Archives of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Unravelling demographic and socioeconomic patterns of COVID-19 death and other causes of death: results of an individual-level analysis of exhaustive cause of death data in Belgium, 2020.","authors":"Lisa Cavillot, Laura Van den Borre, Katrien Vanthomme, Aline Scohy, Patrick Deboosere, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Niko Speybroeck, Sylvie Gadeyne","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01437-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01437-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant excess mortality in 2020 in Belgium. By using microlevel cause-specific mortality data for the total adult population in Belgium in 2020, three outcomes were considered in this study aiming at predicting sociodemographic (SD) and socioeconomic (SE) patterns of (1) COVID-19 specific death compared to survival; (2) all other causes of death (OCOD) compared to survival; and (3) COVID-19 specific death compared to all OCOD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two complementary statistical methods were used. First, multivariable logistic regression models providing odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were fitted for the three study outcomes. In addition, we computed conditional inference tree (CIT) algorithms, a non-parametric class of classification trees, to identify and rank by significance level the strongest predictors of the three study outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Older individuals, males, individuals living in collectivities, first-generation migrants, and deprived SE groups experienced higher odds of dying from COVID-19 compared to survival; living in collectivities was identified by the CIT as the strongest predictor followed by age and sex. Education emerged as one of the strongest predictors for individuals not living in collectivities. Overall, similar patterns were observed for all OCOD except for first- and second-generation migrants having lower odds of all OCOD compared to survival; age group was identified by the CIT as the strongest predictor. Older individuals, males, individuals living in collectivities, first- and second-generation migrants, and individuals with lower levels of education had higher odds of COVID-19 death compared to all OCOD; living in collectivities was identified by the CIT as the strongest predictor followed by age, sex, and migration background. Education and income emerged as among the strongest predictors among individuals not living in collectivities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified important SD and SE disparities in COVID-19 mortality, with living in collectivities highlighted as the strongest predictor. This underlines the importance of implementing preventive measures, particularly within the most vulnerable populations, in infectious disease pandemic preparedness to reduce virus circulation and the resulting lethality.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abortion Trajectory, Timing, and Access Study (ATTAS): study protocol.","authors":"Anna Wallays, Sarah Van de Velde","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01418-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01418-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study protocol outlines the phased construction of a questionnaire, data collection, and a strategy for analysis within the framework of the ATTAS project. This study has two primary objectives. First, it allows us to map the duration of the various phases of the abortion trajectory for women presenting for abortion in Flanders, Belgium. Second, it identifies barriers that cause delays within these phases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The questionnaire was distributed to all women seeking abortion care at one of the five Flemish abortion centers; specifically, the LUNA centers, which are located in Ostend, Ghent, Antwerp, and Hasselt, as is the VUB-Dilemma center in Brussels during the fall and winter of 2023-2024. Ethical clearance for the described research was obtained from the University of Antwerp's Ethics Committee for the Social Sciences and Humanities (reference numbers: SHW_2023_48_1 and SHW_2023_48_2).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The collected data provide a dataset on the abortion trajectories of Flanders women who presented for abortion. This study protocol outlines the ATTAS project's rationale, phased development, and implementation of the questionnaire, as well as the upcoming data analyses. To our knowledge, this is the first study within the Flemish context to investigate abortion trajectories, timing, and access. Furthermore, this study protocol provides a phased and systematic approach to adapt validated research instruments to fit within diverse legal and cultural contexts. Building on this protocol, future research will seek to advance reproductive justice for all women in Belgium.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the causal effect of maternal education on the utilisation of maternal health services in Bangladesh using an observational study - a comparison of different propensity score methods and covariate adjustment.","authors":"Ema Akter, M Shafiqur Rahman, Aniqa Tasnim Hossain, Abu Bakkar Siddique, Abu Sayeed, Promit Barua Chowdhury, Shams El Arifeen, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Anisuddin Ahmed","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01423-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01423-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Assessing maternal health care utilisation is imperative for the health of both mother and her child. Maternal education is an important determinant in subsequent maternal health care usage, according to research. There is a dearth of research on the causal relationship between maternal education and maternal health services as well as examining the performance of different propensity score methods for estimating absolute effects. