Children-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Predictive Factors of Persistent Growth Hormone Deficiency and Impact on Final Height.","authors":"Flavia Urbano, Mariangela Chiarito, Luigi Antonio Moscogiuri, Crescenza Lattanzio, Rossella Vitale, Orazio Valerio Giannico, Gabriele Annesi, Clara Zecchino, Maria Felicia Faienza","doi":"10.3390/children12030324","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Recombinant growth hormone (rhGH) treatment plays an important role in the transition phase in those subjects diagnosed as having persistent growth hormone deficiency (GHD). We aimed to identify the main predictors of persistent GHD in a large cohort of subjects with childhood-onset GHD who underwent retesting and their correlation with height gain and mid-parental height (MPH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anthropometric data, such as growth rate; bone age (BA); IGF-1 SDS at the start, at 1 year, and at the end of rhGH therapy; GH peak at diagnosis and at retesting; brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at diagnosis; and height gain upon reaching final height (FH) and compared to MPH, were obtained from medical records of GHD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Persistent GHD was detected in 37 out of 91 (40.7%) GHD subjects. In univariate analysis, persistent GHD was associated with growth rate at 1 year (<i>p</i> = 0.0117) and with the first test GH peak (<i>p</i> = 0.0290). In the regression analysis, persistent GHD was positively associated with growth rate at 1 year (<i>p</i> = 0.0294) and negatively with female gender (<i>p</i> = 0.0424). Height gain was positively associated with growth rate (<i>p</i> = 0.0010) and with age at onset (<i>p</i> = 0.0021), while an inverse association with BA at baseline (<i>p</i> = 0.0002) and IGF-1 SDS (<i>p</i> = 0.0321) was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study confirmed that the most important predictor of persistent GHD is the growth rate in the first year of therapy. Furthermore, growth rate in the first year, female gender, and lower BA at diagnosis are predictors of rhGH efficacy both in terms of height gain and target height achievement.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation and Validation of the Serbian Version of Dyslexia Screening Test-Junior.","authors":"Tanja Lukovac, Vitomir Jovanović, Svetlana Petronijević, Jovana Radović, Neda Milošević Dedakin, Tatjana Savić, Dragan Pavlović","doi":"10.3390/children12030322","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Dyslexia, a prevalent reading disorder, substantially affects children's educational and social development. Early diagnosis is essential for timely intervention; however, Serbia lacks a standardized instrument for assessing dyslexia in primary school children. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and predictive validity of the Dyslexia Screening Test-Junior (DST-J), which was adapted for the Serbian language and cultural context. <b>Methods</b>: The study sample comprised 647 children from the general population, aged 6 years and 6 months to 11 years and 5 months, along with 30 children of comparable age exhibiting reading difficulties. The assessment of validity was based on the at-risk quotient, predictive validity, and test-retest reliability. <b>Results</b>: Significant differences in at-risk quotient (ARQ) scores were found between children with and without dyslexia (t = 14.90, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with boys, particularly those aged 9.6 to 10.5 years, having higher risk scores than girls. Internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's α = 0.704), and construct validity was confirmed by correlations with external measures, which explained 44% of the variance (R² = 0.44; <i>p</i> < 0.01). Predictive validity was high for key subtests such as rapid naming and phonemic segmentation, reaching maximum accuracy (sensitivity and specificity = 1). <b>Conclusions</b>: The findings indicate that the adapted DST-J is effective in identifying dyslexia risk among Serbian primary school children. The innovation of this study lies in the cultural adaptation of the DST-J, with future research directed towards refining this instrument and exploring additional diagnostic criteria to enhance its accuracy and inclusivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation and Gender Disparities in Children with Excessive Body Weight in a Southern European Municipality.","authors":"Ana C Lourenço, Helena G Nogueira, Daniela Rodrigues, Augusta Gama, Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues, Maria Raquel G Silva, Cristina Padez","doi":"10.3390/children12030321","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Previous research has indicated that gender differences exist in the relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic (SE) deprivation and childhood excessive body weight. However, none of these studies were conducted in a metropolitan area of southern Europe. This study aims to investigate whether the association between neighborhood SE deprivation and childhood excessive body weight in the capital of the Porto Metropolitan Area is influenced by gender.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised 832 children (434 girls) aged between 3 and 10 years. Weight and height measurements were taken objectively, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The International Obesity Task Force cutoffs were used to identify the children with excessive body weight. Neighborhood SE deprivation was measured using the 2011 Portuguese version of the European Deprivation Index. Logistic regression models were applied for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 27.8% of the participating children had excessive body weight. The prevalence of excessive body weight was higher in the neighborhoods characterized by high SE deprivation compared to those with low SE deprivation (34.4% vs. 23.1%). In a multivariable analysis, the girls living in high SE deprivation neighborhoods had a 90% higher risk of excessive body weight compared to the girls in low SE deprivation neighborhoods (OR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.05-3.44; <i>p</i> = 0.035). No significant association was observed between neighborhood SE deprivation and body weight in the boys.