture and virtual reality data, the children's motor behavior and variability were analyzed alongside self-reported perceived gross motor competence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that HRW children displayed significantly greater movement variability, including higher joint movement variability and increased exploration of challenging areas compared to LRW children. HRW children also covered greater distances, moved faster, and exhibited more frequent acceleration changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that higher risk willingness is associated with greater adaptability and flexibility in motor behavior, aligned with the concept of freeing degrees of freedom. In contrast, no significant differences were found in perceived gross motor competence ratings between HRW and LRW groups. This indicates that perceived motor competence may not directly influence children's willingness to take risks or their motor behavior in exploratory play. These findings emphasize the importance of studying dynamic interactions between risk-taking, motor behavior, and self-perception to understand the development of adaptive motor skills through risky play.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADHD Children Take More Time to Inhibit Automatic Responses: A Comparison with Anxiety Disorders Using NEPSY-II.","authors":"Fabiola Panvino, Valerio Zaccaria, Michela Pica, Nunzia Amitrano, Francesco Pisani, Carlo Di Brina","doi":"10.3390/children12060798","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety disorders (AD) are prevalent in childhood and adolescence, often presenting with overlapping symptoms. This study aimed to assess cognitive and executive functions-specifically attention, inhibition, and working memory-in children with ADHD, AD, and comorbid ADHD + AD. It also sought to identify potential neuropsychological markers that differentiate ADHD from AD and ADHD + AD comorbidity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cognitive and executive functions were assessed in a sample of 48 school-age children and adolescents (aged 8-15 years) using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) and the NEPSY-II battery. The MASC 2 self-report questionnaire was also used to assess anxiety symptoms. The participants were divided into three groups based on clinical diagnoses: ADHD, AD, and ADHD + AD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant group differences emerged in cognitive performance, attention, or working memory. Significant differences emerged in inhibition performance, with children in the AD group demonstrating more efficient inhibition compared to both the ADHD and ADHD + AD groups. Children with ADHD showed longer response times. Better performance on inhibition tasks was associated with more severe anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that anxiety may modulate specific aspects of executive functioning during tasks requiring attentional and inhibitory control. However, the complex interaction between ADHD and anxiety requires further investigation. This study underscores the importance of distinguishing ADHD from AD based on cognitive and executive profiles, particularly inhibition. In this context, it supports the routine use of the NEPSY-II in combination with the MASC 2 questionnaire to facilitate differential diagnosis in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Many Faces of Child Abuse: How Clinical, Genetic and Epigenetic Correlates Help Us See the Full Picture.","authors":"Enrico Parano, Vito Pavone, Martino Ruggieri, Iside Castagnola, Giuseppe Ettore, Gaia Fusto, Roberta Rizzo, Piero Pavone","doi":"10.3390/children12060797","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12060797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Child abuse is a pervasive global issue with significant implications for the physical, emotional, and psychological well-being of victims. This review highlights the clinical, molecular, and therapeutic dimensions of child abuse, emphasizing its long-term impact and the need for interdisciplinary approaches. Early exposure to abuse activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to chronic cortisol release and subsequent neuroplastic changes in brain regions such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. These molecular alterations, including epigenetic modifications and inflammatory responses, contribute to the heightened risk of psychiatric disorders and chronic illnesses in survivors. Clinically, child abuse presents with diverse manifestations ranging from physical injuries to psychological and developmental disorders, making timely diagnosis challenging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multidisciplinary approach involving thorough clinical evaluation, detailed histories, and collaboration with child protection services is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recent advances in molecular biology have identified biomarkers, such as stress-related hormones and epigenetic changes, which provide novel insights into the physiological impact of abuse and potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Current treatment strategies prioritize the child's safety, psychological well-being, and prevention of further abuse. Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy and family-centered interventions are pivotal in promoting recovery and resilience.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Emerging research focuses on integrating molecular findings with clinical practice, utilizing digital health tools, and leveraging big data to develop predictive models and personalized treatments. Interdisciplinary collaboration remains crucial to translating research into policy and practice, ultimately aiming to mitigate the impact of child abuse and improve outcomes for survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}