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the effect of maternal education on usage of maternal health services minimising the confounding effect and to compare different propensity score approaches to estimate absolute effects of maternal education on usage of maternal health services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from a cross-sectional study conducted by icddr,b in Bangladesh. A total of 1300 recently delivered mothers were included in this study. We used different propensity score (PS) methods to estimate the causal effect of maternal education on receiving maternal health services, including PS matching, PS weighting, covariate adjustment using PS, as well as used modified log-Poisson regression with and without multiple covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed highly imbalanced possible confounding factors for mother's educational level, which might lead to erroneous estimates. All methods indicated a significant effect of higher maternal education, whether measured as a continuous scale or a binary variable (secondary or higher vs. below secondary) on maternal health services, significantly increased the likelihood of receiving four or more ANC, delivered at facility, PNC within 42 days and receiving all maternal health services compared to the mothers with lower level of education. The PS weighting provided precise estimates with a low range of confidence interval.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results provided important insights on how well these techniques worked to reduce effect of confounding variables and achieve precise estimates. Propensity score weighting method performed better in terms of providing more precise estimates with a narrower range of confidence intervals, indicating that this method may be a reliable approach for estimating the causal effect of maternal education on maternal health service utilisation. However, careful consideration should be given to selecting the most appropriate method.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronotype and leisure-time physical activity among civil servants in Japan: a cross-sectional analysis of the Aichi workers' cohort study.","authors":"Ryusei Okegawa, Yupeng He, Masaaki Matsunaga, May Thet Khine, Yuanying Li, Tsuyoshi Kitajima, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Atsuhiko Ota","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01440-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01440-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between chronotype and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) remains unclear. We investigated the difference in regular LTPA and for a sufficient duration between those with evening-type (ET) and morning-type chronotypes (MT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using the data of the Aichi Workers' Cohort Study. It included 3,221 men (mean [standard deviation] age: 45.0 [11.6] years) and 1,294 women (39.8 [11.2] years). Chronotypes were determined with the reduced version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. We calculated the metabolic equivalents (METs) consumed per week based on the four types of LTPA: strolling, brisk walking, light- and moderate-intensity PA, and vigorous-intensity PA. Regular LTPA and for a sufficient duration was defined as doing once or more per week and for 30 min or longer per session, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was conducted separately by sex to calculate odds ratios of ET for regular LTPA and for a sufficient duration, adjusted for age and other factors, for each type of LTPA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ET men consumed fewer total METs per week than MT men (p < .001), although this pattern is not found in women. Compared to MT men, ET men were less likely to be engaged in regular LTPA in all types of LTPA (prevalence and adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: strolling: 39.1% vs. 28.7%, 0.685 [0.524-0.895]; brisk walking: 23.9% vs. 14.4%, 0.639 [0.454-0.899]; light- and moderate-intensity PA: 15.4% vs. 8.4%, 0.613 [0.404-0.929]; vigorous-intensity PA: 21.4% vs. 16.8%, 0.715 [0.518-0.989]). They were less likely to spend a sufficient duration in brisk walking (25.9% vs. 16.5%, 0.635 [0.461-0.875]), light- and moderate-intensity PA (37.1% vs. 26.8%, 0.684 [0.521-0.899]), and vigorous-intensity PA (35.3% vs. 35.8%, 0.741 [0.568-0.968]). Compared with MT women, ET women were less likely to be engaged in strolling (30.5% vs. 22.2%, 0.629 [0.398-0.995]), and less likely to spend a sufficient duration in light- and moderate-intensity PA (27.3% vs. 15.3%, 0.561 [0.335-0.937]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ET was inversely associated with LTPA in men and partly in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11546544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical fitness and body build parameters of children and adolescents participating in the physical activity promotion programme \"Athletics for all!\"","authors":"Joanna Baj-Korpak, Kamil Zaworski, Marek Wochna, Sebastian Chmara, Marian Jan Stelmach","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01436-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01436-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study attempts to analyse physical fitness and basic anthropometric parameters of children and adolescents participating in the nationwide physical activity promotion programme \"Athletics for All!\" (AFA). The programme aims to establish a national system for diagnosing, selecting, recruiting, and identifying talents in youth training. It also aims to build a career development path for athletics, forming the basis of a new structure for youth training in Poland. The primary goal of this study was to assess physical fitness of AFA participants over the years of its implementation (2015-2022) and to identify the leading motor ability with consideration for age, gender, and body build parameters determined with Body Mass Index and Ponderal Index.