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate that neighborhood SE deprivation substantially increases the risk of excessive body weight, particularly among girls. Therefore, prevention and intervention strategies aimed at addressing excessive body weight gain should specifically target the populations and areas that are at a higher risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Hand Grip and Pinch Strengths in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Olfat Ibrahim Ali, Hassan Izzeddin Sarsak, Malak Mohammed Tarshi, Manar Marji, Shmookh Turki Aljohani, Maryam Nayef Badawood, Mawda Mohammed Bamusallam, Khawla Alharbi, Zizi M Ibrahim, Bodor Bin Sheeha, Wafaa Mahmoud Amin","doi":"10.3390/children12030320","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/objective:</b> Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are recognized to experience challenges with muscle function. However, there is a lack of knowledge about muscle and hand grip strength in autism. Therefore, the study aims to assess the handgrip and pinch strength of ASD and typical children. <b>Material and method:</b> This study enrolled 45 participants of both sexes, 27 males and 18 females, aged 6-12 years old; 24 (13 females and 11 males) were typically developing children and 21 (5 females and 16 males) had ASD. The outcome measures were hand grip and pinch strength, with the handheld dynamometer assessing handgrip strength and the hydraulic pinch gauge evaluating pinch grip. The hydraulic pinch gauge measured the pinch strengths of the key, tripod, and pulp grips. Both groups were assessed on both their dominant and non-dominant sides. <b>Result:</b> A comparison of the ASD group with the control group revealed that children with ASD exhibited lower values of the hand grip, key pinch, tripod pinch, and pulp pinch strengths for both hands (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> The hand and pinch strengths of ASD children are lower than those of typically developing children. Therefore, the evaluation process for children with ASD should include hand and pinch strengths as a standard component. Furthermore, the rehabilitation program for ASD should prioritize enhancing hand strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Visceral Fat as a Screening Marker for Cardiometabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Xia Wang, Hong Cheng, Jingfan Xiong, Junting Liu, Hongbo Dong, Liwan Fu, Xiangjun Xie, Xinying Shan, Xiaoyuan Zhao, Yinkun Yan, Pei Xiao, Jie Mi","doi":"10.3390/children12030308","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To establish and validate age- and sex-specific visceral fat area (VFA) cutoff values for the effective identification of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in children and adolescents. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study involving 8133 participants was conducted to derive age- and sex-specific VFA cutoffs, which were validated in a longitudinal cohort comprising 10,805 individuals. The predictive performance of the derived VFA cutoffs for CMR was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Additionally, logistic regression models were utilized to calculate the relative risk (RR) of CMR associated with elevated VFA levels. <b>Results:</b> The 75th percentile of the VFA was identified as the optimal cutoff for screening for hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and CMR clustering in boys. In girls, the 75th percentile was optimal for screening hypertension, dyslipidemia, and CMR clustering, while the 80th percentile proved best for hyperglycemia. No significant difference in predicative performance was observed between the optimal and simplified VFA cutoffs. Longitudinal validation demonstrated that individuals exceeding the VFA cutoff had a significantly higher risk for CMR, with RRs ranging from 1.33 to 3.89 (all <i>p</i> < 0.001) for boys and from 1.63 to 3.16 (all <i>p</i> < 0.001) for girls. Notably, normal-weight boys with VFA above the cutoff had a significantly higher CMR risk compared to their peers in other weight status categories. <b>Conclusions:</b> Both the optimal and simplified VFA cutoffs are robust tools for screening CMR in Chinese children and adolescents, with significant implications for early intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal Renal Vein Thrombosis.","authors":"Petya Markova, Ivanka Paskaleva, Stoyan Markov, Mariya Neshterova","doi":"10.3390/children12030319","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The neonatal period has a number of characteristics leading to an increased risk of severe and, in many cases, life-threatening complications. Renal venous thrombosis is one of them. It accounts for 16-20% of all thromboembolisms in the neonatal period. Due to the delicate balance in coagulation status in the first days after birth, conditions such as infections, hypoxia, hypotension, and dehydration can lead to the occurrence of this complication. The incidence of renal thrombosis is 2.2/100,000 live births, with cases of intrauterine renal thrombosis being even rarer (7% of cases). The diagnosis of the disease is usually performed using ultrasound examination and Doppler sonography, although contrast angiography is the gold standard for diagnosing these conditions. <b>Case presentation:</b> We present a clinical case of a male child with manifestations of diabetic fetopathy and prenatally occurring venous thrombosis of the right kidney, confirmed by ultrasound 2 h after birth. <b>Results:</b> The occurrence and evolution of venous thrombosis was monitored through a series of ultrasound examinations. Despite the restoration of renal blood flow after the initiation of therapy, long-term follow-up at 6 and 12 months revealed the onset of renal atrophy. <b>Conclusions:</b> Prenatal renal vein thrombosis is a rare but severe pathology for the newborns. Ultrasound examination is the method of first choice in cases of suspected renal vein thrombosis, as well as for renal blood flow restoration and for the monitoring of the fate of the affected kidney.