Children-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Affective Touch in Preterm Infant Development: Neurobiological Mechanisms and Implications for Child-Caregiver Attachment and Neonatal Care.","authors":"Valentina Lucia La Rosa, Alessandra Geraci, Alice Iacono, Elena Commodari","doi":"10.3390/children11111407","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Affective touch is crucial in infant development, particularly in regulating emotional, cognitive, and physiological processes. Preterm infants are often deprived of essential tactile stimulation owing to their early exposure to the external environment, which may affect long-term developmental outcomes. This review aimed to examine the neurobiological mechanisms of affective touch and highlight effective interventions, such as skin-to-skin contact (SSC) and kangaroo care (KC), to promote development in preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review summarizes recent studies in the literature on affective touch, the role of C-tactile fibers, and the effects of tactile interventions in neonatal care. Studies were selected based on their relevance to the care and development of preterm infants, with a focus on physiological and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Key interventions, including SSC and massage therapy, are discussed in relation to their effectiveness in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results suggest that affective touch, mainly through activation of tactile C-fibers, improves caregiver-infant bonding, reduces stress responses, and supports neurodevelopment in preterm infants. Interventions such as SSC and KC have also been shown to improve physiological regulation in these infants, including heart rate, breathing, and temperature control while promoting emotional regulation and cognitive development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Affective touch is a key component of early development, particularly in preterm infants admitted to the NICU. Integrating tactile interventions such as SSC and KC into neonatal care practices may significantly improve long-term developmental outcomes. Future research should explore the epigenetic mechanisms underlying affective touch and further refine tactile interventions to optimize neonatal care.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Asonitou, K.; Koutsouki, D. PASS Theory and Movement Disorders: Methodology for Assessment and Intervention. <i>Children</i> 2024, <i>11</i>, 1192.","authors":"Katerina Asonitou, Dimitra Koutsouki","doi":"10.3390/children11111406","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the original publication [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Media Device Use and Vision Disorders in the Pediatric Age: The State of the Art.","authors":"Elena Bozzola, Mariangela Irrera, Romie Hellmann, Salvatore Crugliano, Michele Fortunato","doi":"10.3390/children11111408","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Evidence is consistent with increased screen viewing time among children and adolescents, and anticipation at the age at which children interact with media devices. Incorrect use of technology, as well as overuse, may lead to serious consequences. This study aims to revise scientific international literature and to describe the potential eye risks correlated to screen viewing time in the pediatric age.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A review of the literature was performed according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, using the search terms \"media device\" and \"eye\" with the filter \"age 0-18\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyzing the international literature, we found 26 articles. Pre-myopia, myopia, digital eye strain, and acute acquired comitant esotropia were listed as potential and time-related consequences associated with the incorrect use of media devices among children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Family education on media device exposure and potential risk for children and adolescents' sight in case of prolonged digital/screen exposure is required. During pediatric check controls, a dialogue with families on prolonged media device use at a close distance should be undertaken. Pediatricians and ophthalmologists should consider screen viewing time in case of ocular problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity and Lifestyle Behaviors in Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Alexandre Aparecido de Almeida, Matias Noll","doi":"10.3390/children11111403","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A sedentary lifestyle, unfavorable body composition, and low muscle strength are strong predictors of morbidity and mortality and an independent determinant contributing to the development of many chronic diseases [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Hirschsprung's Disease: A Survey with Brazilian Pediatric Surgeons.","authors":"Cesar Saul Quevedo Penaloza, Alana Carnevale Barreto, Erika Veruska Paiva Ortolan, Augusto Zani, Pedro Luiz Toledo de Arruda Lourenção","doi":"10.3390/children11111405","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is a congenital malformation of the enteric nervous system clinically manifested by intestinal obstruction in the neonatal period or severe constipation in childhood. Several surveys on HD have been conducted to evaluate experiences in its management around the world. For the first time in Brazil, we analyze and report the management patterns of HD among pediatric surgeons in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A validated questionnaire was disseminated in print at