Journal of Experimental Social Psychology最新文献

Organizational norms and gender identity contexts shape when pronoun-sharing is perceived as disingenuous allyship: Evidence of a normative eclipsing effect 当代词共享被认为是虚伪的盟友关系时，组织规范和性别认同语境就会形成：规范黯然效应的证据

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104782

Izilda Pereira-Jorge, Kimberly E. Chaney, Flora Blanchette, Alexandra Garr-Schultz

{"title":"Organizational norms and gender identity contexts shape when pronoun-sharing is perceived as disingenuous allyship: Evidence of a normative eclipsing effect","authors":"Izilda Pereira-Jorge, Kimberly E. Chaney, Flora Blanchette, Alexandra Garr-Schultz","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pronoun-sharing is regarded as an inclusive practice targeted toward gender minorities. Though individual employees sharing pronouns results in the organization's higher-level management being perceived as more likely to engage in LGBT+ allyship, the impact of pronoun-sharing social norms on perceptions of individuals and companies remains unexplored. Across four experiments (<em>N</em> = 1365), we examined how perceived norms and employee gender identity impact when pronoun-sharing practices shift perceptions of both the target employee and the organization. When all cisgender employee team members shared pronouns, both cisgender (Studies 1, 3–4) and gender minority participants (Study 2) perceived an employee's pronoun-sharing as more externally motivated and the employee as less likely to display LGBT+ allyship compared to when pronoun-sharing was not the organizational norm. Further, we document a <em>normative eclipsing effect</em>, where lower-level employees who engage in pronoun-sharing norms (relative to sharing without a norm) are perceived as having management who are more likely to engage in LGBT+ allyship and are met with greater procedural fairness expectations (Study 2–3). Results suggest that normative pronoun-sharing may boost favorable perceptions of organizations but not individual employees. Yet, when evidence-based cues of inclusion are present, such as the presence of nonbinary employees (Study 3–4), both employees and management who engage in pronoun sharing are viewed as more likely to engage in LGBT+ allyship, regardless of the pronoun-sharing norm. These findings demonstrate the need to consider how context norms of identity-safety cues impact their utility to promote perceptions of allyship of individual actors and organizations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104782"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

People overshoot when choosing resource pools 人们在选择资源池时过度了

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104775

Christopher K. Hsee , Xilin Li , Ying Zeng

{"title":"People overshoot when choosing resource pools","authors":"Christopher K. Hsee , Xilin Li , Ying Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies a pool-choice dilemma, in which two or more resource-seekers decide independently whether to seek resources from a larger pool or a smaller pool. This dilemma mimics many real-life problems, such as firms or vendors deciding whether to enter a market with more potential buyers or one with fewer potential buyers. Across ten studies (five are incentive-compatible), we document a systematic <em>overshooting bias</em>, whereby the resource-seekers in the pool-choice dilemma are more likely to choose the large pool than normatively warranted, thereby sacrificing their own earnings. This research is a major extension of the prior work by Hsee et al. (2021) who found an opposite, undershooting effect in a similar dilemma. The current work offers a new look at the dilemma, with a more comprehensive theory that not only explains the overshooting effect found in this research, but also identifies its moderators and reconciles the opposite findings between this and the prior work. Contrary to what the prior work found, we predict and find that people in the dilemma generally overshoot rather than undershoot, unless they are explicitly prompted to predict the choice of their counterparts or the dilemma is framed in such a way that naturally prompts the players to consider the choice of their counterparts. This research carries theoretical implications for strategic thinking, and practical implications for resource competition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104775"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The malleability of reliance on race or ethnic vs. gender stereotypes in implicit person perception in the presence of counterstereotypic individuating information: A registered report 在反刻板印象个性化信息存在下，内隐人知觉中种族或民族刻板印象与性别刻板印象依赖的延展性：一份注册报告

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104779

Rachel S. Rubinstein , Lee Jussim

{"title":"The malleability of reliance on race or ethnic vs. gender stereotypes in implicit person perception in the presence of counterstereotypic individuating information: A registered report","authors":"Rachel S. Rubinstein , Lee Jussim","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proposed studies will test two competing hypotheses and one additional hypothesis. The first hypothesis is that reliance on ethnic or race stereotypes in implicit person perception is more malleable than reliance on gender stereotypes in implicit person perception in response to counterstereotypic individuating information. The competing hypothesis is that reliance on ethnic or race and gender stereotypes in implicit person perception are equally malleable in response to such information. An additional hypothesis is that reliance on weaker stereotypes in implicit person perception is more malleable than reliance on stronger stereotypes in response to counterstereotypic individuating information. Studies 1 and 2 will test the competing hypotheses using the same stereotyped attributes as they apply to both gender and racial or ethnic groups to maximize experimental control and will utilize race or ethnic stereotypes that are stronger than gender stereotypes, unlike previous research. Study 3 will fully cross the strength of the stereotype with the type of stereotyped group (gender vs. ethnic) to test the stereotype strength hypothesis and thus rule out alternative explanations for the results. To maximize generalizability, Study 4 will comprise an aggregation of 14 studies that are capable of testing the competing hypotheses: Studies 1–3 in the present research, and 11 previous studies that used the present research design. Regardless of which hypotheses are supported, the present research will contribute to a growing body of knowledge about the circumstances under which implicit associations prevail vs. can be shifted by valid, relevant information in the social environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104779"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the effect of discrepant perceptual fluency on truth judgments 重新审视不同知觉流畅性对真相判断的影响

