Journal of Experimental Social Psychology最新文献_第8页

Harnessing dehumanization theory, modern media, and an intervention tournament to reduce support for retributive war crimes 利用非人性化理论、现代媒体和干预锦标赛来减少对报复性战争罪行的支持

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104567

Alexander P. Landry , Katrina Fincher , Nathaniel Barr , Nicholaus P. Brosowsky , John Protzko , Dan Ariely , Paul Seli

{"title":"Harnessing dehumanization theory, modern media, and an intervention tournament to reduce support for retributive war crimes","authors":"Alexander P. Landry , Katrina Fincher , Nathaniel Barr , Nicholaus P. Brosowsky , John Protzko , Dan Ariely , Paul Seli","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We demonstrate how psychological scientists can curate rich-yet-accessible media to intervene on conflict-escalating attitudes during the earliest stages of violent conflicts. Although wartime atrocities all-too-often ignite destructive cycles of tit-for-tat war crimes, powerful third parties can de-escalate the bloodshed. Therefore, following Russia's illegal invasion of Ukraine, we aimed to reduce Americans' support for committing retributive war crimes against Russian soldiers. To intervene during the earliest stages of the invasion, we drew on theories of dehumanization and “parasocial” intergroup contact to curate publicly available media expected to humanize Russian soldiers. We then identified the most effective materials by simultaneously evaluating all of them with an <em>intervention tournament</em>. This allowed us to quickly implement a psychological intervention that reliably reduced support for war crimes during the first days of a momentous land war. Our work provides a practical, result-driven model for developing psychological interventions with the potential to de-escalate incipient conflicts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103123001245/pdfft?md5=05e44d6e2051667de4e90782e4c5844d&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103123001245-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138436463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Giving (in) to help an identified person 给予(帮助)一个确定的人

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104557

Linh Vu , Catherine Molho , Ivan Soraperra , Susann Fiedler , Shaul Shalvi

{"title":"Giving (in) to help an identified person","authors":"Linh Vu , Catherine Molho , Ivan Soraperra , Susann Fiedler , Shaul Shalvi","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People give more to a person in need when this person's identity is known. Such altruistic behaviors may arise from a genuine concern for the person, leading people to <em>give</em>. Alternatively, altruistic behavior may also arise from one's attempt to reduce the guilt of not giving, leading people to <em>give in</em>. Is the increased altruism towards an identified (vs. unidentified) charity recipient driven by a genuine concern for the person or by guilt? The current registered report addressed this question in two experiments (<em>N</em> = 3671), in which participants made allocation decisions in transparent vs. ambiguous settings with a predetermined (versus undetermined; Study 1) or an identified (versus unidentified; Study 2) child in need as the recipient. Consistent with our pre-registered hypothesis, results revealed that participants gave significantly less to undetermined/unidentified children in an ambiguous, compared with a transparent setting. However, in contrast to our predictions, predetermined/identified children did not receive more than undetermined/unidentified children in transparent settings in which they know how their choice impacts the children. Accordingly, the predicted interaction between identification and ambiguity was not significant. Exploratory analyses revealed that participants who willingly resolve the ambiguity surrounding the impact of their choice gave more compared to those who were given transparent information by default. The results suggest that some people give in when making their donation decisions, but the tendency to give in is independent of whether the recipient is identified or not.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103123001142/pdfft?md5=25dd76c4ad8a490c5a0c3d3cbc06c6f2&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103123001142-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138413656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of ancestral information on social connectedness and life meaning 祖先信息对社会联系和生活意义的影响

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104563

Tami Kim , Maura Austin , Luca Cian , Gabrielle Adams

{"title":"Effects of ancestral information on social connectedness and life meaning","authors":"Tami Kim , Maura Austin , Luca Cian , Gabrielle Adams","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>With the rise of biotechnological tools such as ancestral information tests, individuals today are able to discover previously inaccessible information about themselves. Here, we explore how obtaining ancestral information—information about family history and lineage—affects people's sense of social connectedness<span> and perceived meaning in their lives. In addition, we investigate how ancestral information affects individuals' motivations to engage in self-care behaviors or behaviors that enhance their legacy. The primary goal of this research is to identify a novel antecedent of meaning in life—</span></span><em>past</em> rather than <em>present</em> social connections and to understand how receiving ancestral information affects future behavior and decisions. We randomly assigned individuals to receive information about (1) their ancestry, (2) others' ancestral information, or (3) their current social networks. From our data (<em>N</em> = 365), we did not find statistically significant differences among the three conditions on social connectedness and life meaning. Thus, the role of ancestral information in improving social connection and life meaning remains inconclusive. We discuss the implications of these results for future research on social connection and life meaning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138423407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of wearing college apparel on Black men's perceived criminality and perceived risk of being racially profiled by police 穿着大学服装对黑人男性感知犯罪和感知被警察种族定性风险的影响

