Archives of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Primary care quality of primary healthcare institutions in china: current status and influencing factors.","authors":"Kexin Zhan, Chuchuan Wan, Ennan Wang, Yuankai Huang","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01663-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01663-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to assess the current state of primary care quality within Primary Healthcare Institutions (PHIs) in China and analyze potential factors that may influence the quality of primary care provided.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Employing convenience sampling, this research utilized the Chinese Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT-C) to gather cross-sectional data on patients' experiences with primary care during visits to PHIs across the country. A multivariate linear regression model was established to discuss the effects of various factors on the quality of primary care at PHIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study encompassed 2,063 valid cases, with an overall PCAT score of 71.31 (SD = 11). Among the different dimensions, the average score for the Comprehensiveness dimension was the highest at 77.78 ± 15.83, followed by Continuity (75.81 ± 10.68), Family-centered (75.67 ± 17.69), First Contact (69.46 ± 10.36), Coordination (69.39 ± 16.84), and the Community-orientation dimension with the lowest average score at 59.75 ± 16.93. The regression analysis (R² = 0.0437, p < 0.000) indicated that the patient's area(Eastern, Middle or Western) (p < 0.001), region(Urban or Rural)(p = 0.026), presence of adult children (p = 0.008), working status (p = 0.003), family annual income (p = 0.007), participation in commercial medical insurance (p = 0.001), seeking medical attention for illness was sought (p = 0.014), the number of hospital beds per 10,000 population (p = 0.007), and per capita health expenditure as a percentage of GDP per capita (p = 0.021) significantly impact the quality of primary care at PHIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The quality of primary care for PHIs in China is still low and is affected by both micro and macro factors. The quality of primary care at PHIs in China is still relatively low, particularly in the Community-orientation dimension. Apart from being influenced by microscopic factors, the quality of primary care at PHIs is also affected by macro factors such as overall health expenditure and economic status. It is recommended that efforts be made to enhance the equity of the medical and health resource allocation mechanism, thereby promoting balanced regional development.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building linkages between private pharmacies and public facilities to improve diabetes and hypertension care in urban areas of Nepal: a protocol for implementation research.","authors":"Grishu Shrestha, Deepak Joshi, Helen Elsey, Abhigyna Bhattarai, Parash Mani Sapkota, Bassey Ebenso, Raju Raman Neupane, Bryony Dawkins, Sampurna Kakchapati, Sujan Poudel, Shreeman Sharma, Abriti Arjyal, Sushil Chandra Baral","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01586-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01586-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rapid urbanization is accelerating in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which impacts health behaviors and contributes to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes and hypertension. As primary care services are overstretched, urban residents rely on pharmacies, creating an urgent need to implement evidence-based approaches such as the World Health Organization's Package of Essential Non-communicable Diseases (PEN) to reach low-income households at risk of hypertension and diabetes. This study aims to identify the facilitators and barriers to the adoption, implementation, and long-term delivery of strategies to link pharmacies with public facilities in Pokhara Metropolitan City Nepal, to improve diabetes and hypertension prevention and management among poor urban populations.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>This study uses a sequential mixed-method design within the RE-AIM framework. Data from client surveys will assess the costs and effectiveness of system linkages and interventions in improving diabetes and hypertension screening, management, and referral. Data will be collected at four time points from at least 20 clients per pharmacy and public health facility at baseline, midline, and endline and, to assess maintenance of delivery, post endline. During each time point, repeat questionnaires will be used to assess clients' adherence to lifestyle and referral advice. The quantitative data will be analyzed via descriptive statistics and logistic regression models to identify factors associated with change in major outcomes. Qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with health workers at pharmacies, clients, and public health facility staff will be analyzed via thematic analysis to identify barriers to and facilitators of intervention adoption, implementation, and sustainability. Endline and post-endline surveys will replicate baseline methods to evaluate intervention impact.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study will provide insights into how private pharmacies can be linked to the public health system to provide appropriate, quality services for diabetes and hypertension within the context of a pluralistic urban health system. Using the RE-AIM framework will enable assessment across implementation domains, providing valuable insights for local governments and health systems within Nepal. Given the rapid urbanization and increasing prevalence of NCDs, which characterize the majority of LMICs, our study contributes to the understanding of how to implement such strategies to meet the needs of the urban poor in other similar contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there a relationship between the route of HIV transmission and cognitive performance in older individuals living with HIV?","authors":"Francesco Salis, Maristella Belfiori, Francesco Ortu, Paola Piano, Stefano Del Giacco, Antonella Mandas","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01657-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01657-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>- HIV-related neurocognitive disorders are a growing public health issue, especially in older people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between cognitive performance and route of HIV transmission in an older group of PLWHA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>- In this cross-sectional study, conducted between November 2022 and July 2023, we enrolled PLWHA aged 50 years or older, treated with highly active anti-retroviral therapy, and with a low/undetectable viral load. Cognitive assessment was performed with HIV Dementia Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 268 subjects were enrolled. Cognitive impairment was present in 20.9% of the participants. According to a logistic model, people who contracted HIV through sexual transmission had 74% lower odds of cognitive impairment compared to those who contracted HIV through intravenous substance use (OR: 0.26, 95%CI 0.12-0.56). The adjustment for confounders confirmed lower odds for sexual transmission (OR: 0.27, 95%CI 0.12-0.60).