npj Flexible Electronics最新文献_第3页

Stretchable, transparent and multifunctional PVC-gel heater: a novel approach to skin-mountable, wearable thermal devices 可拉伸、透明和多功能聚氯乙烯凝胶加热器：皮肤安装式可穿戴热设备的新方法

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00348-6

Minki Kim, Minjae Cho, Chongyoung Chung, Ki-Uk Kyung

{"title":"Stretchable, transparent and multifunctional PVC-gel heater: a novel approach to skin-mountable, wearable thermal devices","authors":"Minki Kim, Minjae Cho, Chongyoung Chung, Ki-Uk Kyung","doi":"10.1038/s41528-024-00348-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41528-024-00348-6","url":null,"abstract":"Electric heaters based on functional materials and innovative designs have been developed for various applications. In this paper, we propose a soft dielectric heater (SDH) using polyvinyl chloride-gel (PVC-gel) as the dielectric heater and hydrogel as stretchable electrodes. Under an AC voltage, the leakage current in the PVC-gel leads to continuous injection and discharge of charges, causing the polarized plasticizers and flexible PVC chains to vibrate and collide, thereby generating heat through dielectric heating. Furthermore, the SDH generates a uniform temperature distribution even under strains up to 400%. Besides, high transmittance over 86% across the visible range renders it suitable for wearable or skin-mountable heaters from an esthetic viewpoint. Its capacitor-like structure achieves a scalable design, enabling extension from a singular cell to a row/column addressable and pixelated array of heaters. The 5 × 5 SDH array can deliver varied thermal information and sensations while maintaining performance even when stretched.","PeriodicalId":48528,"journal":{"name":"npj Flexible Electronics","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-024-00348-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interplay between strain and charge in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 flexible photovoltaics Cu(In,Ga)Se2 柔性光伏器件中应变与电荷之间的相互作用

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00347-7

Ha Kyung Park, Kanghoon Yim, Jiyoon Lee, Yunae Cho, Inyoung Jeong, Donghyeop Shin, Jihye Gwak, Aron Walsh, Kihwan Kim, William Jo

{"title":"Interplay between strain and charge in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 flexible photovoltaics","authors":"Ha Kyung Park, Kanghoon Yim, Jiyoon Lee, Yunae Cho, Inyoung Jeong, Donghyeop Shin, Jihye Gwak, Aron Walsh, Kihwan Kim, William Jo","doi":"10.1038/s41528-024-00347-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41528-024-00347-7","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible and lightweight Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin-film solar cells are promising for versatile applications, but there is limited understanding of stress-induced changes. In this study, the charge carrier generation and trapping behavior under mechanical stress was investigated using flexible CIGS thin-film solar cells with various alkali treatments. Surface current at the CIGS surface decreased by convex bending, which occurs less with the incorporation of alkali metals. The formation energy of the carrier generating defects increased in convex bending environments clarifying the degradation of the surface current. Moreover, alkali-related defects had lower formation energy than the intrinsic acceptors, mitigating current degradation in mechanical stress condition. The altered defect energy levels were attributed to the deformation of the crystal structure under bending states. This study provides insights into the mitigating of strain-induced charge degradation for enhancing the performance and robustness of flexible CIGS photovoltaic devices.","PeriodicalId":48528,"journal":{"name":"npj Flexible Electronics","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-024-00347-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142235096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Creating highly efficient stretchable OLEDs with nanowavy structures for angle-independent narrow band emission 利用纳米波浪结构制造高效可拉伸有机发光二极管，实现与角度无关的窄带发射

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00343-x

Ajay Nimbalkar, Aqsa Irfan, Min Chul Suh

引用次数: 0

Strong and high-conductivity hydrogels with all-polymer nanofibrous networks for applications as high-capacitance flexible electrodes 具有全聚合物纳米纤维网络的高导电性强水凝胶可用作高电容柔性电极

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00346-8

Huimin He, Yaqing Chen, Aoyang Pu, Li Wang, Wenxiu Li, Xiaoyu Zhou, Chuyang Y. Tang, Kiwon Ban, Mengsu Yang, Lizhi Xu