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104774

Semih C. Aktepe, Daniel W. Heck

{"title":"Revisiting the effect of discrepant perceptual fluency on truth judgments","authors":"Semih C. Aktepe, Daniel W. Heck","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluency theories assume that perceived truth is influenced by the subjective ease with which presented information is processed. Several studies have demonstrated that increased perceptual fluency, induced by high versus low color contrast of presented statements, results in higher truth judgments. According to the discrepancy-attribution hypothesis, the unexpected switch from several low-fluency stimuli to a high-fluency stimulus is assumed to enhance perceived truthfulness. In two online studies (one preregistered), we aimed to conceptually replicate the central finding by Hansen, Dechêne, and Wänke (2008; <em>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</em>) that discrepancies in color contrast influence truth judgments. Besides adding a color calibration phase in one condition, we extended the original design by varying the length of stimulus blocks presented in low or high color contrast. Contrary to previous findings, neither the level of perceptual fluency nor unexpected discrepancies in fluency affected truth judgments. Still, high-contrast statements were read faster than low-contrast ones, indicating that processing fluency was successfully manipulated. A meta-analysis combining our two experiments with published studies shows that the effect of color contrast on truth judgments may not be as robust as previously thought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing the effects of political rhetoric towards muslims as a facilitator and barrier for intergroup contact 测试对穆斯林的政治言论作为群体间接触的促进者和障碍的影响

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104780

John Shayegh , Becky Choma

{"title":"Testing the effects of political rhetoric towards muslims as a facilitator and barrier for intergroup contact","authors":"John Shayegh , Becky Choma","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intergroup contact fosters positive social relations, and politicians often use rhetoric to shape intergroup attitudes. However, the impact of political rhetoric on future intergroup contact remains unexplored. This paper addresses this gap by examining how rhetoric influences contact readiness towards Muslims. We conducted two experiments in which non-Muslim participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: exposure to positive political rhetoric about Muslims, negative rhetoric, or a control condition. In Study 1, exposure to negative rhetoric did not significantly affect contact readiness. In contrast, positive rhetoric led to more positive perceptions of future contact, with higher intergroup trust and lower intergroup anxiety. Study 2, using a higher-powered sample, also showed positive rhetoric increased positive contact perceptions but only linked to intergroup trust. It also found positive rhetoric led to greater intentions for future contact. Negative rhetoric continued to show no direct effect on contact readiness but had conditional effects; it predicted higher intergroup anxiety and less positive contact perceptions among individuals with lower social dominance orientation. Overall, findings indicate political rhetoric, serving as a form of vicarious intergroup contact, can influence public willingness for intergroup interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104780"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

People judge third-party anger as a signal of moral character 人们认为第三方的愤怒是道德品质的标志

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104765

Xi Shen , Rajen A. Anderson , David A. Pizarro

{"title":"People judge third-party anger as a signal of moral character","authors":"Xi Shen , Rajen A. Anderson , David A. Pizarro","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Judging others' moral character is a vital and necessary task for navigating the social world. Extending work on the function of emotions, we propose that people use others' emotions to infer their moral character. We focused on anger, an emotion that is often viewed as undesirable. We hypothesized that anger could serve as a signal of moral character, specifically when experienced after observing a third-party moral violation (i.e., when one individual behaves immorally toward another). We first examined this hypothesis by showing that people not only judged the observer who <em>felt</em> angry to be a better person (Studies 1–2), but they also trusted the observer more (Study 3). In Study 4, we found that such inferences can be drawn when anger was <em>displayed</em>, and this effect was much more pronounced for third-party violations compared to when people were treated immorally themselves. Further, we explored whether the positive effect from anger is unique from sympathy (Study 5) and cognitive recognition of the violation (6a, and 6b), and found that anger elicited a similar level of positive moral character judgment as sympathy and cognitive recognition of the violation. However, different from recognition of the violation, anger is associated with a higher expectation of behavioral engagement. These studies not only demonstrate the moral character signaling function of emotions but also contribute to an understanding of the processes by which individuals infer moral character in others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104765"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moral fixedness: Morality seems less changeable than competence and warmth 道德固定性：道德似乎比能力和热情更不易改变