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104565

Gabriel Camacho

{"title":"The effect of wearing college apparel on Black men's perceived criminality and perceived risk of being racially profiled by police","authors":"Gabriel Camacho","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current research examines whether a prejudice reduction strategy used by Black college students—signaling a college affiliation—mitigates the perceived risk that a Black man will be seen as a criminal and racially profiled by police. Across four studies, college students of color (study 1: <em>N</em> = 160; study 2: <em>N</em> = 203) and Black and White people (study 3A: <em>N</em> = 205; study 3B: <em>N</em> = 394) perceived a Black man who displayed a college logo on his hoodie as significantly less likely to be seen as a criminal than when he did not. This remained true when the college logo was from a university that was objectively high in prestige (Princeton University; studies 1–2), moderate in prestige (John Jay College; study 2), or had no preexisting prestige (the fictional Pennbrook University; studies 3A and 3B). While college apparel did not consistently reduce the perceived risk that police would racially profile a Black man, an exploratory moderation analysis found that perceiving racial profiling as stemming more from individual than systemic bias lessened this perceived risk for Black but not White participants (study 3B). College apparel also indirectly predicted a lower likelihood of racial profiling through its effect on perceived criminality across all studies. Together, these results suggest that college apparel is believed to mitigate negative stereotypes associated with Black men; however, the perceived likelihood that police will racially profile a Black man is influenced by both his perceived criminality and lay theories of police bias.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138297680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The position that awaits: Implications of expected future status for performance, helping, motivation, and well-being at work 等待的职位:对工作表现、帮助、动机和幸福感的预期未来地位的影响

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104560

Edward P. Lemay Jr , Hyunsun Park , Jessica Fernandez , Jennifer C. Marr

{"title":"The position that awaits: Implications of expected future status for performance, helping, motivation, and well-being at work","authors":"Edward P. Lemay Jr , Hyunsun Park , Jessica Fernandez , Jennifer C. Marr","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Social status shapes many important aspects of people's experiences at work. Guided by research and theory on prospection, the authors tested the predictions that a) expectations of future status predict important outcomes at work independently of current status; and b) expectations of future status are based on current status and partially explain effects of current status. Eight studies using a combination of survey, experimental, and intensive longitudinal methods supported these predictions. Across these studies, expectations of future status had unique effects relative to current status and partially explained the effects of current status on behavioral outcomes (i.e., task performance, organizational citizenship behavior), motivational and affective outcomes (i.e., work engagement, turnover intentions, and learning, performance, and helping motivation), and psychological well-being. Furthermore, several of these responses predicted changes in status over time, and they elicited status conferral by others, suggesting that expectations of future status may elicit responses that confirm those expectations. Status may be consequential for people's work lives, in part, because it shapes how people construe the future. Implications are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138289557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceiving others as responsive lessens prejudice: The mediating roles of intellectual humility and attitude ambivalence 感知他人的反应减少偏见:智力谦卑和态度矛盾的中介作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104554

