Archives of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"\"Thanks to my activists Friends\": a qualitative study of perspectives of young adults and professionals on the factors related to seeking support among victims of sexual violence in Spain.","authors":"Eva Durán-Martín, Belén Sanz-Barbero, Aitana Muñoz-Haba, Sebastià March, Carmen Vives-Cases","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01319-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01319-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual violence (SV) is a public health problem with high prevalence among the young population. The use of formal resources for SV care (e.g. institutional services) is low in this age group. This study applies a framework of health assets to identify the factors that positively influence the search for support for SV among young people, the functions of that support and the level of proximity as articulated by both young people and professionals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study was conducted through 38 semi-structured interviews with young people and professionals from SV resource centers and/or care services for the young population in Spain. A thematic theoretical analysis was conducted, embedded in inductive insights emerging from the data, following a particular adaptation of the constant comparative method, under the grounded theory approach. This analysis was carried out by coding the interview transcripts with the support of Atlas.ti.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Young women identified assets, categorized as feminist, that they believe they are essential in the search for formal support services for SV. However, unlike young men, they considered the police and judicial system to be barriers and not assets. There were also differences between the young people and professionals in identifying assets. Young people also considered their partner and traditional media as health assets, in contrast to professionals who did not identify these as such valuable resources in the help-seeking process. Informal assets, such as family, friends and the internet are considered close resources. In contrast, specialized care services for gender-based violence/SV and the judicial and police systems were perceived as more distant resources among the young interviewees.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows similarities and discrepancies among young women and men and SV response professionals in identifying assets for seeking SV support among youth. The study shows an inverse relationship between perceptions of proximity and the level of formality of the asset. This study also contributes to map the relationships and information exchanges between assets. It is advisable to inform professionals about the assets that professionals do not acknowledge, and about actions that allow young people to access formal resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11191312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community health worker perspectives: examining current responsibilities and strategies for success.","authors":"Monica Kowalczyk, Nicole Yao, LaToya Gregory, Jeannine Cheatham, Tarrah DeClemente, Kenneth Fox, Stacy Ignoffo, Anna Volerman","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01313-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01313-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community health worker (CHW) interventions have demonstrated positive impacts globally, with the COVID-19 pandemic further highlighting the potential of CHWs at the frontline to support prevention, outreach, and healthcare delivery. As the workforce expands, understanding the work and capabilities of CHWs is key to design successful interventions. This study examines the perspectives of experienced CHWs in Chicago about their current work and strategies for success.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of a community-academic partnership in Chicago, semi-structured interviews were completed with individuals who held positions aligned with CHW. Interviews were conducted between January and April 2022. Questions focused on participants' work and factors contributing to their effectiveness to gain insights into workforce strategies for success to be applied in healthcare and community settings. De-identified transcripts were analyzed using inductive reasoning with codes organized into themes and subthemes under two domains identified a priori. The themes informed a logic model focused on the early stages to support the success of CHWs in their role.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen individuals participated in the study. The two predetermined domains in this study were: current work of CHWs and strategies for CHWs to be successful. Five themes were identified about CHWs' current work: providing services, building alliances with clients, establishing and maintaining collaborations, collecting data, and experiencing challenges in role. From their perspectives, all these responsibilities enhance client care and support workforce sustainability efforts. Five themes emerged about strategies for the success of CHWs: background of CHWs, champions to support work of CHWs, materials to perform work of CHWs, preparation for CHW role, and characteristics of CHWs. Participants described key traits CHWs should possess to be hired, individuals who can champion and advocate for their work, and specific materials needed to fulfill responsibilities. They reported that training and familiarity with the community were integral to developing and refining the qualities and skills necessary to be effective in their role.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CHWs play an increasingly important role in enhancing healthcare delivery and improving health outcomes. This study offers a framework for policymakers, communities, and organizations to utilize for preparing CHWs to succeed in their roles.