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The route of HIV transmission is potentially associated with cognitive impairment in PLWHA, with patients infected via intravenous substance use being at higher risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequalities in contraceptive prevalence among married women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone, 2008-2019.","authors":"Augustus Osborne, Camilla Bangura, Umaru Sesay","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01653-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01653-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Family planning, through access to safe and effective contraception, empowers women to make informed choices about their reproductive health. It is crucial in reducing unintended pregnancies, maternal mortality, and improving overall well-being. However, achieving equitable access to contraception remains a challenge in many low- and middle-income countries, including Sierra Leone. This study investigated the inequalities in contraceptive prevalence among married women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in Sierra Leone in 2008, 2013 and 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed time-trend study design utilizing data from three rounds of the Sierra Leone Demographic Health Survey conducted in 2008, 2013, and 2019. The health equity assessment toolkit software, developed by the World Health Organisation, was utilised to calculate various inequality measures. These include simple measures such as difference and ratio, as well as complex measures such as population attributable risk and fraction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of contraceptive use among reproductive-aged married women in Sierra Leone increased from 8.2% in 2008 to 21.2% in 2019. The inequality in married women's age in contraceptive prevalence between older and younger women decreased slightly from 7.5 percentage points in 2008 to 7.2 percentage points in 2019. The ratio also decreased, indicating a narrowing gap in contraceptive prevalence between the age groups over time. Inequality in economic status in contraceptive prevalence between married women in the richest and poorest wealth index decreased from 15.7 percentage points in 2008 to 9.9 percentage points in 2019. The population attributable fraction and population attributable risk decreased notably, suggesting that economic status became less of a determinant factor in contraceptive prevalence over time. The educational inequality in contraceptive prevalence between married women with secondary or higher education and those with no education experienced a decline from 16.5 percentage points in 2008 to 12.6 percentage points in 2019. Place of residence inequality in contraceptive prevalence between married women in urban and rural areas decreased from 11.2 percentage points in 2008 to 7.4 percentage points in 2019. Provincial inequality in contraceptive prevalence between married women in the Western area and Northwestern province decreased from 16.7 percentage points in 2008 to 8.6 percentage points in 2019.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of contraceptive use among reproductive-aged married women in Sierra Leone has notably increased over the past decade, accompanied by notable reductions in inequalities across age, economic status, education, place of residence, and geographic provinces. While inequalities persist, the narrowing gaps underscore progress in improving equitable access to contraceptive services. These findings underscore the impor","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12175352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pooled prevalence of induced abortion and associated factors among reproductive age women in sub-Saharan Africa: a Bayesian multilevel approach.","authors":"Setegn Muche Fenta, Haile Mekonnen Fenta, Seyifemickael Amare Yilema, Maru Mekie, Denekew Bitew Belay, Amsalu Worku Mekonin, Ding-Geng Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01656-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01656-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abortion is one of the leading causes of maternal death in developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA,). In this region, abortion is responsible for 38,000 maternal deaths, making the area with the highest rate of abortion-related mortality in the world. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and associated factors of induced abortion in 33 countries in the region.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used data from the most current Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 33 sSA countries between 2012 and 2022. A total 367,881 of women were included in the analysis. The Bayesian multilevel logistic regression model was used to determine the factors associated to induced abortion because of the hierarchical nature of the DHS data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of induced abortion was 16.50% in sSA. The random effects model revealed that about 75% of the variation in the induced abortion was caused by community and individual-level factors. Based on the Bayesian multilevel logistic regression model, women who smoke cigarettes(AOR = 1.044; 95%CI: 1.020, 1.070), 24-month and above birth interval(AOR = 5.747; 95%CI: 5.595, 5.889), rich women(AOR = 1.470, 95%CI: 1.436, 1.510), secondary and above-educated women (AOR = 2.640, 95%CI: 2.567, 2.707), being exposed to the media (AOR = 1.099, 95%CI: 1.083, 1.115), rural women (AOR = 1.025, 95%CI: 1.004, 1.047) and having pregnancy complications (AOR = 1.095, 95%CI: 1.067, 1.124) were associated with higher odds of induced abortion. But, the odds of an induced abortion were lower for women 35-49 years of age(AOR = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.018, 0.019), having 2-3 birth history(AOR = 0.105, 95%CI: 0.102, 0.107), having family size of 4-6 (AOR = 0.747; 95%CI: 0.735, 0.760), using contraception (AOR = 0.747; 95%CI: 0.735, 0.760), being married (AOR = 0.642; 95%CI: 0.628, 0.654), and being a working woman(AOR = 0.673; 95%CI: 0.658, 0.687).