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Sánchez-Tena et al. Effectiveness of a Spectacle Lens with a Specific Asymmetric Myopic Peripheral Defocus: 12-Month Results in a Spanish Population. <i>Children</i> 2024, <i>11</i>, 177.","authors":"Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Tena, Jose Miguel Cleva, Cesar Villa-Collar, Marta Álvarez, Alicia Ruiz-Pomeda, Clara Martinez-Perez, Cristina Andreu-Vazquez, Eva Chamorro, Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina","doi":"10.3390/children12030311","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There was an error in the original publication for the abstract [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Pulmonary Function in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Şeyda Doğantan, Sema Nur Taşkın, Cansu Yılmaz Yeğit, Ali Özdemir","doi":"10.3390/children12030309","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by joint inflammation, potentially leading to pulmonary involvement. This study aimed to assess pulmonary function in children with JIA compared to controls and identify potential respiratory abnormalities associated with the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Pediatric Rheumatology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye, between July and October 2024. The study included 70 children with JIA and 60 healthy controls aged 6 to 17. Pulmonary function test parameters, such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and FEV1/FVC ratio, were measured using spirometry. Oxygen saturation (SpO₂) was also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between the JIA and control groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). FVC and FEV1 values were lower in the JIA group, though not significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.831 and <i>p</i> = 0.711). However, PEF was significantly lower in the JIA group than controls (<i>p</i> = 0.005). Children with moderate or high disease activity had significantly lower FVC, FEV1, and FEF 25-75 than those with low disease activity (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Enthesitis-related arthritis patients had higher FVC and FEV1 than other JIA subtypes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). FVC and FEV1 were positively correlated with BMI (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although PEF values were significantly lower in children with JIA, overall pulmonary function was comparable between the groups. Regular pulmonary monitoring in JIA patients is recommended for early detection and management of respiratory complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the Healthcare System with a Complex Chronic Condition: Multidimensional Roles of Adolescents, Young Adults, and Parents.","authors":"Allison F Wise, Emily J Upham, Danielle D DeCourcey","doi":"10.3390/children12030318","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objective: </strong>Adolescents and young adults with complex chronic conditions and parents of children with complex chronic conditions interact frequently with the healthcare system. However, these groups have unique characteristics and needs. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore and compare the roles that adolescents and young adults with complex chronic conditions and parents of children with complex chronic conditions take on when engaging with the healthcare system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven adolescents and young adults and nine parents at two pediatric centers from December 2018 to April 2019. The research team conducted thematic analysis. Transcripts were coded independently by two coders, achieving high interrater reliability (kappa > 0.85). We present findings related to illness experience and self-described roles within the healthcare context.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Informational roles described by both parents and adolescents and young adults included teacher, learner and researcher, and planner. Social-emotional roles common to both groups included source of strength, support, and hope and worrier, while the role of guardian was unique to parents. Action-oriented roles described by both groups included advocate, decision-maker, and communicator, while medical care provider was unique to parents and medical care manager was unique to adolescents and young adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents and young adults with complex chronic conditions and parents of children with complex chronic conditions balance similarly complex roles within the medical system. However, their experiences within these roles can differ, presenting unique challenges. Understanding these multidimensional roles will better equip healthcare providers to support these patients and families, especially around times of healthcare transition.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal Outcomes of Mothers with Syphilis During Pregnancy: A Retrospective Single Center Experience.","authors":"Danilo Buonsenso, Francesca Raffaelli, Anna Camporesi, Barbara Fiori, Rosalba Ricci, Lucio Romano, Marco De Santis, Giovanni Vento, Carlo Torti, Enrica Tamburrini, Piero Valentini","doi":"10.3390/children12030307","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children12030307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Syphilis during pregnancy can be easily missed with potential severe outcomes of the newborns, including congenital syphilis (CS). We report the neonatal outcomes of a cohort of mothers with syphilis during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a retrospective cohort study in a referral university hospital in Rome, enrolling mother/newborn couples followed up from 2016 to 2023 by a multidisciplinary team including infectious disease specialists, obstetricians, microbiologists, neonatologists and pediatricians. Primary outcome was the assessment of risk factors for development of congenital syphilis (CS) in the newborns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-three pregnant women (median age 34, IQR 29-37 years) with documented syphilis in pregnancy have been included in this study. 50/52 (96.2%) were treated during pregnancy, and forty of them (80%) received adequate treatment. Fifty-three newborns were born from mothers with syphilis during pregnancy (female 25/48, 52.1%). Four newborns were classified as CS (7.5%), and two newborns as probable CS (3.8%). Newborns with CS were born more frequently from mothers treated inadequately (<i>p</i> 0.02), had higher probability of neonatal intensive care unit admission (<i>p</i> < 0.001), had a higher Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) titer (<i>p</i> 0.076), higher ALT (<i>p</i> 0.005). Univariate logistic regression conducted on the development of CS showed an adequate treatment as a protective factor (OR 0.03; 95% CI: 0.002; 0.31; <i>p</i> = 0.002), while later weeks of pregnancy for the beginning of treatment as a risk factor (OR 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02; 1.51; <i>p</i> = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Syphilis still represents a potential problem for women of childbearing age and their newborns, even in a high-income setting, making congenital syphilis far from being eradicated in Italy. Moreover, adequate and early treatment should be provided to avoid negative consequences to the newborns.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}