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11191347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mixed-methods study on impact of active case finding on pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in India.","authors":"Akshat P Shah, Jigna D Dave, Mohit N Makwana, Mihir P Rupani, Immad A Shah","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01326-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01326-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health burden in India, with elimination targets set for 2025. Active case finding (ACF) is crucial for improving TB case detection rates, although conclusive evidence of its association with treatment outcomes is lacking. Our study aims to investigate the impact of ACF on successful TB treatment outcomes among pulmonary TB patients in Gujarat, India, and explore why ACF positively impacts these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis in Gujarat, India, including 1,638 pulmonary TB cases identified through ACF and 80,957 cases through passive case finding (PCF) from January 2019 to December 2020. Generalized logistic mixed-model compared treatment outcomes between the ACF and PCF groups. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 TB program functionaries to explore their perceptions of ACF and its impact on TB treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed that patients diagnosed through ACF exhibited 1.4 times higher odds of successful treatment outcomes compared to those identified through PCF. Program functionaries emphasized that ACF enhances case detection rates and enables early detection and prompt treatment initiation. This early intervention facilitates faster sputum conversion and helps reduce the infectious period, thereby improving treatment outcomes. Functionaries highlighted that ACF identifies TB cases that might otherwise be missed, ensuring timely and appropriate treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ACF significantly improves TB treatment outcomes in Gujarat, India. The mixed-methods analysis demonstrates a positive association between ACF and successful TB treatment, with early detection and prompt treatment initiation being key factors. Insights from TB program functionaries underscore the importance of ACF in ensuring timely diagnosis and treatment, which are critical for better treatment outcomes. Expanding ACF initiatives, especially among hard-to-reach populations, can further enhance TB control efforts. Future research should focus on optimizing ACF strategies and integrating additional interventions to sustain and improve TB treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11188491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Framework for implementing collaborative TB-silicosis activities in India: insights from an expert panel.","authors":"Mihir P Rupani, Pankaj Nimavat, Yogesh Patel, Harsh D Shah, Arkaprabha Sau","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01325-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01325-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is more challenging for patients with silicosis, as it complicates the diagnosis of both diseases and increases mortality risk. Silicosis, an incurable occupational disease, confounds the diagnosis of TB and vice versa, making it more difficult to accurately identify and treat either condition. Moreover, TB appears to accelerate the progression of silicosis. Exposure to silica dust, a common cause of silicosis, can also trigger latent TB to become active TB. This correspondence outlines a proposed framework for implementing collaborative TB-silicosis activities in India, aimed at improving early diagnosis and management for both diseases. An expert panel of medical professionals developed this framework through online consultations in October and November 2022. The panel's goal was to establish a consensus on integrating TB-silicosis activities, with a focus on early detection and proper management. The framework suggests testing all patients with silicosis for active TB and screening workers exposed to silica dust for latent TB infection. It also recommends that patients with TB who have a history of occupational exposure to silica dust should be tested for silicosis. Reliable diagnostic tools, such as chest X-rays, are emphasized, providing guidance on their use for both diseases. The proposed collaborative TB-silicosis framework offers a structured approach to identifying and managing these two diseases, contributing to the global goal of eliminating silicosis by 2030 and aligning with the World Health Organization's targets for reducing TB incidence and mortality. It recommends specific strategies for implementation, including testing, referral systems, and workplace-based interventions. The framework also underscores the need for coordinated efforts among stakeholders, including the ministries of health, labor, industry, and environment. This correspondence provides valuable insights into how India can successfully implement collaborative TB-silicosis activities, serving as a model for other regions with similar challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11184817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-based violence and its health risks on women in Yaoundé, Cameroon","authors":"Georges Nguefack-Tsague, A. Amani, Valérie Djouna Dadjie, Donato Koyalta, Debora Nounkeu Carole, F. Dissak-Delon, F. Z. L. Cheuyem, Gilles Protais Lekelem Dongmo, Christelle Mbe Anastasie, Justine Laure Menguene Mviena, Odette Kibu, M. Ngoufack, M. B. Sida, Catherine Juillard, Alain Chichom-Mefire","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01308-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-024-01308-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141334935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Families’ importance in nursing care–families’ opinions: a cross-sectional survey study in the homecare setting","authors":"Josien M Woldring, W. Paans, Reinold Gans, Laura Dorland, M. Luttik","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01314-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-024-01314-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘I take the drugs… to make the sickness to move out of me’: key populations’ and service provider perspectives about facilitators and barriers to ART adherence and retention in care in Nigeria","authors":"O. Dirisu, G. Eluwa, Steve