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of induced abortion was high in the sSA countries with a significant country-specific variations. Therefore, public health programs shall focus on sexual and reproductive health education for young women, rural women, unmarried women, and rich women, in order to address this problem. Furthermore, it is crucial to formulate policies and initiatives that consider regional disparities in the prevalence of induced abortion and to actively pursue their implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12175375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting epidemiological research through unexpected environmental events: COVID-19 and bushfires impacts on the administration of the PATH cohort study.","authors":"Tanya Layton, Ranmalee Eramudugolla, Craig Sinclair, Imogen Gad, Moyra E Mortby, Kaarin J Anstey","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01646-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01646-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>At the outbreak of the pandemic in Australia, which directly followed unprecedented bushfires, the PATH Through Life Study had just commenced data collection of its 5th wave for the 40s age cohort. Continuation of fieldwork required dynamic transition from an in-person structured assessment protocol, to remote assessment methods with adaptation of established measures. We aim to describe the methods used to adapt the longitudinal study to these events, and the implications of data collection methodology for analysis. Reflections on these experiences are essential for transparent reporting of protocol change, and for informing future study design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Evaluation of the data collection process for the fifth follow-up assessment of the PATH Through Life Study, a population-based cohort of Australians aged 58-64 years (n = 2530). Evaluation metrics include response rates for interviews done in-person and remotely, observations from data collection modifications, and participant feedback. Additional online survey items measuring the impact of exposure to bushfires and COVID-19 were developed and deployed as part of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2147 contacted for follow-up, 1558 participants completed wave 5 (data collection commenced September 2019). By November 2019 (onset of the bushfires), 585 (37%) participants had completed face-to-face interviews and by March 2020, a further 1057 (68%) participants had completed their interviews at the onset of government restrictions relating to COVID-19. The shift to remote assessments resulted in 30% of assessments being completed by telephone. Challenges of the data protocol approach are discussed including the impact of multiple data collection pathways on analysis, and limitations of telephone interviews. Participant completion rates for the additional bushfire and COVID-19 surveys for the wave were 60% and 69% respectively; anecdotal participant feedback was positive regarding the inclusion of these measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dynamic capture of exposure to unexpected events within the context of an established longitudinal study requires rapid design and protocol adaptations, and careful documentation of participation timing and pathways. Given the heightened public interest, participant response was encouraging, and the data captured not only enhances the value of the whole dataset, but is uniquely placed to address questions on population-level vulnerabilities and ongoing impacts of the exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initiation of breastfeeding among mothers attending a regional referral hospital in central uganda: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Vivianne Nakayiza, Jonathan Izudi, Esther M Nasuuna, Fiona Atim","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01658-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01658-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding initiation within the first hour of birth is beneficial in reducing the risk of maternal and neonatal mortality. However, a significant proportion of mothers delay initiating breastfeeding within an hour of birth, but the association with age has not been rigorously studied. We examined the association between maternal age and delayed initiation of breastfeeding in a large urban referral hospital in central Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted at the Entebbe Regional Referral Hospital in Central Uganda. Data were collected using a researcher-administered questionnaire between October 1, 2019, and December 20, 2019. Delayed initiation of breastfeeding was the primary outcome, defined as putting the newborn to the breast after one hour of birth. The primary exposure was maternal age categorized as 15-24, 25-34, and 35-45 years. We performed a modified Poisson regression analysis to determine the independent association between maternal age and delayed initiation of breastfeeding, adjusting for other confounders. We stated the findings as an adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We studied 384 participants with a mean age of 27.5 ± 5.5 years. Of the 384 participants studied, 275 (71.6%) had delayed initiating breastfeeding, with the majority aged 15-24 years. In a multivariable analysis, delayed initiation of breastfeeding was significantly associated with maternal age groups of 15-24 years (aPR 1.28, 95% CI 1.01,1.63) and 25-34 years (aPR 1.28, 95% CI 1.01-1.60) compared to the reference group of 35-45 years. Additionally, delivery through cesarean section compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery was associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding (aPR 1.93, 95% CI 1.49-2.49).