the Congress of Pediatric Surgery in São Paulo-Brazil, and an online version was sent to all the active members of the Brazilian and Paulista Institute of Pediatric Surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 361 pediatric surgeons answered the survey. Of these, 329 completed all questions (response rate: 91%). Most Brazilian services treat fewer than 10 cases of HD annually. The preferred diagnostic method was rectal biopsy. For newborns (NBs) and infants, open biopsy was the most commonly used technique. For NBs with HD clinically stable 50% of specialists chose immediate surgery. In NBs and infants with classic HD, the Soave technique (69%) is the most common surgical intervention, and the transanal route (80%) is the preferred surgical approach. In children over 3 years of age with classic HD, the most-used technique is the Duhamel method (54%), with the open approach being the most common (52%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study in Brazil found that HD patient management aligns with scientific evidence and international guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aquatic Therapy in Children and Adolescents with Disabilities: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Anna Ogonowska-Slodownik, Oliwia Jakobowicz, Lyndsay Alexander, Andresa R Marinho-Buzelli, Catherine Devion, Natalia Morgulec-Adamowicz","doi":"10.3390/children11111404","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, around 1 in 10 children aged 0-17 years have moderate-to-severe disabilities. The aquatic environment provides hydrostatic and hydrodynamic characteristics that make exercise and therapy feasible for children and adolescents with disabilities. The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to the use of aquatic therapy in children and adolescents with disabilities. The eligibility criteria were as follows: participants-children and/or adolescents with disabilities aged from 6 to 18 years old; concept-aquatic therapy interventions; context-any available setting. The databases searched included MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED, Eric, Scopus, Web of Science, Epistemonikos, and one register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. In total, 52 reports met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies included children/adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; 46.7%)-442 participants in 21 studies in total. The majority of interventions were based on aquatic exercise (35%). Most often, interventions were conducted for 8 weeks, with 2 sessions a week lasting 60 min. The most common type of intervention for children and adolescents with ASD and Down syndrome was swimming. Participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, neuromuscular disorders, and cerebral palsy were more often treated with aquatic exercises. This scoping review could guide practitioners, clinicians, and researchers on what type, setting, and content of aquatic therapy interventions, including exercise types, intervention duration, number of sessions, frequency, facility, and provider, are used with children and adolescents with disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival Analysis of Prefabricated Zirconia Crowns with and Without Pulpotomy in Primary Teeth: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Murad Alrashdi","doi":"10.3390/children11111402","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prefabricated Zirconia Crowns (PZCs) are increasingly preferred for restoring primary teeth due to their esthetic appeal and retention. However, their rigid, unmodifiable design requires precise tooth preparation, often leading to aggressive reduction and potential pulp exposure. Pulpotomy, a standard treatment for reversible pulpitis and mechanical pulp exposure, is sometimes employed before PZCs. While pulpotomy is not routinely performed, its use raises important considerations about the interplay between restorative procedures and pulp therapy in pediatric dentistry, particularly regarding the long-term restoration outcomes of PZCs.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the impact of pulpotomy on the success rate of PZCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined 81 anterior upper primary teeth treated with PZCs in children aged 2-5 years over a two-year period. Cases were divided into groups with and without pulpotomy. Follow-ups occurred at 6-month intervals, assessing clinical and radiographic outcomes. Analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0 software. The statistical significance was <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 81 anterior primary teeth were included. Chi-square analysis showed no association between pulp therapy and PZC success (χ² = 0.051, <i>p</i> = 0.822). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed comparable survival curves and the log-rank test showed no statistically significant difference in survival time between pulpotomy-treated and untreated groups (χ² = 0.051, <i>p</i> = 0.821).