{"title":"Strong and high-conductivity hydrogels with all-polymer nanofibrous networks for applications as high-capacitance flexible electrodes","authors":"Huimin He, Yaqing Chen, Aoyang Pu, Li Wang, Wenxiu Li, Xiaoyu Zhou, Chuyang Y. Tang, Kiwon Ban, Mengsu Yang, Lizhi Xu","doi":"10.1038/s41528-024-00346-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41528-024-00346-8","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible devices, such as soft bioelectronics and stretchable supercapacitors, have their practical performance limited by electrodes which are desired to have high conductivity and capacitance, outstanding mechanical flexibility and strength, great electrochemical stability, and good biocompatibility. Here, we report a simple and efficient method to synthesize a nanostructured conductive hydrogel to meet such criteria. Specifically, templated by a hyperconnective nanofibrous network from aramid hydrogels, the conducting polymer, polypyrrole, assembles conformally onto nanofibers through in-situ polymerization, generating continuous nanostructured conductive pathways. The resulting conductive hydrogel shows superior conductivity (72 S cm−1) and fracture strength (27.2 MPa). Supercapacitor electrodes utilizing this hydrogel exhibit high specific capacitance (240 F g−1) and cyclic stability. Furthermore, bioelectrodes of patterned hydrogels provide favorable bioelectronic interfaces, allowing high-quality electrophysiological recording and stimulation in physiological environments. These high-performance electrodes are readily scalable to applications of energy and power systems, healthcare and medical technologies, smart textiles, and so forth.","PeriodicalId":48528,"journal":{"name":"npj Flexible Electronics","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-024-00346-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrically tunable infrared optics enabled by flexible ion-permeable conducting polymer-cellulose paper 通过柔性离子渗透导电聚合物-纤维素纸实现电可调红外光学

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00339-7

Chaoyang Kuang, Shangzhi Chen, Mingna Liao, Aiman Rahmanudin, Debashree Banerjee, Jesper Edberg, Klas Tybrandt, Dan Zhao, Magnus P. Jonsson

{"title":"Electrically tunable infrared optics enabled by flexible ion-permeable conducting polymer-cellulose paper","authors":"Chaoyang Kuang, Shangzhi Chen, Mingna Liao, Aiman Rahmanudin, Debashree Banerjee, Jesper Edberg, Klas Tybrandt, Dan Zhao, Magnus P. Jonsson","doi":"10.1038/s41528-024-00339-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41528-024-00339-7","url":null,"abstract":"Materials that provide dynamically tunable infrared (IR) response are important for many applications, including active camouflage and thermal management. However, current IR-tunable systems often exhibit limitations in mechanical properties or practicality of their tuning modalities, or require complex and costly fabrication methods. An additional challenge relates to providing compatibility between different spectral channels, such as allowing an object to be reversibly concealed in the IR without making it appear in the visible range. Here, we demonstrate that conducting polymer-cellulose papers, fabricated through a simple and cheap approach, can overcome such challenges. The papers exhibit IR properties that can be electrochemically tuned with large modulation (absolute emissivity modulation of 0.4) while maintaining largely constant response in the visible range. Owing to high ionic and electrical conductivity, the tuning of the top surface can be performed electrochemically from the other side of the paper even at tens of micrometer thicknesses, removing the need for overlaying electrode and electrolyte in the optical beam path. These features enabled a series of electrically tunable IR devices, where we focus on demonstrating dynamic radiative coolers, thermal camouflage, anti-counterfeiting tags, and grayscale IR displays. The conducting polymer-cellulose papers are sustainable, cheap, flexible and mechanically robust, providing a versatile materials platform for active and adaptive IR optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":48528,"journal":{"name":"npj Flexible Electronics","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-024-00339-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142142695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conformal printed electronics on flexible substrates and inflatable catheters using lathe-based aerosol jet printing 使用车床气溶胶喷射打印技术在柔性基底和充气导管上进行共形打印电子器件

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00340-0

Hansel Alex Hobbie, James L. Doherty, Brittany N. Smith, Paolo Maccarini, Aaron D. Franklin

{"title":"Conformal printed electronics on flexible substrates and inflatable catheters using lathe-based aerosol jet printing","authors":"Hansel Alex Hobbie, James L. Doherty, Brittany N. Smith, Paolo Maccarini, Aaron D. Franklin","doi":"10.1038/s41528-024-00340-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41528-024-00340-0","url":null,"abstract":"With the growth of additive manufacturing (AM), there has been increasing demand for fabricating conformal electronics that directly integrate with larger components to enable unique functionality. However, fabrication of conformal electronics is challenging because devices must merge with host substrates regardless of curvilinearity, topography, or substrate material. In this work, we employ aerosol jet (AJ) printing, an AM method for jet printing electronics using ink-based materials, and a custom-made lathe mechanism for mounting flexible substrates and 3D objects on a rotating axis. Using this method of lathe-based AJ printing, conformal electronics are printed around the circumference of rotational bodies with 3D curvilinear surfaces through cylindrical-coordinate motion. We characterize the diverse capabilities of lathe AJ (LAJ) printing and demonstrate flexible conformal electronics including multilayer carbon nanotube transistors. Lastly, a graphene sensor is conformally printed on an inflated catheter balloon for temperature and inflation monitoring, thus highlighting the versatilities of LAJ printing.","PeriodicalId":48528,"journal":{"name":"npj Flexible Electronics","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-024-00340-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LC contact lens sensor for ultrasensitive intraocular pressure monitoring 用于超灵敏眼压监测的 LC 隐形眼镜传感器