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104776

Jinseok S. Chun , Michael S. North

引用次数: 0

Talk is cheap: The role of (in)sincere allyship cues from men on women's identity-safety and retention at work 空谈是廉价的：在真诚的盟友关系中所扮演的角色，暗示着男性对女性身份的重视——在工作中的安全和保留

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104767

Charlotte E. Moser , Nyla R. Branscombe , Gregg A. Muragishi

{"title":"Talk is cheap: The role of (in)sincere allyship cues from men on women's identity-safety and retention at work","authors":"Charlotte E. Moser , Nyla R. Branscombe , Gregg A. Muragishi","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Four studies (<em>N</em> = 1554) examine whether women believe a man's allyship is sincere or not when they are exposed to new (and sometimes counter) allyship cues. These studies demonstrate that women's perceptions of a man's allyship sincerity influences whether the man is viewed as an identity-safety cue for women. Women reported a higher sense of identity-safety and likelihood of retention in a male-dominated workplace when an ally-identified man confronted (vs agreed with or ignored) sexism which was mediated by women's perceptions of the man's sincerity. An ally-identified man who ignored sexism was perceived as equally insincere and unlikely to promote women's identity-safety as an ally-identified man who agreed with a sexist comment (Study 1). Study 2 demonstrates that perceiving an ally-identified man as sincerely motivated determines his impact on women's identity-safety and retention. Studies 3–4 examine how the order in which women learn of a man's stated motivation to identify as an ally and his behavioral response to workplace sexism inform women's perceptions of the man's sincerity, hypocrisy, women's anticipated workplace treatment, and broader perceptions of the organization. These results indicate that perceived sincerity amplifies the positive effects of ally-identified men on women's identity-safety in male-dominated workplaces, whereas indications of insincerity severely undermine the extent to which ally-identified men signal identity-safety to women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Through the lens of race: Accounting for majority-minority relations in cross-race categorization and individuation 从种族的角度看：跨种族分类与个性化中的多数族裔关系

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104763

Verena Heidrich, Roland Imhoff

{"title":"Through the lens of race: Accounting for majority-minority relations in cross-race categorization and individuation","authors":"Verena Heidrich, Roland Imhoff","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Race is a fundamental organizing principle along which many societies differentiate their members, as is prominently the case for Black and White individuals in the United States (US). This dominance is also mirrored in individuals' spontaneous tendency to see a group of individuals as exemplars of racial categories. Traditional models of intergroup cognition suggest that people better remember in-group members (the cross-race-effect, CRE) and more quickly and accurately categorize out-group members (the other-race categorization advantage, ORCA) due to differences in perceptual salience and functional relevance. However, these findings were mainly based on White populations and may therefore not fully capture the perceptions of racialized minorities, such as Black individuals in the US. Given their markedly different experiences with systemic inequality, minority group members may individuate majority group members to the same extent as, or even more than, their in-group. The present research examined cross-race categorization and individuation among Black and White US Americans (<em>N</em> = 511) using the “Who Said What?” task (Taylor et al., 1978) combined with multinomial processing tree modeling (Klauer & Wegener, 1998). White participants showed stronger out-group categorization and in-group individuation, aligning with the traditional intergroup perspective. In contrast, Black participants displayed attenuated or reversed patterns, favoring in-group categorization and out-group individuation. While interracial contact and perceived racial identity threat had no effects, racial identification amplified racial categorization in White participants and reinforced the individuation of Black faces among Black participants. These findings underscore the importance of considering racialized majority-minority dynamics in models of intergroup cognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secrets lurking in the background: Investigating the underlying effects of secrets in everyday life 隐藏在背景中的秘密：调查秘密在日常生活中的潜在影响

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104766

Alisa Bedrov, Shelly L. Gable

{"title":"Secrets lurking in the background: Investigating the underlying effects of secrets in everyday life","authors":"Alisa Bedrov, Shelly L. Gable","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Keeping secrets can have negative consequences for well-being, yet most research relies on artificially prompting participants to reflect on their secrets prior to assessing key outcomes. The current research addresses this methodological limitation by having participants (<em>N</em> = 114) report on significant social interactions with five people for 10 days of experience sampling, with the extent of secrecy from each person only assessed after those 10 days. Results show that keeping more secrets from an interaction partner (and secrets of greater importance) was associated with higher burden in daily interactions (i.e., more stress, distractedness, distance, inauthenticity) and lower relationship quality. These results provide compelling evidence that keeping secrets may be negatively associated with daily interactions and relationships even when secret-keepers are not necessarily dwelling more on their secrets. Altogether, this research suggests that the implications of secrecy can be pervasive, subtle, and variable depending on each unique relationship with one's secrecy targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104766"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0