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Delayed initiation of breastfeeding is common and is associated with maternal age (15-24 and 25-34 years) as well as delivery through cesarean section. Routine health education and staff mentoring are needed to enhance early initiation of breastfeeding to prevent maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the federal hospital atlas in the context of the hospital reform 2024: a critical analysis of the healthcare provision in German hospitals.","authors":"Jonas Roos, Theresa Isabelle Wilhelm, Ron Martin, Kristian Welle, Elio Assaf, Robert Kaczmarczyk","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01639-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01639-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the context of the ongoing German hospital reform, the newly introduced Federal Hospital Atlas aims to increase transparency regarding hospital structures and service quality. However, concerns have been raised regarding its completeness and reliability. Understanding regional differences in hospital characteristics-such as ownership type, staffing levels, emergency care provision, and specialization-is essential to assess the current state of healthcare and inform policy decisions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1,628 hospitals using data from the Federal Hospital Atlas (as of April 2025). Hospitals were categorized by ownership type, region (old vs. new federal states), population density, and specialization. Multivariable regression models-including ordinal logistic and negative binomial regressions-were used to examine associations with nursing staff ratios, emergency care participation, the number of specialized departments, and certifications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1,628 hospitals analyzed, 36.57% were public, 35.27% nonprofit, and 28.16% private. Nonprofit (OR = 0.58, 95% CI [0.46-0.74]) and public hospitals (OR = 0.69, 95% CI [0.55-0.86]) had significantly lower nursing staff ratio categories compared to private hospitals but were more likely to provide emergency care (nonprofit: OR = 3.05, 95% CI [2.27-4.12]; public: OR = 4.81, 95% CI [3.52-6.61]). Trauma and/or orthopedic specialization was associated with higher emergency care participation (trauma: OR = 21.8; both: OR = 38.7) and higher structural differentiation (both: IRR = 3.11 for departments; IRR = 4.94 for certifications). Hospitals in densely populated areas had better nursing staff ratios (OR = 1.38, 95% CI [1.15-1.67]) and more certifications (IRR = 2.86, 95% CI [2.46-3.33]). No significant differences were found between old and new federal states in staffing or emergency care provision.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The analysis reveals significant differences in hospital facilities and service provision in Germany. Public and non-profit hospitals are more heavily involved in emergency care, but have comparatively lower nursing staff ratio categories. Hospitals specializing in trauma or orthopedic care, as well as those in urban areas, tend to be larger and better equipped. These results point to imbalances and underscore the need for political action to ensure equal access and high-quality hospital care across regions and providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' experiences of barriers and facilitators with continuous positive airway pressure therapy in obstructive sleep apnoea - a qualitative interview study.","authors":"Karin Jeppesen, Anita Rabøl Good, Ilse Dall Dyrhaug, Marianne Bruun Johansen, Jette Primdahl","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01645-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01645-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea ranges from 6 to 17% in the general adult population. Untreated obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, traffic accidents, and decreased quality of life. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the gold standard for treating OSA. However, only approximately half of all treated patients succeed with this therapy. There is a lack of knowledge about the patient experience of CPAP treatment and the barriers and facilitators to successful CPAP treatment. The study aimed to explore how newly diagnosed patients with OSA experience receiving the diagnosis, their motivation for treatment, and essential factors for successful CPAP treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative design using individual semi-structured interviews was applied. Patients with successful (n = 10) and unsuccessful (n = 9) treatment were interviewed. Qualitative Content Analysis inspired by Graneheim and Lundman was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis derived five themes: \"Symptoms and thoughts about the diagnosis and CPAP treatment\", \"Expectations and personal resources are important for success\", \"The experience of problems and benefit from CPAP treatment\", \"Social impact of CPAP treatment\" and \"Information and support from the sleep clinic.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Newly diagnosed patients with obstructive sleep apnoea describe barriers to successful CPAP treatment as lack of support from their partner and problems with the equipment. Important facilitators are positive expectations, partner support, and noticeable treatment effects. Early follow-up support, a biopsychosocial approach, and relatives' involvement in the sleep clinic consultations are needed to support patients toward successful CPAP treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 RT-qPCR-based screening in Austrian schools and incidences in the general population: a Bayesian spatiotemporal analysis.","authors":"Yessika Adelwin Natalia, Sereina Annik Herzog, Thomas Neyens, Christoph Johann Zurl, Volker Strenger, Geert Molenberghs, Christel Faes","doi":"10.1186/s13690-025-01655-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-025-01655-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2021, the emergence of highly transmissible COVID-19 variants of concern increased susceptibility among younger populations. Despite this risk, face-to-face education remained essential for societal functioning and children's well-being, prompting the Austrian government to implement a nationwide screening program in educational institutions. This study explores the impact of this program on COVID-19 transmission by examining the relationship between incidence rates and factors such as age, vaccination coverage, and RT-qPCR positivity rates among school-aged children across Austrian districts, using a Bayesian spatiotemporal discrete model. Our findings highlight significant effects of vaccination and positivity rates on COVID-19 incidence, with variations in their influence across different age groups and locations. These results underscore the importance of monitoring these variables, particularly when active screening programs are in place.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}