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00341-z

Hongbin An, Xian Wang, Zhikang Liao, Liang Zhang, Hui Zhao, Yingyun Yang, Jizhou Song, Yinji Ma

{"title":"LC contact lens sensor for ultrasensitive intraocular pressure monitoring","authors":"Hongbin An, Xian Wang, Zhikang Liao, Liang Zhang, Hui Zhao, Yingyun Yang, Jizhou Song, Yinji Ma","doi":"10.1038/s41528-024-00341-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41528-024-00341-z","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty-four hours continuous intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring is beneficial for glaucoma care. Contact lens sensors using LC technology can achieve non-invasive continuous IOP measuring around the clock and are relatively simple in principle and structure, thus dominating the mainstream. Among them, stretchable inductive LC contact lens sensors constructed with liquid metal have advantages in signal quality as well as wearing comfort, but currently its sensitivity is slightly insufficient. Here, we propose an LC sensor that constructed with liquid metal to form the stretchable inductance and capacitance further. The capacitive plate and inductive coil can response to IOP changes simultaneously, thus able to enhance the sensitivity in principle. We modeled the sensing mechanism and conducted design, fabrication, as well as various tests. The device exhibits good characteristics, including reliability, good signal quality, etc. Especially, it has a threefold increase in sensitivity, exceeding the current state-of-the-art contact lens sensors.","PeriodicalId":48528,"journal":{"name":"npj Flexible Electronics","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-024-00341-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving the air stability of flexible top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes 提高柔性顶部发光有机发光二极管的空气稳定性

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00338-8

Mina Riahi, Kou Yoshida, Ifor D. W. Samuel

引用次数: 0

Multifunctional and high-performance electrothermal films based on carbon black/Ag nanowires/graphene composites 基于炭黑/银纳米线/石墨烯复合材料的多功能高性能电热膜

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00336-w

Zijian Wang, Wen Yu, Chaochao Gao, Zhenye Zhu, Jiaheng Zhang

{"title":"Multifunctional and high-performance electrothermal films based on carbon black/Ag nanowires/graphene composites","authors":"Zijian Wang, Wen Yu, Chaochao Gao, Zhenye Zhu, Jiaheng Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41528-024-00336-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41528-024-00336-w","url":null,"abstract":"Fabricating high-conductive composites and constructing highly conductive networks are crucial for high-performance electrothermal film. In this study, an Ag nanowires/graphene (Ag/G) composite synthesized by liquid-phase exfoliation and in-situ photoreduction is mixed with carbon black (CB) to form a composite conductive ink, and a CB/Ag/G composite electrothermal film with a point-line-plane three-dimensional microstructure is obtained via blade coating process. Both the addition of Ag nanowires and a subsequent compression rolling treatment induce the establishment of the effective conductive network in the film, endowing it with an outstanding conductivity of 399.4 S cm−1. The film reaches a Ts of 204 °C with an input voltage of 3.0 V, and is successfully applied in water heating and de-icing, demonstrating its extraordinary electrothermal performance and vast potential for practical applications. The film is also used as an electromagnetic shielding film and heat dissipation substrate, showing exceptional electromagnetic shielding (42.5 dB) and heat dissipation properties.","PeriodicalId":48528,"journal":{"name":"npj Flexible Electronics","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-024-00336-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Highly robust soft-rigid connections via mechanical interlocking for assembling ultra-stretchable displays 通过机械联锁实现高度坚固的软硬连接，用于组装超拉伸显示器

IF 12.3 1区材料科学

npj Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00337-9

Lixue Tang, Huayi Wang, Jifeng Ren, Xingyu Jiang

{"title":"Highly robust soft-rigid connections via mechanical interlocking for assembling ultra-stretchable displays","authors":"Lixue Tang, Huayi Wang, Jifeng Ren, Xingyu Jiang","doi":"10.1038/s41528-024-00337-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41528-024-00337-9","url":null,"abstract":"Stretchable electronic circuits can seamlessly conform to irregular and dynamic surfaces with high integration. However, current stretchable configurations typically have limited stretchability due to the lack of robust connections between soft interconnects and rigid electronics. Here, we printed highly stretchable metal–polymer conductors on thermoplastic elastomers as interconnects. We developed electronic vests with porous surfaces for rigid electronics and introduced polyester hot-melt adhesives to strengthen connections between soft interconnects and rigid electronics. After thermal bonding, the adhesive penetrates the porous surface of electronic vests, creating a mechanical interlock and providing an adhesion force of 8.34 N/cm for the connection (3× higher than conductive adhesives). Thus, rigid electronics of different sizes and different pin counts can form strong connections to soft interconnects, achieving a maximum strain tolerance of ~700% (10× higher than conductive adhesives). We achieved highly integrated ultra-stretchable displays that can withstand stretching up to 220% without dead pixels.","PeriodicalId":48528,"journal":{"name":"npj Flexible Electronics","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-024-00337-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141904676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0