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nationwide measurements of basic anthropometric parameters as well as physical fitness tests were conducted among 31,790 girls (F) and 22,260 boys (M) participating in the AFA programme. Physical fitness assessments were performed using the OSF test (3 × 10 m shuttle run, standing broad jump, 1 kg medicine ball throw, 4-minute run). Comparative analysis of OSF test results, considering gender, was conducted using the independent samples T-test. The strength and direction of correlations between variables were calculated using the rho-Spearman coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OSF test results were converted into points, considering age and gender. Gender was found to be a significantly differentiating factor in physical fitness of AFA participants. Among twelve- and fifteen-year-olds, statistically significant differences were observed in all analysed variables, i.e. in each of the four tests and the overall score. It was noted that the examined girls aged 11 to 17 exhibited higher levels of strength compared to their male counterparts. Statistical analysis revealed significant correlations between OSF test results and the age and body build indicators, with the strength of the correlations being negligible in most cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participants of the nationwide programme \"Athletics for All!\" demonstrate a high level of physical fitness, with endurance being a fundamental motor ability. Physical fitness levels show significant correlations with the anthropometric parameters of children and adolescents. The study results confirm the need and justification for implementing physical activity promotion programmes for the younger generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11545620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The level of electronic health literacy among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Xin Jiang, Lushan Wang, Yingjie Leng, Ruonan Xie, Chengxiang Li, Zhuomiao Nie, Daiqing Liu, Guorong Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01428-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01428-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the context of deeper integration of the internet and healthcare services, eHealth literacy levels have become an important predictor of public health outcomes and health-promoting behaviors. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of eHealth literacy levels among older adults.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically assess the level of eHealth literacy among older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted searches in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Weipu Database (VIP), and Chinese Biomedical Database (Sinomed) to collect survey studies on the eHealth literacy levels of the older adults, with a search timeframe from the establishment of the database to May 2024. The quality of the included literature was assessed using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Additionally, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were conducted to detect sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plots and Egger's test were used to assess publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 48 relevant studies were included, including 45 cross-sectional, 2 cohort studies and 1 longitudinal study, comprising 33,919 older adults. The quality of the studies was all above moderate, with 10 high-quality publications. Meta-integration results showed that the eHealth literacy score of older adults was 21.45 (95% CI:19.81-23.08). Subgroup analysis showed that among the elderly population, females had lower eHealth literacy at 19.13 (95% CI:15.83-22.42), those aged 80 years and older had lower eHealth literacy at 16.55 (95% CI:11.73-21.38), and elderly individuals without a spouse and living alone had even lower eHealth literacy at 18.88 (95% CI:15.71-22.04) and 16.03 (95% CI:16.51-21.79). Based on region, eHealth literacy was lower among older adults in developing countries at 20.71 (95% CI:18.95-22.48). Meta-regression results indicate that sample size and region can significantly impact heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results found that the average eHealth literacy score of the elderly was 21.45, which was much lower than the passing level (≥ 32), suggesting that more attention should be paid to the eHealth literacy aspect of the elderly. Meanwhile, due to the limitation of the literature sources, the global representativeness of the results of this study still needs to be supported by more research data from other countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediating role of healthy behaviors and self-perceived health in the relationship between eating behaviors and comorbidity in adults.","authors":"Cristian Ramos-Vera, Gleni Quispe-Callo, Miguel Basauri-Delgado, Yaquelin E Calizaya-Milla, Christian Casas-Gálvez, Norma Del Carmen Gálvez-Díaz, Jacksaint Saintila","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01435-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01435-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited information on how healthy behaviors and individual health perceptions mediate the relationship between eating behaviors and noncommunicable diseases in adults. This study aimed to evaluate the mediating role of these factors in the relationship between eating behaviors and comorbidity in U.S. adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional predictive study using data from 5,247 adults from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5, cycle 3 (2019) was conducted. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the mediating effect.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model showed good fit (χ2/df = 1.22, CFI = 971, TLI = 959, RMSEA = 0.050, SRMR = 0.036). It was found that self-perceived health totally mediated the relationship between eating behaviors and comorbidities (β = - 0.026, p < .001). Additionally, healthy behaviors and self-perceived health together mediated the relationship between eating behaviors and comorbidities (β = - 0.025, p < .001). A direct relationship was also observed between healthy behaviors and comorbidities, mediated by self-perceived health (β = - 0.103, p < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concludes that eating behaviors are significantly related to comorbidities through the mediation of healthy behaviors and self-perceived health.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between leisure activity participation and cognitive function among older Chinese adults: the differences across gender and age.","authors":"Xi-Ru Guo, Tao-Zhu Cheng, Jing Guo","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01438-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01438-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As population aging increased globally, this study aimed to examine the relationship between leisure activity participation and cognitive function in the older Chinese population and the gender and age differences in this relationship. A total of 12526 individuals aged 60 years and older from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey were obtained for this study. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship. This study found productive, physical, intellectual, recreational and social activities were associated with cognitive function. Males enjoyed extra benefits from recreational activities compared with females. Females enjoyed extra benefits from productive activities and social activities compared with males. Older age enjoyed extra benefits from productive activities, physical activities, intellectual activities, recreational activities, social activities in comparison with younger age. Thus, Chinese older adults need to make efforts to increase the time and variety of leisure activities, especially for the oldest old. Compared with other types of leisure activities, it's more important for old men to participate in recreational activities, and for old women to participate in productive activities and social activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental pollution, trade openness and the health of middle-aged and elderly people: an analysis of threshold effect based on data from 111 prefecture-level cities in China.","authors":"Jin-Dan Zhang, Xiao-Fen Cheng, Yan-Ting He, Lu-Shi Kong, Duo Chen, Yi-Li Zhang, Bei Li","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01429-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01429-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Environmental pollution seriously endangers people's physical and mental health, especially the health of middle-aged and elderly people. Environmental pollution, trade openness, and population health are interconnected. Environmental pollution may have a nonlinear impact on health, and the impact of trade openness on the health effects of environmental pollution may not be a simple strengthening or weakening effect. However, few studies have used threshold effects model to explore the nonlinear mechanisms of environmental pollution's impact on health in China. As a result, this study incorporates trade openness into the research framework on the health effects of environmental pollution, aiming to study the mechanism of environmental pollution on health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data from 2013 to 2020 and the data of 111 prefecture-level cities in China, we combine two-way fixed-effects models and threshold models to explore the effects of environmental pollution on the health of middle-aged and elderly people and the role of trade openness in the path of environmental pollution affecting health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Environmental pollution impairs the health of middle-aged and elderly people, and there is a single threshold effect and regional heterogeneity in this negative impact. Trade openness has the effect of first weakening and then strengthening in the inhibitory effect of environmental pollution on health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The negative impact of environmental pollution on health has regional heterogeneity, and there is a nonlinear relationship between environmental pollution and the health of middle-aged and elderly people. The health effect of environmental pollution is mainly long-term effect, and trade openness has a threshold effect on the impact of environmental pollution on health. Therefore, instead of adopting a one-size-fits-all policy, environmental and economic policies should be customized according to the degree of environmental pollution, trade openness, and regional variations, so as to safeguard the health of middle-aged and elderly individuals through effective environmental governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top-funded companies offering digital health interventions for the prevention and treatment of depression: a systematic market analysis.","authors":"Oscar Castro, Alicia Salamanca-Sanabria, Aishah Alattas, Gisbert Wilhelm Teepe, Konstantin Leidenberger, Elgar Fleisch, Lorainne Tudor Car, Falk Muller-Riemenschneider, Tobias Kowatsch","doi":"10.1186/s13690-024-01424-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13690-024-01424-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digital innovations can reduce the global burden of depression by facilitating timely and scalable interventions. In recent years, the number of commercial Digital Health Interventions for Depression (DHIDs) has been on the rise. However, there is limited knowledge on their content and underpinning scientific evidence. This study aimed to: (i) identify the top-funded companies offering DHIDs and (ii) provide an overview of their interventions, including scientific evidence, psychotherapeutic approaches and use of novel technologies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted using two venture capital databases to identify the top-30 funded companies offering DHIDs. In addition, studies related to the DHIDs' were identified via academic databases and hand-searching. The methodological quality of the publications was evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The top-30 funded companies offering DHIDs received a total funding of 2,592 million USD. Less than half of the companies produced any scientific research associated with their DHIDs, with a total of 83 publications identified. Twenty-five publications were randomised control trials, of which 15 reported moderate-to-large effects in reducing depression symptoms. Regarding novel technologies, few DHIDs incorporated the use of conversational agents or low-burden sensing technologies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Funding received by top-funded companies was not related to the amount of scientific evidence provided on their DHIDs. There was a strong variation in the quantity of evidence produced and an overall need for more rigorous effectiveness trials. Few DHIDs used automated approaches such as conversational agents, limiting their scalability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48578,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health","volume":"82 1","pages":"200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}