Callens, E. Adams, Akinola Akinwunmi, Scott Geibel, Isa Iyortim","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01282-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-024-01282-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141334906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of maternal depression and anxiety on immunization status of children: a prospective cohort study","authors":"Shannon E. MacDonald, Manisha Dhungana, Victoria Stagg, Sheila W. McDonald, D. McNeil, James D. Kellner, Suzanne Tough, Vineet Saini","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01323-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-024-01323-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social distancing stress, anxiety/depression, COVID-19 diagnosis, gender identity, and immigration status.","authors":"David Adzrago, Jolyna Chiangong, Cameron K Ormiston, Oluwabunmi M Dada, Antwan Jones, Faustine Williams","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01320-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01320-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Strict social distancing public health measures to decrease COVID-19 spread increased social distancing stress. However, differences in social distancing stress by anxiety/depression symptoms are understudied, especially based on COVID-19 diagnosis status, gender identity, and immigration status. We examined whether the association between social distancing stress and anxiety/depression symptoms was moderated by COVID-19 diagnosis status, gender identity, and immigration status. We further examined the associations of social distancing stress with anxiety/depression symptoms, gender identity, and immigration status among individuals with and without COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized data from a national cross-sectional survey among adults aged ≥ 18 years in the United States between May 13, 2021, and January 9, 2022 (n = 5,255). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of social distancing stress was higher among individuals with COVID-19 (79.23%) than among those without COVID-19 (67.51%). We observed significant associations between social distancing stress and anxiety/depression symptoms, moderated by COVID-19 diagnosis status, immigration status, and gender identity, respectively. Anxiety/depression symptoms were associated with social distancing stress among both individuals with and without COVID-19. Gender identity and immigration status were associated with social distancing stress among only individuals without COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings revealed that the association between social distancing stress and anxiety/depression varied by COVID-19 diagnosis status, gender identity, and immigration status. The findings underscore the need for more targeted psychological distress strategies to reduce social distancing stress and anxiety/depression among diverse US populations, while considering the impacts of COVID-19 diagnosis status, gender identity, and immigration status.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11177535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141321776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"End-of-life care in German and Dutch nursing homes: a cross-sectional study on nursing home staff's perspective in 2022.","authors":"Ann-Kathrin Bauer, Alexander Maximilian Fassmer, Sytse U Zuidema, Sarah I M Janus, Falk Hoffmann","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01316-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01316-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As society ages, the need for nursing home care is steadily increasing and end-of-life care of nursing home residents has become increasingly more important. End-of-life care differs between Germany and the neighbouring Netherlands. For example, a much higher proportion of German compared to Dutch nursing home residents is hospitalized at the end of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate end-of-life care in German and Dutch nursing homes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, a postal survey was sent to 600 randomly selected German and Dutch nursing homes each and addressed to the nursing staff management. Participants were asked to estimate the percentage of nursing home residents whose wishes for emergency situations (e.g. cardiopulmonary resuscitation) are known and to indicate whether facilities offer advanced care planning (ACP). They were also asked to estimate whether general practitioners (GPs)/elder care physicians (ECPs) and nursing home staff are usually well trained for end-of-life care. Finally, participants were asked to estimate the proportion of nursing home residents who die in hospital rather than in the nursing home and to rate overall end-of-life care provision.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 301 questionnaires were included in the analysis; 199 from German and 102 from Dutch nursing homes (response 33.2% and 17.0%). German participants estimated that 20.5% of residents die in the hospital in contrast to the Dutch estimation of 5.9%. In German nursing homes, ACP is offered less often (39.2% in Germany, 75.0% in the Netherlands) and significantly fewer wishes for emergency situations of residents were known than in Dutch nursing homes. GPs were considered less well-trained for end-of-life care in Germany. The most important measures to improve end-of-life care were comparable in both countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differences in (the delivery and knowledge of) end-of-life care between Germany and the Netherlands could be observed in this study. These could be due to structural differences (ECPs available 24/7 in the majority of Dutch nursing homes) and cultural differences (more discussion on quality of life versus life-sustaining treatments in the Netherlands). Due to these differences, a country-specific approach is necessary to improve end-of-life care.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11177492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141321775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}