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pulpotomy did not significantly affect the success rate of PZCs within 2 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive Functions and Special Educational Needs and Their Relationship with School-Age Learning Difficulties.","authors":"Juan Manuel Núñez, Ana Soto-Rubio, Marián Pérez-Marín","doi":"10.3390/children11111398","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The relationship between executive functions, special educational needs (SEN), and learning difficulties in school-aged children is critical for developing effective educational interventions. This study explores the connection between executive functions and SEN in primary school students, examining differences in executive function profiles between those with and without SEN and their impact on learning difficulties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 123 primary school students aged 6 to 12 and their teachers and parents participated in this study. The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-2) and the Prediscal test were used to assess difficulties in reading and mathematics, and sociodemographic and clinical data were collected through ad hoc records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that students with SEN exhibited significantly more affected executive function profiles compared to their peers without SEN in both family and school contexts, highlighting areas such as cognitive flexibility, initiative, working memory, planning and organisation, task supervision, and material organisation. Additionally, significant negative correlations were found between executive functions and performance in reading and mathematics, suggesting that deficits in executive functions are strongly associated with SEN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the critical role of executive functions in understanding and addressing SEN and learning difficulties, emphasising the need for comprehensive assessment programmes and early intervention targeting executive function deficits to support the academic and overall development of students with SEN.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives and Challenges of Telemedicine and Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Dermatology.","authors":"Daniele Zama, Andrea Borghesi, Alice Ranieri, Elisa Manieri, Luca Pierantoni, Laura Andreozzi, Arianna Dondi, Iria Neri, Marcello Lanari, Roberta Calegari","doi":"10.3390/children11111401","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric dermatology represents one of the most underserved subspecialties in pediatrics. Artificial intelligence (AI) and telemedicine have become considerable in dermatology, reaching diagnostic accuracy comparable to or exceeding that of in-person visits. This work aims to review the current state of telemedicine and AI in pediatric dermatology, suggesting potential ways to address existing issues and challenges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a literature review including only articles published in the last 15 years. A total of 458 studies were identified, of which only 76 were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the studies on telemedicine evaluate accuracy focused on concordance, which ranges from 70% to 89% for the most common pediatric skin diseases. Telemedicine showed the potential to manage chronic dermatological conditions in children, as well as decrease waiting times, and represents the chance for unprivileged populations to overcome barriers limiting access to medical care. The main limitations of telemedicine consist of the language barrier and the need for adequate technologies and acceptable image-quality video, which can be overcome by AI. AI-driven apps and platforms can facilitate remote consultations between pediatric dermatologists and patients or their caregivers. However, the integration of AI into clinical practice faces some challenges ranging from technical to ethical and regulatory. It is crucial to ensure that the development, deployment, and utilization of AI systems conform to the seven fundamental requirements for trustworthy AI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study supplies a detailed discussion of open challenges with a particular focus on equity and ethical considerations and defining possible concrete directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Etiology of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in Children Residing in Konya Province and Surrounding Areas, Türkiye.","authors":"Aslı Seloğlu, Firdevs Kahvecioğlu","doi":"10.3390/children11111399","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11111399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>According to the literature, hypomineralization of molars and incisors is a multifactorial condition that depends on both genetic and environmental factors. This study aims to diagnose Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) cases with a new index that better defines the defect and to contribute to the literature by identifying possible etiological factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research was conducted with children aged 8-11 years old and their parents from Konya province and surrounding provinces. While children who were diagnosed with MIH as a result of the examination constituted the study group, children with no findings of MIH during intraoral examination were included in the control group. Between February and October 2020, 104 patients for the study group and 104 patients for the control group were reached, and a survey was administered to a total of 208 parents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Asthma, pneumonia, lower respiratory tract infections, diarrhea, a fever, and febrile convulsions between the ages of 0-4 have been found to be related to MIH (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The association between medical diseases in children and enamel defect formation draws attention to the importance of pediatricians in the early diagnosis of MIH cases. Pediatricians can be very helpful in informing parents of children with health problems about possible dental defects and referring them to a pediatric dentist.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}