Guy Itzchakov , Harry T. Reis , Kimberly Rios

{"title":"Perceiving others as responsive lessens prejudice: The mediating roles of intellectual humility and attitude ambivalence","authors":"Guy Itzchakov , Harry T. Reis , Kimberly Rios","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Can perceived responsiveness, the extent to which an individual feels understood, validated, and cared for by close others, reduce prejudiced attitudes? We hypothesized that perceived responsiveness by meaningful other people would increase recipients' intellectual humility and attitude ambivalence and that these changes would reduce prejudice. Five studies (total <em>N</em><span><span> = 3362), four of which were preregistered, manipulated perceived responsiveness by a specific person (Studies 1–3, 5) or measured the effects of perceived responsiveness by the closest social network of the recipient (Study 4). All studies supported the hypotheses. Specifically, Studies 1 and 2 found that perceived responsiveness increased intellectual humility and attitude ambivalence and reduced prejudice toward a group from a pre-determined list. Study 3 replicated these findings when participants freely chose the social group. In Study 4, perceived responsiveness from individuals' closest social networks predicted the </span>dependent variables<span><span> a few days afterward, controlling for positive and negative affect and social desirability. Finally, in Study 5, we added a condition of positive social interaction to rule out the possibility that the prior findings were due to recalling an affectively positive experience. The effect of perceived responsiveness on prejudice reduction (i.e., increased attitude favorability toward the social group) was not moderated by attitude certainty (Study 2), anxious or </span>avoidant attachment style (Study 2), or attitude morality (Study 3). This work suggests that fostering perceived responsiveness can serve as a strategy for mitigating prejudice and promoting more open-minded attitudes.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134832578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who are you to me?: A relational approach to examining race-gender associations 你对我来说是谁?:研究种族-性别关系的关系方法

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104562

Vivian L. Xiao , Brian S. Lowery

{"title":"Who are you to me?: A relational approach to examining race-gender associations","authors":"Vivian L. Xiao , Brian S. Lowery","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scholars have posited that characteristics of a perceptual target impact how readily gender is associated with them, arguing that cultural biases in the U.S. make it such that certain racial groups are more or less associated with womanhood and manhood. We provide a novel expansion on this work by integrating characteristics of the perceiver, suggesting that individuals have a fundamental cognitive association between racial in-group members and gender. In four studies, we find that exposure to racial in-group members (as opposed to racial out-group members) facilitates the processing of gendered information relative to gender-irrelevant stimuli across both the familial (Studies 1–3) and employment (Study 4) contexts, suggesting that gender is indeed more strongly associated with racial in-group members. Using a sequential priming paradigm, we find this to be true among White (Studies 1–4), Asian (Studies 2–4), and Black (Studies 3–4) perceivers. The present work highlights the inherently relational nature of gender and gender roles, suggesting that theory about how gender intersects with race is incomplete without consideration of the psychological <em>relationship</em><span> between perceptual targets and perceivers. We thus provide an important expansion on theory about person perception at the intersection of gender and race.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134655771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empathy for the pain of others: Sensitivity to the individual, not to the collective 同情他人的痛苦:对个人的敏感，而不是对集体的敏感

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104561

Tom Gordon-Hecker , Ilan Yaniv , Anat Perry , Shoham Choshen-Hillel

引用次数: 0

Quantification of evaluations 评价的量化

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104558

Jinseok S. Chun , Michael I. Norton

引用次数: 0

Palestinians and Israelis believe the other's God encourages intergroup benevolence: A case of positive intergroup meta-perceptions 巴勒斯坦人和以色列人相信对方的上帝鼓励群体间的仁慈：一个积极的群体间元认知的案例

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104551

Crystal M. Shackleford , Michael H. Pasek , Allon Vishkin , Jeremy Ginges

{"title":"Palestinians and Israelis believe the other's God encourages intergroup benevolence: A case of positive intergroup meta-perceptions","authors":"Crystal M. Shackleford , Michael H. Pasek , Allon Vishkin , Jeremy Ginges","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How does religious belief influence intergroup conflict? Research addressing this question generally focuses on how individuals' own beliefs influence intergroup behavior. However, intergroup cooperation may also be influenced by second-order beliefs; in this case, perceptions about how outgroup members' religious beliefs influence <em>their</em> intergroup behavior. Indeed, across different domains, intergroup conflict is often driven by inaccurate and negative intergroup perceptions and predictions. If true of religion, such negatively biased predictions may independently hinder intergroup cooperation by reducing the extent to which individuals see religious outgroup members as cooperative partners. Contrary to this hypothesis, three preregistered studies (<em>N</em> = 1081) provide consistent evidence that Palestinians and Israelis predict that belief in God motivates outgroup members to give more money in intergroup exchanges (Studies 1 and 2) and to place a greater value on outgroup members' lives (Study 3). Results have important implications for policymakers' and the public's understanding of religion's role in intergroup relations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71525032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0